Компонентен анализ на термините за родство в българския език

Author(s): Vladimir Perikliev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

The paper presents an exhaustive componential analysis of kinship terms in contemporary Bulgarian. The analysis has been accomplished by the application of a specialized software, which having been fed all kinship terms and their types, establishes all componential models, including „the simplest“ one (relying on a minimal number of distinctive features and meaning components for the definition of the terms). The results of the componential analysis are compared to those obtained for other Indo-European languages by applying the same software.

Лексикографията в европейското културно пространство

Author(s): Mariyana Vitanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 24/2012

Digital Presentation of Bulgarian Language Heritage - Tools and Web-applications

Author(s): Ralitsa Dutsova / Language(s): English Issue: VI/2016

The article describes a model of integrating language techniques with leading-edge technology to develop a web-based on-line tool for heritage language preservation and e-learning. Bulgarian language resources - parallel corpora and bilingual dictionary are presented in an interactive way using a common web-interface which is accessible for students, faculty, and affiliated Heritage language communities.

Affinal Kinship Terminology in the Corpus of Bulgarian and Ukrainian Parallel Texts

Author(s): Ivan Derzhanski,Olena Siruk / Language(s): English Issue: VI/2016

In this study we examine the occurrences and correspondences of terms for affinal kinship in a Bulgarian–Ukrainian parallel corpus of fiction. All instances of the terms selected for study, matching and non-matching, were located and counted, and the frequencies compared. Some of the asymmetries found may have roots in culture and history whilst others reflect diverse features of language and the practice of literary translation.

Юбилейно за Синтия Вакарелийска

Author(s): Slavka Keremidchieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 23/2011

Проблемно обучение, електронно учене и мобилни технологии при изучаването на чужд език

Author(s): Maria Neikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The article focuses on the role and place of problem-based learning in foreign language teaching. Its practical application creates the necessary conditions for the students to become active, autonomous subjects of their own learning. Problem-based learning is mostly implemented in the context of the traditional in-person form of education but it can function successfully in the context of e-learning as well. As a result, problem-based learning online strengthens its positions in FLT today. Mobile technologies are successfully integrated in the process of language learning and allow the students to overcome the restrictions of time and place in their own learning.

The Effect of Technology on Language and the Importance of Language Technologies

Author(s): Rafał Uzar / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2013

Back in the 1970s, the celebrated writer, scientist and inventor Arthur C. Clarke envisaged a world in which computers could be accessed in one’s own home and could provide us with information to help with our daily needs. Clarke talked about people being able to access their bank accounts and buy theatre tickets with a console the size of a book. A decade later the science fiction writer William Gibson termed the word ‘cyberspace’ in Burning Chrome, a full seven years before Tim Berners‐Lee invented the world wide web in 1989. Hypertext came soon after and with it the explosion that was the internet and the rise of the machines – personal computers, tablets, smartphones and the suchlike. The internet is essentially a gargantuan repository of language, both written and spoken. Hypertext, can be seen as an elegant metaphor for what the internet is, a dynamically evolving receptacle of linguistic information: hyper text. But technology, the internet and personal computing, has not only helped us compartmentalise and store our linguistic resources, it has also helped to fashion our language. Since the birth of hypertext, the virtual world and PCs, technology has had a profound effect on language. Our power to shape language has grown unexpectedly, our access to linguistic tools has expanded exponentially and our communicative abilities have bloomed beyond our wildest dreams. The paper will detail how ‘going online’ has changed our attitudes to language. Ideas of censorship and readership have dramatically altered over the past twenty five years. Technology has liberated language through the new medium that is the internet allowing for unfettered (and undisciplined?) language use.

Sąvoka lietuvių mokslo kalboje

Author(s): Asta Mitkevičienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 24/2017

The paper deals with the usage of the fundamental term of terminology sąvoka‘concept’ in academic Lithuanian. The research is aimed at establishing the semantic(contextual) partners of this term and its thematic field and to provide an outline of the concept ‘concept’ according to the usage of the term designating it. This is a corpus-based research, the source of which is Lietuvių mokslo kalbos tekstynas CorALit(Corpus of Academic Lithuanian CorALit) (publicly available at http://coralit.lt). Themain methodology of research is semantic analysis of phrases with sąvoka. Conjunctive usage and contextual synonymy of the term sąvoka which reflect paradigmatic relations of this term were also analysed.The lemma sąvoka was found in the corpus of academic Lithuanian CorALit 779times. It is present in texts from all five fields – the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, biomedical sciences and technological sciences. In this corpus the term sąvokais one and a half times more frequent than the terminology term termin as ‘term’.In academic Lithuanian the term sąvoka has attributes and is an attribute itself, it is also used as an object or subject and only sometimes as a predicative or adverbial modifier.Attributes describe term sąvoka according to name, space, action, content feature,other evaluating feature, time, place, author, language, object, etc. As an attribute term sąvoka is a secondary name, also a possessor or constituent and more deeply –object or subject of an action or a state, etc.As can be judged from objective phrases a concept is an object of usage, thinking,cognition and perception as well as research, linguistic activities and expression. It is being looked for, found, obtained, given, introduced or eliminated, legitimatized,changed or some other actions are performed in its respect. Besides that, a concept is a result as well as an instrument – not only of an intellectual activity, but also, according to the data of the corpus researched, an instrument of expression. Thus, the features of a term are ascribed to a concept.A concept as a subject includes, has or receives something, it changes something or experiences a change, takes place in space, performs a function or random actions, is in various states, is of some quality or is something, and rarely – simply exists.It can be observed from the conjunctive usage of sąvoka that its correlates are units of expression (including the term terminas), general terms of science and other abstract nouns, names of mental formations and parts or aspects of a concept.The terms sąvoka and terminas are used in academic Lithuanian not only in conjunction,but also as contextual synonyms. The usage of terminas instead of sąvokacould be seen as metonymy. Contextual synonymy of terms can be justified only if it doesn’t affect precision and clarity.Inaccurate usage of terms in texts distorts the results of research; therefore conclusions about the true meanings of terms and concepts named using these terms cannot be drawn solely on the basis of term usage in texts.

Linguistics

Author(s): Svetlana Nedelcheva,Aglika Dobreva,Aleksandra S. Aleksandrova,Deyana Peneva,Emilia Toneva,Temenuzhka Seizova-Nankova,Evdokia Marinova,Ilina Doykova,Miroslava Tsvetkova,Petranka Ivanova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

a group of papers analysing various aspects of Linguistics

О истакнутим асоцијативним истраживањима на Западу у 21. веку и могућностима њихове примене у (домаћој) лингвистици

Author(s): Ana Lj. Petrović Dakić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 21/2020

Since local associative research has, so far, been oriented towards the East and Russia, the aim of this paper is to give an overview of lesser-known, but interesting Western research, which could be of use to our linguists in the future. The associative method is used in different branches of the social sciences, but here we will focus on achievements in areas closest to our researchers: the use of this method with corpora, in order to facilitate vocabulary search; the construction of mental lexicon models based on verbal associations; and the use of these associations in the field of applied linguistics, in regard to second language acquisition.

Computational humour and Christie Davies’ basis for joke comparison

Author(s): Julia Taylor Rayz / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

While historically computational humour paid very little attention to sociology and mostly took into account subparts of linguistics and some psychology, Christie Davies wrote a number of papers that should affect the study of computational humour directly. This paper will look at one paper to illustrate this point, namely Christie’s chapter in the Primer of Humor Research. With the advancements in computational processing and big data analysis/analytics, it is becoming possible to look at a large collection of humorous texts that are available on the web. In particular, older texts, including joke materials, that are being scanned from previously published printed versions. Most of the approaches within computational humour concentrated on comparison of present/existing jokes, without taking into account classes of jokes that are absent in a given setting. While the absence of a class is unlikely to affect classification—something that researchers in computational humour seem to be interested in—it does come into light when features of various classes are compared and conclusions are being made. This paper will describe existing approaches and how they could be enhanced, thanks to Davies’ contributions and the advancements in data processing.

Change and Continuity in Translation. Renewing Communication in a Globalised World

Author(s): Yves Gambier / Language(s): English Issue: 37/2020

At first sight, technology is transforming rapidly the workflow in translation. Like in many other fields, digital technology impacts translators’ daily life. Technology is so omnipresent that we are hardly capable of measuring the consequences it had, the metamorphosis it has induced. On the other hand, we are also so fascinated by all the technical devices and platforms we can use that we tend to forget or undermine the past and how technology and media have always played a role in the evolution of our cultures. Looking back in history, we can realise that some current practices in translation, considered as new, are not really so new. The use of multimodal “texts” we are referring to everyday is not without analogy with the production and the reading of “texts” in the past. Perhaps the transition from a logocentric to an intersemiotic and intermedial culture puts an end to a limited period of time in history, dominated by printing. But closing the “Gutenberg parenthesis” does not imply coming across the same artefacts again as before the 15th century. Based on the existing literature, our paper questions the borders between some translation practice, media, disciplines, through an historical perspective.

Multilingual Culinary Lexicon

Author(s): Svetla Koeva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The article presents the Multilingual Culinary Lexicon – an online repertory for looking up information related to food, cooking and culinary matters in twenty five languages. A Culinary Lexicon has been developed for Bulgarian, and based on the relations of equivalence with English it has been connected with 23 languages for which (lexical-)semantic networks are available. This resulted in an online Multilingual Culinary Lexicon which contains synonyms, translation equivalents, (for some languages) definitions and examples, and for some synonym sets (synsets) – the respective ingredients. The synsets in Bulgarian were supplied with explanatory definitions, grammatical and stylistic labels, and examples in a similar way as in the regular explanatory dictionaries. The Bulgarian Culinary Lexicon comprises 3,222 synsets which contain 5,338 synonyms. The article offers an overview of the way the Multilingual Culinary Lexicon is being developed with a special focus on the additional lexicographic information it contains in comparison with the (Princeton) WordNet.

Arhitecturi ideatice ale bunelor practici didactice premergătoare etapelor de comprehensiune interferențială și integrativă în formarea competențelor de comunicare verbală

Author(s): Marcel Bâlici,Nadejda Bâlici / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

The study aims at elaborating a conceptual vision of correlation of the factors related to an understanding of the text, from the perspective of the literal and contextual comprehension, in tandem with aspects of interferential and integrative understanding. The didactical techniques proposed are presented only as elements of an incipient level of approach for the comprehension of the text, while the fundamental element is represented by the full exploitation of the connotations of the lexeme of the further didactical approach, which is indispensable in any verbal communication. The conceptualization of the connections between the learning paradigms and the methodological framework for the application of the models has as a main objective the development of the frames for the interpretation of the data and elaboration of the methodological structures certified from the perspective of efficiency in application on a personal learning style of the user, while placing the adequate topical techniques as part of the learning strategy.

Towards Flexible Foreign Language Learning through Digitalisation and Cooperation across University Borders in Finland

Author(s): Antti Petteri Kurhinen,Anu Mustonen,Marja Oksanen,Tapani Mottonen / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Finland has faced increasing immigration during the past years. Simultaneously, the aging of population has made Finland increasingly dependent on linguistically competent foreign workforce. To overcome this challenge, the Ministry of Education has started several national projects to promote the digitalization in education, including DIGIJOUJOU (2017–2019), whose main aim is to develop digital materials for teaching Finnish and Swedish. We will outline the work done in one sub-project of DIGIJOUJOU. In this sub-project, eight university level teachers have developed flexible working life oriented digital study modules for free use. We discuss the project in terms of both practical material production and the development of teachers’ digi-pedagogical competence.

POV Shots in Light of Cognitive Grammar

Author(s): Mircea Valeriu Deaca / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The paper applies Ronald Langacker’s Cognitive Grammar notions to cinematic editing constructions. Notions like head, complement, autonomous and dependent structures and the concept of elaboration site (e-site) are applied to editing constructions. The e-site represents a schematic region in the situation evoked by a simulation, and plays the role of a simulator and a goal concept. Simulations can contain schematic components that only partially represent entities and event frames, not just detailed representations of them. Starting from grammatical constructions, we will detail the couplings between control models in sequences of POV shots. The visual expression is a composite structure that “inherits’ its profile from a component structure. Different construals and constructional schemas are instantiated by the juxtapositions of shots.The e-site plays the role a goal-concept. Goal-derived categories constitute the mappings between roles in event sequences, and instantiations in the environment. As structures of these mappings emerge, the conceptual system becomes organized around the action–environment interface (Barsalou 2003: 522). Since conceptual representations are dynamically contextualized to support diverse courses of goal pursuit, situated conceptualizations support conceptual inferences via pattern completion. When one part of a situated conceptualization is perceived, the remainder of the conceptualization becomes active, constituting inferences about the current situation. In short, the e-site can be defined as a summary conceptualization that inhabits a schematic region of a simulation, and prompts the film viewer to construct concepts that will categorize other components down the chain of a sequence of shots.In this paper, I describe different semantic construals evoked by a POV sequence of shots. The claim is that sequences of shots are conceptual systems bound by circular loops at several levels. Several configurations of the system coexist and the viewer has the executive control necessary for implementing alternative meaning construals.

Kodifizierung als Sprachmanagementprozess. Zu einigen Beobachtungen aus der lexikographischen Praxis am Großen akademischen Wörterbuch Deutsch‑Tschechisch

Author(s): Vít Dovalil,Martin Šemelík / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2024

This study examines selected aspects of codification in the context of bilingual lexicography, with an emphasis on varying noun declension in cases such as des Autors vs des Autoren in German. Based on Language Management Theory, the study provides insights into the dictionary‑making process of the Large Academic Dictionary German‑Czech, an online dictionary currently under development. Using a qualitative, exploratory approach, observation is employed as the primary research method to illuminate the decision‑making processes involved in such codification. The findings reveal that language management is completed relatively quickly, resulting in outcomes that may be open to debate.

Internet of Vehicles Security Improvement Based Controller Area Network and Artificial Intelligence

Author(s): Ibraheem Hatem Mohammed / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2025

The Internet of Vehicle (IoV) is revolutionizing the automobile sector by allowing vehicles to interact between them and with roadside infrastructure. The Controller Area Network (CAN) is a vital component of such Autonomous vehicles (AVs), allowing communication between various Electronic Control Units (ECUs). However, the CAN protocol's intrinsic lack of security renders it opens to a variety of cyber-attacks, posing substantial hazards to both safety and privacy. This research proposes a defence mechanism for the real-time threat detection. It investigates the use of deep learning with multi-layer perceptron to improve the security of CAN networks inside the IoV framework. The suggested method is highly effective in identifying and mitigating potential risks, as evidenced by extensive testing on real-world CAN datasets.

Artificial Creativity: Augmenting Human Professionals

Author(s): Roland Mihai Împușcatu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on the advertising industry, with a particular focus on how these technologies are transforming creative processes. AI and AGI offer new opportunities for predicting consumer behavior and generating innovative content, thereby optimizing both the efficiency and costs associated with advertising campaigns. The study explores the applicability of AI and GAI I in various stages of an advertising campaign, from the initial concept to the evaluation of the impact on the target audience. It also discusses the challenges and limited creativity of GAI compared to human creativity, while emphasizing its role in augmenting work processes. The study suggests that the integration of AI and GAI in advertising has considerable potential to reshape the creative landscape, but requires careful collaboration between technologists and practitioners to fully realize the benefits.

An investigation of interactive metadiscourse markers in academic research article abstracts in two disciplines

Author(s): Irena Cani / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

An in-depth examination of abstracts from research articles can delve into various aspects, with linguistic features being a key focal point. One essential facet of linguistic features within research article abstracts involves the strategic use of interactive metadiscourse. This dynamic element plays a pivotal role in enhancing text persuasiveness and unfolding its significance within a discourse community. At the core of employing interactive metadiscourse is the belief in crafting socially engaging writing. Specifically, it illustrates how writers immerse themselves in their arguments, conveying attitudes and commitments to their readers. This research seeks to unravel the deployment of interactive metadiscourse markers by abstract writers across two disciplinary communities, Linguistic and Information Technology sciences. The overarching objective is to understand how these writers, hailing from diverse academic backgrounds, employ interactive metadiscourse to effectively communicate and organize their discourse for a wider audience. In line with this objective, Hyland's (2005) interpersonal model of metadiscourse serves as the analytical framework. A meticulous analysis was conducted on 64 research article abstracts in the fields of Linguistics and Information Technology. The findings reveal notable variations in the utilization of interactive metadiscourse across these two disciplines, shedding light on the distinctive approaches employed by writers to engage their audience and structure their discourse