Clitics and direct objects in Macedonian

Author(s): Slavica Kochovska / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2011

This squib investigates the distribution of clitics with direct object DPs in Macedonian. In particular, it aims to explain the co-occurrence restrictions on clitics with IP-internal DPs, i.e., DPs in pre- and postverbal position. The occurrence of the clitics with such DPs is linked to their feature specification for strength, where strength is defined as in Barwise — Cooper (1981). The analysis is then extended to DPs in clause-initial positions, i.e., DPs at the left periphery. It is shown that the overall behavior of DPs with respect to clitic doubling prompts a novel, three-way distinction of the DPs in Macedonian as [+strong], [−strong] and unspecified for strength.

Comparison of Four Medieval Bulgarian Inscriptions by Letter Frequency

Author(s): Jordan Tabov,Svilena Hristova / Language(s): English / Issue: 16-17/2017

This article compares the letter frequencies of four old Bulgarian inscriptions: the Samuel inscription of 993, the Samuel inscription of Voden, the Bitola inscription of Ivan Vladislav and the Tărnovo inscription of Ivan Asen II. We establish the proximity of the letter frequencies of these inscriptions and thus obtain an argument in favor of the view that the Voden inscription is a product of the same scribal tradition and orthography, and of the same epoch, to which both Samuel’s of 993 and Bitola’s inscriptions belong. The impressive ‘frequency proximity’ of the Voden and Bitola inscriptions is used to offer the hypothesis that the Samuel Dynasty’s royal administration has had a consistent tradition of writing and orthography.

Copies of Filip Stanislavov’s Abagar (Rome, 1651)

Author(s): Per Ambrosiani / Language(s): English / Issue: 14-15/2015

The article discusses the currently available information on the extant copies of Filip Stanislavov’s Abagar, printed in Rome by the Propaganda Fide in 1651. Starting from Božidar Rajkov’s 1979 edition, which lists fifteen known copies and their presumed location, the article offers information on several copies that are not reported by Rajkov. These include copies in London, Paris, and Uppsala, the latter in the form of a scroll. In addition, the current location of most of the earlier known copies has been verified, and new information on a number of copies is presented: for example, the copy formerly located in Brussels is currently preserved at the Bibliothèque Diderot in Lyon, whereas the two German copies seem to have been lost.

Critica et Bibliographia

Author(s): Albert Sándor,Michael Moser,Mihay Kochish,Miklós Halmágyi,Julianna M. Pandur,Mihaj Kapral',István Fried,Ágnes Dukkon / Language(s): English,French,Russian,German / Issue: 2/2009

Review of: 1. NYOMÁRKAY István: Rövid horvát és szerb nyelvtörténet [Brève histoire des langues croate et serbe]. Budapest, ELTE BTK Szláv Filológiai Tanszék, 2007. 292 p. by: Sándor Albert 2. KOCSIS Mihály: Tizenhatodik századi ukrán egyházi kézirataink és helyesírásuk [Ukrainische kirchliche Handschriften aus dem 16. Jh. in Ungarn und ihre Orthographie]. (Bibliotheca Slavica Savariensis X.) Szombathely, 2008. 325 p. by: Michael Moser 3. МИКЛАС Хайнц, ТАСЕВА Лора, ЙОВЧЕВА Мария: Берлински сборник. Среднобългарски книжовен паметник от началото на XIV век с допълнения от други ръкописи. София: Кирило-Методиевски научен център, Виена: Издателство на Австрийската академия на науките, 2006. 456 с. by: Михай Кочиш 4. CLEMINSON Ralph, MOUSSAKOVA Elissaveta, VOUTOVA Nina (ed.): Catalogue of the Slavonic Cyrillic Manuscripts of the National Széchényi Library. (CEU Medievalia 9.) Budapest: CEU Department of Medieval Studies & CEU Press & National Széchényi Library, 2006. XL+288 pp. by: Михай Кочиш 5. Studia Hungaro-Bulgarica. Tomus I. Szeged–Sumen, 2007. 274 p. by: Miklós Halmágyi, Julianna M. Pandur 6. УДВАРІ Іштван: Зберька жерел про студії русинського писемства IIІ. Гіадор Стрипськый, народописник, бібліоґраф, языкознатель, товмач. – UDVARI István: Szöveggyűjtemény a ruszin írásbeliség tanulmányozásához III. Sztripszky Hiador, néprajztudós, bibliográfus, nyelvész, műfordító. (Studia Ukrainica et Rusinica Nyíregyháziensia 21.) Nyíregyháza, 2007. 257 p. by: Михай Капраль 7. KISS SZEMÁN Róbert: Magyarország panaszától Szlávia panaszáig. Irodalmi tanulmányok [Von der Klage Ungarns bis zur Klage Slawiens. Literarische Studien]. (Opera Slavica Budapestinensia, Litterae Slavicae.) Budapest: ELTE BTK Szláv Filológiai Tanszék, 2007. 224 p. by: István Fried 8. АТАНАСОВА-СОКОЛОВА Дениз: Письмо как факт русской культуры ХVIII– XIX веков. (Серия Investigationes Russicae.) Budapest, 2006. 271 с. by: Ágnes Dukkon

Croatian interpreters and translators: profiles and reported behaviour in professional settings

Author(s): Jim Hlavac / Language(s): English / Issue: 11/2015

This paper focuses on the profiles and reported behaviour of interpreters and translators for the Croatian language in professional settings in Australia and in Europe. This paper first describes the circumstances of translation and interpreting (hereafter: ‘T&I’) in predominantly Anglophone countries, as well as the norms (professional and ethical) that pertain to the interpreters and translators. The sample of respondents consists of 31 interpreters and translators, of which 16 have accreditation for Croatian only, while fifteen have accreditation with Bosnian and/or Serbian, in addition to Croatian. Data were elicited on the following: reported behaviour in professional and non-professional situations; unanticipated differences in the language for which an assignment was accepted and its actual form; attitudes on assignments with unofficial or unclear designations;others’ assumptions of respondents’ native speaker competency and ethnicity; attitudes towards the distinctness of the three languages. Research results show that there are differences between the two groups in regard to verbal accommodation and readiness to consider interpreting or translation assignments with outdated or unofficial language designations.

Croatian non-standard invariant relativizers in European perspective

Author(s): Jurica Polancec,Ana Mihaljevic / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-2/2016

In this paper, the authors analyze Croatian invariant relativizers (InvRels) in European perspective, with emphasis on InvRels employed in non-standard Croatian. The paper is roughly divided in two parts. In the first part of the paper, previously researched facts about InvRels are reviewed. It is demonstrated that in Croatian, InvRels are more typical of non-standard variety and with fewer syntactic restrictions when compared to standard Croatian. Sociolinguistic variation is also briefly commented on. In the second part of the paper, two previously unanalyzed features of non-standard InvRels are examined by means of the hrWac 2.0 corpus: distribution across the position relativized, and the use of resumptive pronouns with direct object. Due to the nature of corpus data, the investigation was narrowed to the InvRels šta and kaj. The paper demonstrates that the two InvRels are found in most cases with subject, and to a lesser extent with direct object relativization. Other positions relativized are rarely encountered. Resumptive pronouns with inanimate direct objects are readily omitted, while with animate direct object the omission seems fairly rare. These findings are important because they display that only subject and direct object are regularly relativized, even in non-standard Croatian. Furthermore, the major role of animacy with respect to the use of resumptive pronouns is pointed out, with a comparable tendency in Czech (Fried 2010).

Dalibor Brozović, Rasprave i članci

Author(s): Šimun Musa / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 91/2016

Dalibor, Brozović, Rasprave i članci, Matica hrvatska, 2015

Dative of external possession in Croatian

From an areal-typological perspective

Author(s): Motoki Nomachi / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-2/2016

External possession constructions are defined as constructions in which a semantic possessor-possessum relation is expressed by coding the possessor as a core grammatical relation of the verb and in a constituent separate from that which contains the possessum. One construction representative of this phenomenon is that with the dative case as a marker of the possessor, which is known as the dative of possession (DP) and is widely attested in European languages as an areal feature. In this article, I analyze the DP in Croatian, both its standard variety and dialects, particularly from a (micro-)areal-typological perspective, to locate the place of Croatian among Slavic, paying special attention to the correlation between the use of DP and its areal tendency. My analysis led me to conclude that Croatian occupies a place between West Slavic and Slovene, which tend to have a narrower sphere of the use of DP, and Balkanized Slavic, which has a wider sphere of it. This finding can be explained by the fact that West Slavic and Slovene are more habere-type languages than Croatian, which still preserves more esse-type language features that can be also found in the Balkanized Slavic languages.

Delo za budućnost

Author(s): Dragoljub Petrovic / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

Der auf Herrschaft und Staat bezogene Wortschatz im „Entwurf“ des Ilija Garašanin

Author(s): Radoslav Katicic / Language(s): German / Issue: 1(2)/2007

The paper intends to determine Garašanin’s position between Vernacular Serbian and Old Church Slavonic vocabulary and his contribution to the standardization of Serbian literary language.

Der Ausbau des Zivilisationswortschatzes in den Bereichen „Sprache, Bildung und Kunst“, erläutert an einigen Beispielen aus der kroatischen Presse des 19. Jahrhunderts

Author(s): Sabine Pawischitz / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2010

Language, education and art – the focus of this article is on a certain language and linguistic development in the second half of the 19th century in Croatia. This period of emergence and progress of the national movement of the Illyrians brought the emancipation of the modern Croatian language and society. Croatian ideologists, educated in German in Vienna and Budapest, began to use new formed words and phrases experimentally in newspapers and magazines. These media gave them the possibility to solve language uncertainties and to get rid of the baroque plurality of expressions, bringing their ideas to a broader public. Thus an applied language policy without institutionalised linguists took shape. The Illyrian very consistent work on Croatian word formation became the main model for the modern Croatian language. In contrast to the well-documented results printed in dictionaries, the intermediate stages of this work, as we can find them in newspapers and magazines, have been rare subject of discussion until now. Due to this reason the material analysed in this article is an essential addition to the already published works dealing with the modern Croatian language development.

Der Instrumental des Ortes und der Zeit in den slavischen Sprachen. Kasusmarkierung und präpositionale Kodierung lokaler und temporaler Relationen im Russischen, Polnischen und Serbeischen / Kroatischen

Author(s): A.V. Koroleva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 60/2015

Review of: The instrumental of place and time in the Slavic languages. Case marking and prepositional coding of local and temporal relations in Russian, Polish and Serbian / Croatian. Oldenburg: BIS-Verlag, 2014.

Derywaty z interfiksem -i- / -i/y- oraz pierwszym członem czasownikowym w języku serbskim, rosyjskim oraz polskim

Author(s): Dragana Ratkovic / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 51/2016

The paper gives a comparative historical analysis of derivative words with the i / i/y- interfix and a verb as the first component in Serbian, Russian and Polish from the standpoint of contemporary Slavic morphology (derivatology). The aim is to provide their description in terms of semantic variation. The author ascertains that all the three languages feature a derivational model of forming expressive lexis by means of the i / i/y- interfix, predominantly nouns, of mostly humorous and pejorative meaning. A special group is formed by onyms (nicknames turned surnames, but also toponyms, oronyms, hydronyms etc). This type of words first occurred in Serbian and Russian in the thirteenth century (possibly in Serbian in the eleventh century), and in Polish in the fifteenth century. Judging by the available sources, derivatives with the i- interfix appear frequently in historical as well as modern Serbian, Polish and Russian (much more in Serbian and Polish than in Russian). In Serbian and Russian pre-nineteenth-century sources chiefly given names and nicknames-turnedsurnames were noted (in Russian, also some animal and plant names as well as abstract nouns). In Old Polish, words of the discussed kind are zoological and botanical lexemes; from Middle Polish on, the lexemes encompass all semantic categories characteristic of modern Serbian and Russian. It should, however, be stressed that the inaccessibility of the spoken language as well as the limited number of sources introduce considerable uncertainty to observations regarding the time of origin and vocabulary of the first centuries of Slavic languages. This applies especially to expressively marked lexemes, a considerable portion of which is constituted by common nouns of the “A (verb) + -i- / -i/y- + B” model. In contemporary Serbian, Polish and Russian, the lexis formed by means of this derivational model is almost equally developed conceptually and relates predominantly to the same phenomena. Expressive words in all three languages are formed in the processes of metonymisation, metaphorisation, personification, hyperbolization and grotesque, and are characterized by numerous derivational and semantic equivalents.

DIctionnaire Synchronique des FAmilles dÉrivationnelles de mots français (DISFA ) jako faza ewolucji słowotwórstwa gniazdowego

Author(s): Wanda Fijalkowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 21/2016

The lexicography of the Slavonic nations, especially the branch of nest lexicography, has seen an impetuous development since the sixties, producing at least fifty publications, but it remains effectively unknown to French lexicography. Updated terminology, the symbols of successive parts of speech in the word-formative chain from the centre of the nest to the specific derivative, remain an achievement of researchers solely on this side of the Rhône. The DISFA dictionary (Claude Gruaz et al., published *""‰) neither does refer to the Slavonic tradition, nor even to the native, French tradition (p.ex. an unfinished project from the nineties that was initiated by Danielle Corbin), and remains despite the announcements only a morphological and etymological dictionary.

Die Bedeutung von László Hadrovics im Bereich der kroatistischen Philologie

Author(s): István Vig / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2016

The present paper is a narrower cross-section of the very rich contribution to Croatistics by the Hungarian linguist László Hadrovics (1910–1996). It presents the findings of his research entailing the contact between the Hungarian and the Croatian languages, the Croatian literary language in Burgenland (former Western Hungary) as well as his findings in etymological studies. Hadrovics was a prominent, internationally acknowledged linguist of his time. His great achievements are marked by the richness in data and by the numerous novel methodological approaches applied in his monograph on the words of Hungarian origin in the Serbo-Croatian language. His book served as a pattern to a great number of successive publications. His work on the Croatian literary language in Burgenland, among others, publishes its first dictionary of this kind. As far as his etymological studies are concerned, the renewal of his research methods is of prominent interest. Hadrovics broke up with the practice of earlier etymological research which was based on using dictionary entries. The author went back to the sources themselves, which yielded much more reliable results. With his new approach, he gained outstanding results, even on an international level.

Die kroatische Sprache im Burgenland heute

Author(s): Gerhard Neweklowsky / Language(s): German / Issue: 1-2/2006

The paper gives a survey of the situation of Burgenland Croatian today. The Croats of the former Western Hungarian lands originate mostly from the 16th century. Their present number is approximately 20000 in Austria, and even smaller in Hungary and Slovakia. The Croats in Austria are bi-lingual, Croatian and German. Their literary language is a Čakavian, ikavian-ekavian variety of Croatian, which has been written since the 17th century. Efforts to standardize the language have resulted in dictionaries and a grammar recently. Language contacts between Burgenland Croatian on the one hand, and Standard Croatian, German, and Hungarian on the other are described. Language policy is not very much in favor of the Croats. Nevertheless have they achieved better presence in the mass media during the last years. The linguistic usage of bi-lingual individuals differs according to age, sex, and profession. Bi-lingual instruction is conducted in a small number of schools only.

Die sekundären nominalen Wortbildungsmuster im Altalbanischen bei Gjon Buzuku. Ein Beitrag zur altalbanischen Lexikographie

Author(s): Ina Arapi / Language(s): Albanian / Issue: 01-02/2016

The review of: “Die sekundären nominalen Wortbildungsmuster im Altalbanischen bei Gjon Buzuku. Ein Beitrag zur altalbanischen Lexikographie” by Joachim Matzinger; Albanische Forschungen Band 38, Harrasowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2016

Die slavischen Bezeichnungen für den ‘Streik’

Author(s): Johannes Reinhart / Language(s): German / Issue: 1(2)/2007

The languages of the world present either native designations for the notion of ‘strike (= ‘the organized refusal to work’)’ (e. g. Arab. iđra:b, Chin. bà gōng, Indon. pemogokan, Ivrit švita) or they have borrowed the term in question (Japan. sutoraiku < English, Turk. grev < French, Malag. grevy < French). In European languages a similar situation can be observed, although the English word strike has been borrowed in relatively numerous languages (Danish, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish). Some European languages, however, preferred the French word grève (Albanian, Portuguese, Rumanian). The Slavic languages are no exception to the general European tendency: some borrowed the Anglicism—directly or via German—(Croatian/Serbian, Macedonian, Polish, Slovak, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian), others resorted to native terms (Czech stávka, Russ. stačka). Altogether the Slavic languages have five different groups for the designation of the notion of ‘strike’. It is a peculiarity of Slavic languages that some of them have borrowed the designation of ‘strike’ from other Slavic languages (Bulgarian < Russian; Belorussian, Ukrainian < Russian; Slovene, Upper Sorbian < Czech).

Die Sprachkenntnisse von Faust Vrančić im Licht seines fünfsprachigen Dictionariums

Author(s): István Vig / Language(s): German / Issue: 2/2014

The Croatian Faust Vrančić published a five-language dictionary (Latin–Italian– German–Croatian–Hungarian) in the year 1595. This study examines to what extent the author knew these languages, apart from Latin. Not only does it scrutinise the knowledge of words of Vrančić but it also restores his awareness of the rules of the different languages, relying us several linguistic data. Vrančić must have had an excellent and active command of all the four languages, as the study finds it. The only difference in his awareness of languages can merely be pointed out in his vocabulary, concerning each. He knew the Hungarian language best and the Croatian language least. It can also be pointed out that the author was very resourceful in the field of lexicography

DIJAHRONIJSKI PREGLED UPOTREBE VEZNIKA I U KONSTRUKCIJI DETERMINATIVNIH VIŠEČLANIH KARDINALNIH BROJEVA

Author(s): Aleksandar Stefanovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2016

In this work, the author analyses the evolution of the use of the conjunction i in the expression of compound numerals functioning as determiners (cardinal and collective numerals; nominal numerals ending in -ica, derived from collective numerals and adjectival numerals). This paper offers a historical and dialectological overview, without which the state of the current written and oral languages cannot be judged. It also pays particular attention to the views concerning that issue contained in language textbooks. One of the conclusions of the paper is that those views generally do not coincide with usage in modern language(s).