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Jewish Hebrew Studies in the Czech Lands in the Pre-Enlightenment and Enlightenment Periods. Part II - Avigdor ben Simha of Glogau (Hlohov), a Grammarian of the Early Haskala

Author(s): Bedřich Nosek / Language(s): English Issue: 2/1990

This paper examines the history of Jewish Hebrew studies in the Czech lands in the pre-Enlightenment and Enlightenment periods, focusing on the figure of Avigdor ben Simha of Glogau, a grammarian of the early Haskala. Avigdor was a friend and follower of Moshe Mendelssohn, whose translation and commentary of the Torah he published in Prague. He also wrote his own grammar, "Davar tov", and a commentary on "Marpe lashon" by Moshe ibn Haviv. The paper analyzes Avigdor's approach to Hebrew grammar, biblical exegesis, and translation, as well as his poetic works. The paper also discusses the influence of Mendelssohn's ideas on the development of grammatical studies and literal translations of biblical texts in the Czech lands.

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Leopold Schnitzler: Prager Judendeutsch, Grafelfing bei München

Author(s): P. Trost / Language(s): German Issue: 1/1968

Review of: Leopold Schnitzler: Prager Judendeutsch, Grafelfing bei München, Gans Verlag. 1966

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Franz Janowitz

Author(s): Jiřina Hlaváčová / Language(s): German Issue: 2/1968

The paper is devoted to the life and work of the German poet of Jewish origin, Franz Janowitz (1892-1917). The contribution includes extracts from his poems in German.

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Jewish Hebrew Studies in the Czech Lands in the Pre-Enlightenment and Enlightenment Periods

Author(s): Bedřich Nosek / Language(s): English Issue: 1/1989

The author focuses his attention on Jewish grammatical studies in the Czech lands in the pre-Enlightenment and Enlightenment periods, and as for their representatives, above all on Hayyim ben Moshe Shaq, a Prague grammarian of the pre-Haskala period. Analysed here is Shaq’s grammar “Sefer Yad hayyim“ and its contents.

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Hana Volavková on Jewish Art and Monuments in Bohemia and Moravia

Author(s): Arno Pařík / Language(s): English Issue: 1/1989

PhDr. Hana Volavková worked in the war-time Prague Jewish museum and after the war became the first director of the State Jewish Museum. The author surveys her life and work in the museum and, as for her art historical papers, pays attention mainly to those dealing with Jewish art and relics. A selected bibliography is given.

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Communications

Author(s): Arno Pařík,Jarmila Škochová,Vladimir Sadek,Miroslav Kárný / Language(s): English,German Issue: 1/1989

- Ausstellung der Bilder Friedl Dicker-Brandeis (30. 7. 1898 - 6. 10. 1944) - “Il tesoro ebraico di Praga“ — an Italian exhibition from the collections of the State Jewish Museum - Teilnahme des Staatlichen jüdischen Museums an der Ausstellung in Essen - Vortrag des Univ.-Prof. Dr. Kurt Schubert in Prag - Eine neue Quelle zur Geschichte der tragischen Nacht vom 8. März 1944 - The State Jewish Museum Temporary Exhibition in the Year 1989

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Das Schicksal der Theresienstädter Osttransporte im Sommer und Herbst 1942

Author(s): Miroslav Kárný / Language(s): German Issue: 2/1988

In summer and autumn 1942 several transports left the Terezín concentration camp-ghetto. After having arrived in Minsk and Malý Trostinec the deportees were murdered by the Nazis. The paper draws on documents from the archives kept in the Institute for Modern History in Munich.

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The Origin of the Jewish Museum in Prague and the Tradition of Prague Jewish Studies (Summary of a Lecture)

Author(s): Vladimir Sadek / Language(s): English Issue: 1/1988

On November 22, 1986 the State Jewish Museum organized a conference to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the foundation of the Prague Jewish Museum in the year 1906. The conference, which was opened by the director of the State Jewish Museum, Mr Otakar Petřík, was devoted to the history and activities of the museum from its establishment to the tragic period of World War II. Part of the contributions also dealt with the activities of the State Jewish Museum founded in the year 1950, which in many ways follows the tradition of the pre-war Jewish Museum and continues its museological and scientific work

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Das Jüdische Museum in Prag (1906–1942)

Author(s): Arno Pařík / Language(s): German Issue: 1/1988

The document discusses the Jewish Museum in Prague and its history, particularly focusing on the period from 1906 to 1942. It details the challenges faced during the urban renewal of Prague’s Jewish Quarter and the consequent threat to its synagogues. The narrative highlights the efforts of Dr. Salomon Hugo Lieben and others in founding the museum to preserve Jewish cultural artifacts that could not be accommodated in the new synagogue. The museum’s establishment on July 1, 1903, is marked as a significant event, and the document outlines the museum’s objectives, including the collection and preservation of Jewish religious and cultural items, particularly from Prague and Bohemia. It also describes the museum’s early years, its struggle for financial support, and the eventual success in securing a permanent location. The museum’s focus on regional artifacts is emphasized as a unique aspect of its collection policy. The document also touches upon the museum’s organizational structure, membership, and financial strategies.

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Collections of the Central Jewish Museum (1942–1945)

Author(s): Markéta Petrášová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/1988

The major part of the collections of the present-day State Jewish Museum in Prague dates from the period of Nazi occupation of Bohemia and Moravia, when — in connection with the so-called final solution of the Jewish problem — the objects from Jewish households and synagogues from the whole Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia were directed to Prague. The collection of these materials linked up directly with the concentration and deportation of the Jews from the individual settlements and preceded the deportations which ended in the gas chambers of Oswiecim (Auschwitz). Heaps of synagogue curtains, scores of Torah finials, dozens of family portraits and an enormous number of other materials became the witnesses of the extinction of 136 Jewish religious communities) and their members.

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Drei Hebräische Drucke Gersonidischer Herkunft

Author(s): Martina Vodseďálková / Language(s): German Issue: 2/1987

The article discusses three Hebrew prints of Gersonide origin found in a collection of Venetian prints from the 16th and 17th centuries, which were not included in a previously published catalog. These prints are characterized by their ethical and apologetic nature, with one being the first Hebrew edition of the ethical work "Sefer ha-middot" by an unknown author, another being a defense of Judaism by Moshe ben Nahman, and the third containing sermons on morality by Jona Gerondi. The prints showcase the typographical and decorative styles of the Gerson printing family, particularly the work of Mordechai Zemah and his descendants, reflecting the evolution of book design and ornamentation during that period.

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Joseph Gutmann, The Jewish Life Cycle

Author(s): Vladimir Sadek / Language(s): English Issue: 2/1987

Review of: Joseph Gutmann, The Jewish Life Cycle (Iconography of Religions, ХХIII 1, Institute of Religious Iconography, State University, Groningen); Leiden, E. J. Brill, 1987; 36 pages + 48 pages of illustrations

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Hebrew Literary Sources to the Czech History of the First Half of the 17th Century. End of the Thirty Years’ War in the Testimonies of Contemporaries

Author(s): Jiřina Šedinová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/1987

The paper analyses the Hebrew chronicle “Milhama be-shalom“ describing the Swedish siege of Prague at the very end of the Thirty Years’ War, in July—October 1648. First the main sources concerning the event are mentioned, then attention is paid to the author of the chronicle, Yehuda Leb ben Yoshua of Prague, and the ways of his treating the subject are discussed. The end of the paper evaluates the chronicle as a source of historical information. There is also an Appendix of extracts from the chronicle translated into English.

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Exposition „Tableaux, gravures et vieilles photographies représentant les synagogues de Prague“

Author(s): Arno Pařík / Language(s): French Issue: 1/1987

Cette exposition saisonnière appartient à la série de celles que le Musée Juif d’Etat de Prague organise afin de rassembler l’iconographie de la Cité Juive de Prague et la documentation de ses monuments historiques ainsi que celle du patrimoine des communautés juives des banlieues de Prague.

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Literarisches Schaffen erwachsener Häftlinge im Konzentrationslager Theresienstadt, I. (Tschechische literarische Tätigkeit)

Author(s): Jarmila Škochová / Language(s): German Issue: 2/1984

The article belongs to the series devoted to the literary activities in Terezin. This time it is poems written by adults imprisoned in the Terezin concentration campghetto that are paid attention to. The first author mentioned is Oldřich Böhm. Four poems of his are published here, followed by eight poems Zdeněk Böhm. As for Pavel Friedmann, there are five poems, among them the famous “Butterfly“. Pavel Kantor, Jindřich Kraus, Ota Kraus and Maix Rosenzweig are also mentioned and two poems by each of them are added. Finally there is one poem by Jiří Stein. The poems are published in their original Czech version and translated into German.

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Réponses des rabbins (she’eloth u-teshuvoth) et leur importance dans le contexte de l’histoire des juifs aux pays tchèques

Author(s): Vladimir Sadek / Language(s): French Issue: 1/1984

The contribution pays attention to the most important responsive texts (she’eloth u-teshuvoth, shu”t) concerning the religious history of Jews in Bohemia and Moravia, their culture, etc. Besides their religious and legal importance, they are also historical sources. Medieval te(xts are discussed first (Yitshak bar Moshe Or Zarua, Asher ben Yehiel, Eliezer ben Nathan, Shelomo ben Abraham Adret, Yisrael Isserlein, Yisrael ben Hayyim Brunna, and others), then the main responsive texts dating from the 16th—17th centuries are characterized (Polish responsa, Menahem Mendel Krochmal, Yona ben Eliyahu Landsofer, and others). As for the 18th and 19th centuries, responsa by Ezechiel Landau, Shemuel Landau and Eleazar Fleckeles are mentioned.

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Vorgeschichte, Sinn und Folge des 23. Juni 1944 in Theresienstadt

Author(s): Miroslav Kárný / Language(s): German Issue: 2/1983

The article deals with the visit of the delegation of the International Red Cross to the Terezin concentration camp-ghetto on June 23, 1944. The author draws on numerous archives records and discusses the reasons why the Nazis had given the representative of the Red Cross permission to visit Terezin. He also deals with the tragic consequences of the fact that a delegate of the Red Cross International Committee was deceived by the Nazis. His positive report resulted, among others, in the liquidation of the family camp in Auschwitz-Birkenau, which no longer served its original purpose, i.e. that of concealing the reality.

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The Topographies of the Picture Collection at the State Jewish Museum. — II. The Old Jewish Cemetery in Prague in the Pictures of Romantic Artists of the 19th Century

Author(s): Arno Pařík / Language(s): English Issue: 2/1983

The paper is devoted to the artists who were interested in the Old Jewish Cemetery in Prague. It deals with both the painters and their pictures showing the place. Special attention is paid to the Czech painter Antonin Manes (1784—1843) and also to Jiři Adam Klein, Ludwig Richter, August Bedrich Piepenhagen, Bedřich Wachsmann, Maix Haushofer, Karl Wurbs, Vincent Mordstadt, Josef Hellich, etc.

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Communications

Author(s): Vladimir Sadek,Jarmila Škochová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/1986

The Exhibition “The Precious Legacy“ Has Been Transferred from the U.S.A, to Canada; Album “Slovakia 1939—1945 (We Will Not Forget)“

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Der jüdische Friedhof in Golčův Jenikov

Author(s): Vlastimila Hamáčková / Language(s): German Issue: 2/1985

Following a number of contributions published in Judaica Bohemiae, vol. XIX/1983, Nos. 1—2, and vol. XX/1984, No. 1, this paper, too, is devoted to a Jewish cemetery in the east of Bohemia. This time it is the cemetery at Golčův Jenikov. Similarly as in the previous cases, the cemetery and its tombstones dating from the 18th—20th centuries are described and examples of transcribed epitaphs published.

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