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Division of labor in transport and the influence of the public sector

Author(s): Josef Kubík,Robert Zůvala / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2018

Urban mobility of persons is an important social phenomenon. It represents effected movement of people from one settlement to another, for reasons of performing purposeful and intentional activities related to work, education, shopping, procurement of services and number of others. Nowadays, mobility of persons poses serious environmental effects caused by a particularly extensive use of personal car traffic for transport of persons on their trips. The solution to this problem is one of the key elements in plans for improvement of sustainability of local development. Public administration pays consistently high attention to mobility of persons and by its decisions it fundamentally affects the quality of life of urban population. The basic trend is represented by the preference of environmentally friendly modes of transport. That is walking, cycling and mass public transport. The indicator used for tracking of the use of the means of transport in urban mobility is the transport division of labor, the so-called modal split. This characteristic refers to the percentage of the various types of transport on the total number of trips performed by persons in a particular settlement in the course of one day, usually one working day. The article examines the transport division of labor in Prague and in twelve regional capitals in the Czech Republic. The work is conducted in two steps. The first step, the primary data is compiled into tables according to which of the defined modes of transport are used by people for travel to work and school in the regional capitals in the Czech Republic. The second step addresses the issue of consistence in the division of labor in transport across the tested set of cities. This hypothesis is assessed by a consistency test (chi-square test). The taken hypothesis was not confirmed and, therefore we examined the strength of the relationship between the observed and calculated frequencies of use of the various means of transport. The testing is carried out using adjusted residual values. For clearer representation and interpretation, the obtained results are transferred to the graphical form of a sign schema.

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Modele opieki zdrowotnej na świecie a wpływ przeobrażeń demograficznych i ekonomicznych na proces reformowania się systemów

Author(s): Monika Dobska,Jakub Przybyła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7.1/2017

Economic conditions, demographic, historical and cultural led to the emergence of a variety of health care systems in the world. They differ funding rules, the scope of the benefits to be paid and the conditions for the acquisition of the rights to. Against this background, the article will not only present healthcare systems in selected countries, but also the existing models of health care. The article will explain the concept of health care model, used in the article as a tool for comparison of operating systems in different countries. The article will be considered the macro conditions that are strictly determined the designation and the ability to achieve the objectives of health, leading to the need to reform the system. Reform process is a difficult task due to the growing expectations of the population, demographic change and limited resources in the system.

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Coaching menedżera w ochronie zdrowia jako element idei społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu

Author(s): Ewa Mojs,Rafał Staszewski,Włodzimierz Samborski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7.1/2017

Healthcare and its organization remain one of the most important and difficult sectors of economy. Every year the health sector consumes more and more money but increasing healthcare spending is not fully reflected in better quality and availability of healthcare services. The study focuses on showing the need for developing managerial skills in healthcare. It also points to the fact that continuing education should include psychological skills training which entails trainee’s active involvement in the educational process such as working with a coach or workshops. Development of managerial skills fits in the idea of social responsibility of business. Mindful and responsible managers take care not only of the financial results of their work but also actively create internal and external image of the organization and raise competitiveness of the organization on the healthcare market. Thanks to the effective coping the manager fulfills the principle of balanced development of the organization, which promotes well-being of both its patients and employees.

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Local Public Sector Reforms in Time of Crisis National Trajectories and International Comparisons - Book review

Author(s): Alina Georgiana Profiroiu / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2017

The review of: Sabine Kuhlmann, Geert Bouckaert, eds, Governance and Public Management Series,(Palgrave Macmillian, 2016)- Local Public Sector Reforms in Time of Crisis. National Trajectories and International Comparisons,Governance and Public Management ,ISBN 978-1 137-52547-5(paper), ISBN 978-1-137-52548-2(e-book)

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Public procurement efficiency in agriculture and forestry in Slovakia

Author(s): Beata Gavurova,David Tucek,Andrea Tkáčová,Jakub Danko / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2018

Agriculture and forestry in Slovakia is a sector that includes the highest number of contract awards in public procurement. The main aim of this article is to identify an influence of selected determinants on public procurement efficiency in agricultural and forestry sector in Slovakia. There are created two basic types of models based on a sample of 291 contracts, which were formed by means of a multiple linear regression in program R. The first model examines an influence of variables on public procurement savings that is defined as a rate of the final and probable price of the contract. This model confirms a positive influence of a number of offers on savings’ formation, where each next offer increases saving of approximately 8.816 %. On the other hand, a subcontractor’s presence reduces saving by 19.9 %. The second model examines and influence of variables on a number of offers in public procurement. The number of offers in a given sector positively influences a public competition, while there is usually of three offers more than in the negotiating process. However, the number of offers decreases when a contract is financing from the EU funds and when contract specifies a criterion of quality.

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Victimization of health professionals in Bucharest service relations and social work relationships

Author(s): Daniel Faggianelli,Sorin Burlacu,Cécile CARRA / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2018

Workplace violence in the health sector has become an international social problem since the end of the 20th century. This concern is much more recent in Romania; few data are still available. This research aims to assess the extent of the phenomenon in this national context. The analysis is based on 207 questionnaires collected from doctors, nurses and care assistants from different departments and establishments in Bucharest, with an overrepresentation of the emergency department of public hospitals for its crystallization of conflicts. This research shows the prevalence of professional experience of victimization in the health sector (more than one respondent in two claims to have suffered violence at least once in the past year). This experience is massively built in the service relationship; the conflicts of perspective that manifest themselves there are experienced as violence when they undermine the exercise of the profession, as it is designed by the professionals. The results also show the significant role of the organization and its functioning in the expression victim. The more the organization is perceived negatively, the more often the expression victim is frequent. The service relationship is thus more than the question of the interactions between professionals and users and makes sense in the specificities of the context, which is itself crossed by fundamental reforms. This background helps to understand the importance of workplace conflict, accounting for more than one in five victimizations. More broadly, role conflicts, even if they are not all denounced as violence, contribute to shaping a lived experience, weighing on the victim expression of health professionals.

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Management of Change in the Changing School

Author(s): Gabriela Diana Niculescu,Florina Dorina Voicu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

"Let us have the serenity of accepting what cannot be changed, the courage to change what can be changed, and especially the wisdom to make the difference between the two possibilities" Marc Aureliu. Since ancient times man as a social being has lived with other people. It goes without saying that human education has a paramount importance when it comes to its integration into society. Reflecting, but also actively contributing to the society’s evolution, the schools are in the permanent process of change. They both support and promote the change as a way for continuous modernization of economic and social life. In order to qualify for quality education, there is a need for schools in order to have an appropriate change management in educational field that will lead to a quality education for the pupils and will increase their chances to become well integrated in the society.

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Social Innovation through Urban Regeneration – A Local Model

Author(s): Andreea-Alexandra Anechitei / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

This paper introduces the analytic context of a social innovation model analyzed through a local urban regeneration process. Urban regeneration is the bringing to life of urban areas with the cooperative effort of municipalities, owners and other stakeholders involved in improving living conditions, enhancing the quality of the environment and the social climate, and strengthening the local economy. The main question is: Can an urban regeneration project be considered social innovation? To answer that, the purpose of this article is the analysis of an urban regeneration project as a social innovation one. The paper employs content analysis exploring a study case within a pilot urban regeneration project. The paper findings suggest that the main purpose of social innovation in the urban regeneration of the Ferentari neighborhood is not the profit: social innovation consists of innovative activities and services motivated by the purpose of responding to a social need, disseminated through organizations, individuals or enterprises whose main purpose is social.

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Rabbi Hirsch values and principles and McKinsey 7 S model. Past and Future in Israeli School Management

Author(s): Yochanan Kirschenboim / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

This article discusses the relevance of Rabbi Hirsch religious values and principles of school management formulated in the 19th century based on the Tora teachings to today’s school management practice and realities of the 21st century. His main shared value standing in the center of its approach is “Loving one’s fellow and human dignity. It is important to recognize the love, dignity and honor that people give and share with us. Dignity is a precondition for a “happy life.” The fundamental rule is that, in effect, teaching has to be presented to the students as an activity arising from a moral obligation, and acquisition of education arises from a moral, not a selfish, aspiration, otherwise moral education would not succeed. Based on these we discuss the management of an existing school using the 7S model of McKinsey applied in the case of Israeli schools.

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The Role of the Shared Value “Justice” in the Management Approach of Educational Organizations of Rabbi Hirsch

Author(s): Yochanan Kirschenboim / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

Rabbi Samson Hirsch, was born in Hamburg, Germany, on June 19, 1808, and died in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, on December 31, 1888. The years in which he was active were replete with far-reaching changes for European Jewry in general, and for German Jewry in particular. His educational and literary writings made their mark on Jewish history, and that people admire him as a true revolutionary person and as someone who had managed to shape generations of students through his innovative methods in education and management of educational institutions.

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The Use of Telematics Solutions in Achieving Excellency in Anti Criminal Activity in Romania

Author(s): Emilian Cristian Irimescu,Corina Ioanas,Cristian Silviu Bănacu / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

Looking at the quality through the results of an activity, in this case an economic activity, our paper aims to identify some causal links between the preventing criminality and control mechanism, based on telematics security systems, and the criminality against property status at country level. The analyzed statistical data series are focused on the evolution of criminality in Romania in the last years, and also on the monitoring marketing based on private dispatches. The big picture reveals that in over 43% of the European countries there is an ascending level of burglaries. In this paper we try to identify if the development of the telematics security market based on private monitoring dispatches a decrease of the criminality against property in Romania. Based on this study we will be able to see if the private companies which provide security services can reach an Excellency level (considered Excellency in business), identified through country level results, based on the use of security telematics solutions.

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Monitoring Romanian Medical System: International Perspectives

Author(s): Ana-Mădălina Potcovaru (Bîgu),Adriana Girneata,Adi Eleonor G. Trifu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

In order to change a system or a part of it, there is a profound need to actually know, in depth and with accuracy, how it works. Many things have been said, mostly bad ones, about Romanian medical system. Plus, both patients and doctors have growing necessities and complaints, while the population’s need for medical assistance is bigger and bigger. The world is looking towards Romania and the organizations that have a say at an international level are expecting a reaction and solutions to the multitude of problems signaled by various means. Meanwhile, the government continues to obstinately avoid taking the bull by the horns, and more than that, keeps reducing the state financing for the medical sector. The subject of our paper is based on the economic realities of nowdays. Recently, social media and NGOs have been assuming a difficult role: the indirect monitoring of the quality of the services. Same interest in monitoring is shared by UE and different international organizations.

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The Role and Importance of Governance for the Public Sector. Case Study for Romania

Author(s): Adelina Dumitrescu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2014

The development and modernization of public administration under restricted budgetary resources imposes a rigorous control on the spending of public funds. In this regard the modified law of internal public audit underlines the necessity for institutional governance in the public sector. The paper starts from these changes of the Romanian internal public audit law analyzing the relationship between audit and management, and the importance of governance in the public sector. The used method of research is based on the qualitative analysis of internal audit activities which are meant to add value to management processes in public entities. The originality of the paper consists in the qualitative study based on interpretative methods for understanding the effects of governance on management and audit. The conclusions of the study are presenting in the paper by a governance model for the public sector and can act as starting point for future research.

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Change Management in Medical University Education in Romania in the Context of National and European Development Policies

Author(s): Vladimir Aurelian Enăchescu,Ioana-Roxana Trapiel / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

Innovation was also involved in the definition and types of medical systems, which have proven over time viability. The fundamental elements of any efficeient system, as a part of system management, like human resource, material resource, financial resource and not least, temporal resource, must be the principles on which it is founded. According to contemporary theories, priority is human resource and in this paper, we propose to analyze human resource training from this field, following analysis of change management in medical university education, coming up with a series of conclusions with the title of recommendations, for just such a future approach toward efficiency.

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Scientific Research Management in Romania

Author(s): Angelica Băcescu-Cărbunaru,Monica Condruz-Bacescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

The present paper presents the challenges of scientific research in the Romanian environment. The first part deals with current issues of the Romanian scientific research. After 25 years of searching, scientific research has not found the solution of working in correlation with major rules in EU countries. The change in the Romanian political system in 1990 found society unprepared for research work in the market economy. The second part focuses on how the research system should function. This requires a national management measure, which means the appearance of high professionalism and efficiency structures, made of specialized companies, that should operate on the principle of commissions. The last part presents the research strategy in regional, national and international framework. The conclusion is that the level of innovation and research culture in Romania is low, both in the business sector and in academia. In the field of interaction with the international environment, significant technological gaps in comparison with developed countries, stimulate technology import to the detriment of innovation.

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Environmental Sustainability and Product Portfolio Management in Biodiversity Firms: A Comparative Analysis between Portugal and Brazil

Author(s): Daniel Jugend,José Figueiredo,Marco Antonio Paula Pinheiro / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

Although relevant research on environmental sustainability or product portfolio management is quite developed, few studies integrate the two areas. This research aims to shed light on the environmental sustainability practices adopted in product portfolio through a cross-country case study on leading biodiversity companies located in Portugal and Brazil. The results demonstrate that the pressure of government regulation and the tendency of markets to demand consumer products that do not harm biodiversity have changed the mindset of biodiversity companies, which have been trying to expand their environmentally sustainable product portfolio (ESPP). The results also indicate that tuning ESPP improves market performance and that the main barriers to integrate environmental sustainability into the product portfolio are technological.

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Sharing of Knowledge as a Condition of Rural Area Development – Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Approach

Author(s): Urszula Ziemiańczyk,Anna Krakowiak-Bal,Agnieszka Peszek / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

One of the common challenges exist throughout Europe is to compiling knowledge ready for practice. A key element for development and progress is distributing and sharing the knowledge. With sharing of knowledge is related a number of issues, such as trust (the not surprising conclusion that people who trust one another are more willing to share information than those who do not), risk taking, wellbeing (increasing has an incremental effect on knowledge sharing behavior). Knowledge sharing behavior is affected by the complex interplay of well-being, social capital tendency and organizational culture. Authors have been used a fsQCA (fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis) as a methodological concept to examines the impact of identified behavior on the level of knowledge application in local level organization. This type of technique is ideal for this study for two reasons: on the one hand, in order to analyze whether identified behavior in organizations enables knowledge sharing or not. The second aspect regards the size of the sample. The advantage of this method is that it allows researchers to work with medium-sized samples. This type of technique allows a detailed analysis of how causal conditions contribute to a particular result, and is based on a configurational understanding of how a combination of causes leads to the same series of results. Based on a survey and interview of local level organisations in Poland involved in rural areas development, this study has examined the relationship between the impact of identified behavior on the level of knowledge application in local level organization. The findings reveal that the presence of regular meetings and openness, low level of subjective risk of losing position in the organization, presence of platform for sharing information and the care of the young workers determines the level of application of knowledge in organizations and community.

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Organizational Conditioning of Job Satisfaction. A Model of Job Satisfaction

Author(s): Marcin Wnuk / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Job satisfaction is an important predictor of job switching. Knowledge of the predictors of job satisfaction offers business owners and management staff the ability to shape the work environment so that the most valuable, loyal, and experienced employees can be retained in the company. The objective of this project is to test a model of job satisfaction based on person-organization fit (P-O fit), perceived organizational support (POS), and perceived supervisor support (PSS). The study examines whether PSS directly relates to employee job satisfaction or whether P-O fit or POS mediate in this relationship. Additionally, it is examined whether POS is a moderating variable between P-O fit and job satisfaction. The study was conducted using a sample 484 employees of a company in the IT sector. It turns out that POS, and P-O fit to the organization are variables that act as partial mediator between PSS and job satisfaction. The relationship between PSS and POS is both direct and indirect. P-O fit is a partial mediator of this relationship, while POS is both a partial mediator and a moderator between P-O fit and job satisfaction. Among employees who POS to be high, consistency between an employee’s and the organization’s values is indirectly connected with job satisfaction, whereas among employees who POS to be low, this relationship is both direct and indirect. In their operations, employers should focus on shaping managers’ attitudes towards their subordinates in an appropriate direction, as managers significantly influence employees’ perceived organizational support and job satisfaction.

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Reshoring in Italy: a recent analysis

Author(s): Giuseppina Talamo,Michele Sabatino / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

This paper contributes to the emerging literature on reshoring by analyzing this return strategy in Italy with a focus on economic resilience. The joint analysis of reshoring and economic resilience is a missing link which could shed some light on the evolution of regional and international strategies and could help to understand whether there is a relationship between reshoring and the resilience of Italian industrial districts. In this regard, we intend to understand the behavior of companies which have carried out reshoring strategies and their links with the territorial and regional area, and hence the economic resilience of the Italian regions in the face of most recent economic and financial shocks, which has contributed to these types of business and production choices. The aim is to demonstrate whether there is a relationship at regional level between companies which have made reshoring choices and the degree of economic resilience of an area. Using recent data, findings suggest that the renewal of supply chain strategy through reshoring can enhance the value of Italian production by a changing business model.

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Financial Performance Measurement of Hungarian Retail Food Companies

Author(s): Veronika Fenyves,Zoltán Bács,Laura Karna,Adrián Szilárd Nagy,Tibor Tarnóczi / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

The comparison of company performances, i.e., bench-marking, is becoming more and more critical. Presently, companies mostly use traditional financial ratios to evaluate their financial performance. We also use financial ratios to measure and compare company performances, from which we create complex efficiency coefficients using Data Envelopment Analysis. Using Data Envelopment Analysis, we analyzed the efficiency of retail food companies in Hungary’s Northern Great Plain region from 2009 to 2014 using their financial reports. To improve the result of the performance measurement, we used the bootstrap method, the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo simulation, and Bayesian statistics. We transformed the primarily deterministic DEA method into a stochastic DEA model. The primary target of this extension is to enhance statistical inference in DEA and to integrate it with a stochastic mechanism of Bayesian techniques. To develop the stochastic DEA model, we use Stan Stochastic Modelling Language within the framework of the R Statistics. Analyzing the results, we can state that the DEA method can be used for analyzing efficiency, and the additions shown can make the evaluation much more accurate. We can conclude that the best results were produced by the combined method, during a simultaneous application of the input orientation.

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