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Учебные тексты: антиномии и типологии

Author(s): Leonid Moskovkin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2017

The article provides the definition of the training text, the description of its main functions, the analysis of linguodidactic antinomies: training and non-training texts, authentic and non-authentic texts, verbal and polycode texts. The typology of training texts, conditioned by the content of foreign language teaching, includes the texts for teaching the aspects of the language, four language skills and culture phenomena. The authentic texts include not only the original texts, but also adapted texts and the texts written by the teachers.

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Факти и фактоиди в научния дискурс

Author(s): Anton Getsov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2013

Subject of analysis in the presented article is the speculative proclamation and promotion in the scientific discourse of the mythical formula of Albert Mehrabian, according to that the nonverbal part of the communication is 55%, the paralinguistic – 38% and the verbal – only 7%.

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Фактори за оптимизиране на устната комуникация медицински специалист - пациент при специализираната помощ

Author(s): Violeta Tacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The main barriers to effective oral communication at the specialized medical units are classified. The specific verbal and nonverbal factors for improvement of oral communication are studied, the communicative techniques and means are summarized. We give examples from the specialized medical practice of efficient and inefficient communicative acts between the medical staff and the patient according to the contemporary European requirements for patients’ rights.

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ФАРМАЦІОНІМИ М. ЧЕРНІВЦІ (СЕМАНТИКО-МОТИВАЦІЙНИЙ АСПЕКТ)

Author(s): Nadiia Babukh,Yaroslav Redkva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2020

Objectives. The article deals with semantic and motivational features, an attempt is made to classify pharmacy names in Chernivtsi. The aim of research is to study the names of pharmacies in Chernivtsi as an important component of ergonomics in the onomastic view of the city. Research methods are predetermined by its goals and objectives. The following methods are used in the work: descriptive, analytical, semantic-motivational, component analysis, classification, elements of statistical and method of quantitative calculations. The topicality of the article is determined by the need to study the names of pharmacies in Chernivtsi as an important component of ergonomics throughout the city's onomastic. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time the names of pharmacies in Chernivtsi were analyzed as part of the ergonomic picture of the city in terms of semantics, motivation, structure, adherence to linguistic norms in the modern chronological section. Conclusions. Eight main semantic-motivational groups of pharmacists have been identified, the names of pharmacies have been analyzed in terms of the specifics of their formation and functioning, semantic analysis, systematization, motivation, nomination, compliance with language norms. Further perspectives of the study can be seen in the complex study of pharmaconyms and finding out their place in the entire ergonomics of the city.

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ФЕМИНАТИВЫ С СУФФИКСОМ -К(А) В НОВОЙ РУССКОЙ ЛЕКСИКЕ

Author(s): Beata Nowicka / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2006

The author attempts to examine the newest Russian feminatives with the suffix -к(а). The feminatives have been categorized on the basis of formal and derivational structure of their motivating words. The widespread phenomenon of synonymy between the feminatives with the suffix -к(а) and other suffixes have also been presented.

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ФЕМИНИЗАЦИЯ ЖЕНСКОГО ЛЕКСИКОНА В СОВРЕМЕННОМ УКРАИНСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ГЕНДЕРНОГО РАВНОВЕСИЯ

Author(s): Alla M. Arkhanhelska / Language(s): Russian Issue: 50/2018

The paper deals with the study of gender issues in the Ukrainian language community. It analyzes the facts of nationalization of Ukrainian gender studies and their vectors, the system of stances that form the source for the ideologically overburdened and open-minded approach to the question of the status of androcentrism, linguistic discrimination or gender asymmetry, and the issues of research stereotypes. The paper studies the process of feminization of vocabulary naming women by profession, occupation and social status in the modern Ukrainian language, its incentives and disincentives, and the attitude of the academic community and native speakers to this phenomenon. It also offers the ways of solving this problem using the theory of language management and marketing.

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Фемининная метафора в языке современных русскои украинскоязычных газет (на примере моделирования медиаобраза Юлии Тимошенко)

Author(s): Tatiana Kosmeda / Language(s): Russian Issue: 176/2021

The newspaper discourse captures the active language processes, consistently reflects the sequence of events which take place in the society, provides the possibilities for modeling the media image of the political leaders, in particular, the woman politician Yuliya Tymoshenko, while demonstrating the ample opportunities in order to create the metaphors, the periphrases, the language games based on the precedence actualization and the anthroponym systems taking into consideration the gender principles — the androcentrism, the sexism and the femininity.

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ФЕМІНІСТИЧНИЙ ДИСКУРС НОВЕЛИ ОЛЬГИ КОБИЛЯНСЬКОЇ “VALSE MELANCOLIQUE”

Author(s): Inna Heorhitse,Natalia Mihailovskaya-Vildanova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2019

The purpose of the research is the systematization of scientific studies taking into consideration gender aspect, searching for the foundation of new division of roles and determination of feminine features in the novel “Valse melancolique” by O. Kobylianska. The detailed analysis of the female discourse formation was completed to reveal the emancipation tendencies in the novel. Methods of the research are descriptive, methods of observation and classification. Scientific innovation of the work is indisputable because it provides with the profound analysis of the novel "Valse melancolique" by Olha Kobylianska. The attempt to investigate the regularities and basic features of depiction of female ideology of the characters was done through the prism of the author’s perception; the original research, which reveals new feminine vision of the novel from the point of view of a modern person, is given. Conclusion O. Kobylianska managed to change fundamentally the attitude to a woman, which followed traditionalpatriarchal principles for many centuries. These atypical opinions were reflected in the novel "Valse melancolique". The dominants in the female consciousness are rethinking of the feminine’s value, feminine’s features, and masculinity. Such changes prove the innovation, which altered the traditional ideas of the role and status of a woman in the society. O. Kobylianska was an active participant of the feministic discourse, which affected the formation of a woman’s image of a new type. The author assimilated the feministic ideas through her own writings into the literature process in the turn of the century.

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Фемінітиви в українській перекладній лексикографії початку ХХ століття (післяреволюційна доба)

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Фемінітиви в українській перекладній лексикографії початку ХХ століття (післяреволюційна доба)

Author(s): Ljudmyla Tomilenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2021

The article presents peculiarities of the feminine vocabulary usage in the Ukrainian language recorded in the early 20th century. The analysis was based on the three post-revolutionary works that are quite popular until nowadays: Moscow-Ukrainian Dictionary (1918) compiled by V. Dubrovskyi, Russian-Ukrainian Dictionary (1918) written by S. Ivanytskyi and F. Shumlyanskyi and the most important – Russian-Ukrainian Dictionary (1924–1933) edited by A. Krymskyi and S. Yefremov. All vocabulary necessary for the research was selected with the help of the digital lexicographic systems created on the basis of paper dictionaries and a noun database. The ratio of gender-specific vocabulary (feminine to masculine nouns) that was mentioned in the sources had been gathered and calculated. The main groups of feminine vocabulary as well as their characteristic features were highlighted. A special focus was made to the feminine-specific titles categorized by occupation, profession, position, etc. The conducted research presents similarities and differences of the feminine-specific vocabulary in the dictionaries of the 20th–21st centuries. The final part of the work concentrates on the modern tendencies of feminine nouns creation that can be traced.

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Феномен бала в зеркале обучения русскому языку и русской культуре

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Феномен бала в зеркале обучения русскому языку и русской культуре

Author(s): Nadya Cherneva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2018

The article aims to analyze the functional load of Russian ball dance that represents fragments of XIII – XIX century sociocultural history and life in their correlation with modern reception and practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The author’s vision of the place and significant role of the ball dance in Russian culture, especially literature and art, is revealed. The focus is put on the phenomenon of ball dance etiquette and ceremony, suggesting a great variety of topics and different methods of exploring this outstanding cultural emblem, described from the point of view of synergy, imagology and innovative technologies, used in the process of teaching foreign languages.

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ФЕНОМЕН МОВИ В РОЗУМІННІ І. ФРАНКА (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ ПОЛЬСЬКОМОВНОЇ СТАТТІ В ЧАСОПИСІ „ZIARNO”)

Author(s): Iryna Kapanaiko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2013

The article focuses on the analysis of І. Franko’s reasonings concerning the language on the columns of Polish periodicals. Clear position of the publicist as for the language functioning has been illustrated basing on the materials of newspaper articles and notes, translated into Ukrainian. The writer’s prospects of the development of modern linguistics have been determined.

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ФИГУРА И ФОН: ПАРАЛЛЕЛИ МЕЖДУ ВИЗУАЛЬНЫМ ВОСПРИЯТИЕМ И ВОСПРИЯТИЕМ ТЕКСТОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ

Author(s): Klavdia Prokopchuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 126/2009

This contribution is based on an assumption that there is a correlation between the perceptual criteria that determine the spatial organization of the visual field into figure and ground (as proposed by the gestalt theory) and those that determine the foreground-background distinction in texts. We will show that the usage of this figure-versus-ground theory can be effective in a research of comprehension of humanistic texts in inter-cultural communication. Many of cultural differences that were already discovered in the compositional and semantic structure of humanistic text — i.e. principals of its progression, paragraph structure, citation — may be a result of different strategies in construction of foreground and background.

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Философские и методологические основания изучения функционально- семантического поля одушевлённости-неодушевлённости в русском языке начала XXI века

Author(s): Reşat Şakar / Language(s): Russian Issue: 34/2017

This article discusses the philosophical and methodological bases of the study of functional-semantic field of animateness-inanimateness, in terms of field theory in the Russian language. Category of animateness-inanimateness poorly understood in the modern Russian linguistics. In the study of the subject inevitably raises a number of methodological problems. To investigate the functional-semantic field of animateness-inanimateness, the most important methodological problems are: 1) the problem of the functional approach to language and 2) the problem of the system description language material. From the point of view of this, we argue that the functional-semantic field of animateness-inanimateness - is a complex multi-level system, formed by units of different language levels. Also, one of the most important ideas of the general theory of systems is the position of the interaction of the system and the environment (i.e., the relevant system environment). In the analysis of functional-semantic field in the center of which is always in a morphological category, you must rely on the methodological distinction between system and environment.

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Фитонимски пејоративни називи за човека у пиротском говору (лингвокултуролошки аспект)

Author(s): Dragana Ratković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2021

The subject of the paper are nouns and noun phrases of negative expressive tonality, which primarily name realities from the plant world (plants and their parts, terms related to wood processing), and secondarily people in the Pirot dialect. The analysis also includes derivatives of units that belong to the semantic field “phytonym” and noun phrases whose adjective has a phytonymic meaning. The corpus consists of two dictionaries of the Pirot dialect: Novica Živković [Živković 1987] and Dragoljub Zlatković [Zlatković 2014; 2017]. The author analyzes language units from the linguocultural aspect to answer the questions related to: (1) human characteristics, behaviors and actions in Pirot speech which initiate negative characterization of a person with a phytonymic pejoratives; (2) appointments that reveal evaluation parameters; (3) the relationship between pejoration and laudation on the material of botanical vocabulary and terminology in naming the man in the Pirot dialect and (4) the relation of the phytonymic pejoration of man in the Pirot dialect with the same names in the modern Serbian language. Such a methodological procedure enables (1) reconstruction of the conceptualization of man as a plant outlined by phy¬to¬nymic pejoratives in the linguistic picture of the world and in the traditional culture of the Pirot region, as well as (2) consideration of relations and determination of (in) similarity with the image of the world in the modern Serbian language developed by the same lexical-semantic means.

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Фолклорът в контекста на литературното обучение (според действащата учебна програма по литература за V клас)

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Фолклорът в контекста на литературното обучение (според действащата учебна програма по литература за V клас)

Author(s): Ventsislav Bozhinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article aims to present basic theoretical problems connected with studying folklore in the secondary stage of Bulgarian schools. The ﬁrst part offers a brief diachronic review of the theoretical paradigm of Bulgarian folklore research, presenting the transition from the narrow philological understanding of folklore as “national poetic creativity” towards its wide sociological interpretation as “a type of creative culture”. In the second part of the article two curricula for the ﬁfth grade, in which folklore is a key component, are analysed and compared – the one from 2007/2010 academic years and the current one, implemented since 2016/2017. The main goal of this part is to demonstrate how and how much the Literature curricula offer an opportunity for studying folklore in alignment with current theoretical stipulations in Bulgarian folklore research.

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Фонетико-морфологична и семантична адаптация на общите лексикални елементи от турски произход в българския и във френския език

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Фонетико-морфологична и семантична адаптация на общите лексикални елементи от турски произход в българския и във френския език

Author(s): Milena Yordanova,Dimitar Vesselinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2019

The intrusion of Turkic words into different languages is long and complex process that requires serious and in-depth analysis of the extracted material. The analysis of common borrowings in two languages from different groups (Bulgarian and French) requires a complex approach based on the comparative empruntology between lexical elements of agglutinating language, passed into two Indo-European languages, representatives of the Slavic and Romance groups. The aim of the study is to track the phonetic and grammatical changes that occurred during the penetration of Turkic words in Bulgarian and French and outline the thematic fields and the changes in their semantics

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Фонетические корреляции русского и словацкого языков: вокализм

Author(s): Tamara Ibragimovna Magomedova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2020

The correlation analysis of vocal systems of the Russian and Slovak languages, in which phonological spaces are determined by the number and set of phoneme-forming differential characteristics of vowels, was performed. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the conscious assimilation of the Russian and Slovak languages is favorable at all levels of the language systems because of their kinship and proximity. However, even in this case, there are difficulties leading to active interference, especially at the phonetic level. For the first time, a correlation description of the phonemes composition of the Russian and Slovak vowels was carried out. It is correlative linguistics that has some advantages in terms of solving the practical problems of comparative linguistics. The study was performed in order to update the phonetic similarities in a closely related language environment, where the fact of kinship of languages often leads to the fact that the learner pays attention only to similarities, thereby ignoring differences in the similarities themselves. The terms of correlative linguistics were used: antecedent, correlate, and correspondence. As a result of the study, the following findings were made: five relatively complete correspondences with common phoneme-forming signs, five partial matches stating the absence of certain properties characteristic of the phoneme of the correlate, six zero matches indicating the presence of an antecedent sign, which is not typical for the phonetic system of the correlate and vice versa. It was revealed that the index of the degree of vocalism conformity in the Russian and Slovak languages is 0.25.

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ФОНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОМ ОСВЕЩЕНИИ

Author(s): Lilia Mukazhanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 160/2017

This article deals with the main historical sound processes at the time of the appearance of the Slavic script (the period until the end of the 10th — beginning of the 11th centuries), which are of great importance in the formation and development of the modern system of the Russian language. In particular, the results of phonetic processes that have had a great influence on the formation of features of Slavic by origin languages - laws of open syllable, intrasyllogic sinarmonism and the process of falling reduced vowels - are considered. Among them, the consequences of these laws are described: the loss of final consonants, the emergence of sound sounds, the simplification of consonant groups, the monophthongization of diphthongs, and changes in diphthongic combinations. As a methodical help, the author offered practical exercises.

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ФОНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ПРОЦЕССА ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА ТУРЕЦКИМ СТУДЕНТАМ

Author(s): Zulfiya Şahin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 11/2014

The article considers the phonetic peculiarities of the formation process of the Russian language listening and pronunciation skills among Turkish students, beside this, is paying attention to the process of cross-language interference and inconsistencies of the two language phonetic systems. Highlighting inconsistencies, the author tries to point out the main causes of phonetic disorders in relation to the Russian pronouncing standards. Along with this article provides recommendations for setting sounds of the Russian language.

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Фоносимволизм и мотивированность слова в художественном тексте

Author(s): T.V. Buzanova,L.V. Vladimirova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2016

The paper considers the role of phonosemantics in the process of adaptation of loan words and proper names in the Russian language. The authors have aimed to trace what factors – proper linguistic and extralinguistic – influence the development of the Russian language vocabulary. Special attention has been paid to the phenomenon of “folk etymology” (“reetymologization”) described at the time by representatives of the Kazan linguistic school. The conditions necessary for the loan word to assimilate in the target language and to successfully function in it have also been considered. The importance of phonetic motivation for loan words due to the absence of any other types of motivation during the transition from language to language has been emphasized. The paper focuses on studying of the relativeness of sound and meaning in the language consciousness. Currently, this relativeness has been theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved by both foreign and Russian researchers (N.I. Gorelov, A.P. Zhuravlev, S.V. Voronin, et al.).

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