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TELL ME LIES, TELL ME SWEET LITTLE LIES

Author(s): Leonie Haiden / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Many political analysts maintain that the ‘era of post-truth’ began in 2016; the year we allegedly left the world of rational argument and objective facts and entered a world of ‘bullshit’ and lies. The election of President Donald Trump and the success of the Brexit campaign are often cited as evidence. However, such an interpretation of contemporary politics is not without limitations. Not only has lying always been part of the political repertoire, but the notion of a post-truth era also creates too harsh a break with the past, failing to address the central questions of how to distinguish between different (legitimate) truths and fake-news strategies, and how both of these impact the political and media discourses of today. Why does the dissemination of false information appear to be such an attractive strategy in our current information environment?

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WHATEVER HAPPENED TO TRUST?

Author(s): Leonie Haiden / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Along with changes to the media landscape, low levels of trust in news media and government are often cited as creating a fertile environment for fake news and disinformation. According to polls and commentators, institutional trust reached a historical low in 2017. Edelman’s ‘Trust Barometer’ reports that governments and media are our least trusted institutions, with the number of respondents indicating their trust at 41% and 43% respectively. These and other similar findings by pollsters, such as the Pew Research Center, have been widely reported. Referring to his survey, Edelman declared in The Economist that ‘(t)rust—or, too often, the lack of it—is one of the central issues of our time’. Such an approach to trust makes several assumptions: First, that trust levels have indeed reached a point of ‘crisis’ that can be measured. Second, that trust and distrust stand in a binary relationship. And finally, that a pervasive lack of trust in society is one of the reasons we have ‘a broken media industry’. We will interrogate these assumptions, showing that while trust is indeed crucial to understanding today’s political developments, and fake news in particular, the way it is usually discussed is too simplistic and not conducive to finding adequate responses to fake news.

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DAESH AND ITS SINGLE TRUTH

Author(s): Kierat Ranautta-Sambhi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As a militant, fundamentalist group, we expect Daesh’s approach to truth to be unequivocally absolutist. However, many believe that the group has been able to communicate effectively because it is not constrained by truth. So what role does truth play in Daesh strategic communications?

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BLOGS, FAKE NEWS, AND INFORMATION ACTIVITIES

Author(s): Nitin Agarwal,Kiran Kumar Bandeli / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Blogs provide fertile ground for framing narratives. This chapter demonstrates that aside from the blog post itself, reader comments can make the narrative more persuasive. However, the absence of a social network structure for blogs inhibits the dissemination of these narratives. Social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook are used as vehicles to disseminate the content using cross-media and mixed-media tactics. The link between blogs and social media platforms is vital for understanding contemporary disinformation campaigns.

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PARLAMENTARNA SKUPŠTINA

Author(s): Nermina Saračević / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Članak opisuje Parlamentarnu skupštinu BiH kao najvišeg legislativnog organa vlasti u Bosni i Hercegovini putem sistemske analize i sa aspekta konsocijativne političke paradigme. Izostanak političkog konsenzusa kod formiranja koalicionog programa vodećih parlamentarnih stranki kontinuirano ugrožava legitimnost zakonodavne vlasti i umanjuje njenu funkcionalnost u institucionalnom poretku. Ovakav model je sa stanovišta funkcionalnosti ovisan o vanjskom, supra-nacionalnom autoritetu u vršenju vlasti (Ured Visokog predstavnika za BiH), od čijeg angažmana će i dalje ovisiti donošenje ključnih odluka i reformi potrebnih za jačanje centralnog državnog aparata i time zastupanja opštih interesa svih građana (demosa) Bosne i Hercegovine. Tranzicija ka samostalnom modelu će biti uslovljena postizanjem političkog dogovora o opštem (zajedničkom) dobru uz etos kooperacije između parlamentarnih stranaka.

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An Exploratory Look at a MENA Leadership Yardstick

Author(s): Caroline Akhras / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

It is held that contemporary Western organizations would neither exist nor develop without leaders who efficiently and effectively manage. Researchers assert that in modern business enterprises, leadership requires the skill of working with and through people and other organizational resources to accomplish organizational goals. In addition, many business leadership studies posit that a key skill is that unique ability to work with the additionally challenging behavior of Millennials and Generation Z geared 24/7 towards accelerated development. Nonetheless, Drucker (2003) looking at modern organizations from a much broader perspective asserted that effective management in the post-industrial arena is probably the main resource of the developed world and the most needed resource in the developing world. This research paper explores perceptions of a leadership yardstick in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Ninety three participants drawn from different departments in business organizations were randomly selected as a sample. Two research questions were posed: (1) In your opinion, are business leaders operationally efficient in reaching goals in the SME where you work? (2) In your opinion, are business leaders effective in reaching goals in the SME where you work? The results found that Millennial and Generation Z business leadership in the MENA had a novel moral compass that networked, coordinated, cooperated and united employees into a communal context. Additional research is recommended to further explore and understand the modern MENA business leadership yardstick as it is the first worldwide horizontal generation that seems to be socially accountable.

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Incentive to migrate and to return to home country: A comparison of Turkish, Moroccan and Egyptian cases

Author(s): Yehudith Kahn,Nir Billfeld / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Most migration models assume that migration is an irreversible and permanent decision, however, this assumption is not appropriate in the Turkish, Moroccan and Egyptian cases. Some migrants return home either because they had decided before migration to remain abroad only temporarily, or because changing circumstances led them to reverse the previous decision to permanently migrate.

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Biographical methods in migration research

Author(s): Deborah Sporton,Theodoros Iosifides / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

During the last decades, qualitative biographical/narrative methods gained a prominent position within the spectrum of social science methodology and research practice, mainly due to a reaction to the positivist empiricist dominance and associated views of social reality. After an initial interest to biographical methods, which followed the edition of ‘The Polish Peasant in Europe and America (1919-1921)’ by Thomas and Znaniecki (1958), biographical and generally qualitative research methods gave way to empiricist-quantitative approaches and only since the end of 1960 the positivist domination begun to be unsettled (Halfacree and Boyle 1993; Findlay and Li 1997; Tsiolis 2006).

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A mobile life story: tracing hopefulness in the life and dreams of a young Ivorian Migrant

Author(s): Jesper Bjarnesen / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The analysis suggests an adaptation of the life history interview as a method in qualitative migration studies. By joining four analytical concepts into an overall methodological framework, the mobile life story is intended to guide the exploration of the subjective experiences of migrants at various stages of a migrant trajectory. The notion of ‘mobility’ evokes a holistic orientation in the study of migrant biographies; the unpredictability that characterizes the social practice of migrants is captured through the concept of ‘hopefulness’; the concept of ‘vital conjunctures’ is argued to provide a temporal delimitation and a focus for the organizing of a life history interview; and the spatial dimension of the methodology is delimited through the concept of ‘emplacement’. As opposed to a migration history, the mobile life story explores the significant transformations that have characterized the migrant’s past and relates these defining moments to the broader migration history.

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Âşıklarda Göç Olgusu ve Âşık Reyhanî'nin Göç Serüveni

Author(s): Meltem Şimşek Öksüz / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Bu çalışmada öncelikle “Göç Olgusu ve Âşıklık Geleneğinde Göç” konusu üzerinde durulmuştur. Sonrasında bir âşığın hangi sebeplerle göç edebileceği maddeler hâlinde sıralanarak bu maddelerin her birine âşık biyografilerinden yararlanılarak çeşitli örnekler gösterilmiştir. Bu örnekler daha kapsamlı bir çalışmada çoğaltılma olanağına sahiptirler.

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Göçmenlik ve Yerinde Yaşlan (ama) ma

Author(s): Sevim Atilla Demir / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Sanayileşme sonrası yaşanan gelişmeler ile birlikte ölüm ve doğum oranlarının düşmesi başta batılı gelişmiş ülkeler olmak üzere dünya çapında yaşlı nüfus oranının artmasına yol açmıştır. Bu nüfus değişimleri yaşlanma olgusunu bir kat daha önemli hale getirmiştir. 2015 yılı verilerine göre her 8 kişiden 1’si 60 yaş ve üzerindedir. 2030 yılında ise her 6 kişiden birinin 60 yaş ve üzerinde olacağı tahmin edilmektedir. 2000 yılında dünyada 80 yaş ve üzeri 71 milyon kişi bulunmakta iken bu sayı 2015 yılında 125 milyona çıkmıştır. 2050 yılında bu oranın 434 milyon olacağı öngörülmektedir (United Nations Report 2015). Türkiye’deki duruma bakıldığında, 1965 yılı yaşlı nüfus oranı %4 iken yaşlı nüfusun toplam nüfus içindeki oranı 2014 yılında %8 ve 2015 yılında %8,2 olmuştur (TUIK, 2016). Yaşlanan nüfus içinde yaş ilerledikçe yaşlanma hızı daha da artmaktadır. Dünya genelinde, 2011 yılından 2100 yılına kadar yaşlı nüfus (60+) 3 kat artarken, 80 yaş üzeri nüfusun 5 kat artması beklenmektedir. Yani dünya genelinde önümüzdeki 90 yılda ileri yaşlı (80+) sayısı, genç yaşlılara (60+) göre daha fazla artış gösterecektir. Bu süre zarfında, ileri yaşlı nüfusun Kanada’da 3 kat, Almanya’da 2 kat, İtalya’da 2 kat, Rusya federasyonunda 3 kat, İngiltere’de 3 kat ve ABD’de 3 kat artması beklenmektedir. Türkiye’de 80 yaş üstü nüfusun artış hızı da oldukça dikkat çekicidir. 2011 yılında binde 9 olan 80 yaş üstü nüfus, 2050 yılında 4 kat ve 2100 yılına gelindiğinde tam olarak 10 kat artış gösterecektir (United Nations Report 2015- Arun, 2014, s. 4).

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Support or Obstacle? Effects of Immigrants on Domestic Labor Force in Turkey

Author(s): Atakan Durmaz,Özge Korkmaz / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The phenomenon of migration, as old as human history, is one of the most interested subjects of countries in the 21st century, especially in the last 10 years. Undoubtedly, one of the important reasons for this is the fact that migration has significant influences on from economic to social life almost every subject in terms of both emigrating countries and receiving countries. The fact that economic factors and security problems are the main causes of migration movements also laid the groundwork for the work done in the field of economy to concentrate on this subject. At this point, there are also studies of the impact of receiving countries on labor market, although the impact of migrant movements on emigrating countries’ economy is largely a matter of focus. However, there is no consensus on the work done in this regard. As a matter of fact, some studies have found that immigrants have a negative effect on the labor market because they are willing to work at lower wages, while in some studies they have found that immigrants have a positive influence on the labor market by increasing labor supply in areas where the local labor does not want to work. At this point, Turkey has taken its place in studies in the literature as a country that both emigrating (especially from the early 1960s to the 1990s) and receiving country (especially in the last 10 years because of events happening in neighboring countries). Although the vast majorities are refugee status, a growing number of immigrants are involved in the labor market and this affects the position of the local labor force on the labor market. From this point of view, the effect of immigrants on the labor force participation rate of the local labor force has been examined by means of regression analysis, using immigrant data from 26 provinces in Turkey between 2011 and 2015. According to the study results; Migrants allowed to work in Turkey have a positive effect on the participation rate even if just a bit. From a gender perspective, it has been found that immigrants have positive effects on women's labor force participation rates. But, there has been no significant impact on the male labor force participation rate of migrants. In the study, there has been also found that the increase in the level of education of men has a positive effect on the labor force participation rate, while in women, it has been found to be a negative effect of the higher education graduation although the primary and high school graduation has a positive effect on the labor force participation rates.

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「深い学び」のための哲学カフェの実践 -「主体」概念と「私的な話題」に注目して

Author(s): Kenji Kawamoto / Language(s): Japanese Publication Year: 0

In recent years, it has been recommended "proactive, interactive, and deep learning" in the education fields from the viewpoint of Active Learning by the Japanese government. In this study, conceptually reconsidered the "proactive, interactive, and deep learning" and carried out practical activities based on that. First of all, it is considered the concept of "Subjectivity (SHUTAI)" and "Dialogue" philosophically, and then carried out the activity called "Philosophy Cafe" based on that consideration. The questionnaire survey after this activity has confirmed that students who did not participate actively, participated in dialogue more relaxedly in "Philosophy Cafe". From this result, it is insisted that a relaxed community such as Philosophy Cafe, which is different from the conventional school evaluation method, is useful for learner care.

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Hollanda’ya Göçün Hollanda Kimliğine Etkileri

Author(s): Mustafa Güleç / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında yeniden yapılanma sürecine giren Hollanda’da oluşan işgücü açığı, 1960’lı yıllardan itibaren Türkiye ve Fas gibi İslami kültürel coğrafyadaki ülkelerden getirilen düşük ücretli misafir işçiler (gastarbeiter) aracılığıyla kapatılmaya çalışıldı. Hollanda, söz konusu savaş sonrasında oluşan iş gücü açığını, bir taşla iki kuş vurma ilkesiyle, hem çok ucuz, hem de “geçici” (ya da “misafir”) işçi alımıyla kapatmak istedi. Sonuçta, ticari zihniyet, her zaman, yatırımı düşük, kârı ise en üst düzeyde tutmayı arzular (Güleç, 2015: 95).

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Kitlesel Akınlarda Geçici Koruma: Türkiye’deki Suriyeliler

Author(s): Esra Yılmaz Eren / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

BMMYK kayıtlı verilerine göre 2011 yılı bahar aylarından bu yana yaklaşık 4.7 milyon Suriyeli ülkesini terk ederek komşu ülkelere sığınmak mecburiyetinde bırakılmıştır. Bunlardan yaklaşık 2.6 milyonunun Türkiye’ye geldiği resmi kaynaklarca ifade edilse de kayıtlı olmayanlarla birlikte bu rakamların çok daha yüksek olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Türkiye, Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Kanununda geçici korumayı “ülkesinden ayrılmaya zorlanmış, ayrıldığı ülkeye geri dönemeyen, acil ve geçici koruma bulmak amacıyla kitlesel olarak Türkiye sınırlarına gelen veya sınırları geçen yabancılara sağlanabilecek koruma” (mad. 91) olarak tanımlamış ve ülkesinde barındırdığı Suriyeliler için geçici koruma statüsünü sağlamıştır.

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The Influence of the Context on Adopting Mobile Games in Learning EFL Vocabulary at a Saudi Female Class

Author(s): Madhawi Gh. Alharbi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Learning English is a significant issue worldwide. As Saudi students experienced a difficulty in learning new English words, new teaching methods have been introduced including mobile games. Though we live in a global world where learning and teaching issues became similar, different contexts affect the process of using mobile games in formal learning and this study’s purpose is to investigate the influence of the Saudi context on adopting mobile games in formal female classes. Total of 40 research participants, consisting of 33 students, 4 EFL teachers, 2 school principals and one EFL educational supervisor participated in this study. A mobile game was designed and programmed for the sake of this study. Data were collected from different sources, namely, interviews, focus group discussions and self-reflective essays. Collected data were analyzed qualitatively to yield the study’s results. Results showed that the Saudi social context has a significant influence and an important role in adopting mobile games in female classes. These results will assist other researchers in mobile games’ developers, educationalists in understanding the role of social context over adopting new teaching methods and in choosing or programming games for learning English or any other foreign language.

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Police Forces in BiH

Author(s): Marija Lučić-Ćatić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The issues of gender equality and equal opportunities for women are present in all aspects of life. These issues emerged in 1970s, gained in significance since then and became issues of national and international importance (Balgač, 2017). Although the issue of gender equality captures the attention of many science and research minded individuals, there are very few of those whose scientific interest focused on the position of women in the police structure, as a male dominated system. Such situation is evident in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) as well; however, improvement of the position of women in police structures, as one of the ways to integrate gender perspective in peace and security efforts, is gaining international recognition. The adoption of the UN Security Council Resolution 1325 “Women, Peace and Security” (2000) triggered a host of activities of global reach, with the view of increasing the level of participation of women in conflict resolution, peacekeeping and peacebuilding activities (Wise and Centre for Security Studies, 2017).

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When the Mask Falls Off – What will be the Gender of the Future?

Author(s): Lejla Gačanica / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As we are reading reports and recommendations on the impact the crisis caused by COVID-19 has on women, hoping that something would be done about it (or to be more precise: some things, having in mind many different ways in which the crisis impacts women), because of our inability to predict when the crisis would come to an end, we fall short to assess, foresee and prevent the consequences it will have on women. Once the time comes to take protective masks off, what will the future of women look like? How frail were the victories won prior to COVID-19 and can we still expect the future to be female?

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Policijske snage u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Marija Lučić-Ćatić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Pitanja rodne ravnopravnosti, ravnopravnosti spolova i jednakih mogućnosti za žene zastupljena su u svim aspektima života. Kao tema postala su važna 70-ih godina prošlog stoljeća, a od tada do danas su dobila na važnosti i postala pitanja od nacionalnog i međunarodnog značaja (Balgač, 2017). Iako pitanje rodne ravnopravnosti i ravnopravnosti spolova zaokuplja veliki dio znanstvenih i istraživačkih interesa, neveliki je broj onih koje zanima položaj žena u policijskim strukturama kao dominantnom muškom sustavu. Ovakvo stanje je evidentno i u Bosni i Hercegovini (BiH), no unapređenje položaja žena u policijskim strukturama, kao jedan od načina ugradnje rodne perspektive u mirovne i sigurnosne napore, postaje prepoznato na međunarodnom planu. Naime, usvajanjem Rezolucije Vijeća sigurnosti UN-a 1325 “Žene, mir i sigurnost” (2000) pokreće se niz aktivnosti na globalnom planu koje za cilj imaju povećanje sudjelovanja žena u rješavanju sukoba kao i u uspostavljanju i održavanju mira (Wise i Centar za sigurnosne studije, 2017).

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Kada padnu maske – kojeg će roda biti budućnost?

Author(s): Lejla Gačanica / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Dok čitamo izvještaje o tome kako kriza izazvana pandemijom COVID-19 utiče na žene, s nadom da će se tim povodom (ili preciznije: povodima, imajući u vidu na koliko načina i u kojim sve oblicima pogađa žene) nešto poduzeti, izmiče nam, zbog nemogućnosti da generalno predvidimo završetak krize, procijeniti, predvidjeti i prevenirati posljedice koje će ova kriza ostaviti upravo na žene. Kada dođe vrijeme za skidanje zaštitnih maski, kako će izgledati budućnost žena? Koliko su krhke bile izborene bitke prije pandemije, i da li i dalje možemo očekivati da je budućnost ‘ženskog roda’?

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