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ПРИСКИАН ЛИДИЙСКИЙ О СНЕ И СНОВИДЕНИЯХ (SOLUTIONES AD CHOSROEM 2, 3)

Author(s): Eugene Abdullaev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

Chapters 2–3 of the Solutiones ad Chosroem of Priscian of Lydia addressed the questions of the Persian king Chosroes I on the nature of sleeping and dreams. An introductory article reviews the main sources of this part of the Solutiones: three small Aristotle’s oneirologic treatises, the On sleep and dreams by Theophrastus and the Symmikta Zetemata by Porphyrios. It also reviews the possible links of the chapters to the oneirologic speculations in the Persian religion and court’s cult. The article is supplemented with a commented Russian translation of the relevant chapters of the treatise.

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Ibn' Arabijeovo filozofsko-teološko učenje

Author(s): Olivera Hasković / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 07/1996

Dr. Rešid Hafizović: "Ibn'Arabijevo filozofsko-teološko učenje o Logosu" Bemust, Zenica, 1995 . str. 198 .

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Da li je sufizam Tasawwuf mistika?

Author(s): Jasna Šamić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 01+02/2000

Mnogima se ovakav naslov, kada je riječ o islamskom misitcizmu/ sufizmu, tj. tasawwu/u, može učiniti besmislenim. On je bespredmetan i za one koji smatraju da sufizam nije mistika, a i za one koji smatraju da on to jeste. Zašto onda ovaj tekst?

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Poreklo materije u Mula Sadrinoj filozofiji

Author(s): Tehran Halilović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2015

U istoriji islamske misli zabeležene su velike i žustre debate između filozofa i teologa o tome da li je svet, kao prvo božje stvorenje, nastao u vremenu ili pak nije vremenski ograničeno biće. Uzimajući u obzir tvrdnju filozofa da prvo božje stvorenje, to jest svet intelekta, po svojoj prirodi nije ograničeno u vremenu, pitanje odnosa između večnog i vremenskog bića svakako možemo razmatrati u okviru studije o poreklu materije. Stoga ćemo se u ovom radu usredsrediti na nastanak sveta materije. Kako bi rešio pitanje porekla materijalnog sveta i odnosa između vremenske materije i njenog ontološkog uzroka, nadvremenskog intelekta, Mula Sadra Širazi služi se filozofskim inovativnim idejama i principima da dokaže da je ceo materijalni svet jedno celovito biće koje nema vremenski početak. Supstancijalno kretanje, njegova inovativna teorija od ključnog značaja u rešavanju ovog pitanja, predstavlja preokret u filozofskom interpretiranju materijalnog sveta u islamskoj filozofiji. Po svom običaju i u skladu sa svojim veoma posebnim stilom pisanja, Mula Sadra Širazi u sedmom tomu svoje impozantne knjige Asfar prevazilazi teoriju o supstancijalnom kretanju i nagoveštava ideju koja prema mišljenju autora ovog rada nije dovoljno zastupljena čak ni među savremenim predstavnicima transcendentne filozofije.

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Čovek i društvo kod Mula Sadre Širazija

Author(s): Muamer Halilović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2014

Pitanje odnosa između čoveka i društva može se razmatrati iz različitih aspekata. Međutim, neosporivo je to da odgovor na ovo pitanje primarno spada u delokrug filozofije jer pojmovi koji se koriste da bi se kristalizovao taj odnos filozofske su prirode. Autor ovog rada nastoji da po tom pitanju predstavi stavove Mula Sadre Širazija, utemeljivača islamske transcendentne filozofije, koji smatra da čovek neće moći da aktualizuje sve svoje potencijale ukoliko bude živeo izvan okvira društva, kao što ni društvo ne postoji bez čoveka. U radu se takođe detaljno obrazlaže stanovište ovog slavnog filozofa s kraja XVI i početka XVII veka o istinskom blaženstvu svakog čoveka koje neće biti postignuto bez društvenog života. Autor, između ostalog, obuhvatno analizira i racionalne pozadine posebnog stava Mula Sadre Širazija u okviru njegove kosmološke doktrine o supstancijalnom kretanju i antropološke doktrine o egzistencijalnom položaju savršenog čoveka.

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AL-GHAZALI, MUFESSIR - OSLOBODITELJ SVJETOVA KUR'ANA

Author(s): Enes Karić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2001

This study discusses al-Ghazali's ijtihad in the field of Qur'anic commentary. The author paid special attention to the Issue, introduced by Al-Ghazali, of levels or degrees of understanding of the Qur'an. The author claims that Al-Ghazali does not have one complete commentary of the Qur'an, but rather the entire Al-Ghazali's work is one grand Ačcommentary.

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Die Rolle des Menschen in der weltlichen Ordnung – aus islamphilosophischer Perspektive

Author(s): Lava Mella / Language(s): German Issue: 01/2017

In writing the following article, I took the opportunity to delve deeper into my own reli-gion and its message to the faithful. Even for me as a convinced believer in Islam, it is my duty to always question my convictions. It is not without reason that Socrates at that time already offered to question one's own life, because "only the tested life is worth living." Thus, the goal and purpose of Islam is to own one's own actions and existence as a person on God's earth question and always strive for reasonable insight for knowledge.

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The Creation of the World in Time According to Fakhr al-Razi

Author(s): Husain Agha Shiraz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The eternity or creation of the world in time is a question that many scholars from different fields have tackled, regardless of their religious affiliation. In the Islamic tradition, theologians generally affirmed the temporal creation of the world. On the other hand, philosophers rejected this notion. These philosophers usually interpreted religious texts that indicated the creation of the world to refer to the idea that the existence of the possible beings of this world is preceded by the non-existence that they contained in their quiddities. One of the individuals who discussed this subject in detail was Fakhr al-Din al-Razi. Razi presented many proofs to substantiate the temporal creation of the physical world. He also fortified these proofs by answering many of the objections that might be leveled against them. One of these proofs revolves around the idea that a physical being cannot be in a state of rest or movement in eternity. Thus, it could not exist in eternity. This proof depends upon the idea that rest is something positive or existent in nature. It also depends upon the idea that things which are eternal and positive in nature must subsist. Since movement and rest are preceded by something else, they cannot exist in eternity. This is because eternity is that which is not preceded by anything. Many of the objections that might be leveled against this proof are objections directed to self-evident propositions. Thus, they must be rejected.

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The Primal Matter and the All-Pervasive Impoverishment of the Material World

Author(s): Husain Agha Shiraz / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

One of the most important discussions in philosophy is concerned with the Primal Matter. It is also a discussion which has existed from the very conception of philosophy. The genesis of this concept goes back to ancient Greece where philosophers used to debate the original source of the physical universe. Aristotle was of the opinion that this was nothing but the Primal Matter. The Primal Matter is a substance in which the physical form, the specific forms and the accidents of these forms exist. It is what receives these beings. It is also pure potentiality. In and of itself, it lacks actuality. However, when it accepts the forms of physical beings, it partakes of the actuality of what it receives. The Primal Matter is the termination of the Arc of Descent and the beginning of the Arc of Ascent. In a sense, this pure potentiality reflects the Necessary Being, which is a pure actuality. The Primal Matter needs form for actuality. Conversely, form needs matter for individuation and specification, which is accomplished through accidents that this matter is the recipient of. Both of these beings need the Active Intellect which is the agent of their existence. Form and matter are united with one another in the external world, according to Mulla Sadra. What is more, impoverishment is contained within the very existence of all of the beings of the material word, regardless of what they are. This is one of the greatest conclusions that the Transcendent Wisdom of Mulla Sadra was able to discover.

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Smrt u filozofskom učenju Mula Sadre Širazija

Author(s): Tehran Halilović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2017

Regardless of whether people believe in eternal life or subconsciously expect the moment when they will completely disappear and be destroyed, death remains an unchangeable and inevitable truth standing before them. Thinking about death introduces a double concern and restlessness into the heart of man – it happens as much due to the insufficiently known, or the completely unknown, moment of death, as because of the uncertain destiny of a human being after death. This is also the most certain reason why the question of death is not so pleasant a topic for conversation and thinking in humans. In some people it even casts a shadow over joy and reduces enjoyment of happy moments. In this paper we will show why and how death and thinking about death can, completely opposite to this, deepen happiness and increase the sense of bliss. Mulla Sadra Shirazi, the founder of the transcendent philosophical school in Islam, proves that death is the consequence of the development of the soul. Death is a sign that a person has perfected his soul to the extent that it no longer needs to maintain the body. What makes Mulla Sadra’s thought special in relation to the analysis of the essence of death, is his belief that the soul and the body are not two separate entities which are connected for a period of time and which get separated at the point of death. The soul and the body are different degrees of the existence of one and the same being. On the basis of Mulla Sadra’s view on the essence of death, thinking about that moment is not thinking about disappearance, but about the beginning of the true life in which death will no longer exist.

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Around the Bloc: Bigamous Kyrgyz Cleric Is Unrepentant

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Around the Bloc: Bigamous Kyrgyz Cleric Is Unrepentant

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English Issue: 12/05/2017

The popular ex-mufti insists that polygamy is tradition, sparking a debate on the role of Islam in the officially secular state.

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Wahdat al-wujūd u Indiji

Author(s): William C. Chittick / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 76/77/2017

Several years ago, I published an article explaining why it was wrong to associate the term waḥdat al-wujūd with Ibn ‘Arabī’s name. The habit of such treatment is deeply rooted in secondary literature from about the tenth / sixteenth century. Now experts acknowledge that Ibn ‘Arabī never used that term, but it is still largely taken for granted that he has “believed it,” especially in the Muslim countries. I use this opportunity to presentsome of the reasons why uncritically linking this term to his name can only erode his legacy.

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ZASNIVANJE METAFIZIKE KAO NAUKE

Author(s): Amos Bertolacci / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1-2/2017

Islamski filozofi u srednjem vijeku nisu dijelili radikalnu sumnju sa europskim filozofima moderne glede naučnog karaktera metafizike. Iako su često zauzimali stavove koji bi se danas mogli smatrati „empirijskim“, te predvidjeli ključne sumnje takozvane „naučne revolucije“ 16. stoljeća, a koja je u konačnici dovela do isključenja metafizike iz porodice egzaktnih nauka, islamski filozofi su smatrali metafiziku, u svakom smislu, istinskim naučnim poduhvatom. Bez imalo oklijevanja na metafiziku su ukazivali uobičajenim pojmom koji se koristio za „nauku“ (‹ilm), te su je svrstavali kao dio sveukupne klasifikacije znanja zajedno sa disciplinama koje mi danas karakterišemo kao naučne; kao što su logika, filozofija prirode i matematika. Koji je uzrok njihovog optimizma?

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’UMAR KHAYYAM KAO FILOZOF

Author(s): Seyyed Hossein Nasr / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1-2/2017

Sada je vrijeme da svoju pažnju posvetimo zagonetnoj ličnosti Khayyama koji, ukoliko je površno shvaćen, čini se da predstavlja filozofsko gledište oprečno zbiljama zemlje poslanstva. Ipak, ukoliko se njegova djela, uključujući ona koja su posvećena filozofiji, detaljno prouče, on se nameće kao ličnost koja je mnogo sličnija Ibn Sinau nego Epikuru i skepticima antičkog doba.

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İbn Dâvûd Ez-Zâhirî’nin ez-Zehra Adlı Eserinde Aşkın Fıkhı

Author(s): Adnan Arslan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 39/2019

One of the most distinctive features that distinguishes man from all other living things is his/her extensive conversation ability. Phenomenon of love, which is the ultimate summit of this characteristic that makes it valuable, has occupied philosophers throughout human thought history. The first thinker to consider the phenomenon of love as an ontological issue Plato’s evaluations of love have also been reflected in early Islamic thought. Ibn Dāwūd Al-Ẓāhirī al-Iṣfahānī’s work al-Zahra is accepted as the first attempt to pass Plato's philosophy of love to the Islamic world. The author has written a work of authenticity that will inspire the Arab literati and thinkers to follow in style. This article will examine Ibn Dāwūd Al-Ẓāhirī al-Iṣfahānī’s work in terms of form and content. In the introductory part, general information about the philosophy of love will be given. After that, the work will be examined in terms of form; an analysis of the sources of poetry applied by the author. Then, the context and perspective of love” discussed in the work will be evaluated.

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Porijeklo duše u učenju Mulla Sadre

Author(s): Amar Imamović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2016

Ovo je jedna od najsloženijih tema na području filozofske psihologije. Njena složenost se ogleda u činjenici da je duša nematerijalno biće (مجرّد) ) sa svojim specifičnostima kao što je i tijelo materijalno biće koje ima karakteristike kao i sva ostala materijalna bića. U ovom slučaju osnovno i temeljno pitanje je kako je uspostavljena veza i zbiljsko jedinstvo između nematerijalnog i materijalnog bića? Drugim riječima, kako je moguće da iz spoja tijela i duše nastane jedinstvena vrsta po imenu čovjek? Sljedeće važno pitanje je kako nematerijalna i materijalna egzistencija, odnosno duša i tijelo utiču, odnosno djeluju jedno na drugo?Međutim, da bi došli do odgovora na ova pitanja kao i pitanja povezanosti duše i tijela, prije svega, trebamo vidjeti kako Mulla Sadra, jer smatramo da su njegova mišljenja najbliža istini po ovom pitanju, tumači nastanak duše. Tek nakon njegova pojašnjenja da je duša u svom nastanku tjelesna a u opstanku duhovna, otvaraju se perspektive razumijevanja povezanosti duše i tijela.

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Ibn Arabi: Ukras ebdala

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2016

Započet ćemo taj rad sa prijevodom djela “Hiljetu-l-ebdal – Ukras ebdala”. Ono je nastalo dok je Ibn Arebi živio u Mekki, a to je, kao što smo imali prilike vidjeti, jedan od njegovih najplodotvornijih literarnih perioda za vrijeme kojeg su napisana mnoga njegova značajna djela kao što su “Futuhatu-l-Mekkije”, “Ruhu-l-Quds” i “Terdžumanu-l-ešvak”. Ovo djelo se bavi praktičnom stranom duhovnog puta, a ne teorijskom gnozom po kojoj su Ibn Arebijeva djela najpoznatija. Glavno pitanje kojim se ova poslanica bavi su temelji i stubovi duhovnog puta posredstvom kojih čovjek može postati ebdal. Ebdali su posebna skupina evlija koji su spomenuti i u hadisima Božijeg Poslanika, s.a.v.a., i kojih uvijek ima četrdeset. U jednom od tih hadisa koji se prenosi od Imama Ali Ibn Ebu Taliba stoji: “Ebdali su u Šamu, i po broju su četrdeset ljudi, kada god jedan od njih umre Allah ga zamijeni sa drugim čovjekom. Preko njih Allah spušta kišu i daje pobjedu nad neprijateljima te otklanja kaznu od ljudi…” (Ibn Hanbel, 1/12).

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Ibn Arabi: Poslanica o svjetlima

Author(s): Hamza Halitović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3/2016

Duhovnim putovanjem, njegovim postajama i stanjima bavi se i Ibn Arebijeva poslanica čiji je puni naslov: “Risalat ul-enwar fi-ma yumnah sahib-ul-khalwah min-el-esrar” (Poslanica o svjetlima u tajnama darovanim ljudima osamljivanja), a napisana je u Konji 1205. godine. Ona je jedno od najpoznatijih Ibn Arebijevih djela. Doživjela je mnogo izdanja na arapskom jeziku, a također je prevedena i objavljena na većinu ostalih jezika kojima govore muslimani.

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Filozofija i religija: Kitab Fasl Al-Maqal [Stav božanskog zakona spram filozofije]

Author(s): Averroes Ibn Rušd / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2016

Poslanica pred nama odgovor je Ibn Rušda, na Zapadu poznatijeg kao Averroes, na pitanje koje se u svim vremenima uvijek iznova nameće i potencira, a to je da filozofija kao racionalan metod dosezanja istine nije kompaktibilna s učenjima objavljene vjere, a prema nekim ekstremnijim stavovima vjera u potpunosti odbacuje filozofski metod. Ibn Rušd, nasuprot ovih stavova, iznosi veoma jasne dokaze u prilog filozofije, pritom dokazujući da vjera, štaviše, poziva i afirmira filozofski metod.

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Mulla Sadra Širazi i procvat poslaničke filozofije

Author(s): Seyyed Hossein Nasr / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 8/2017

Tekst pred cijenjenim čitaocem je prijevod dijela knjige Islamic Philosophy from Origin to the Present svjetski poznatog autora Seyyeda Hooseinija Nasra. Namjera objavljivanja ovog prijevoda jeste približavanje položaja i ulogu Mulla Sadre Širazija na sceni islamske filozofije, kao i njegov doprinos i novi zamah koji je dao islamskoj filozofiji kao ključna figura u procvatu poslaničke filozofije. Mulla Sadra ostavio je toliko dubok trag na filozofiju da su danas sve filozofske škole pod uticajem njegovih misli. Može se reći da se islamska filozofija dijeli na period prije i nakon Mulla Sadre. Autor podsjeća da je on zajedno s Henry Corbenom uveo termin “isfahanska škola” da bi označili jedan tok filozofske misli koji se uobličio i u potpunosti afirmirao u Isfahanu. Ova škola dala je nesaglediv doprinos filozofskom tumačenju i promatranju zbilje poslanstva i vjerskog učenja. Pored Mulla Sadre na ovom polju posebno u njegovim začecima značajno mjesto imaju Mir Damad, Mir Findiriski i Šejh Behaja.

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