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Music Education and Musical-Sociological Research

Author(s): Bedřich Crha / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The current world which is nowadays commonly called globalized, postmodern, media, information, virtual, consumer etc. is typical of the significant change of music environment where new, unexpected and often unpredictable ways of working of different music types enter the relatively stable system of music in society, so called new dimension of music social existence. That requires a continuous theoretical reflection from music pedagogy as a starting point for further projection of the process of music education which is impossible without information of musical-sociological type on music activities and attitudes to music genres which present strong correlations with music preferences, especially in a wider context of values and value orientations. The significant source of this information might be the results of empiric surveys of individual university departments in the area of music science and music education which are the subject of this essay.

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Electronic Keyboard Instruments at Elementary School

Author(s): Radka Binderová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article "Electronic Keyboard Instruments at Elementary School" focuses on keyboards and their use in music education at elementary and lower secondary schools, specifically in the region of Znojmo. The article aims to determine whether there has been a change in the attitudes of teachers towards electronic keyboard instruments. Two comparative surveys called "Possibilities of Electronic Keyboard Instruments in music education" by the author will also be used. They were conducted in 2005 and 2012.

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Do Music Teachers Really Want to Teach?

Author(s): Lucie Sochorová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The study focuses on the music teachers' satisfaction with their professional career. It takes into account the results of researches on these issues (their motivation, social status, personal qualities, level of instrumental skills, etc.), which were conducted in the last years. It also touches the professional standard, that defines the key competences of teachers (pedagogical workers). The study is based on the survey results coming from the author's thesis.

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Korpusové zpracování korespondenčních textů: morfologické značkování

Author(s): Dana Hlaváčková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

This article summarizes the experience with the corpus processing of the corresponding texts. Attention is paid mainly to lemmatization, morphological tagging and disambiguation of texts with a high frequency of substandard linguistic phenomena. The procedure for necessary adjustments of morphological analyzer, the proportion of manual editing and the results obtained are specified.

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Dopisy jako výzva (Jazykovědný výzkum korespondence Boženy Němcové)

Author(s): Jaroslava Janáčková,Robert Adam,František Martínek,Alena Macurová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Božena Němcová’s Correspondence was analyzed firstly within the overall characterization of the writer’s style (namely by B. Havránek) and then as a confrontation background for textological research (A. Stich). Since 1990s, it has become subject to communication analysis and interpretation (A. Macurová, J. Janáčková, L. Saicová Římalová): the researchers’ attention has been drawn to the genre of private letter, to the presentation of the writer’s and addressee’s subjects, and to multilingualism. The work on a critical edition of correspondence both sent by and addressed to B. Němcová (2003–2007) induced special interest in the latter letters (R. Adam); besides Czech, newly also German was described (F. Martínek). Other descriptions dealt with word order (E. Hošnová) and spelling (R. Adam). To a minor extent, the correspondence was exploited as a documentary source.

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Biopower and Reproductive Biomedicine in the Czech Republic. A Sociological Perspective

Author(s): Iva Šmídová,Eva Šlesingerová,Lenka Slepičková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Biological reproduction concerns every one of us – we were all conceived, carried in the womb and we were born; most of us have children of our own. Reproduction is a sensitive and fundamental theme in the life of every person, it is the subject of heated discussions, both medical, academic and within the general public. Population studies, social politics, and demography have repeatedly given much attention to the issue of biological reproduction in the Czech population.

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Biopower, Life Itself and Reproductive Biotechnologies. The Concept of Life and the Genomization of Society

Author(s): Eva Šlesingerová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the following chapter, the conceptual tools and analytical framework mentioned in the previous text – mainly biopolitics/ biopower and the idea of life itself – will be reflected. Our analysis of Czech reproductive medicine presupposes a more extensive understanding of the social forces and forms of power (governmentality) which are defining, governing, and naming human embodiment in society and politics. Therefore, the concepts will be analysed in connection with social processes, such as the post/genomization of society and broader biosocial changes in our biosocial societies.

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Embryo and Stem Cells Manipulation – Czech Context. Bio-objects and Their Borderlines

Author(s): Eva Šlesingerová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the Czech documentary film Umění oplodnění (The Art of Fertilisation), which introduces the topic of assisted reproduction from different perspectives and view points, we could hear the following sentences about the miracle of conception and the scientific skills and abilities that enable this miracle to happen when the body is not working as it should: “When you realize how extremely sensitive the fascinating process of creating a new human is, one word comes to your mind: a miracle. So many factors have to work at once that it seems impossible. …Scientists… today can repair the broken life cycle to make it work.”

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Medicine as Reproduced Powerlessness: Everyday Life in Czech Reproductive Medicine from the Physicians’ Point of View

Author(s): Lenka Slepičková,Iva Šmídová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Since the end of the last century, social science research in medicine has focused primarily on the transformation or disappearance of the traditional attributes associated with the medical profession. These changes, dating from the second half of the century are described using terms such as professional decline (Annandale 1998), deprofessionalisation (Haug 1972) or proletarisation (McKinlay and Stoeckle 1988). The above-mentioned concepts emphasise the different causes of changes to the medical profession, but their description of the basic features of the changes is the same. The main sources of power in the medical profession, defined by Freidson (1988), such as autonomy, specified as the ability of medicine to exercise sovereign control over its own activities, and dominance, outlined as the medical control over other professions in health care, are weakened in relation to changes in medical practice.

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Establishing Trust – the Patient’s Responsibility. The Role of Trust between the Patients and the Doctors in Assisted Reproduction

Author(s): Lenka Slepičková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Trust, as the ability to rely on doctors and to believe that their behaviouris guided by the interests of the patient (Pearson and Raeke 2000), is one of the key elements of the relationship between the doctor and the patient which has persisted right up to the present in modern medicine. Trust is a key mechanism connecting doctors and patients, and is the foundation of professional autonomy in medicine (Fugelli 2001). Sick people have an increased need for trust which helps them cope with their existential angst, the risks, and the loss of control over their body, their social roles and the future (Fugelli 2001).

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Medical Childbirth Made in the Czech Republic: Required and Desired Practices

Author(s): Iva Šmídová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A vast majority of childbirths (99.8%) take place in health facilities and are supervised by medical doctors in the Czech Republic (ÚZIS 2013: 19-20). The report on “Mother and Newborn 2012” refers to the growing trend where childbirth is performed under the control of a physician/obstetrician (80.2%) as opposed to midwives (18.9%, ÚZIS 2013: 19 and Table 2.26.2, p. 87). As for the place of birth, only 245 children, out of the 107,430 children born in 2012 in the Czech Republic, were born outside of hospital (ÚZIS 2013: 20and 24). The report presents the data as a downward trend in the number of births outside of hospital, presenting such events generally as accidents, which is supported by the high proportion of premature births among them (Ibid.).

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Conclusion: Contemporary Challenges in Czech Reproductive Biomedicine

Author(s): Iva Šmídová,Lenka Slepičková,Eva Šlesingerová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Czech reproductive biomedicine is the bearer of the legacy of modernism, with its admiration for figures, technology, and science. It is also part of the late-modern deep social and cultural transformations that establish biosocieties or biosociality, as described by Paul Rabinow (Rabinow 1996). These transformations are not revolutionary; they are rather the product of the intensification of power that is inscribed in the very foundationsof modernity/the modern society. The power is biopower, which names, creates and controls life at the level of populations as well as at an individual level.

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ANALÝZA KANDIDÁTNÍCH LISTIN - A PROFESNÍ STRUKTURA REGIONÁLNÍCH POLITIKŮ

Author(s): Andrea Smolková,Monika Dvořáková,Michal Pink / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

After a brief introductory chapter, in the following chapter, Michal Pink, Monika Dvořáková, and Andrea Smolková analyze the candidate lists and the vocational structure of regional politics. Based on their research on candidate lists, and above all on those actually elected as regional representatives, they note that “It’s a Man’s World,” especially local and regional politicians who are not new to regional politics. When taking a second look at the group of representatives that are actually elected as opposed to those merely on party lists, the authors determine that those elected are slightly older, with representatives of KSČM being the oldest on average.

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STRANICKÉ FINANCOVÁNÍ A KRAJSKÉ VOLBY

Author(s): Vít Šimral / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

In the third chapter, Vít Šimral focuses on the regional elections in the context of party financing. His research details some rather interesting findings, including that the while party spectrum called for reforms in the system of party financing in the Czech Republic. Large as well assmall parties are faced with high costs of campaigns: parties elected to the Chamber of Deputies spent 5.85 billion Kč and took in 6.3 billion Kč inthe years between 2008 and 2012. As such, the majority of parties failed to create any financial reserves. They often conducted their activities with high rates of interest and overdrawn accounts, without which they would be unable to keep up with their opponents in the campaign.

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ANALÝZA PREFERENČNÍHO HLASOVÁNÍ

Author(s): Petr Voda / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

In Chapter 7, Petr Voda analyzes preferential voting, in particular the effect of a candidate in the 2010 regional elections, seeking an answer to the question of where the support for individual candidate comes from. Voters utilized the preferential vote relatively often in the regional elections ,with a minimum of a quarter of voters taking this step; this was even higher for voters in the Zlín Region as well as for voters of KDU-ČSL and the most diverse coalition groupings. In contrast, KSČM voters and voters in the largest regions used this tactic the least.

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Stranger Is Not Always Danger: The Myth and Reality of Meetings with Online Strangers

Author(s): Lenka Dedkova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This chapter deals with the topic of face-to-face meetings with people known only from the internet. First, the popularized picture of online strangers as online pedophiles searching for children on the internet is presented and contradicted to empirical evidence from actual internet-initiated sexual crimes with minors. Next, the chapter focuses on findings from the general population of young internet users and shows the typical meetings with online strangers as an activity which mostly happens among adolescent peers and only in a minority of the cases results in negative outcomes.

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Expert Evaluation of the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (2018). An Insight from Brussels.

Author(s): Mirela Veleva-Eftimova,Kaloyan Valentinov Haralampiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article presents one of the traditional instruments for developing a RPCEU evaluation -- interviews with foreign experts based in Brussels. In pursuance of this goal, the statement is structured around the accomplishment of three research objectives. First, defending the significance of the results of the conducted interviews with external experts in relation to the integral RPCEU assessment index. Second, explaining the questionnaire for conducting interviews and the selection of respondents. Third, a brief review of the obtained results of the integral RPCEU expert assessment index.

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Robots Impact on the Labor Market – Robots versus Humans and COVID-19

Author(s): Florian Râpan,Ivona RĂPAN / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Health, education, transport, government, real estate and other sectors are in the early stages of digital transformation and, as they transform, productivity continues to grow in Romania, but at a low rate compared to other EU member states. However, while these advantages and related benefits are important to the digitalization process, perhaps the most important benefit of Industry 4.0 is its impact on the economy, especially on productivity and overall economic output. The paper is an exploratory desk research based on surveys and specialized studies to build an image of the present and the future, against the background of disruptive technologies, digital transformation, robotics, automation in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemics. Nowadays, there is a completely issue of paradigm shift, robots will replace the human workforce, eliminating low-skilled jobs, workers being obliged to reorient their careers and retrain for the maintenance and monitoring of the robots, leaving them time to be creative for the growth productivity of the company, thus eliminating clerical work. Those who are highly qualified will benefit from high incomes and thus it will be created some inequalities, big revenues discrepancies between individuals, which will lead to an increase of tensions. The adapted statistics reveal a possible image of the labor market in the next years, in the pandemic context but also the negative and at the same time progressive impact on the economy and the society.

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Ethics within Psychiatry Objective and Subjective Approach

Author(s): Nicoleta-Elena Heghes,Cristina-Gabriela Schiopu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Psychiatry remains a borderline medical discipline between social systems, individual bio-psychological balance, physiological health, and law enforcement. Given all these implications, ethical implications become more complex and scientific borders can be outdated by subjective, moral or personal principles or by legal implications. From the simplest medical care to forensic psychiatry and scientific research, ethical problems are always torn between social welfare and patient’s welfare due to important particularity of the main functional unit of psychiatry: the patient with all his specific pathologic characteristics that affect civic and physiologic fundaments of social and medical bases: discernment and auto-conductivity. Whether it is a psychiatric disorder that affects the patient’s integrity or the integrity of the socio-familial matrix, the balance between social health and the patient’s life quality will end up in contradiction at some point, putting every institution involved in difficulty.

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Езикът на омразата

Author(s): Stoyka Penkova,Tanya Orbova,Dimitar Panchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The study sets itself the ambitious task of thematizing hate speech as a social phenomenon, which in different ways entails social actions of “doing” hate speech, and hence - (re)produces unequally distributed relations of power and domination over the Other.

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