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Polievka oddávna bola a doteraz je v slovenskej kuchyni tradičným jedlom. Zaujímala v nej vždy významné miesto. Na dedinách, tie gemerské nevynímajúc, bola často jediným vareným jedlom dňa. Jedávala sa ráno na raňajky, na obed i na večeru. Nie nadarmo sa v Revúcej hovorilo, že poliauka je fundament.
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Slovo brownie/brownies pomenúvajúce druh sladkého koláča nie je v slovenčine nové, bežne sa používa v písomnom aj ústnom jazykovom prejave. Stretávame sa však s dvomi podobami na označenie jednej konkrétnosti – brownie aj brownies. Otázky týkajúce sa tohto slova sme zaznamenali aj v jazykovej poradni JÚĽŠ SAV.
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The paper deals with terms in which anatomical structures are likened to a lentil. The first anatomist who compared lens to a lentil, was Rufus from Ephesus. Until modern times, the lens did not have its own name, its shape was only likened to a lentil. The first author who used the noun lens together with the adjective crystallina to describe it was Govert Bidloo. In the first Slovak medical publications of the 20th century, the Czech equivalent čočka was used for the Latin term lens, since the first Slovak anatomical nomenclature by Ledényi the equivalent šošovka (Eng. lens) has been used. In Latin anatomical nomenclature, the adjectives lentiformis and lenticularis derived from the Latin lens never express a relation to the lens. Their Slovak equivalents should have the form šošovicovitý, similar to a lentil, for the adjective lentiformis and šošovicový, referring to a nucleus lentiformis or having the shape of a lentil, for the adjective lenticularis.
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The topic of this article revolves around the word order of subordinate clauses, particularly from the perspective of whether their position in relation to the superordinate clause element in the phrase is fixed. In cases where the superordinate clause element is moved, it is necessary to determine whether the subordinate clause element must also be moved alongside it, or whether it can remain in a free position, allowing for the word order to be rearranged freely within the sentence, with both syntagmatic components behaving independently. Based on this, subordinate clause elements can be categorized into two groups: those that maintain a fixed position in the word order arrangement of the phrase, which applies to postpositive non-agreeing and agreeing attributes, and those that allow for a free arrangement in the word order, typically found in phrases where the superordinate verb is followed by the object of action or by an adverbial determination. This distinction in word order also facilitates the differentiation between a non-agreeing postpositive attribute and an adverbial determination.
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In this article we discuss the word-forming, semantic and orthographic problems of a specific group of anthroponyms with the word-forming structure that combines prefixoid and anthroponym (Antihamlet, Lžidimitrij, Pseudomauríkios). We define the category of culturally symbolic anthroponym, role or situational anthroponym and conceptual anthroponym. We also address the appellativization of such anthroponyms – antijánošík, pseudojánošík. We pay separate attention to the names of historical pseudo-authors (Pseudomaurikios, Pseudoherodotos, Pseudolonginos) and we provide arguments why it is necessary to respect also the yet uncodified spelling of such anthroponyms – Pseudo-Maurikios, Pseudo-Herodotos, Pseudo-Longinus –, relying on the communicative requirements and specific functions of such names in the professional fields in which they originate and are used.
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The article deals with the origin and development of the oikonym Šoporňa. As there are different opinions about the origin of this settlement name, the author’s aim is to present all the motivational backgrounds, taking into account all the relevant geographic-historical-linguistic aspects, and to take an adequate position on them. The comparative method finally revealed, that the name of the village was probably not motivated by the apellative šopa (known in English as a shed), as a folk etymology suggests, but rather by the natural conditions of the locality.
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In the languages of the Western civilization in recent decades, we can notice an effort to create a gender-balanced or inclusive language. This is a cultural concept that has been implemented in French, English and German, for example, in various ways, both linguistically and graphically. It reflects the effort to make women visible in a discourse that, according to feminist studies, is laden with sexism. Inclusive language in its written variant has developed in new forms thanks to the graphic signs. The authors of these new forms are very often the public institutions who elaborate the guidelines for use of this type of language. This article describes the forms of inclusive language and examines the extent of its functionality and capacity to facilitate communication.
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After the term prsná (Engl. mammary), kojenecká (Engl. sackling) and dojčenská (Engl. Sackling) žľaza (Engl. gland), the Slovak nomenclature of human anatomy finally settled on the term detská žľaza (Engl. infant gland) for thymus, which is given in parallel with the Slovakized term týmus. In the nomenclature of veterinary anatomy, only the Slovakized term is used and there are no attempts to create a suitable Slovak term. Nevertheless, the term brzlík, the Slovak equivalent for thymus sometimes appears in non-prescriptive publications, both professional and popular science.
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The document brings questions from the public and answers from Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences on several topics as: the the use of outdated physical and technical unit names in professional texts, such as "konská sila" or use of phrases such as "pri postel´" Emphasizing that while some older units are still in common use and recognized in current dictionaries, they are not permitted in official documents like textbooks and technical standards. It clarifies the correct usage of prepositions in Slovak language, particularly in relation to placement and time, and addresses the declension of certain proper nouns and geographical names, providing guidance on the correct forms in various contexts. Additionally, the text explains the etymology and proper usage of certain Slovak words, including those borrowed from other languages, and offers advice on the correct spelling and declension of words in both singular and plural forms. Keywords: **unit names**; **prepositions**; **declension**; **etymology**
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The article delves into the rich lexicon of Slovak dialects, focusing on expressive terms used to describe mischievous children. It highlights the diversity and variability of these expressions, which range from affectionate to pejorative. The study categorizes these terms based on their emotional connotations, from neutral to vulgar. It also explores the regional differences in the usage of these words, noting how some terms are common across Slovakia while others are unique to specific areas. The article provides numerous examples of these dialectal words, illustrating their meanings and contexts. Additionally, it touches on the etymology and historical usage of some expressions, emphasizing their cultural significance. The research is part of a larger project aimed at documenting Slovak dialects comprehensively. The findings underscore the richness of the Slovak language and its regional variations. The article concludes by promising further exploration of this topic in future publications.
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The article discusses the use of the adjective "mandatórny" in Slovak administrative texts, questioning its appropriateness compared to "obligatórny" or "povinný". It explores the origins and usage of "mandatórny", noting its rare occurrence and specific contexts, such as legal and medical fields. The term is derived from the English "mandatory" and has been influenced by both English and Czech languages. The article highlights the potential for confusion with similar terms like "mandátny" and "mandátový". It concludes by questioning the necessity of adopting another foreign term when existing Slovak equivalents suffice, emphasizing the preference for clear and unambiguous terminology in professional settings.
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The article discusses the verb "vystúpať" in Slovak, noting its usage in various contexts such as tourism, literature, journalism, and blogs. It highlights two primary meanings: ascending to a higher position and reaching a certain height, value, or intensity. The verb is derived from "stúpať" and is frequently used in different forms, indicating its widespread acceptance and usage in the language.
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