ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ ТЕКСТА АПОСТОЛА В СОВРЕМЕННОМ РУССКОМ ЛИТЕРАТУРНОМ ЯЗЫКЕ

Author(s): Mariya Olegovna Novak / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

Using the Russian National Corpus, we study how the set expressions originated from the Acts and Epistles of the Apostles function in Russian literary texts (19th–21th centuries) of different genres. We discuss the ways of their semantic transformation depending on the genre and the content of the work. We determine that in the journalistic texts these expressions often change their meanings and lose semantic connections with the source, whereas in the belles-lettres texts they retain these ties and serve as an instrument of stylization (speech characterization) or verbal game.

ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ ЦЕЛЕВОГО СОЮЗА ДАБЫ В ПУБЛИЦИСТИКЕ XX–XXI ВЕКОВ: ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ И КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЙ АСПЕКТЫ

Author(s): Natalia Pavlovna Galkina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2021

The study of outdated vocabulary and the appropriateness of its use is of interest from the point of view of the development and preservation of the language richness and variability, especially amid current standardization, simplification and unification of languages in general and the Russian language in particular. The article presents analysis of the use of a low-frequency conjunction of purpose дабы in publicist texts from the point of view of the meanings it can bring. In linguistic literature, it is labeled as outdated, bookish, and stylistically colored. The author assumes that the choice of atypical linguistic means should be considered an indicator of the language flexibility and its adjustment to the most accurate expression of meaning in a given communicative situation. The author uses specific examples to show that the use of this conjunction in publicist texts is stylistically relevant, since it can serve not only as a means of archaization for adding some historical color, but also as a tool for giving the text a touch of solemnity and sublimity, as well as for implicit expression of the author’s irony, sarcasm or evaluation. In particular cases, the purpose component introduced by the conjunction дабы may function independently, separately from the main sentence/clause, indicating a call or motivation rather than a goal. Thus, the use of atypical means of communication correlates with such main functions of the journalistic style as providing information, evaluation, incentive, and influence.

ФУНКЦІЇ ОНІМІВ У ХУДОЖНЬОМУ ТЕКСТІ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Author(s): Marta Maksymyuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2020

The purpose of the research is to consider the theoretical aspects of the proper names functions in a literary text. Research methods – induction, deduction, descriptive, contextual-interpretive and component analysis. Scientific novelty. Proper names in a literary text have many functions, but in science there is still no single approach to determining the number of functions of proper names in a literary text. At present, many attempts have been made to systematize the functions of poetonyms, but a single view on this problem has not yet been developed. The reasons for this state are differences in the views of linguists on the essence of functions, and violation of the rules of classification schemes, and the lack of logically and linguistically sound hierarchy of poetics categories of onyms, and confusion of phenomena of different levels and quality, including inconsistency in linguistic and extral speech, and the difficulty of assigning a property of the poetonym to semantics or poetics, and so on. The multifunctionality of onyms is quite obvious, as in the artistic text they perform the main linguistic functions of nomination, identification, differentiation and specific stylistic ones, which are layered on the main ones and make their own name an expressive artistic means. An analysis of the theoretical aspects of the functions of proper names in literary works will contribute to a deeper understanding of the peculiarities of using proper names in a literary text. Conclusions. The functions of proper names in works of art are numerous and varied and this serves the style of the text helps writers to show the character of a character, create a special world of a work of art. A further comprehensive study of the functional and stylistic load of onyms in various genres of art works by modern Ukrainian writers is a perspective of next studies.

ФУНКЦІЇ ПІДРУЧНИКА УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ мови В КОМПЕТЕНТНІСНІЙ ПАРАДИГМІ

Author(s): Olena Horoshkina / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 01/2019

The article outlines the functions of the Ukrainian language textbook, in particular world outlook function, developing, informative, reflective, corrective functions. Particular attention is paid to the problem of a competence approach implementation in the educational process, which causes the textbook functions transformation, singling out of new functions, which correspond to the new social challenges.

ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНО-СТИЛІСТИЧНІ ВИЯВИ ІНШОМОВНИХ ЛЕКСЕМ У РОЗВАЖАЛЬНИХ ЖАНРАХ

Author(s): Yuliia MOLOTKINA / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 02/2019

The article deals with the new lexical borrowings analysis in the discourse of the modem Ukrainian comedy shows, entertainment programs and popular youth series. It has been proved that foreign borrowed lexemes are used not just in terms of foreign language lexical units; they experience the semantic structure changes and obtain the new stylistic expressions.

Функціювання лексики на позначення стихійних явищ в українській мові XVІ–XVIII ст.

Author(s): Vasyl Denysiuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2020

The study of the peculiarities of the functioning of the vocabulary designating natural disasters performed on the basis of written monuments of the Ukrainian language in the 16th–18th centuries allows us to state that the genetically analyzed lexemes in this thematic group are of Proto-Slavic origin. The only exception is the borrowing пожога from the Polish language. The vocabulary designating natural disasters was actively completed due to the inclusion of lexical units from other thematic groups including meteorological vocabulary and the development of new meanings in these words because of semantic shifts representing the general concept of ‘natural disasters’ during the declared period. The analyzed lexemes demonstrate one type of systemic relations: synonymous. One-word names show activity according to the structure of the analyzed written texts. The contextual environment helps to find out the corresponding semantics of them. The authors often use multi-word names which include a noun and an adjective (they are usually the adjectives великий, лютий or forms of the highest degree of comparison превеликіе, прежестокій, which explicitly indicate a high degree of the described disaster). It is noteworthy that the authors use the verbal noun потоп for the realization of the seme ‘flood’, which gradually started to lose its religious semantics and acquired a secular meaning in the period under study. The Kievan Rus’ tradition is continued by the nomination of this disaster by a verb–noun or an adjective– noun word combination. The main representative of the seme ‘drought’ is the adjective сухий, which is used exclusively in the descriptive constructions in the studied monuments, the substantive component of which is a lexeme to denote a season (весна, літо, осінь). The lexemes холод and мороз realize the seme ‘cold’ in the analyzed written texts. They are used in their full-vowel forms and combined with quantitative forms of adjectives to represent the degree of the natural disaster. A subjective approach to the assessment of the disaster is observed in the implementation of this seme. The lexeme сніг in many contexts implements syncretized semantics: ‘precipitation’ and ‘natural disaster’. A clear idea of the natural disaster is given by the contexts in which the authors use the additional qualifier великій. Occasionally, the adverb with the value of amount combined with another adverb with the value of extent and degree performs the role of an additional qualifier. As evidenced by modern lexicographic works, the development of a figurative meaning occurred in the semantic structure of nouns on the basis of metaphorical transfer. The present-day Ukrainian language inherited most of the one-word names, which continue to operate without changing their basic lexical meaning.

ФУТУРАЛНОСТ У РУСКОМ, ПОЉСКОМ И СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ

Author(s): Isidora Jakšić Perović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 72/2020

Хайнц Миклас на 70 години

Author(s): Maria Šniter / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 37/2018

Характеристика элементов чужого языка в художественных произведениях

Author(s): Karlygash Sarbasova,Gulnara Syrlybaeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2019

The article deals with the elements of "foreign language" (foreign words borrowed from the Russian language) in the character's speech of spoken language, in the language of folk songs, satirical works, in fiction, describes the specifics of the use of barbarisms, borrowed words, jargons. In this regard, the following issues are covered: - the types of "foreign words" are defined, such as: barbarism, borrowed words, jargons. - the analysis of the above-mentioned linguistic elements are carried out in accordance with the direction of the research which were selected from the texts of folk songs, feuilletons, humorous poems, poetic and prose works of the outstanding Kazakh poet, writer, playwright, satirist I. Zhansugurov. - since ancient times, the Kazakh people were closely connected with the Russian nation in the economic, social, cultural and political spheres, therefore, the article describes the features of using Russian words and foreign language elements borrowed through the Russian language. -function of barbarisms. Pronunciation of words, separate words, combinations with the changed morphemic and syntactic structure are considered as barbarisms. - Barbarisms are actively used in spoken language. The authors prove the fact that the reason for this is daily communication with representatives of other ethnic groups. - In the language of folk songs foreign language elements are used for humor, ridicule, satire. - In the text of a satirical work, the elements of a" foreign language", especially in the character's speech are the basis for determining its behavior, temperament, worldview, degree of professionalism and speech etiquette. - The role of borrowed words in an artwork. Borrowing increases the lexical richness of the language serves as a source of new roots, other word-formation elements and terms, expands and nuances the nomenclature of concepts used in different areas of society. The process of borrowing is organic to the language, a natural form of language contact and a source of language change. - The role and importance of foreign language elements in the language of the character is determined. The author's speech and the speech of the characters are distinguished in an artwork. The author's language is a story about phenomena, events, characters, actions of characters, it has an assessment of people, facts. The language of the characters is a means of individualization. It is caused by age, education, profession, mood, temperament, culture of the hero.

ХАРАКТЕРЫ СОВЕТСКИХ ДИССИДЕНТОВ В ЭМИГРАНТСКИХ ЗАПИСКАХ АДВОКАТА ДИНЫ КАМИНСКОЙ

Author(s): Julija Anatoljevna Rusina / Language(s): Russian Issue: XX/2018

Dina Kaminskaya was a defense lawyer of Soviet dissidents and participated in the most famous political trials of the 1960s. She acted as a defense lawyer for the members of the human rights movement in the Soviet Union, the creators and disseminators of samizdat, those who organized protests and demonstrations, including the one on the Red Square in Moscow in August 1968. Leaving the USSR under the threat of arrest in 1977, in exile, she wrote a memoir, Attorney’s notes, which was published in New York by the Chronicle-Press publishing house in 1984. Not only is the Soviet political judicial system with its ideological tricks vividly represented in this book, but also the portraits of those dissidents whom she knew personally and worked for as a lawyer.

Хвалбата между Осанна! и Разпни го!: измерения и символика в български, руски и немски паремии

Author(s): Antoaneta Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The excessive praise, the flattery, the hypocrisy and the boasting are known in all times, cultures and in proverbs and sayings of all nations. This empirical article has as its goal to present similarities and differences in the opinion of the Bulgarian, Russian and German language communities towards defined values and countervalues, reflected in proverbs and sayings in the three languages. On the basis of the terms symbol, poetic symbol, cultural symbol, language symbol and laudation (encomium) the article expounds different semantic dimensions of the concept praise and their imagery in proverbs and sayings in the three languages. For the translation of a proverb possibly are proposed equivalent and analogous proverbs.

Християнско смирение и гражданска непримиримост в детското творчество на Константин Величков

Author(s): Ognyana Georgieva-Teneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2019

The article discusses two key messages of the children‘s works of Konstantin Velichkov: of Christian humbleness and civic implacability. Considering the fact that these values combine relatively rare both in real life and literature, the paper supports the view of the semantic passability at the border between religious-theme poems, presenting man in a silent dialogue with himself and with God, and fables whose allegories refer to the need for an active stance on the socio-institutional status-quo. The analysed texts are interpreted in the paradigm of the modern idea of the Orthodox theology of participation, according to which true humanity implies not only meekness but also benevolence towards the community and disagreement with political autocracy.

ХУДОЖНЄ ПОРІВНЯННЯ ЯК ПЕРЕКЛАДОЗНАВЧИЙ ФЕНОМЕН (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ТА АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВ)

Author(s): Oksana Molchko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 5/2017

Simile is viewed as a multifaceted phenomenon deeply rooted in cognitive and lingual peculiarities of an ethnos. Applying a complex approach to simile analysis, it being a study case of the hyponym flower and hyperonym poppy, simile proves to be a fundamental lingual and cognitive phenomenon. It reflects the essential and consistent relationships between the objects of comparison in their lingual form. It is the result of the cognitive segmentation of the outer world whose effect is the comparison of mental images on the basis of a common feature; their verbalization following the corresponding phonetic, morphemic, lexical forms and grammatical constructions with a specific functional load. Simile is the endlessness of images, symbols and concepts to be reverbalised in translation.

Цамблаковата проповед ѻ͗ ѹ͗сопшии– социална картина на живота в България през XIV век

Author(s): Maria Spasova / Language(s): Bulgarian,Old Bulgarian Issue: 2/2015

The article gives excerpts and information for the social life in the Medieval Bulgaria that are contained in the sermon of Gregory Tzamblak. In contrast to the historical sources where the facts are „painted” with background information, the sermons are characterized by the art peculiarities of the rhetoric prose and with elements of the vivid, folk language. The sermon is a kind of mediator between the clergyman preacher and the laymen who are playing the role of his audience. The theological theses, the Biblical excerpts and their interpretation are given through familiar to the Christians examples. Paintnigs from the real life are being painted and though this represents a Medieval realism of the imitation, the sermon is an authentic historical source for the picture of the social life in.

Цветообразы как средство выражения антропоцентричности в художественных текстах Адама Мицкевица и их русских переводах

Author(s): Roza Alimpijewa / Language(s): Russian Issue: X/2005

The article focuses on the linguistic and stylistic analysis of blue tone colour images in the art system of A. Mickiewicz and the correlation of these colour images with their Russian equivalents. The article determines the paradigm of colour images, explores the semantic gradation of its constituent parts. The symbiosis of organic unity of perceptions of colour and light and the possibility to blend and merge the colour images of different semantic fields make this systematic organization one of the integral parts of A. Mickiewicz’s dynamic and infinite with respect to conveying additional meanings art world view. And hence, it determines its ability to perform a complex set of evaluative functions, transforming the art system into the efficient expressive means of author’s assessments and self-assessments.

Целта на изказването и поражденото на метафората

Author(s): Verginiya Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The paper focuses on the thesis that the goal of the utterance plays a catalytic role in the creation of metaphors in dialogic communication. The author’s intention to get a maximally clear description, clarification, argumentation and ‘transfer’ of the listener’s awareness in the cognitive and emotional field of the speaker leads to the generation of metaphors and metaphorical images approaching the addressee’s apprehension.

Церковнокнижный языковой слой в Выголексинском сборнике

Author(s): István Pozsgai / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1(2)/2007

The aim of this work is to examine the church-book language layer in the manuscript “Vygoleksinskij Sbornik” (Collection) which was copied in Old Russian language area at the end of the 12th century. I was mainly searching how this church-book language layer must have been formed, and which relation it had to the Old Russian and the Old Slavic linguistic layers. I have found that the church-book language layer in the targeted manuscript was so important that even the language of the codex may be called Russian Church Slavic language rather than Russian redaction of the Old Slavic language.

Церковнославянский перевод Евангелия и синодальный перевод Евангелия на русский язык (лингво-текстологический анализ)

Author(s): Anna Novikova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 13/2013

The article is devoted to the linguistic and textual analysis of Russian text of the synodal translation of Gospel in comparison with its Church Slavonic text.

Церковнослов’янізми з богослужбово-обрядовою семантикою в українській мові ХVІ–ХVІІІ ст.

Author(s): Yuriy Osinchuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2018

In this paper, the author analyzes the structure, word formation, and meaning of Church Slavonic lexical elements with semantics of worship and rites on the basis of secular written documents which served as a source for the Dictionary of the Ukrainian language in the 16th and the first half of the 17th centuries and for the Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian language edited by Ye. Tymchenko. The use of Church Slavonic lexicalized phrases and idioms are also studied. The development of semantics of Church Slavonic words in presentday Ukrainian and in liturgical practice is considered as well.

Церковнослов’янська лексика зі семантикою ‘Бог; Божа особа’ у староукраїнських текстах

Author(s): Yuriy Osinchuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2019

The present paper is based on materials of different genres and different styles of Ukrai- nian written monuments of the 16th and the 17th centuries (acts, court documents, wills, deeds, documents of church and school fraternities, chronicles, works of religious, polemi- cal and fiction, memos of scientific and educational literature, liturgical literature, episto- lary heritage, etc.) which are included in the source database of the Dictionary of Ukrainian language of the 16th century and the first half of the 17th century and its unique lexical card index, which is stored at the Ukrainian Language Department in the I. Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Lviv). The composition and structural organization of Church Slavonic lexemes meaning ‘God; God’s face’ as well as their origin and history are studied. It was found that the register of this vocabulary included more than fifty phonetic and graphic Church Slavonic elements expressing the concept of ‘God; God’s face’ different in word-forming structure. The main attention is paid to the etymological analysis of the studied tokens, which was primarily to clarify their semantic etymon. It is established that the analyzed Church Slavonicisms are mostly semantic loans from the Greek language, which preserved their semantics from ancient times to the Old Ukrainian period. It is observed that some studied tokens often act as core components of various two-, three-, or four-membered lexicalized phrases. The most active multifunctional core com- ponent was the token Lord. It is established that fixed phrases and phraseologisms are of different types in structure, mostly two-component noun + adjective phrases (sporadically, there are other lexical-grammatical models, too: “noun + noun”, “preposition + adjective”). Much less observable are three-component formations (“noun + verb + pronoun“, “verb + pronoun + noun“) and four-component models (“verb + preposition + pronoun + noun”). It was found that the Church Slavonic words attested in the Ukrainian memos of the 16th and the 17th centuries did not undergo significant semantic changes in the process of formation of religious vocabulary. Some Church Slavonicisms have gone through a partial semantic modification, and some have acquired new semantics due to fixed phrases. Some words that point to God’s face are characterized by polysemy and synonymy. The evolution of the analyzed Church Slavonicisms is different. Some of them have survived to our time and are actively used in the Ukrainian literary language or dialects, while others function only in a special area: in the church practice of the Byzantine rite (Orthodox Church of Ukraine, Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church).