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Приемна грижа за деца със специални образователни потребности (поглед на социални работници и студенти педагози)

Author(s): Vyara Tsvetanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2021

The results of a survey conducted among social workers and student pedagogues on the social service “foster family”, awe as foster parents’ problems when caring for children with special educational needs are presented in this paper. There are no ready-made formulas for adequate and advanced social care for these children. The study focuses on the implementation of foster care preparation and conditions, considered as an alternative with a high coefficient of convenience for children with special needs. Several main problems of the interaction “foster parents – children” are outlined, as well as options for solutions.

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Диагностика на дигитални умения на студенти в контекста на компютърното моделиране

Author(s): Radoslava Topalska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2021

The introduction of a new required school subject such as Computer Modelling (hereafter CM) in the primary stage of education, as well as the decision to make primary school teachers responsible for that subject challenge one of the aspects of this change - the preparation of primary school educators to teach this subject. The present research offers the results of a study on the digital skills of students at the Faculty of pedagogy at South-West University Neofit Rilski, Blagoevgrad. It is specifically focused on the durability of the knowledge and skills the respondents need in order to teach Computer modelling, both of which were allegedly acquired during their secondary education (by current school leavers according to existing curricula). It is these skills and knowledge that serve as the basis for academic level accrual of the competencies to teach this subject in future.

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Education of Moral Culture of Student Youth in the Conditions of Polycultural Space

Author(s): Nataliia Bondarenko,Yevhen Rozdymakha,Lyudmila Oderiy,Anatoly Rozdymakha,Dilyana Arsova / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2021

Problems of morality have not lost significance in all times of human existence, but contained different accents in social manifestations. Modern anthropocentric tendencies of social life have also changed value orientations, because material values, human self-presentation in society, the desire for recognition as a manifestation of self-worth, somewhat level the spiritual, moral and ethical, cultural values. Therefore, consideration of the tasks of educating the moral culture of in a multicultural space is significant, especially today. The education of the moral culture of student youth in the spirit of universal ideals begins in early childhood, which is an important stage in human development. After all, at this time the necessary skills begin to form, such as: thinking, conscious perception of the world around and one's own place in it, communication with other people. The task of moral culture of student youth in a multicultural space is to build a process of transformation of socially significant norms, principles governing relationships, universal moral values into individual qualities and the formation on this basis of children's views and beliefs. The main attention is paid to emphasizing the importance of educating the moral culture of youth at the university in a multicultural space. The paper analyzes the scientific literature on the need for the process of educating the moral culture of youth at the university in a multicultural space. Methodical recommendations on successful education of moral culture of youth at the university in multicultural space are offered. It is concluded that the education of moral culture of student youth in a multicultural space is an organic part of the inner world of man and the world around him. This process determines the ethical, aesthetic, ideological values and norms, traditions, habits of the individual. It is manifested in lifestyle, behavior, thinking, attitude to work, the environment. Education of moral culture of student youth in the conditions of multicultural space in education is called to prevent formation of the one-dimensional person.

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Professional Development in Kosovo – Research of Training Programs and Tests

Author(s): Bekim Samadraxha,Veton Alihajdari,Ramë Likaj / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2021

Vocational Education Teachers are one of the main important assets for workforce development. This study of the workforce of VET teachers in selected partner countries has two main goals. The aim of this research is to evaluate the level of teacher’s development and training programs and test as well, to inform national policymakers about the situation and the needs of the VET teachers and, secondly, to help monitoring the implementation and the change of the teacher professional development. The methodology to be used is based on qualitative research methods, including interviews und surveys. A major focus of the survey is to enable policy makers to understand what is required to bring along improvements in the Continuing Professional Development (CPD) quality, effectiveness and responsiveness, as well as factors affecting teacher effectiveness in general, such as their motivation and career structure. Professional development for teachers and trainers is widely recognized as a vital tool for the educational reform. Research shows that the professional development can enduring improve the quality of teaching and learning, enhancing the effectiveness of education and training and providing added value to students, teachers and employers. There is no doubt about the importance of the Continuing Professional Development of VET teachers. Kosovo has for many years developed extensive policies to address this issue, and currently these policies are being implemented.

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Optimising The Reference Point Within A Journal Bearing Using Laser Alignment

Author(s): Guixin Fan,Natalia Nikolova,Kiril Tenekedjiev,Ty Aaron Smith / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

This paper observes different alignment conditions in a journal-bearing-supported machine (i.e. propeller bearings within the stern tube of a marine vessel). A test rig is built so that the driven machine has fixed supports, roller bearings in an electrical motor. An alignment tolerance is met at the coupling of the journal, which is positioned within three journal bearings. This research can be applied to any industry with machines of the same characteristic. The journal bearings are designed to simulate the large tolerance seen in a vessel’s stern tube only for lubrication control oil is used for the bush bearings. Various sensors are placed on the test rig to record data for later machine analysis. Using proximity probes and accelerometers the vibration of the journals and ball bearings can be visualised using orbital plotting and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) through both LabVIEW and MATLAB respectively. Four alignment procedures are applied to the coupling using a laser unit. The first two will be so that the offset and angular misalignment is produced in the FFT spectrums as per ISO10816 Mechanical vibration so that a reference point is formed for the test rig. The other two alignment procedures represent current industry practice. These procedures are then compared to see which is the preferred reference point that will optimise the reliability value of a whole system. Finding the procedure with minimal vibration will increase the design life of housing structures for such machines, which will increase the overall profit of the shipping industry. Our developments and procedures will be further utilized in practical classes to improve maritime engineering education.

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Some Problems Related To The Exploitation Of Automated Container Terminals

Author(s): Yana Gancheva / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

Automation is considered as the basis for the introduction of the fourth industrial revolution in ports and for the implementation of a number of innovations. Often the actual results of container terminal automation do not match the expectations of terminal operators. Through the application of scientific methods of investigation – monitoring, comparative analysis, analysis and synthesis of existing publications on the subject – some problematic issues have been established, such as the lack of common standards, pressure by trade unions, processing of exceptions, etc., calling into question the implementation of any good automated terminal project. The synergistic approach in the modeling, construction and exploitation of automated container terminals leads to the conclusion that, on one hand, a solution to the above issues should be sought in the cooperation between all port stakeholders (automation system manufacturers, software developers, terminal and logistics operators, carriers). On the other hand, the competitiveness of automated container terminals depends on the skills of the port specialists. They must be prepared for the monitoring, analysis and management of automated systems, they must be adequately qualified for the integration of systems and for the processing of exceptions, they must be able to foresee the consequences of each of their actions for the whole system.

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Green Ports – Environmental Challenges And Economic Demands

Author(s): Georgi Gilev,Dimitar Dimitrakiev / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

The article defines the term Green Ports as a part of logistics chain and the transport networks are under sustainable development and process optimization. Port expansion should always be considered in the context of environmental legislation and its implementation in different national laws.

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Multilevel Demand For Sea Transportation. Correlation Between Baltic Dry Index (Bdi) And Coaster Shipping Prices For Sea Routes Between Baltic Seaports And Mediterranean Seaports

Author(s): Svetlana Dimitrakieva,Ognyan Kostadinov,Christiana Atanasova / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

Baltic Dry Index (BDI) reflects the prices of sea transport performed by Capesize, Panamax, Supramax and Handysize bulk carriers only. The prices of the transport with vessels of smaller tonnage are not considered in the calculation of BDI, therefore principally it should be assumed that BDI does not refer to a tonnage different from the observed. On the other hand, the demand for maritime transport services depends on the state of international trade of goods. Generally, the international market of goods is common for all ship types and tonnages. In the production processes starting from the extraction of raw materials till the sale of finished products to end customers; it can be done by several transport carriages in succession, which provide the intermediate production stages. Transport demand is secondary and depends on international trade, but on the other hand, this demand is multilevel. From an economic point of view, it is important to study the interrelationships between maritime transport providing the intermediate production stages, from the extraction of raw materials till the sale of the final goods.

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Review Of The Current Increase Of Noise Unit Cost Values In Transport

Author(s): Luka Vukić,Ivan Peronja,Mihaela Bukljaš,Alen Jugović / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

Until recently marginalized, noise pollution has become a significant source of external transportation costs. Noise costs have currently reached a respectable share of 7%, an increase of 3.5 times in the last five years. No other item of external transport costs shows even close to such growth, and the total increased by only 8% in the same period. Raising awareness of the harmfulness of this kind of contamination has contributed to better perception and detection of noise. Stricter and more thorough valorization of traffic noise has led to an increase in the share of external noise costs. Using or installing expensive noise protection equipment and new knowledge about the noise harmful effects on health contribute to the same trend. Noise pollution should be considered as an obligatory item in the assessment of sustainability in modern transport today.

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Target Detection For Visual Collision Avoidance System

Author(s): Miro Petković,Danko Kezić,Igor Vujović,,Ivan Pavić / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) and Automatic Radar Plotting Aids (ARPA) are commonly used to detect targets for collision avoidance. However, AIS cannot detect targets without AIS transmitters and ARPA has limitations due to blind sector and small targets may not be detected. Advances in computer performance and video-based detection generated much interest in developing intelligent video surveillance systems to achieve autonomous navigation. To develop a reliable collision avoidance system, we propose the use of a visual camera for real-time object detection and target tracking. Moreover, the system should follow the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) to avoid catastrophic accidents. In this paper only a part of the system is presented. For real-time object detection, the You Only Look Once (YOLO) ver. 3 convolutional neural network is used, and the target tracking filter based on a Kalman filter with built-in estimated relative position and velocity.

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New Results For Teaching Ship Handling Using Fast Time Simulation

Author(s): Knud Benedict,Michèle Schaub,Michael Baldauf,Michael Gluch,Matthias Kirchhoff,Caspar Krüger / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

Some years ago, the SAMMON software tool box was introduced for “simulation augmented manoeuvring design, monitoring & conning”. It is based on the innovative “rapid advanced prediction & interface technology” (RAPIT) to simulate the ships motion by fast time simulation FTS with complex dynamic math models and to display the ships track immediately in an electronic sea chart for any rudder, thruster or engine manoeuvre planned by the navigator. Specifically, the SAMMON planning tool will be shown in its opportunities for achieving new knowledge for teaching of ships dynamic and training of ship handling elements. That system represents the full information from ships’ manoeuvring documentation and from additional trial results squeezed in a ship dynamic model, capable of simulating environmental effects by using the RAPIT technology. The paper introduces the variety of opportunities of the training tools by presenting use case studies, e.g. For drifting under wind and how to get simple formulas for drift speed related to wind speed. Additionally, two complex manoeuvring strategies for a port arrival scenario will be compared for a ship with azimuth propeller to find out potential alternatives with less fuel consumptions and emissions.

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Approach To Ship’s IT And OT Systems Cybersecurity Improvement

Author(s): Stoyno Stoynov,Borislav Nikolov / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

Daily cyber-attacks on ships’ IT and OT systems are not a rare occurrence anymore. This has been taken into account in recent years and the IMO has issued directives and circulars with recommendations for increasing the cybersecurity of ship information systems as part of the overall ship security system. The effect of a successful cyber-attack of any kind, on elements of the ship’s IT and OT systems, can have a disastrous impact not only on the ship itself but also on the environment. While modern ships can be designed and all modern methods implemented to reduce and prevent the possibility of cyber-attacks onboard existing ships, it is not possible to achieve this security level and it is necessary to implement various solutions. At the same time, the ships’ crew is declining worldwide and most ships do not have IT officers or trained staff onboard to maintain the ship’s information systems. Because of that, the solutions that need to be put in place to increase the security of ship’s information systems must be easy to implement, use, and maintain. This article examines the need and some technical solutions that can be used to improve the cybersecurity of ship’s IT and OT systems in response to the existing cyber-attacks and threats in the global shipping and maritime industry.

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Potential Benefits Of Electricaly Driven Ferry, Case Study

Author(s): Tina Perić,Ladislav Stazić,Karlo Bratić / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

There have been several news articles in the newspapers lately about the introduction of electrically powered ferry boats in Croatia, especially on several shorter routes. This introduction will require serious investigation into potential benefits and also into potential drawbacks to determine if a solution is viable or not. One of those shorter ferry routes in Croatia is a route from peninsula Pelješac to the island of Korčula. The route at the moment is operated by one ferry, driven by four independent propellers, each driven by one diesel engine. This paper is addressing one small aspect of problems, assessing potential benefits of the conversion of a ferry (or replacement with electrically driven ferry) on the mentioned route to electrical power and the impact on the local area due to the reduction of all exhaust gas emissions.

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Situational Awareness – Key Safety Factor For The Officer Of The Watch

Author(s): Hrvoje Jaram,Pero Vidan,Srdan Vukša,Ivan Pavić / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

One of the main causes of many maritime accidents are errors caused by the human element. Analysis of many maritime accidents at sea shows that situational awareness is one of the most important safety factors. The purpose and objective of this paper is to define the concept, importance and application of situational awareness throughout history until today. It also aims to highlight the high level of situational awareness as an important safety factor possessed by the Officer of the Watch and the overall importance of the same in the maritime domain. It is important to define the role of International Maritime Organization and the World Health Organization in relation to seafarer regulations and situational awareness. To identify the prevalence of low situational awareness as a root cause of accidents through the analysis of statistical data. To demonstrate the consequences of low situational awareness among ship’s crew through examples of tragic maritime accidents, along with identifying human and organizational factors that significantly reduce situational awareness. By defining the role and application of maritime training and modern technological solutions in the efforts to prevent maritime accidents and improve the situational awareness of ship officers. The questionnaire was conducted with the aim of collecting data on the importance of situational awareness from the experienced mariners as a target group. The questionnaire also aimed to obtain more detailed information about the effectiveness offered by modern technological solutions to improve situational awareness. Based on the collected information, arguments and assertions about situational awareness as an important safety factor for the Officer of the Watch, safety recommendations are presented.

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Applicability Of The Ooda Loop Theory For Analysis Of Human Error Processes In The aritime Safety

Author(s): Boyan Mednikarov,Siyana Lutzkanova / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

The publication evaluates the applicability of John Boyd's OODA Loop (observe-orient-decide-act) theory for the analysis of human error in the maritime industry. The predominant share of human error among the range of maritime safety issues is revealed. The interdependence between the different phases of the OODA Loop to achieve the desired state of maritime safety is studied, namely the correct actions in each of the implemented cycles. So, the paramount importance of situational awareness as a prerequisite for safety is proven. The mechanisms for manifestation of other factors endangering maritime safety are also analyzed, such as: lack of competence, fatigue, stress, etc. In conclusion, the role of the time factor in the realization of the OODA Loop is assessed and in this context, approaches are offered to increase the possibility for realization of a quality loop.

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Дискусионни моменти, свързани с обучението по статистика като дял от математиката в училищното образование

Author(s): Margarita Lambova,Vanya Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

Reflections on problematic moments in the teaching of statistics as a part of mathematics school education are presented. The article concerns problems related to the predominant approach, on one hand the inclusion of statistics in school education, in which statistics is perceived as a part of mathematics, and on the other hand to the definition of the conceptual framework, ignoring the requirements of measurement theory and the lack of a systematic approach in teaching, as consequence of the configuration of the curriculum. In accordance with the set goal, an argumentation of the defended thesis is presented – the current approach approved through the curriculum prevents the development of systematic and logically consistent knowledge about the collection, processing and analysis of statistical information.

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Necessity for Inclusion of Bad Posture Corrective Exercises Sets in Physical Education and Sport Classes at Bulgarian Universities

Author(s): Petya Hristova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

For the past thirty years, there is a high incidence of postural and spinal disorders among young people worldwide as well as in Bulgaria. Currently, in Bulgaria, there is no legally assigned structure responsible for the regular screening and prevention of these abnormalities in the rising generation. In many Bulgarian universities in PE and Sport classes students practice one kind of sport. There are some sports, which are recommended in postural and early stages of spinal disorders, and others, which could worsen the condition. The study aimed to establish university students’ awareness of their postural/spinal status, and whether they experience the most common symptoms of postural/spinal disorders – pain, soreness, stiffness in particular parts of the body. The results show that almost half of 400 students have never been examined, and nearly 60% experience the typical postural/spinal disorders, symptoms. The authors recommend posture corrective exercise sets to be included in PE and Sport classes at universities as well as there establishment of legally assigned structure responsible for the regular screening and prevention of postural and spinal distortions.

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The Regionalization of European Security and Defense Policies in the Maritime Domain: the Black Sea Case

Author(s): Siyana Lutzkanova / Language(s): English Issue: 7s/2021

The specific regional dynamics of maritime security environment in EU raise the question whether and to what extent the processes of “regionalization of security” need to be implemented within the principles of current CSDP (Common Security and Defense Policy) and European maritime security strategy. Joint civil-military concept of operations on regionalization of CSDP action in different regions like Saher Mali or Sahel Nigeria are good examples of tackling specific regional threats with individual regional approach based on the main strategic interests of the EU. The unification of policies based on international regulations in the maritime domain are examined in the context of the very specific regional aspects of the European national maritime spaces. Some examples of Black Sea maritime security issues are analyzed with the question to which extent basic assumptions of the current CSDP and European maritime security strategy are applicable to the challenges of the current security environment in this region. The levels of sustainability and resilience are connected to the processes of democracy development, some socio-demographic characteristics of the region and even cultural-civilizational aspects. Those assumptions are especially important in the context of state’s resilience capabilities for preservations of basic state functions in times of crisis occurrence and crisis management. Another point is the possibility to use the regionalization security process as “window of opportunity” to set new agenda for possible mitigation of tensions between the Black Sea EU members and non EU-members in the region.

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Отклонения в усвояването на ударението от студенти медици от славянски страни и подходи за тяхното преодоляване

Author(s): Teodora Valova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

The current article represents some research in the drawbacks and violations of placing the correct word stress by foreign students, coming from other Slav countries, while reading in a loud voice. What is being analyzed is the pedagogical observation as well as the statistical public inquiry that took place between 2017 and 2021 among 54 M.Sc. students from the Department of Medicine at The Medical University – Pleven. All relevant data, based on the research work, differentiate into subcategories the fluctuations in the application of the accent norm. The results from the priority arrangement as regards the five factors, having an impact on the correct oral output, have been summarized according to their difficulty rate from 1st to 5th grade. In the teaching programme, the necessity for distinct accent rules and regulations has been duly reasoned. It is very important, within each and every module, for one to offer additional lexico-grammatical exercises and phonological assignments which could facilitate teaching the Bulgarian word stress and automate its precise use in the verbal communication for medical purposes.

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Учебно съдържание по химия и опазване на околната среда – нови изисквания и възможност за професионална реализация

Author(s): Simona Angelova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

The modern educational system changes the laws and regulations, requiring from students to acquire knowledge, skills, and qualities to serve them later both at university and workplace. The idea that students should be able to choose two additional profiling subjects for detailed study in XI and XII grades gives them the floor to prepare themselves for their career development. To accomplish this, teachers and students need working materials, made in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Education and Science and the universities. The proposed model of providing learning content in Chemistry and Environmental Protection covers the curricula for the second stage in secondary education with new emphasis on the areas of professional focus in higher education. The model is tailored to the requirements of the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science and is divided into four modules. The new moments in the learning content model are thematic structure, methods of analysis and chemical production, integrated in the topics, computer modeling programs, possibility of application in the development of professionally-focused components of learning content.

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