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Sobering after a „Grim Wedding” – a Realistic Evaluation of Hungary’s Accession to the European Union

Author(s): Krisztina Arató / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The second round of the eastern enlargement of the European Union has been completed. Since 1st of May, 2004, the EU has had 25 member states, after January 1, 2007 we already talk about EU27. Thus, a half-century-dream came true: most Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) joined one of the centres of world economy, and they got closer to chances of political stability, economic development and – simply – a better life.

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Stanje srpske privrede u poređenju sa bivšim republikama dvadeset godina nakon raspada SFRJ

Author(s): Isidora Beraha,Sonja Đuričin / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The main objective of the paper is to analyze the economic position of Serbia i. e. to evaluate the current level of development of the Serbian economy in comparison to the economies of the former Yugoslav republics. It is evident that two decades after the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) former republics are facing rather inconvenient economic trends, of which the most important are unsatisfactory level of actual Gross domestic product (GDP), high unemployment and foreign trade deficits, insufficient foreign direct investments (FDI) and growing indebtedness. Bearing in mind that the above economic trends are caused by different levels of economic development of the individual republics, different political and economic circumstances as well as the dynamics and the way they implemented a comprehensive reform of economic and political life in order to shift from a centrally planned to a market based economy and integrate into the European Union (EU), paper reviews the historical events that followed the disintegration of SFRY and the basic characteristics of the transition of former Yugoslav republics.

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A ‘Happy’ Coincidence: Cognitive Capitalism and Well-Being Enhancement in Schools

Author(s): James Reveley / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

‘Almost certainly we are witnessing a shift to...a market individualism of neoliberalism where the self is shaped as a utility maximiser, a free and contractual individual, who is self-constituted through the market choices and investment decisions that he/she makes....In the face of increasingly technical and functional forms of literacy and of schooling, we might inquire whether school in an age of consumerism promotes a relation to the self based on truth-telling or whether this relation has been replaced by another primary ethos: happiness, security, survival, success, ‘self-improvement,’ wealth.’ (Besley and Peters, 2007: 18)

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DEMOGRAPHICS AND THEIR ROLE IN GLOBAL ECONOMY

Author(s): Doina Mureşan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A declining population implies economic consequences. Why? Because oil consumption will drop and sales will drop as well. Because the global economy depends on the industrialized world and the national GDP will be lower. The paradox is that the global economy can slow down its pace, but people in the developed countries of the world will do better than before. Why? Because a less crowded country means less resource reliance, less pollution, fewer traffic jams, and more space. Can we talk of a future crisis as a consequence of the demographic decline in the developed world?

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Više politike nego poslova

Author(s): Dimitrije Boarov / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

U ovom radu razmatraju se ekonomski odnosi Srbije i Rusije na početku XXI veka u kontekstu nominovanog „evropskog puta” srpske politike i tradicionalnog „političkog prijateljstva” srpskog i ruskog naroda, na slovenskoj i pravoslavnoj osnovi. Glavna hipoteza je da su ekonomski odnosi Rusije i Srbije u suštini od marginalnog značaja ne samo za Rusku Federaciju nego i za Republiku Srbiju, te da oni ne daju gotovo nikakvu podlogu za proširivanje saradnje dve države, to jest ne pružaju realističnu perspektivu u kojoj bi privredna saradnja Srbije sa Rusijom bila bilo kakva alternativa njenom uključivanju u Evropsku uniju.

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№217. The European Council Summit and the Political Economics of the EMU Crisis

Author(s): Cezary Wójcik,Christian Fahrholz / Language(s): English

Roger Ailes, a former advisor to Ronald Reagan ,recalls in his book an intriguing practice of the ancient Romans: when they finished building a bridge or an arch, they enforced accountability by placing the engineer in charge beneath the construction when the scaffolding was removed. If the edifice did not hold, he was the first to know. We do not follow such drastic practices these days in Europe, but with some European economies shaking and the Greek sovereign debt crisis still not over, the architecture of the euro area has been certainly come under severe stress. Unfortunately, the 28-29 October2010 European Council Summit has not made this architecture much safer.

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№234. The Case for ‘more Single Market’

Author(s): Jacques Pelkmans / Language(s): English

With the Commission’s consultation period on the Single Market Act (European Commission, 2010) nearing its end, it is high time for the EU to get its act together. Priority should immediately be restored to theissue of the Single Market, and EU powers to deepen and widen the internal market, where economically justifiable, ought to be utilized to the full. This CEPS Policy Brief explains why.

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Vliv krajských samospráv na rozvoj regionů

Author(s): Jan Šelešovský,Marek Pavlík / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The paper examines the problem of the influence of self-government on regional development. We discuss the role of strategic documents and other programming activities and its impact on the basic economic indicators and the property of regions. The paper shows partial results of research of regional policy especially related to the property issues.

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Administrative Costs of Taxation in the Slovak Republic

Author(s): Ladislav Pompura / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Administrative costs of taxation are for many years investigated by the economic theory and practice. They are connected with the principle of effectiveness of taxation and the goal for any state is to collect taxes relatively as cheap as possible. The goal of this paperis to present our data about the administrative costs of taxation in Slovakia and to compare results with the situation in other developed countries. We decided to use the already existing and tested Czech methodology to calculate results, to be able to obtain comparable data. Our results suggest that the administrative costs of taxation in Slovakia, expressed by the percentage of costs to tax revenues, are higher than in almost all comparable countries – some actions to improve this situation would be necessary.

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Място на ислямската икономика сред теориите за политическа икономия

Author(s): Miroslav Kamdzhalov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Over the last few decades, a global revival of the Islamic economy is observed. Islamic economics and finance are not unusual terminology and philosophy at present. Since the last global financial crisis (2007- 2008), a great deal of attention has been paid to this issue by a number of scientists and specialists around the world. There is a striving to identify a new economic paradigm with the pretense of finding a solution to existing economic problems. Predominantly Islamic, but not only, scientists are arguing about the ability of the Islamic economy to turn into the political and economic science of finding the necessary solutions. The purpose of this publication is to point out facts and try to compare the contemporary Islamic economics to the other political economies.

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THE SILVER ECONOMY AS A CONSTRUCTIVE RESPONSE IN PUBLIC POLICY ON AGING

Author(s): Andrzej Klimczuk / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper presents the concept of the „silver economy” as an economic system related to population aging and underlines the features of this policy idea. The study first introduces the discourse and stages of constructing this system by international and national public policy actors in aging. Next, a critical analysis of the dimensions and areas of implementation and development of the silver economy as a policy concept was carried out as well as a review of its external and internal limitations. The conclusion contains proposals for further research directions.

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Euro and its Contribution to the European Integration

Author(s): Dilara Sülün / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The full monetary union by 2000 was considered as a huge advancement in the European political and economic integration. Despite big oppositions to the ratification of common currency and to the monetary union in some countries, the “single currency and the monetary union” was finally ratified and enforced on 1 November 1993.

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Beşeri Sermaye, Kamu Harcaması ve Ekonomik Karmaşıklık İlişkisi: Nedensellik Analizi

Author(s): Ayşe Arı / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

In this study, we investigated the impacts of human capital and public expenditures on economic complexity. For this aim, Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) causality test was used. We used the data of 6 countries (Denmark, Finland, Austria, Italy, Sweden, England) among 15 European Union countries and the years from 2000 to 2015. In the study, 2 variables were preferred as the human capital indicator. Considering the secondary school enrollment rate to represent human capital, a bidirectional causality relationship was found between economic complexity and human capital. When the he ratio of highly educated labor force was applied to represent human capital, one-way causality from educated labor force to economic complexity was determined. Similarly, two variables were used to analyze the effect of government expenditures on economic complexity. The first one is the sum of government education and health expenditures. The second variable is total government expenditure. Results of the analysis showed that there is a one-way causality running from government expenditure to economic complexity for both variables. As a conclusion, it is seen that knowledge and education are important in exporting complex products. In addition, it can also be stated that authorities can contribute to economic complexity by increasing public expenditures. In sum, policies implemented in order to encourage human capital and increase public expenditures may positively affect the production and export of technology and knowledge-intensive products.

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Makroekonomik Kuramlar ve Ekonomik Sistemler

Author(s): Hasan Alpago / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

In the globalizing world economy, a controlled free market mechanism dominates under the auspices of the state. This mechanism is based on an economic and political system in which property, commerce and industry are controlled by private owners rather than the state for profit. However, as seen during the COVID 19 pandemic process, the state needs to step in as a regulator in case the private sector loses its functions partially or completely due to economic, health, legal and security-related problems. On the other hand, macroeconomic theories are based on the development of a balance and sustainable policy at the point of meeting the endless needs of scarce resources. These macroeconomic theories are shaped in the light of liberal and socialist ideas. However, both liberal and socialist macroeconomic policy practices have been the subject of intense criticism in every period. In addition, as the economic and social developments in the world have gained a global dimension, Keynesian mixed macroeconomic models are gaining weight instead of purely liberal or socialist macroeconomic policies. Due to this importance of the subject, liberal and socialist macroeconomic theories are examined with a comparative analysis in this study. Thus, whether these theories are alternative, complementary or contradictory to each other has been evaluated within the framework of their common aspects and basic differences. These evaluations suggest making a conscious choice in the economic policy-making process. Since the subject has been comprehensively evaluated with a wide literature review and a descriptive evaluation in the study, it foresees to make an important contribution to the field.

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The revitalisation of the Silk Road: Theoretical Challenges and Policy implications

Author(s): Canan Çetin / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Considered as the ‘Heartland of the World’ by Mackinder, Central Asia has an essential influence on the power dynamics of the world. With the advantage of the revitalisation of the ancient Silk Road, Russia, United States of America, European Union, China and Turkey have different outcomes with their policy implications on the framework of complex interdependency. Due to the different bargaining powers, vulnerabilities and purposes of the states, each power has focused on the region in a different way. So, this paper aims to analyse the power dynamics on the region via revitalisation of the Silk Road on the concept of complex interdependency. Within the selected articles and journals, literature reviews for the theoretical framework and policy papers for the policy implications is used to deepen the analysis. To do so, the complex interdependency model will be analysed under three different aspects to explain its policy implications on the region, such as economic dimension, energy security section and human rights and democratization issues.

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Prekarnost, prekarijarnost i invaliditet

Author(s): Eva Feder Kittay / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Neoliberalna politička ekonomija promovira liberalni ideal građanke/ građanina i radnice/radnika kao nezavisne i samodostatne osobe. Iako liberalizam može, makar u teoriji, održavati više ili manje velikodušan sistem podrške za one koji moraju zavisiti od tuđe njege, neoliberalizam iscrpljuje takve sisteme i umjesto njih kreira slabe i kažnjavajuće politike. Osobe koje ne mogu “ispuniti” očekivanja, a mnogi od nas u nekom trenutku našeg života ne mogu, omalovažavaju se kao zavisne osobe i, s mogućim izuzetkom veoma mladih, podložne su stigmi i sramu. Osoba sa invaliditetom koja zavisi od njege drugih i osobe koje pružaju njegu postoje u ekonomskom, društvenom i političkom poretku koji potiskuje “neizbježne zavisnosti”1 u privatnu domenu i tjera svakog od nas da nosi ono što ću ovdje nazvati “teret (neizbježnih) zavisnosti” individualno, a ne kolektivno. Ovo stanje je pojačano u neoliberalnim političkim ekonomijama.

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Prekarijarnost, prekarnost, prekarijat, prekarizacija i društvena redundancija: Utemeljena mapa etike brige

Author(s): Andries Baart / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Premda se koncept prekarnosti proteže daleko izvan Nizozemske–zapravo je postao svjetska pojava–počet ću sa jednim sjajnim primjerom iz te zemlje. On će ilustrirati jedan od fenomena o kojima ću detaljnije govoriti u globalnom kontekstu.

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Namjerna prekarnost? O odnosu između etike brige, dobrovoljne prekarnosti i dobrovoljne jednostavnosti

Author(s): Carlo Leget / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U svojoj knjizi State of Insecurity: Government of the Precarious (Stanje nesigurnosti: vlada prekarnog), Isabell Lorey (2015) razlikuje tri verzije prekarnosti. U prvoj verziji postoji egzistencijalna dimenzija “prekarnog života” koji je postao poznat po istoimenoj knjizi Judith Butler (2004). Odnosi se na ranjivost svakog ljudskog bića, koja je ukorijenjena u ljudskoj tjelesnosti i smrtnosti, a povezana je sa brigom i reprodukcijom. Ova verzija prekarnosti poznata je etici brige i opisuje ljudsko stanje iz perspektive etike brige.

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Etika brige i prekarno sepstvo: Politika erosa u neoliberalnom dobu

Author(s): Sacha Ghandeharian / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U članku iz 2017. godine, Joan Tronto predlaže da učinkovita kritika neoliberalizma kao skupa političko-ekonomskih struktura, praksi i ideologija počinje zajedničkim poimanjem osoba “kao homines curans (brižnih ljudi)” (27). Kao što Tronto piše, “Neoliberalizam se otkriva kao ideologija suočena s etikom brige” (37). Zaista, mnogo je napisano o načinu na koji je neoliberalizam oblikovao “organizaciju resursa i odnose brige” (Hoppania i Vaittinen 2015, 77) i o tome kako povratak relacijskoj ontologiji koja podržava etiku brige, kao moralna i politička teorija, podrazumijeva temeljitu kritiku upravo tih društvenih, političkih i ekonomskih struktura i ideologija (npr. Casalini 2018; Hoppania i Vaittinen 2015; Robinson 2010, 2015; Tronto 2017). Relacijska ontologija stavlja odnos u prvi plan kao najznačajniju temu za moralno razmatranje, za razliku od atomističke ontologije koja privilegira pogled na subjekte kao autonomne agente. Ovo poglavlje doprinosi tom razgovoru istražujući kapacitet etike brige da se odupre neoliberalizmu i/ili posluži kao protuotrov za njega. To čini s posebnim fokusom na pitanje subjektivnosti u smislu pojma prekarnosti. Tvrdim da će robusnija teorija subjektivnosti, koja ima prekarnost u svom centru, pomoći etici brige time što će poslužiti kao teorijska polazna tačka s koje se može oduprijeti silama neoliberalizma.

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Zaključak: Briga kao responzivna infrastruktura

Author(s): Maurice Hamington,Michael Flower / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Ovaj projekt stavljanja brige i prekarnosti jedne naspram druge počeo je krajem 2018. godine. U godinama razvoja knjige koje su uslijedile pojavili su se novi i moćni izvori prekarnosti. Pogodila nas je globalna pandemija i izbili su rasni nemiri. Ti novi izazovi nisu umanjili druge postojeće prijetnje poput destruktivnih klimatskih promjena, rasprostranjenih nezdravih obrazaca prehrane, degradacije okoliša i nepravedne raspodjele bogatstva. Međutim, bolest uzrokovana koronavirusom 2019. godine (COVID-19) i svjetski protesti inspirirani pokretom Black Lives Matter (Životi crnaca su važni) stavili su nove slojeve prekarnosti u prvi plan. Analiza ovih novonastalih zabrinutosti naglašava esencijalnu premisu ove knjige: prekarijarnost života pogoršavaju individualistički i tržišno utemeljeni odgovori koji ne uspijevaju integrirati empatiju i brigu za ljude i prirodni svijet. Pregled evolucije nedavnih događaja otkriva koliki dio prekarnosti u svijetu je stvorio čovjek i koliko je se može spriječiti. U ovom posljednjem poglavlju ukazujemo na odgovor pun nade koji se zasniva na brizi.

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