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KEY FINDINGS ››› In Member States there are various forms of cooperation between customs and border guards: Strategic planning, communication and exchange of information, coordination of workflow at border crossing points (BSPs), joint risk analysis, joint criminal investigations, joint special operations and control outside BCPs („blue” and „green” borders), use of joint mobile groups, joint professional training. ››› Cooperation aims to enhance effectiveness of securing the external borders of the EU and the Customs Union, as well as efficiency that makes best use of the limited financial resources of the two institutions. ››› Cooperation challenges that customs and border guards face comprise legal and operational obstacles, different institutional cultures, and political pressure over the management bodies of the two institutions. ››› Bulgaria falls into a group of Member States where the level of cooperation between customs and border guards is most limited and often characterized by mistrust and competition. ››› The Government of Bulgaria, the Customs Agency and the Border Police should adopt best cooperation practices in order to increase the security of the external borders of the European Union.
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Terrorists constantly seek the spotlight and attacking major sporting events constitutes a seemingly perfect springboard for global notoriety. As the XXII Olympic Winter Games in Sochi are nearing, the global public is understandably concerned about the July 2013 North Caucasian jihadi threats to either disrupt the Games or prevent them altogether. Are the recent Volgograd bombings all the terrorists could muster in anticipation of the Olympics or is there more to come? It is worth analysing some of the options the Caucasus Emirate might be considering in relation to their stated intent to disrupt or force the cancellation of the Olympics. All of the options are derived from information on previous terrorist attacks on other sporting events that could provide clues for counter-terrorism authorities in Russia and neighbouring countries to use when securing these Olympics.
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"Siły zbrojne w stanie pokoju, kryzysu, wojny" to książka oferująca Czytelnikowi przede wszystkim rzetelną wiedzę o wojsku: zarówno o jego wnętrzu (organizacji, strukturach, funkcjonowaniu), jak i o miejscu oraz znaczeniu w państwie i stosunkach międzynarodowych. Punktem wyjścia do refleksji nad znaczeniem siły w rzeczywistości międzynarodowej jest przedstawienie funkcji działań sił zbrojnych w trzech stanach: pokoju, kryzysu i wojny. Tytułowy kontekst analiz i rozważań ma służyć zrozumieniu tego, że wojsko to nie tylko narzędzie wojenne, lecz także gwarant politycznego porządku, grupa społeczna o specyficznych właściwościach; to istotny instrument stabilizacji bądź destabilizacji środowiska międzynarodowego. Bolesław Balcerowicz wiele uwagi poświęca procesom i kierunkom zmian współcześnie zachodzącym w sferze wojskowości. Głównymi adresatami monografii są studenci stosunków międzynarodowych, dla których ma stanowić swoisty podręcznik przedmiotu „międzynarodowe stosunki wojskowe” i być pomocna w studiach strategicznych. Książka w swojej formule i treściach może stać się również lekturą pożyteczną dla zainteresowanych problematyką bezpieczeństwa i obronności, a także polityką i stosunkami międzynarodowymi.
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Moscow has been developing a new model of governance for Kaliningrad Oblast in 2016. The changes in the regional government (the governance of the oblast was entrusted to people sent from Moscow and had no links with the region) were part of it. These are a result of Russia’s depleting financial resources and austerity policy, the increasing militarisation of the Russian Federation and the important role the oblast plays in this policy, and the need to ensure a satisfactory result in the upcoming presidential election. Although there are at present no visible symptoms suggesting an intensification of protest sentiments, Moscow is taking preventive action to try to tighten its grip on local elites and residents. Kaliningrad Oblast remains an essential element of the Russian military strategy in the Baltic region. This is borne out by the deployment in the region of S-400 air defence systems, ships equipped with Kalibr missiles, and Bastion missile defence systems (which are nominally anti-ship weapons but are also adjusted to attacking ground targets). Furthermore, the deployment of Iskander missile systems has been launched which enables the creation of a so-called ‘Anti-Access/Area Denial’ (A2/AD) zone, extending the range of Russian weapons to the territories and airspace of the neighbouring NATO member states.
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Ten years after the launch of the EU’s defence effort at a Franco-British summit in St Malo, the European Security and Defence Policy badly needs a shot in the arm. Procrastination, weak coordination, and persistent absenteeism by some Member States have hobbled the Union’s ability to tackle the real threats to its citizens’ security, and to make a significant contribution to maintaining international peace. Europe’s leaders have agreed what is needed, in the 2003 European Security Strategy. They have acknowledged that security for Europeans today lies not in manning the ramparts or preparing to resist invasion, but in tackling crises abroad before they become breeding-grounds for terrorism, international trafficking, and unmanageable immigration flows. As this report will argue, this situation demands a concerted effort to revitalise the European Union’s Security and Defence Policy (ESDP). The EU’s individual Member States, even France and Britain, have lost and will never regain the ability to finance all the necessary new capabilities by themselves. Today, only cooperation amongst Europeans can eliminate the massive waste associated with the duplication of resources by Member States, and help transform Europe’s armed forces into modern militaries capable of contributing to global security.
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Polish Institute of International Affairs presents a joint policy report: Region’s Quest for Inclusive Cyberprotection, prepared in the framework of the research project Defence Austerity in the Visegrad Region II – DAV4 II, funded by the Interantional Visegrad Fund (IVF). The authors of the report argue, that the Visegrad countries could become an avant-garde of cyberdefense policy, if only they decided to include cybersecurity in the agenda of their political consultations and practical collaboration. The policy report, which also aims to contribute to the debate about the the landscape of threats in cyberspace, was prepared by Central European Policy Institute (Slovakia), in cooperation with PISM (Poland), International Centre for Democratic Transition (Hungary) and Jagello 2000 (Czech Republic).
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This publication aims to diagnose the most important threats to international and national security at the end of the second decade of the 21st century. The emphasis has been placed on presenting the main challenges and threats that occur in the European and global system of international security. What constitutes an important objective of the collection is to show how the international security system has evolved on the regional – both European and global – scale in the second decade of the 21st century, and to point out the challenges and threats to national and international security connected with it. It is important not only to identify the current threats, but also the potential ones, against which measures can be taken already today thanks to an accurate “interpretation” of the developments in the international security system, both in individual regions of the world and on a global scale. One of the objectives of the collection is to show some threats to internal and external security of Poland, especially in the context of increased threats of terrorism and illegal migration.
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Project “Support for European Union action in the field of CBRN security managers education” SE-CBRN-URE is funded by European Commission, The Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs (DG HOME) from Internal Security Fund – Police, call “Implementation of the EU CBRN Action Plan, the EU Action Plan on enhancing the security of explosives and the European programme of critical infrastructure protection”. Total project budget – 684 377 Euro (EU contribution – 615 940 Euro). Grant Agreement No. HOME/2015/ISFP/AG/CBRN/4000008459. Acts of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism are four new risks that the European public has to take into consideration. With the possibility of these different forms of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) being used in acts of terrorism, an urgent need has arisen to prevent and combat their use. The use of any of the four types of CBRN weapons in acts of terrorism could open the door to the possibility of destabilization of the European Union, and lead to undermining its economic stability, public security and social integrity. An additional problem is the constant threat of explosives, especially home-made devices, which can be used by themselves or as a release mechanism for CBRN agents.
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Priorytetem polityki bezpieczeństwa Danii od lat 90. XX wieku do końca operacji ISAF w Afganistanie w 2014 roku był udział w natowskich i amerykańskich operacjach reagowania kryzysowego poza obszarem traktatowym NATO. Dania rozwijała ekspedycyjny model armii dostosowany do wymogów konfliktów asymetrycznych, redukując budżet obronny i liczbę żołnierzy. Po aneksji Krymu przez Rosję w 2014 roku Dania nie zwiększyła wydatków obronnych i nie zmieniła dotychczasowej strategii rozwoju sił zbrojnych. Zaczęła natomiast przywiązywać większą wagę do sojuszniczego odstraszania w regionie Morza Bałtyckiego, dostosowując się do nowych priorytetów NATO w zakresie wzmacniania obrony zbiorowej. Oznaczało to zwiększenie duńskiej obecności militarnej w państwach bałtyckich, które z perspektywy Kopenhagi mogą stać się obszarem testowania wiarygodności i spójności NATO przez Rosję. Jednak dla Danii konflikt zbrojny NATO–Rosja jest mało prawdopodobny, a za podstawowe zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa kraju uznaje terroryzm. Konieczność pogodzenia „ekspedycyjnego DNA” duńskiej armii ze wzmacnianiem wschodniej flanki NATO i nowymi zadaniami sił zbrojnych wywołała dyskusję o brakach materiałowych i kadrowych oraz niewystarczających wydatkach obronnych.
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The book is devoted to the role of memory in international relations. The point of departure for this reflection is the Holocaust, and to some extent also other crimes resembling ethnic cleansing and 20th-century homicide. The book concerns also other topics, such as reconciliation and ways of achieving it, the role of historical memories, the issues of migrants living between the old and the new homeland.
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The monograph deals with the topic of crisis management in public administration units in the context of the occurrence of phenomena bearing the traits of natural disasters. The research shows that taking multidirectional, comprehensive actions can guarantee the safety of the inhabitants in the affected areas. The conclusions presented by the author may contribute to the implementation of crisis management solutions that will increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the crisis management system. There is a need to lay more emphasis on activities aimed at reducing the risk of natural disasters, increasing the efficiency of crisis management teams operating during catastrophic events, as well as minimizing their effects and restoring the state which existed before their occurrence. The publication’s target audience are primarily government and local government officials, scientists conducting research in the field of security, public management and spatial management, as well as students of management, administration and internal security.
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The author analyses Polish-Lithuanian relations between 1991 and 2019. Their determinants were both old and modern history and the position of local minorities in the two countries. These factors influenced current policies of both countries, their safety and economics. The relations between Poland and the Republic of Lithuania were based on diplomatic activities undertaken by subsequent Polish governments.
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The first edition of the Romanian Military Thinking International Conference Proceedings gathers about 80 scientific papers submitted for publication under a generous topic – Security and Defence between History, Theory and Public Policies. The articles, divided into four categories, namely: Intelligence and Security, Military Theory and Art, Defence Resources Management and Military History, all serve the main purpose of the Conference: the debate on the issue of national security and defence, in the context of the latest developments of the regional and global security environment.
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A selection of examples of Europeanisation in Polish financial law. The authors – young scientists from different Polish academic centres – consider in their analyses the influence of the current crisis on the process of changes in the financial sphere of economy. The texts discuss various economic, legal, social and political issues connected with building a single European financial market, unifying the tax system and tackling the current economic crisis at a European level.
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The round table in Chisinau involved in discussions experts from Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norway, Poland, Romania, Switzerland and Ukraine, the discussions being preceded by several meetings with people with decision-making power and relevant personalities / representatives of NGOs from the Republic of Moldova. // The main purpose of the discussions was to raise public awareness and facilitate public debate on issues related to the reform of the security system of our country and to develop a unique approach between decision makers and civil society representatives on the future of security of the Republic of Moldova. existing in the new EU Member States. Another aim was to learn from the knowledge gained by European countries in the field of various security models.
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The scientific and methodological publication "NATO Accession - Ukraine's Strategic Choice", published in the form of a collective monograph, aims to provide scientific and methodological and methodological assistance to increase conscious support for society, especially the regional community, Ukraine's accession to NATO by informing citizens on Euro-Atlantic integration. principles of creation and activity of regional centers of Euro-Atlantic integration in Ukraine with active involvement in their work of local authorities, higher and general educational institutions, public organizations. The book consists of four chapters: Accession to NATO - a guarantee of national security and independence of the state (I); Advantages of Ukraine's accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (II); Citizens' Information System on Euro-Atlantic Integration of Ukraine (III); A new approach to the study of public opinion on Ukraine's Euro-Atlantic integration based on the experience of post-communist NATO member states (IV). The authors of the collective monograph are leading Ukrainian and foreign scientists, statesmen and public figures, teachers and diplomats. The scientific and methodological publication contains "Model of creation and operation of Euro-Atlantic integration centers in the regions of Ukraine" and "Model of study and formation of public opinion on Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine", developed by the Institute for Social Transformation. The book has scientific, methodological and practical significance. It allows to unite the potential of local authorities, scientists, educators, public figures to hold informational and educational events in the regions of Ukraine in order to promote the idea of Euro-Atlantic integration and increase the number of its supporters.
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Günümüzde uluslararası güvenlik ortamını anlamak ve uluslararası diplomasinin yöntemleri hakkında yorum yapmak sadece akademisyenlerin degil, hayatın olagan akısı içerisindeki bireylerin günlük siyaset konusmak kadar kendilerinde hak gördügü bir alıskanlık haline geldi. Bence böyle bir hakkın kullanılabilmesi için en azından konu hakkındaki yazında bulunan bazı temel eserleri okumak çok gerekli ve medeni bir tavır. Bu kitap gerek konuyu kavrayısı gerekse dili bakımından ihtiyaç duyanların bu alandaki birçok eksigini kapatacak özellikte.– Doç. Dr. Savas BIÇER / Uluslararası Politika UzmanıBu çalısmada, dünya düzeninde meydana gelen degisimler ısıgında güvenlik anlayısının nasıl bir dönüsüm geçirdigi ortaya konulmaktadır. Güvenlik, güç, güç dengesi ve ittifak kavramlarına kuramsal bir bakıs açısıyla yaklasılmakta, uluslararası iliskiler ve güvenlik alanında çok önemli bir yere sahip olan NATO ittifakı irdelenmektedir. Uluslararası ilisikleri disiplini için çok önemli bu kavramları anlamak açısından basucu niteliginde bir kitap düsünüyorum.– Doç. Dr. Zeynep Banu DALAMAN / Sosyolog, Siyaset Bilimci.
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