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Balkanlinguistik: Grundlagen und aktuelle Fragen

Balkanlinguistik: Grundlagen und aktuelle Fragen

Author(s): Helmut Wilhelm Schaller / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2015

Balkan linguistics as a comparative discipline of Indo-European linguistics has to deal with languages spoken in the Balkan peninsula, as there are Bulgarian, Macedonian, Bosnian, Serbian as South Slavic languages, except Croate and Slovene, but also Albanian and Rumanian with its different representations in the Balkans. There are a lot of similarities and parallels between the grammatical forms and lexical elements in these languages, the socalled “Balkanisms”, a term described since the middle of the 19th century. Since this time Balkan linguistics has found and described not only a large number of Balkanisms, but developed also new directions and methods, as there are today the wider fields of “Südosteuropa- Linguistik” and “Eurolinguistik” including not only Balkan languages, but also Baltic and Scandinavian languages. Over the last years the so-called “field-work” has gained importance. This is a method aimed at finding new balkanisms but also aimed at describing their spreading out within the dialects of Balkan languages. Attempts have been made to realize the project of a “Balkan Sprachatlas” in Marburg, but nowadays there seems to be no possibility to continue this project.

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Чуждата лексика в Йоан Екзарховия прерод на De fide orthodoxa

Чуждата лексика в Йоан Екзарховия прерод на De fide orthodoxa

Author(s): Tatyana Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2013

The present study deals with the foreign vocabulary in John Exarch’s translation of De fide orthodoxa known as Nebessa and also as Bogoslovie. The observations were made on the critical edition of the text prepared by L. Sadnik and the index of the text’s forms attached to it. The index was compiled by R. Aitzetmüller. On the basis of an analysis of the investigated category of words in the stock of words under study the article treats of the problems concerning the transcription morphological and assimilation of the borrowings in Old Bulgarian, their status in its lexical system, the peculiar features of the process of their adoption by the language. An attempt has been made to systematize the types of deviations and to interpret the causes of these deviations.

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SŁOWIAŃSKIE POŁUDNIE W CZASIE I PRZESTRZENI

SŁOWIAŃSKIE POŁUDNIE W CZASIE I PRZESTRZENI

Author(s): Zuzana Topolińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The author discusses some social/ethnological characteristics of the Slavic South as opposed to the Slavic North: 1. the influence of the multicultural and multilingual environment on the direction, scope and pace of grammaticalization processes, 2. the character, phases and results of the first Slavic standardization with the church, and not the state, as the control ling power, 3. the influence of the absence of state administration based on the local language and local customs on the growth of local patriotism and the emergence of the so called „little motherlands,“ 4. a late standardization of national languages and, in consequence, an accelerated development of the local variants of the „science of language“ and its reflection on all levels of education.

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ДИФТОНГАЦИЈА У ДАЛМAТОРОМАНСКИМ РЕЛИКТИМА ЛАТИНСКОГ СУФИКСА -ĔLLU, -А** (ИЗ БАЛКАНСКОГ ЛАТИНИТЕТА XII)

ДИФТОНГАЦИЈА У ДАЛМAТОРОМАНСКИМ РЕЛИКТИМА ЛАТИНСКОГ СУФИКСА -ĔLLU, -А** (ИЗ БАЛКАНСКОГ ЛАТИНИТЕТА XII)

Author(s): Orsat Ligorio / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2018

Vowel breaking in Dalmatian Romance appears to have evolved in two phases and, in Montenegro, Serbo-Croatian ‘relics’ of Dalmatian Romance derivatives in -Ĕ́LLU, -A appear to show two distinct outcomes of the Ĕ́, namely Serbo-Croatian *ě > jе and (i)jа. The paper purports that jе-relics continue phase I of the vowel breaking, i.e. Ĕ́> *i̭е, and that (i)jа-relics continue phase II of the process, i.e. *i̭е >*i̭а. From the data, it would appear that phase I was all-Dalmatian, being well documented throughout Dalmatia, and that phase II was specifically Montenegrin, being by and large at tested in Montenegro (and Veglia, in Vegliot, where it has long since been documented and recognised as such).

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О ЗАВИСНОСЛОЖЕНИМ РЕЧЕНИЦАМА СА КОМЕНТАТИВНОМ КОНДИЦИОНАЛНОМ КЛАУЗОМ

О ЗАВИСНОСЛОЖЕНИМ РЕЧЕНИЦАМА СА КОМЕНТАТИВНОМ КОНДИЦИОНАЛНОМ КЛАУЗОМ

Author(s): Jasmina Moskovljević Popović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2018

In contemporary Serbian, besides prototypical complex sentences with a conditional clause, there are several types of complex sentences with a conditional clause which has a primarily commentative function: На отварање изложбе дошло је двадесетак људи, ако их је било и толико (At the exhibition opening, there were some - twenty people, if that many); Уколико добро памтим, багрем је прошле године цве тао ранo (If I remember well, acacias blossomed early last year), etc. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the syntactic structure of complex sentences of this type, to identify their syntactic and semantic subtypes, and to explore and describe their discourse functions.

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СРПСКА ДИЈАЛЕКТОЛОГИЈА ЈУЧЕ, ДАНАС И СУТРА

СРПСКА ДИЈАЛЕКТОЛОГИЈА ЈУЧЕ, ДАНАС И СУТРА

Author(s): Slobodan Remetić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2017

Although the beginnings of Serbian dialectology are related to the work of Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, this linguistic discipline was academically established in the early 20th century, when Milan Rešetar and Aleksandar Belić appeared on the scene simultaneously. Owing to their exchange of opinions, the conceptions in classifying Serbian dialects evolved over the 1905–1910 period more noticeably than in the whole of earlier or later research. The 20th century is considered to be the golden age of Serbian dialectology, the primary academic preoccupation of the two greatest Serbian linguists of the last century: Aleksandar Belić and Pavle Ivić. Though certain milestones were hit in the mentioned period (many blank spots were removed from the dialectal maps; dozens of monographic descriptions were published on individual speech types; valuable initial results were achieved in the domain of urban dialectology; valuable studies were completed in the domain of dialectal lexicography and onomasticon, many questions were answered in Serbian historical dialectology, etc.), as things turned out, serious and comprehensive tasks were transferred into the third millennium. In order to pass the final judgement on the relevant matters of the discipline, it is necessary to define the areals of some phonological features on the territory of Serbia and eastern Bosnia, details that earlier researchers have missed. The results of the study of the Serbian dialectal complex were predominantly published in the Serbian Dialectological Review (Srpski dijalektološki zbornik), a respectable journal established in 1905 in the Serbian Royal Academy after the publication of Aleksandar Belić’s seminal Dialects of Eastern and Southern Serbia. The paper emphasises the unequal degree of study of the Serbian dialectal mosaic, in which as a rule the area of the western republics of the former state „takes precedence,“ where the Serbian speeches did not have a priority status. During the latest war operations, the extensive zones were temporarily left without Serbs, which imposed the duty onto dialectologists to establish the language credentials of the vast areas in their study of the refugees’ speech. The most important tasks of Serbian dialectology were thematically and geographically encompassed in a comprehensive long-term project „Dialectological Research of the Serbian Language Area,“ a joint enterprise of the Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences and its Institute of the Serbian Language. A relevant position within the project is occupied by the compilation of the Serbian Dialectological Atlas, a task facing serious, often hardly solvable problems. The historical events from the close of the last century destroyed the perspective of compiling the Serbo-Croatian Dialectological Atlas, and imposed upon us the task of additional inclusion of Serbian speeches from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia into the atlas of Serbian dialects. Particular problems arise from the impossibility of field work on the territory of Croatia, from where since the dissolution of the former state we have not inherited a single studied Serbian spot, and that considerable deficit is mostly relieved through the study of refugees’ speech. Thirty-odd still unstudied spots from the mentioned area are an obstacle to the final editing and prepress of the First Lexical Volume of the Atlas. The paper stresses the unused student potential in the collection of oral linguistic heritage and appeals to the dialectologists that, in such tasks, they should assist the amateur enthusiasts in the collection and treatment of homeland oral linguistic tradition.

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СРПСКИ ЈЕЗИК У СВЕТЛУ КОНТРАСТИВНО-ТИПОЛОШКИХ ИСТРАЖИВАЊА

СРПСКИ ЈЕЗИК У СВЕТЛУ КОНТРАСТИВНО-ТИПОЛОШКИХ ИСТРАЖИВАЊА

Author(s): Milivoj Alanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2017

The main aim of this work is to present the most important research results in Serbian Lingistics in the field of contact and cognitive linguistics in the course of the 21st century. It was necessary to select those papers which were concerned with semantic, lexical-grammatical, contact and cognitive themes and problems, but which at the same time clearly represent the most important research tendencies and predict further investigations in the language sciences.

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ВУК СТЕФАНОВИЋ КАРАЏИЋ: СРПСКИ РЈЕЧНИК ИЛИ
АЗБУЧНИ РОМАН, КЊИЖЕВНИ ДЕЛОВИ ПРВОГ И ДРУГОГ ИЗДАЊА (1818, 1852), приредио Миро Вуксановић, Нови Сад, 2012: Издавачки центар Матице српске – 548.

ВУК СТЕФАНОВИЋ КАРАЏИЋ: СРПСКИ РЈЕЧНИК ИЛИ АЗБУЧНИ РОМАН, КЊИЖЕВНИ ДЕЛОВИ ПРВОГ И ДРУГОГ ИЗДАЊА (1818, 1852), приредио Миро Вуксановић, Нови Сад, 2012: Издавачки центар Матице српске – 548.

Author(s): Rajna M. Dragićević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2017

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ТЕРМИНИ ИЗ СФЕРЕ ПРАВОСЛАВНЕ ДУХОВНОСТИ У
САВРЕМЕНОМ СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ

ТЕРМИНИ ИЗ СФЕРЕ ПРАВОСЛАВНЕ ДУХОВНОСТИ У САВРЕМЕНОМ СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ

Author(s): Ružica S. Levuškina / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2017

The subject of this paper is the terminology from the sphere of Orthodox spirituality. In the first part, earlier research in this field is described and the main conclusions and achievements are outlined. The terms of this field in contemporary Serbian are divided into the terminological (sub)systems. Some of them are presented completely and described semantically in greater detail. At the end, we indicate the research that we think is necessary to be done in the future, in order to complete the inventorisation of the terms and their description from various linguistic aspects. In this way, Serbian theolinguistics and linguistics in general can be expanded and enriched with new achievements.

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Към балканските езикови контакти. Произход на няколко български диалектни думи

Към балканските езикови контакти. Произход на няколко български диалектни думи

Author(s): Hristina Deykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 74/2019

The article specifies and corrects the etymologies of several Bulgarian dialectal words borrowed from Turkish and Greek that exemplify the difficulties in etymologizing Balkan borrowings penetrating via language contact between the Bulgarian language and the neighboring Balkan languages. The connection of фотли and футл‘a carved trunk through which water runs out of a spring or a well’ with футùя ‘a kind of cask, barrel’ proposed in the Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary (BED) is rejected and these words are related to хотл and хутл with the same meaning, which come from Turkish dialectal hotul with the same meaning. The explanations of футùя and фучùя ‘a kind of cask, barrel’ in the BED are specifi ed. The connection of харàк ‘ruler’ with харàк (with variants) ‘bean wrapping rod’ proposed by M. Filipova-Bayrova and Ch. Tzitzilis who derive these homonyms from the Greek χαράκι ‘straight line’ is also rejected with the assumption that the first one comes from the Greek χαράκι ‘straight line’, whereas the second comes from the Turkish dialectal harak ‘a truncated tree branch’.

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O leksiku u kajkavskom narječju

O leksiku u kajkavskom narječju

Author(s): Đuro Blažeka / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2021

The paper provides basic information about the Kajkavian lexicon, its origin, its contact with the Hungarian and German languages and about contemporary phenomena in its interference with the Croatian standard language (pseudo-analogonymy and the latest semantic adaptations). As the lexicon of Croatian Kajkavian dialects is marginally represented in the existing etymological dictionaries of the Croatian language, the paper points out that it is difficult to classify a large number of lexemes that are not found in any of the Slavic languages. Lexical borrowing of Hungarianisms occurs very rarely to fill in lexical gaps and is much more common for non-linguistic reasons (geographical and political) because the vast majority of them had equivalents in the recipients’ vernaculars at the time of primary adaptation. Of the semantic fields covered by Hungarianisms, the most numerous is the one that refers to pejorative meanings in the context of human characteristics, appearance and behaviour, whereas those covered by Germanisms refer to technical expressions from various trades.

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Vokativ prezimena muških osoba u suvremenom hrvatskom jeziku

Vokativ prezimena muških osoba u suvremenom hrvatskom jeziku

Author(s): Alen Orlić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2-3/2022

The paper deals with the vocative singular of male surnames. This topic is not given much space in grammar books, although due to the diversity of vocative endings, speakers may find themselves in doubt about which vocative form to use. The paper gives a detailed overview of how normative manuals deal with this topic and presents the results of a comprehensive study of the use of vocative endings among the speakers of the Croatian language.

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NIJESU SVE GREŠKE ZAISTA GREŠKE

NIJESU SVE GREŠKE ZAISTA GREŠKE

Author(s): Bojan Minić / Language(s): Montenegrine Issue: 13/2016

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STRUKA U SUDARU SA POLITIKANSTVOM

STRUKA U SUDARU SA POLITIKANSTVOM

Author(s): Rajka Glušica / Language(s): Montenegrine Issue: 13/2016

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Прилог акценатским особеностима говора Свинице у Румунији

Прилог акценатским особеностима говора Свинице у Румунији

Author(s): Aleksandra Lončar Raičević,Nadežda Jović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2023

This paper represents the continuation of phonetic-phonological research within the project “Research on the Culture and History of the Serbs in Romania”, which takes place under the auspices of the Center for Scientific Research and Culture of the Serbs in Romania. It is based on field research conducted during September 2022, in Serbian settlements in the Danube Gorge in Romania (Svinica). The analysis of accent characteristics—the inventory and distribution of prosodes in the speech of Svinica-revealed that it is a specific mixed speech type in which elements of the three-accent system are present, but also the process of simplification and liquidation of tonal oppositions and the appearance of an expiratory accent, which is characteristic of the speeches of Eastern Serbia. The analysis of the linguistic material presented in the paper supports the thesis concerning the autochthonous Serbian population in the Banat Gorge.

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Лични надимци заплањске варошице Гаџин Хан

Лични надимци заплањске варошице Гаџин Хан

Author(s): Sandra G. Savić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2024

The paper analyzes the personal nicknames of Gadžin Han from a linguistic perspective. The personal nicknames are part of the anthroponomic system of Zaplanje, the geographic area to which the small town of Gadžin Han belongs.The research material, collected during the fieldwork from conversations with the town residents, includes 230 personal nicknames. It is categorized into two semantic groups: male personal nicknames (199) and female personal nicknames (31), and then further assigned to more specific semantic groups. For male nicknames, there are fifteen narrower semantic groups, and for female nicknames, there are six. The smaller number of female nicknames suggests a patriarchal culture within the community.The largest number of nicknames is motivated by family names and personal names of relatives, followed by occupation, as well as physical appearance. The index of nicknames, together with the reason given for the origin of the nickname, is also provided.

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Ономастика алексиначког Кормана

Ономастика алексиначког Кормана

Author(s): Dušan R. Stefanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2024

This paper presents the onomastic material from Korman, a village located in the northwestern part of Pomoravlje of Aleksinac. After some remarks about the village itself, the paper contains a list of microtoponyms as well as a list of anthroponyms, including surnames, male personal names, female personal names, male nicknames, female nicknames, male hypocoristics and female hypocoristics. The main reason for extracting the onomastic material from Korman is that it has not yet been presented to the scientific public and the material presented in this paper will serve for future broader onomastic research.

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Языковой и культурологический континуум современной Южной Славии: сербский, хорватский, боснийский и черногорский языки (pro et contra)
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Языковой и культурологический континуум современной Южной Славии: сербский, хорватский, боснийский и черногорский языки (pro et contra)

Author(s): Mikhail Sergeevich Khmelevskiy / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1-2/2022

The paper deals with current issues of the language situation that has developed in the South Slavic space, with the involvement of cultural and phraseological material. The approach to determining the status of the Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin languages is substantiated on the basis of a set of criteria for distinguishing them as independent languages. The relevance of the stated problems is presented in the search for its objective, both linguistic and extralinguistic resolution. The issues of language and dialect are the subject of a rather sharp long-term discussion among the nations of Southern Slavia, which is due to both political factors and the growth of national self-consciousness, which reached its maximum degree in the 1990s.

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Трагом пастирке лексике призренско-тимочких говора (Александар Лома (гл. ур.), Недељко Богдановић (ур.), „Пастирска лексика призренско-тимочких говора”, зборник радова, Ниш–Београд: Огранак САНУ у Нишу – Институт за српски језик САНУ, 2024, 307 стр.)

Трагом пастирке лексике призренско-тимочких говора (Александар Лома (гл. ур.), Недељко Богдановић (ур.), „Пастирска лексика призренско-тимочких говора”, зборник радова, Ниш–Београд: Огранак САНУ у Нишу – Институт за српски језик САНУ, 2024, 307 стр.)

Author(s): Dušan R. Stefanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2025

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Субстандардна лексика у поезији Србољуба Митића (Голуб Јашовић, „Субстандардна лексика у поезији Србољуба Митића”, Пожаревац–Београд: Друштво за српски језик и књижевност за Браничевски округ – „Филип Вишњић”, 2023, 214 стр.)

Субстандардна лексика у поезији Србољуба Митића (Голуб Јашовић, „Субстандардна лексика у поезији Србољуба Митића”, Пожаревац–Београд: Друштво за српски језик и књижевност за Браничевски округ – „Филип Вишњић”, 2023, 214 стр.)

Author(s): Emilija D. Redžić Mirković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2025

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