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The paper focuses on agent nouns (nomina actoris) in the Vratsa Gospel, a medieval manuscript which dates back to the 13th or 14th century. The formations are classified by suffixes and presented in word-formation types. Formants, which form word-formation types, are varied, making nomina actoris one of the best performing categories with desubstantive motivation in the Vratsa Gospel.
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The paper deals with the graphics game – one of the new forms of language game in contemporary media texts. The special focus of attention is on capitalization and graphic hybridization. The study is based on material excerpted from Russian and Bulgarian sociopolitical editions.
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The International Slavic Scholars Committee held its regular world congress in Belgrade from 20th August to 27th August 2018, attracting nearly 1000 participants from 43 countries. The large-scale, well-organized congress provided a forum for 115 sessions with papers, 32 thematic blocs, 9 Round Table Discussions, 3 special topics, 5 plenary papers, over 20 additional events: a slavicist literature exhibition between the two congresses, celebrations of anniversaries related to Slavic cultures, birth anniversaries of distinguished Slavic scholars etc. The overview provides detailed information about the event, emphasizing the participation of lecturers from the University of Veliko Tarnovo. Its conclusion offers a critical commentary on Bulgarian national policies with regard to Slavic scholarship.
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This article critically reviews the ways in which the grammatical relation between the units of appositional constructions have been interpreted and conceptualized in Russian linguistics. The paper considers four distinct perspectives, each of which represents a principal claim: 1) Theories based on the traditional view of the grammatical relation; i.e., the appositive and the head are in a hypotactic relationship. 2) Theories proposingthat the grammatical relation is coordination. 3) Theories stating that the grammatical relation is neither coordination nor subordination. 4) Theories advancing the view that the grammatical relation has a hybrid nature; i.e., it is a symbiosis of distinctive features both of coordination and subordination. The second part of the paper explores the third and the fourth group of theories.
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The new research paradigms in linguistics, such as ethno-psycholinguistics, make it possible to analyze in a new way some basic concepts in the linguistic consciousness of a person. The DOM (HOME) concept is discussed on the basis of comparable associative data from three Slavic languages – Bulgarian, Russian and Polish, in order to search for their common areas, and to outline the ethno-specific segment in the Bulgarian notion. We have come to the following conclusions: dynamism in the conceptualization of HOME in recent decades; predominantly abstract conceptualization; close connection between МАЙКА, ЖЕНА (MOTHER, WOMAN) and DOM (HOME) in Bulgarian linguistic consciousness. Lexicographic solutions are offered.
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The article presents data about the inheritors of the Old Bulgarian Prayers for Every Occasion which are known to scholars thanks to the Glagolitic Euchologium Sinaiticum from the 10th century. They were discovered in the manuscript prayer- and divine service books kept in the Zograf library on Mount Athos. The respective euchological texts are described in the manuscripts in chronological order by century; they are identified in accordance with their Glagolitic prototypes and their Greek parallels are given.
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Subjects of this study are the incommutable relative pronouns and adverbs, which introduce subordinate attributive sentences, as in this function they are typical of the colloquial speech – forms as дето (дет), де, където (къдет), що and къде, which replace variable relative pronoun който (in all its forms). The existence of invariable relative pronouns or adverbs, in function of introduction of attributive subordinate clauses, is a special feature not only of Bulgarian dialects and speech, but also of other Balkan languages like Albanian (që), Greek (ðïõ / üôé) and Romanian (ce / de). The unchangeable forms are traditional for Bulgarian colloquial speech since the late Medieval Bulgarian era. The variable forms който, която, което, които are newer and have markedly literary nature. They are without support in the language. On the greater part of Bulgarian language area the incommutable forms are comprehended as a colloquial speech rather than a dialect, so they are frequently used not only in everyday communication, but also in the media.
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The text examines the possibilities to create an ironic tone in the media discourse by repeating and distorting the words of the person speaking. The paper analyzes the means to ironize others in journalistic comments. The different language levels are consistently explored. It is shown that a critical look at current public policy uses indirect argumentation based on the familiar principle of science – reductio ad absurdum. The stylistic means of expression and evaluation are explored.
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Attention is directed to two different phenomena to demonstrate the possibilities for future studies and interpretation of data and results of questionnaires and field surveys within the project “Models and tools in different speech situations and areas of communication in contemporary Bulgarian language”. Language attitudes and actual use were derived on the basis of assessment and verification of the data by comparing the results of the field surveys.
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The article discusses the psycholinguistical mechanism of one type of tautology in verbal speech – in phrases or structures made up of domestic and foreign word. As the exact meaning of the foreign words is often not known, a domestic word is sometimes placed next to them and has a defining function; the domestic word duplicates the meaning of the foreign word, because of the expression of which it is borrowed. Sometimes this phenomenon occurs because of a fear of misunderstanding of the foreign word by the listener or from an aspiration by the speaker to underline the real meaning. The process is part of a semantic adaptation of foreign words.
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Truth as a way of interpreting the world is defined as a reflection of phenomena, objects, and the regularities in human consciousness. It is relative because of the dynamics of things and the subjective way of perceiving them. In the sphere of comic the pretended violation of the Grice’s principle of co-operation is compensated by ironical signs suggesting the truth.
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The current article is about the different ways of addressing the addressee in the Polish and Bulgarian language. It can provisionally be divided into two parts, as the first one deals with the norm of the speech etiquette which is a function of the language. The second part treats the specific features of the use of the formulas in the Polish language and their Bulgarian equivalents. On the basis of the analysis and the comparison some deductions have been made about the similarities and differences in the speech etiquette of the two kindred languages.
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It is already documented that in the Bulgarian language spoken across the country there are two main variations of Bulgarian literary verbal speech: eastern Bulgarian with its centre in Veliko Tarnovo and western Bulgarian with its centre in Sofia. Both variations set themselves apart by the representative, standard verbal speech, which can be analyzed as an invariant of both variations. In contrast to past and present opinions that these are two pronunciation variations within one literary language, containing dialectic differences from the norm, in the paper the variations are seen as equal forms of literary verbal speech. A list with short commentaries is presented with the main parameters which are used to constitute the two named variations.
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The postpreposition ellipse in Bulgarian language is related to the nature of language – to grow on the princip of economy. In most cases, it finds its explanation only when itestablishes a contextual semantic relation (previous or following) with other structures in which the elements of the eliding ”recovered”. The postpreposition ellipse most paradoxically occurred even in the most impossible and at least expected syntactic position. At first view this seems to be very useless role of prepositions – to combine mostly with the names of groups. On the basis of elizyappeared many iterations in the language expression, which could be considered as a consequence of the tendency to maintain equilibrium in the language.
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The paper discusses the results of the national representative survey, which aims to identify the language attitudes towards 12 spoken language nonstandard markers and their evaluation as right or wrong. The analysis shows that the respondent’s evaluations are all negative excluding –ме ending for verbs from I and II conjugations in their present tense forms, 1p. pl. The most negatives attitudes are towards the reduction of unstressed vowel е into и and the palatalisation of consonants in front of front vowels, followed by nonstandard forms such as таа, онаа, теа, онеа and also towards рек‘ътъ, глав‘ътъ. The depalatalisation of consonants in verbal present tense forms and in the definite article, male gender, sg., have been evaluated more negatively than the “e reflex” of the Old Bulgarian jat vowel and nonstandard –ме present endings. The respondents are more tolerant towards the nonstandard “я reflex” of the Old Bulgarian jat vowel and the stress shifting in the aorist and the aorist participles than towards the depalatalisation and the “e reflex”.
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The article is about a phonetic phenomenon in the speech of contemporary Bulgarians – appearance of new articulation of the sound [л], possible sources of its origin, scale of its distribution, proposal and prognosis for its future.
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In this work we investigate the origin of a dialect that sets the foundations for toponyms in the Pleven region. Words from local and foreign dialects are found here with majority of them being from local dialects (common Slavonic and Old Church Bulgarian) and foreign dialects being constraint and deriving from Turkish and Greek languages. This shows Bulgarian origin of place names in the Pleven region.
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In the research is analysed the role of the signal words and the stimulating word groups when code-switching in the speech of the bilingual speakers in the Endmost North-Western Region of Bulgaria. With the conducted experimental study is proved that in most cases by using signal words and stimulating word groups is achieved code-switching within the idiolect of the informants from the three generations – young (up to 25 years), middle-aged (25-60 years), elderly (over 60 years).
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The present research is aiming at the investigation of the distributional, syntactic and paradimatic features of Old Russian (OR) discourse clitics. Clitics constitute a special class in OR, as despite the relative free word order, their position is fixed in the clause. From the three types of OR enclitics (discourse, pronominal and auxiliary) the least attention has been paid to discourse clitics. An investigation of their frequency, distributional properties and role in the information structure of OR clauses by corpus linguistic methods could provide new perspectives for the research of OR word order as well.
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