Słowotwórczy obraz podróży i wędrówki

Author(s): Iwona Burkacka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article descibes the derivational potency of the verbs: travel, wander, migrate as well as the noun tourist. The characteristics of their derivational nests have been confronted with the characteristics of the nests of the verbs of movement and nouns. A comparative study of the collected data has revealed derivational similarities of the discussed verbs (identical types od derivatives and derivational methods), which points to the fact that the meaning carried by the root is more important than its genesis and opens up particular derivational possibilities. A differing layout of derivatives as well as the participation of particular parts of speech and formants should be connected with stylistic characteristics and the genesis of the roots.

Podróż w głąb ziemi. Wizerunek górnika dawniej i dziś

Author(s): Wioletta Wilczek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the image of the miner, taking into consideration the constant and variable characteristics in a diachronic perspective. The source material is comprised of older literary texts (first half of the 20th century) as well as contemporary fiction. The theory of the language image of the world as well as the category of stereotype serve as the methodological framework. The analysis of older depictions of the miner reveals the mostly positive perception connected with, among others, the diligence of the miners, the dangerous character of their jobs, or their religiousness. Contemporary literature also points to the characteristics of their professions, the toil and the danger, which contribute to social respectability. However, there are also pejorative images to be found, including bad working conditions under the ground, the monotonous character of the job, and the detrimental influence on health. Apart from that, contemporary literature engages with contemporary issues, such as the employment of women in the mines. The article, apart from the study of old and contemporary image of the miner, constitutes an answer to the question regarding the permanence and change in the depictions of this profession.

Teoria i praktyka dyskursu turystycznego (na przykładzie Słowacji i Rzymu wpisanych w przewodniki)

Author(s): Paweł Graf / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to the analysis of the image of Slovakia which emerges discursively from guidebooks. The author analyzes, in order, the Polish, Slovakian and English discourses. As a result, the reader can observe three stories of Slovakia emerging – stories, which, paradoxically, can tell us more about the authors and the readers than about the place itself. The second part of the article presents the “discourse on Rome,” approached narratively. In the conclusion, the author proposes several lines of theoretical inquiry.

Wyzwania badawcze i metodologiczne lingwistyki historycznej. Refleksje po dyskusji

Author(s): Krystyna Kleszczowa,Tomasz Mika / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Dyskusja panelowa. Nauczycielskie zadania historyków języka wobec narodowej wspólnoty komunikatywnej dawniej i obecnie

Author(s): Stanisław Borawski,Bernadeta Niesporek-Szamburska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos pierwszy… Nauczycielskie powinności historyka języka względem wspólnoty narodowej

Author(s): Magdalena Jurewicz-Nowak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos drugi… Jest wiele możliwości ocalania wiedzy historycznojęzykowej…

Author(s): Stanisław Koziara / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos trzeci… Kształcenie historycznojęzykowe na studiach edytorskich

Author(s): Jolanta Klimek-Grądzka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos czwarty… Nauczać dziejów języka polskiego…

Author(s): Dorota Szagun / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos piąty… Rola nauczycieli polonistów w rozwijaniu zainteresowań historycznojęzykowych uczniów, w ich wychowaniu ku łączeniu przeszłości z teraźniejszością – także w języku ojczystym

Author(s): Mirosława Wronkowska-Dimitrowa / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos szósty… Problemy przeszłości językowej w edukacji polonistycznej w szkole (spojrzenie dydaktyka)

Author(s): Helena Synowiec / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos siódmy… Historia języka polskiego w szkole. Refleksje praktyka

Author(s): Waldemar Podkidacz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos ósmy… Odświeżać kanony tekstów dawnych…

Author(s): Irmina Kotlarska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Głos dziewiąty… Samokształcenie w pracy historyka języka polskiego

Author(s): Iwona Pałucka-Czerniak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Jazyková biografie Bedřicha Smetany a jazyk jeho korespondence se zřetelem ke gramatickým jevům

Author(s): Lucie Rychnovská,Marek Nekula / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with specific sources and methods of historical sociolinguistics and with the possibility of using historical language biographies to reconstruct a language situation: in this paper the specific aspects of the language situation in Bohemia of the 19th century. The paper presupposes that especially private correspondence is a prominent source for historical sociolinguistics because of its interactivity. It holds true also for the narration of language biographies introduced in the correspondence with respect to a specific addressee. The language biography method and its applicability as a method of historical sociolinguistics are demonstrated with the language biography of Friedrich/Bedřich Smetana. In the second part the paper deals with a grammatical analysis of Smetana´s received correspondence. The aim of the analysis is to show which Czech grammatical phenomena are problematic for Czech-German bilingual speakers, who began to learn standard Czech only as an adult.

Using data-driven methods in teaching Czech as a foreign language

Author(s): Klára Osolsobě,Pavlína Vališová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to illustrate how the Czech National Corpus is used for teaching the Czech language. More specifically, it explains how the use of a data-driven method in teaching Czech is likely to differ from teaching English or other analytical languages. Instead of focusing on lexical patterns, students’ assignments include observing inflectional forms and formulating grammar rules based on analysing concordances. In the empirical research presented here, learners of Czech spent two hours in class undertaking some specific corpus tasks. In spite of very limited training, they were able to use the corpus software and benefit from the findings using simplified queries: they did not need to use any corpus query language – a simple word search suffi ced. One of the tasks was to display the lemma and tag of the node word and identify its grammatical form. This task emerged as an important one because it shows how a corpus can complement dictionaries, where learners cannot find all inflectional forms. Texts simplified according to the level of profi ciency are the order of the day in Czech textbooks – authentic texts are rare. And full conjugations and declensions are typically taught before students engage with texts at all. Corpus-based exercises can therefore serve as a useful step in fostering an understanding of a text. An analagous research was conducted on native and non- native studens of Czech. This study thus demonstrates the potential of corpora in teaching highly inflectional languages, including Slavonic languages.

Чешката литература во Република Македонија

Author(s): Jasminka Delova-Siljanova / Language(s): Macedonian Publication Year: 0

This paper provides an overview of the first translations of literature from Czech into Macedonian language, until today. The information about the translated literature from Czech into Macedonian language is taken from COBISS Co-operative Online Bibliographic System and Services of the Republic of Macedonia.

Категоријата простор во фразеологијата (македонско-руско-чешки паралели)

Author(s): Biljana Mirčevska-Boševa,Jasminka Delova-Siljanova / Language(s): Macedonian Publication Year: 0

Space as one of the most important categories is ever present issue in different scientific disciplines, as well as in linguistics. In this article we present a small fragment of the category space or more preciously the phrases denoting close distance. This segment is reviewed in Macedonian, Czech and Russian language in order to perceive similarities and differences in the expression of this meaning in the phraseological material in the languages representatives of South Slavic West Slavic and East Slavic language group.

Предлогот в/во во македонскиот јазик со временско значење и чешко-руско-српски паралели

Author(s): Roza Tasevska / Language(s): Macedonian Publication Year: 0

V této práci je představena předložka v/vo s časovým významem v makedonštině, v češtině, v ruštině a v srbštině. Vysvětluje se také zvlaštní použití předložky v/vo ve spojení s dny týdne.

Chorwacki przyimek protiv i jego polskie ekwiwalenty tłumaczeniowe

Author(s): Sybilla Daković / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The Croatian protiv preposition is a rare preposition with a complementary genitive case government. Although lexicographical sources note the spatial and non-spatial meanings of this preposition, empirical studies only confirm the meanings from the abstract domain of adversativeness, i.e. expressing the opposite position, contradiction, disagreement with something, limiting, counteracting or protecting against something. The task that we set for ourselves in this work is to determine the resource of the Polish translation equivalents of the Croatian protiv preposition. The analysis will be carried out on a parallel corpus excerpted from contemporary Croatian literature written in 20th and 21st centuries and respective Polish translations. The work will use the method of translation equivalence, belonging to comparative linguistics methodology.The study will consist of two parts. The first part will determine the meanings of the protiv preposition present in the built corpus and the right and left side environment of this preposition will be examined. The second part will be dedicated to equivalence. A resource of Polish equivalents will be presented and their lexical, grammatical and semantic features will be determined. Similarities and differences in the expression of similar content in both languages will be indicated and an attempt will be made to determine the translator’s selection of factors for individual equivalents, e.g. in the form of limitations in the right and left side environment, shade of meaning or stylistic value. The statistical analysis will be an important element of the study, which in addition to the semantic characteristics will help determine the main Polish equivalent of the Croatian protiv preposition. The conducted study can be used in the lexicographic practice, didactics and translation.