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Бъдещите времена в българския език като морфосинтактични характеристики на Балканския езиков съюз

Author(s): Helmut Wilhelm Schaller / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The paper examines the system of future tenses in Bulgarian as part of the morphosyntactic specificities of the Balkansprachbund. A hypothesis is presented that there exists a Balkan center of future tenses – from Byzantine and Modern Greek to Bulgarian (including Macedonian), Serbian and Croatian, up to Slovene, where the future tense is formed by the verb to be. However, Bulgarian has indeed the largest number of future tense paradigms. Some verb forms in contemporary Bulgarian originate from Old Bulgarian. This is valid for both – synthetic and analytic forms. At the same time, some verb forms result from an influence by other Balkan languages, e.g. the adstrat languages like Balkan Romance or Balkan Greek, and a superstrat language like Turkish.

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Наблюдения върху структурните типове прости изречения в българската устна реч

Author(s): Yovka Tisheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The main topic of this article is to discuss the specific models for explicit representation of verbal arguments in Spoken Bulgarian. Object of analyzes are the realizations of overt pronominal subjects in positions where they should be omitted and the influence of some morphfsyntactic and pragmatic factors on verbal phrase structure. The examples presented in the text are from electronic resources for Spoken Bulgarian available at bgspeech.net, as well as from computer mediated communication.

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М-повторенията в българската реч

Author(s): Stoyan Burov,Velin Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Reduplication constructions expressing multiplicity and intensity are used in Bulgarian such as бавно-бавно, рано-рано, на вълни на вълни. The reduplicated words function as various parts of speech – adverbs, adjectives, nouns, numerals, verbs. Such wordformation patterns can be found in a number of languages, including the Balkan languages. According to some researchers, the Turkish language has played a major role in making that phenomenon widespread in Bulgarian and the rest of the Balkan languages. Total reduplication is a word-formation pattern that is widespread in the Turkic languages, including Turkish. Alongside such reduplication constructions, partial reduplication is also used in Bulgarian speech, mainly with plural nouns, where the reduplicated word starts with the m vowel, e.g. кебапчета-мебапчета, бири-мири, компютри- момпютри, дънки-мънки, кръвно-мръвно. We have labelled such constructions m-reduplication. The study presents preliminary observations on that interesting phenomenon in the Bulgarian language, which so far has not been explored in detail.

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Към въпроса за граматическите отношения в апозитивните словосъчетания

Author(s): Anton Getsov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The paper aims at presenting the history of the Bulgarian linguistic thought on the status of word groups consisting of an appositive and a nominal it modifies. The research focus is laid on the multitude of ways authors interpret both grammatical relations between the components of the analysed word groups and the syntactic connections by means of which such relations are realized. While in the past the main problem had to do with mixing of detached secondary parts and the apposition, at present studies focus on the difficulty of identifying the syntactic functions of the components in the appositive word group. The main reason for such an ambivalent identification is that sentence components, which differ both semantically and morphologically, are defined as appositions without applying any sound criterion.

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Зависимости между нагласите към речевата вариантност и материален статус на респондентите

Author(s): Krasimira Aleksova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The paper presents results of a study which explores the connections between two variables: the attitudes towards twelve nonstandard oral variables and the ‘median net-adjusted disposable income per household member’. A positive correlation has been found in 29 out of 36 analyses. In all these 29 cases, attitudes for correctness and non-euphonic together with local markedness values are increasing starting from the group of median income below poverty threshold, passing through the group located between poverty threshold and middle class lower limit, and reaching up to the middleclass group. The studied high class has either 17 cases of the most negative attitudes or 8 cases in which its values equal the middleclass ones or presents 11 cases of negative attitudes percentage below the middle-class level. These inferences evidence that, unlike Western sociolinguistic studies outcomes, high-class in Bulgaria does not seem to be necessarily an arbiter of societal attitudes nor it is a model of greatest intolerance towards non-standard language forms.

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Eхо-въпросите като средство за пренасочване на отговора

Author(s): Venera Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Echo questions can be described as repetitive questions. They have not been the subject of a more in-depth linguistic analysis on Bulgarian language, which motivates the present study. With the dialogue unity of a replication stimulus and a replication response we will study their specificities as models that redirect the response and there will be presented models and more specific cases of use.

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Устният морализаторски регистър в медийния и всекидневния дискурс

Author(s): Andreana Eftimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The study will attempt to summarize the most preferred and widely used language means in the realization of the moralizing register in the media and in the daily speech discourse. For this purpose, the patterns of oral media and daily speech texts are selected and analysed in order to identify the typical features of the moralizing register. According to the typology of the linguistic characteristics of Douglas Biber and Susan Conrad (Biber, Conrad 2009: 53), the peculiarities and markers of the register are sought. The elements of any linguistic level are counted and analyzed: phonetic, morphological, syntactic, lexical, etc., which indicate as signals for the existence of a moralizing register.

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Приложение на англицизмите при комуникация в областта на маркетинга - съпоставителн анализ в немския и българския език

Author(s): Svetla Panayotova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Globalization of economics in the contemporary market conditions contributes for many of the trade and economic transactions being carried out in English. Specialists perceive English language as an international Lingua Franca. This paper presents the application of anglicisms in German and Bulgarian language from a comparative aspect with focus on the marketing field.

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Концептът Политик в лозунгите на протестиращия българин от 2013 г.

Author(s): Niya Peneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

In the concept sphere of the protesting Bulgarian, the concept “politician” is characterized predominantly by negative traits and features – inconsistency, duplicity, insincerity, deceit, lie, vanity, ostentation, lack of principles, changes of affiliation, and manifestations of obsession, insanity, incoordination and inadequacy. This attitude directly reflects on the way the Bulgarian treats the institutions – negatively, disrespectfully and distrustfully.

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Концептът глупост в българската картина на света

Author(s): Maria Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The stupidity is an universal human quality which is included in the criteria for human assessment and is therefore of interest from the point of view of the anthropocentric research paradigm. In opposition to the mind, the stupidity is assessed as a negative human quality. The article analyzes in linguocultural terms the three sides of the concept: concept, image and meaning (according to Vorkachоv’s classification). In order to find the national specific, a comparison is made with the Polish language. Observations are made on material from several sources: dictionary descriptions, paremiology, jargon, and associative interpretation of the concept.

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Към въпроса за употребата на каузативни глаголи в интернет

Author(s): Teodora Rabovyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The paper examines verbs, which are commonly used in the language of Internet or in our daily conversations. We differentiate 2 groups: “new” transitive verbs and “ex-reflexive” verbs. Each group is accompanied by formula to visualize the grammatical change and by typical word-forming or semantic model. We analyze different examples from internet sources.

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Страдателният залог в устната реч

Author(s): Marina Dzhonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The main topic of the article is the use of passive voice in Spoken Bulgarian. Special attention is paid to the passives with the auxiliary verb biva. A review of the existing opinions on the use of the forms under consideration is made. The possible contexts of use, as well as the presence or absence of competing passive verb forms in the given context, are considered. A conclusion for the preference of a passive verb form with biva is made.

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За интонационния контур на подчинените подложни изречения

Author(s): Vladislav Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The paper discusses the intonation contours of the complex sentences with subject clauses in Bulgarian. It shows that there exists partial similarity between the intonation contours of some complex sentences with subject clauses and with modifier clauses. A conclusion is made that when the subject clause is introduced by the relative „който“ (“who”), in the intersentential area between the two sentences a pause occurs that probably marks the missing subject. In cases when the subordinate clause is postpositioned and introduced by the subordinators „да“ (“to”), „че“ (“that”) and „как“ (“how”), the whole complex sentence is formed as a one-component phrase and pronounced without a pause.

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Елиптични синтактични конструкции в българската разговорна реч

Author(s): Radoslav Tsonev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The article examines some of the most typical syntax structures in Bulgarian colloquial speech – those with omitted elements. Although the elliptical utterances are found in examples of literary language too, the loss of syntax units can be definite as mostly colloquial phenomenon.

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Глаголи от свършен вид в сегашно повторително време

Author(s): Elitsa Topalova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The article analyses the cases in which some verbs of the perfective aspect are used in forms of present repetitive tense in main clauses. The contemporary Bulgarian speech practice and some Bulgarian classical and modern literature are used as the sourse of the examples observed in the article. The paper concludes that the phenomenon had transferred to fiction from the speech practice.

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Някои проблеми при рецепцията на словните граници в устната комуникация

Author(s): Bilyana Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The aim of the investigation is to discuss some problems, which occur in the oral communication and reflect the speech segmentation process. By the help of the immediate context, their linguistic and encyclopedic competence people usually segment correctly the texts of the other communicants. The communication ‘collapse” happens more often when the recipients are children or people with another L1.

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За някои функции на клитиката СИ в разговорната реч

Author(s): Verka Sasheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The functions and the semantic nuances of the particle “oneself” in the colloquial speech are analyzed in the article. These semantic nuances as well as the functions of the clitic “oneself” are determined not solely by the valency of the verb but also by the specifics of the colloquial communicative sphere. In some events the particle “oneself” may have a predominantly emotional-expressive function, in others – modal, and in third ones – a modal-expressive function. The emotional-expressive and the modal function of the particle oneself are analyzed in the presentation. The word formation particle oneself and the reflexive pronoun “oneself” are beyond the scope of our investigation because they are not stylistically marked in the colloquial sphere of communication.

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Степени на евфемизация/ дисфемизация в медийната реч с оглед на политическата коректност

Author(s): Andreana Eftimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The paper puts a few questions on existing of neutral nominations, the role of context and mechanisms of creation and occurrence of political correct nominations. It examines semantic classifications of euphemisms/ dysphemisms according to different semantic categories in media speech.

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Домашните любимци и мъжколичните числителни

Author(s): Kjetil Rе Hauge / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

Bulgarian has a set of numerals that according to normative grammars should be used with nouns denoting male persons. In recent informal writing there can be seen a tendency to use these also for male domestic pets. The article discusses the possible reasons for this development.

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Целта на изказването и поражденото на метафората

Author(s): Verginiya Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The paper focuses on the thesis that the goal of the utterance plays a catalytic role in the creation of metaphors in dialogic communication. The author’s intention to get a maximally clear description, clarification, argumentation and ‘transfer’ of the listener’s awareness in the cognitive and emotional field of the speaker leads to the generation of metaphors and metaphorical images approaching the addressee’s apprehension.

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