ULOGA RELIGIJE U SAVREMENOM ZAPADNOM DRUŠTVU

Author(s): Mensur Husić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2014

The subject matter of this article is the role of religion in modern western society. The author points out the significance of religion for modern society, emphasizing the substantial dedication of religion to intercultural and interreligious dialogue as an essential feature of society at the time of alienation and unfounded prejudices. The text concludes that the revealed religions, with their own moral codes, can help modern society to overcome numerous challenges and dilemmas.

DOPRINOS PROJEKTA SVJETSKI ETHOS MEĐURELIGIJSKOM DIJALOGU - INTERDISCIPLINARNI PRISTUP

Author(s): Berislav Čović,Mile Marinčić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2014

On daily basis we witness different types of conflicts, misunderstandings, hatred and zealotry among people, culture and religion. In today’s times of globalization and technological advancement, Man was left forgotten and his religious communities have stretched far away from one another. Through this essay authors will try to show, based on the example of the Project World Ethos, that the hope still lingers and that the development of inter-religious dialog is not only a mere possibility but that it is achievable throughout open-mindedness and responsibility. The goal of this essay is to give a different kind of look in crossing the gap between various religions and trying to cut down the obstacles between them by achieving inter-religious dialog. That different look that was mentioned earlier is not new in terms of religion or movement. Project World Ethos was created and started by Hans Küng, theologian and philosopher born in Switzerland who spent most of his life working and living in Germany. In the end, direction of this work is not only to show great achievements made by the Project, but also to criticize it as well, in search for answers.

AL-GHAZÂLÎ’S CRITIQUE OF EPISTEMIC PRACTICES

Author(s): Zora Hesová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

Abu Hamid al-Ghazâlî (1058-1111) is commonly believed to be the medieval Islamic scholar who rejected philosophy in the name of Islam. This simple interpretation not only does not reflect al-Ghazâlî’s much more nuanced attitude towards philosophy that he expressed in the Tahâfut al-falâsifa, it also misses Ghazâlî’s complex and critical epistemological thought. Troughout his works Ghazâlî has developed criticism of epistemic disciplines such as falsafa, kalâm and Ismailism. His criticism is nuanced and concentrated on detrimental epistemic practices such as taqlîd (conformism) and jadal (disputations). Those are shared by various disciplines and only the right usage of reason makes a discipline useful. His criticism of epistemic practices rather than whole disciplines is also the basis al-Ghazâlî’s major epistemic principle, that of limits of theory or speculation (naẓar).

OSNOVI ZA KOMPARATIVNU ANALIZU UČENJA O BITKU U GRČKOJ I ISLAMSKOJ FILOZOFIJI

Author(s): Hasan Džilo / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2014

This paper discusses the teaching of the Being in Greek and Islamic philosophy. The question of being shows not only similarities but also differences in the approach to this central issue in the history of Greek and Islamic philosophical thought. The novelty introduced by the Islamic philosophers is metaphysics of creation which is under the influence of religious scriptures. It will be shown that only God is the Being (wujud), and that the world is not wujud. For the world, according to the teachings of Greek philosophers, can not not exist, as opposed to the teaching medieval philosophers who speak of God as a the being. In fact, wujud is another name for God. Islamic philosophers deepen the concepts inherited from Greek philosophy, and access them in the light of religious intent, particularly with regard to the fundamental concepts of metaphysics as being, essence, truth, necessity, accidental, substance.

SVETO RUDOLFA OTTOA I ISLAMSKI MISTICIZAM

Author(s): Dževad Hodžić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2014

This paper examines the comparative study of religious and mystical traditions of Islam especially in the work of the eminent German theologian Rodolf Otto. The author emphasizes Otto’s openness to other (non-European and non-Christian) traditions as a standard measure of the spiritual climate of liberal theology as a specific compound of European civic consciousness and evangelical theology of the time. Otto’s understanding of Islam is best to make out from his concept of the numinous experience of the Holy, that is, from his interpretation of God in His Bible core that goes beyond reasonable understanding, the living God, the God of wrath and love and feelings, who throughout his life differs from any mere ‘world mind’, whose essence that is beyond our reason is detached from any philosophizing and rationalizing.

FILOZOFIJA RELIGIJE NA TRAGU WITTGENSTEINA: D. Z. PHILLIPS

Author(s): Danijel Tolvajčić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2014

Wittgenstein was a major influence on the contemporary philosophy of religion. He offered new and original insights into the nature of religious belief and religious language. This led to the rise of Wittgensteinian approach to the philosophy of religion. This article is a critical examination of the D. Z. Phillips’ thought who is considered to be a leading representative of Wittgensteinian philosophy of religion.

IBN RUŠDOV NAUK O KOMPATIBILNOSTI ARISTOTELOVE FILOZOFIJE I RELIGIJE

Author(s): Vladimir Lasica / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2014

In this paper I analyze Averroes’s teaching on compatibility between Aristotle’s philosophy and Islamic religion. I believe that Averroes’s teaching upon this topic is reflecting in three connected segments. The first one is in Kitab fasl al-maqal, in which Averroes stressed that goals of philosophy and religion does not differ, as well as that there is no contradiction between them. Second segment is in Averroes’s explanation and purifying of Aristotelianism from its misinterpretations. The last segment is reflecting within Averroes’s teaching on compatibility of philosophy and Qur’an, and within his hermeneutical approach. According to Averroes, main difference between philosophy and Islam is in the strict method of philosophical demonstration which was formulated by Aristotle.

FEMINIZAM I RELIGIJA-POKUŠAJ ARTIKULACIJE IDEJE FEMINISTIČKE FILOZOFIJE RELIGIJE

Author(s): Anita COTA / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2014

Feminist theology presupposes talking about feminism in general. Such feminism has, in today’s society, partly lost its original meaning and mission. More importantly, it has not been affirmed in religion either. Nevertheless, we have the right to talk about feminism in religion on the basis of philosophical researches, the number of which has not been small in recent times. On the other hand, religiosity is expressed in religion. It is, in particular, expressed by the people because the relationship between God and Man is needed for its existence. Feminism questions Man too in that relationship because from that perspective numerous questions arise. Consequently, in relationship God-Man, feminism, respecting its philosophical boundaries, questions one and the other reality. Feminist philosophy of religion has been developing gradually. In the same way as feminism has been developing through periods (three waves of feminism), feminist theory does not develop at one time either.

ONKRAJ HETERONOMIJE I AUTONOMIJE TEONOMNA ETIKA PAULA TILLICHA

Author(s): Danijel Tolvajčić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2016

The aim of the paper is to analyse the ethical elements in Paul Tillich’s (1886–1965) thought. Allthough he never developed definitive system of ethics, he offered some valuable contribution to ethical issues ih nis various publications. For Tillich ethics is “theonomous”: it emerges from man’s re-unitement with depth of his own reason and is derived from participation in “power of being-itself” (God). Such an ethics – in deep connection with his ontology of human existence – aims to overcome the dificulties in various autonomous and heteronomous ethical theories. Special areas of Tillich’s ethical interest are concepts of ‘love’, ‘power’ and ‘justice’. In elaborating these concepts his aim is to provide basis for individual and social ethics.

PAUL TILLICH – NAVJESTITELJ PLURALISTIČKE TEOLOGIJE ILI APOLOGET INKLUZIVISTIČKOG MODELA?

Author(s): Julija Prpić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2016

Pluralistic theology of religions seeks to assert itself as a new paradigm that has to overcome dogmatic and worldview differences among world religions and thus enable pluralistic unity whose main thesis is that all religions are equally valid paths of salvation. Many representatives of the pluralistic theology of religions refer to Paul Tillich as the proclaimer of pluralist paradigm relying on his last book “Christianity and the Encounter of the World Religions”. This paper provides an overview of Tillich theology of religions as it is represented in the “Christianity and the Encounter of the World Religions”, and examines how it is substantially and meaningfully different from the previous Tillich’s work, as well as whether Paul Tillich can be regarded as emissary of the pluralistic theology of religion.

RELIGIJSKI SOCIJALIZAM PAULA TILLICHA

Author(s): Zoran Turza / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2016

In his „German“ period of insight, Paul Tillich introduced the original theological critic of the nationalism and capitalism and tried to make the balance between the religion and society by the idea of the religious socialism. At the same time this idea is the result of both, Tillich’s dealing with the nationalism and capitalism and of his theological critic of socialism. Author elaborates some of the most important components of Tillich’s religious socialism such as the socialist decision, kairos and demonic wherein wherein, in the „American“ phase as well, the advantages and disadvantages of suggested relation between religion and culture are being critically questioned.

PRILOG RAZUMIJEVANJU ODNOSA IZMEĐU AL-FÂRÂBÎJA I MAJMONIDA

Author(s): Kerim Sušić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1-2/2017

The main purpose of this work is to explain the significance of the relationship between al-Fârâbî and Maimonides, and to analyze those concepts that represent the intersection of their teachings. By insight into this issue, we are trying to determine the main guidelines, problems, tendencies and sources of Arab-Islamic philosophy. In addition, the paper tries to point out the irrefutable link between the two philosophers, as well as the direct and undeniable al-Fârâbî’s influence on shaping the main ideas of Maimonides’ philosophy, which is particularly pronounced in his understanding and determination of happiness. The paper also strives to prove that Maimonides fully assumes and greatly takes over al-Fârâbî’s philosophical project, only within the framework of the Hebrew spiritual tradition.

СУЧАСНА РЕЛІГІЙНО-ПРАВОВА ФІЛОСОФІЯ ЯК АНТРОПОЛОГІЧНО-ЦІННІСНИЙ БАЗИС ПРАВА

Author(s): Volodymyr Trofimenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2019

Relevance of the topic. Religion in Ukraine has always played an unambiguous role - its importance for the Ukrainian people is very important. The piety of our citizens has a historical character - it originated from old times. A new round of recognition of Christian values began when our country declared its independence and still be in effect nowadays. It is also very important to emphasize that faith affects not only the moral state of society, but also its legal system. It is said that religious values, virtues are increasingly seen as one of the beginnings of law.The modern philosophy of law, given the importance to religion in regulating social relations, has a sufficient number of concepts that seek to combine law and faith. Taking into account the axiological aspect of religion, it is important to show its potential for the development of law. Today's philosophical jurisprudence just emphasizes the anthropological and axiological dimension of law.It is extremely necessary to understand whether we need to perceive these grounds (Western religious philosophy of law) as axioms, or it is necessary to redefine them taking into account national peculiarities. What makes this problem difficult is that it is very difficult to understand every person, his or her faith, and this imposes a very difficult task on the philosophy of law. Taking into account the above, from the author`s viewpoint , this problem does not lose its relevance.Level of development of the topic. A large number of scholars today are turning to understanding the relationship between law and faith, legislation and religion, the consideration of religious legal systems. At the same time, the emphasis is on the way religious norms are implemented in the legal regulation and recognized by the state, that is, the process of transformation of some religious norms into law is investigated. However, there are few developments concerning the axiological (value) significance of religion, in particular religious virtues, which humanize secular law. And it is not a question of some kind of mutual absorption, but it is about the value and moral reorientation of law.Purpose of the publication: to give an understanding that explaining to citizens the basic legal issues on the basis of the religious philosophy of law can have the same effect as the upbringing of legal culture in a secular version.As a conclusion, we can say that the philosophy of law, other legal sciences do not dump the importance of religion and its influence on the formation of legal consciousness. Partial religious interpretation of the basic legal values does not at all reduce their significance; it helps the larger number of subjects to understand its meaning and purpose.

RELIGIOZNO ISKUSTVO – NEISTRAŽIVANA I/ILI NEISTRAŽIVA DIMENZIJA RELIGIJE I RELIGIOZNOSTI

Author(s): Stipe Tadić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 35/1998

In addition to stressing the complexity and fluidity of the religious-religiose phenomenon, the article considers attempts to define it indirectly through various dimensions, i. e. searching for those specific features which distinguish it from other social phenomena. This step, in turn, is determined by the theoretical approach to that phenomenon. Therefore, the approach to the latter requires not only the analysis of its numerous dimensions, but also several different theoretical approaches. The multidimensional approaches to the phenomenon of religion and religiosity on the empirical level are mostly based on different variants or modifications of five main dimensions constituted by Charles Y. Glock and Rodney Stark.

„A te arcodat keresem, Uram” (Zsolt 27,8). Puzzle-darabok posztmodern korunk istenkeresőiről/-nek. Vigilia Kiadó, Budapest 2018. (ISBN 978-963-9920-62-0)

Author(s): Zsolt Szilvágyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2018

Podijeljeni Pascal: u potrazi za redom prirode

Author(s): Roni Rengel / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 03/151/2018

In the paper, I deliver a fundamental structure of Pascal’s philosophy, as it is laid out in a posthumous collection gathered under the title Thoughts. Besides apories, to which Pascal arrives through haggling of geometrical and sensible spirit, sequencing and directness, fate and reason etc., attention will also be organized around places of theological content. Through text, I will lay Pascal’s philosophy in relation to philosophers who, in a certain sense, share his pathos, primarily fragmentary philosophers – from predecessors and contemporaries (Montaigne, La Rochefoucauld) to successors (romantics, Nietzsche, Jaspers). Finally, I will offer a possibility for the non-theistic reading of Pascal’s text.

»Ne suobličujte se ovomu svijetu« U spomen na Roberta Spaemanna (1927. – 2018.)

Author(s): Boris Vulić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2019

Njemački filozof Robert Spaemann preminuo je u Stuttgartu 10. prosinca 2018. godine, u svojoj 91. godini. Mediji, koji su pozorni spram dimenzije ljudske stvarnosti koju zovemo filozofija, u vijestima o njegovoj smrti pridružili su Spaemannovu imenu epitete koji se ne daju olako i neutemeljeno. Tako su ga označili kao velikoga filozofa, ali i teologa, kao beskompromisnoga, neprilagođenoga i slobodnoga mislioca, kao moralni glas katoličke filozofije, najvećega katoličkoga filozofa XX. stoljeća, pa čak i kao posljednjega velikoga katoličkoga filozofa. Zbog svoje jake misli i ranije je nagrađivan rijetkim titulama. Spomenimo samo to da se početkom ovoga stoljeća o njemu pisalo kao o branitelju ljudskoga dostojanstva.

O misaonoj formi filozofije Josefa Piepera

Author(s): Ivica Raguž / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2017

The article presents and analyzes the most important determinants of Josef Pieper’s thought form (»Denkform«). The first part of the paper examines the influence of Romano Guardini’s thought on the development of Pieper’s thought form. Particular attention is put on Guardini’s lecture on the classical spirit which Pieper had an opportunity to hear and which left a deep impression on him. Such an understanding of the classical spirit, together with the influence of the phenomenological thought, is the basic characteristic of Pieper’s thought form. The classical spirit, as a thought form, here means the insistence on the objective, on observing what is being given to us, as it is given to us. The second part of the paper seeks to broadly present, based on some texts of the German author, a thesis on the classical spirit as Josef Pieper’s thought form. The third part of the article shows and analyzes Pieper’s understanding of philosophy, leisure, and myths which he, in line with Guardini and the phenomenological approach, determines within the idea of the classical spirit. Part four is a critical review of Pieper’s thought form. Here, the absence of problematization of the practical mind (action) is seen as the basic lack of the same. Nevertheless, there is an emphasis on the great importance and the actuality of Josef Pieper’s thought, especially in the age of universal subjectivism, which is incapable of free, unobtrusive observation of the object, of all that is given.

Može li se govoriti o moralnosti kod nižih vrsta: De Waalova teorija i s njom povezane rasprave

Author(s): Borna Jalšenjak,Ivan Šestak / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2017

Die Moral ist ein Merkmal, das dem menschlichen Handeln angehört aufgrund seiner Übereinstimmung oder Nichtübereinstimmung mit Standards u Regeln, die es regulieren. Dies setzt natürlich voraus, dass menschliche Handlungen auf der einen Seite frei und verantwortlich sind und dass es auf der anderen Seite Standards und Regeln gibt, mit denen das menschliche Handeln übereinstimmen soll. Über das letztere, wie es bekannt ist, gibt es Unterschiede, von denen jedoch hier nicht die Rede ist. Hier im Gegenteil ist die Frage, ob die Moral ausschließlich Qualität des menschlichen Handelns ist, oder kann sie, nicht nur bei nächstgelegenen Primaten, sondern auch bei niederen Spezies gefunden werden. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt sich zwangsläufig die Frage einer möglichen evolutionären Entwicklung der menschlichen Moral. Dieser Artikel zeigt die Forschungsergebnisse bestimmten tierischen Verhaltens auf, welche auf den ersten Blick als moralisch charakterisiert werden könnten. So werden Auftreten von altruistischem Verhalten, Empathie, Gefühl der Reziprozität, Fairness und sozialer Stabilität erklärt. Solche Forschung kann sicherlich die Einzigartigkeit der menschlichen Moral zu verstehen helfen, aber vieles bleibt noch ungeantwortet und offen für die weitere Forschung

Predaja “Ko spozna sebe spoznao je svoga Gospodara” u svijetlu filozofije i irfana

Author(s): Amar Imamović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 14/2019

The tradition “He who knows himself knows his Lord” is one of the well-known Islamic traditions, which, given its significance, has been occupying the minds of Muslim thinkers from all the fields of science, such as philosophy, gnosis, exegeses, hadith, but especially gnosis, for centuries. This tradition is so important that, with its content, it represents the cornerstone of the path of cognition.This paper aims to present an overview and answer to some of the most important questions which are naturally posed concerning this tradition. Some of these questions are as follows: What is the necessary relation between the cognition of oneself and the cognition of God? Which kind of the cognition of oneself leads to the cognition of God? How does the cognition of oneself lead us to the cognition of God?The paper also provides a short answer to the opinion of some scholars, according to whom this tradition aims to claim that the cognition of God is impossible. Furthermore, the paper presents some of the most important explanations of the relation between the cognition of oneself and the cognition of God the Exalted in the light of philosophy and gnosis.