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Wybrane aspekty genezy pedagogiki społecznej

Wybrane aspekty genezy pedagogiki społecznej

Author(s): Robert Janik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8/2015

The article deals with the issue connected with the social pedagogy in the context of economicalchanges. The purpose of this article is to present the origins of the philosophical, political andsocial ideas and their influence on the pedagogic. The role of social factors in pedagogy was andstill is very important. The first social thinkers and pedagogues – Jean-Jacques Rousseau, JohannHeinrich Pestalozzi, Johann Bernhard Basedow, Charles Booth, Simonde de Sismondi, ClaudeHenri Saint – Simon, Robert Owen, Octavia Hill, Samuel Barnett, Jane Laure Addams and MaryParker Follett – had a great influence on the early development of that field.

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Realizacja polityki fiskalnej w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego

Realizacja polityki fiskalnej w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego

Author(s): Marcin Spychała,Joanna Spychała / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2015

The essence of this article is to analyze the possibility of using fiscal policy to mitigate the effects of the global economic crisis. This issue is important because the performance of par-ticular socio-economic objectives must be done while ensuring sustainability of public finances in the medium and long term. The article assumes that the specific economic conditions resulting from the economic downturn forcing an escalation in the use of fiscal policy instruments, mainly the tools discretionary. This article aims to discuss the function of fiscal policy and a comparison of active and passive fiscal policy. The paper also explains the importance of the global economic crisis in the conduct of a responsible fiscal policy.

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Postawy i preferencje młodzieży oraz ich wpływ na rozwój kadr gospodarki opartej na wiedzy

Postawy i preferencje młodzieży oraz ich wpływ na rozwój kadr gospodarki opartej na wiedzy

Author(s): Ada Domańska,Robert Zajkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2015

Knowledge-based economy is an economic system that has a high development of information technology, technological progress and innovation. However, the primary distinguishing factor KBE is a science and knowledge as the basis of any economic change. This is why there are important goals for the educational system, which must shape the society that recognizes the principles of competition, showing a tendency towards innovation and constantly proliferating their knowledge and expertise. In this context, it is important to know the attitudes, preferences, aptitudes and orientation of students in Poland in the context of their future participation in the modern economy, human resources and “usefulness” for the development of knowledge-based economy.

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Nowoczesne systemy motywacyjne pracodawców i pracobiorców

Nowoczesne systemy motywacyjne pracodawców i pracobiorców

Author(s): Joanna Snopko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8/2014

In the twenty-first century, there was a change in the perception of the people in the organizations of the social subsystem to human capital, which also contributed to the professionalization of human resources policy. Employees are the most valuable potential of each organization, which means that without the active involvement and support you can not achieve the organization’s objectives. Therefore, the issue of motivation is becoming increasingly important. The essence of motivation is to influence employees, using a range of instruments called motivators, representing a total incentive system. This system through incentives shaping organizational behavior is to encourage employees to engage in their work in the best interests of the organization, identify with the objectives of the organization, and thus the proper execution of tasks at the same time the satisfaction of both parties. Therefore, incentive systems should offer a wide range of solutions to cater for the different needs of employees. Today’s incentive schemes aimed at creating the conditions that the employee he wanted to do what was expected of him with pleasure, the feeling of belonging to the organization, including the need for achievement and the importance of work. Therefore, financial incentives need to be supplemented by intangible factors like climate and building a corporate culture that will make people to work in it with satisfaction. Modern motivational systems, which are placed on human interaction and the organizational culture may in the long term guarantee to be bound by the employee with the organization. This article aims to bring the issue of the use of modern motivational systems in organizations.

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Rola społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstwa w budowaniu jego reputacji

Rola społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstwa w budowaniu jego reputacji

Author(s): Danuta Szwajca / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8/2014

Reputation constitutes a very valuable, intangible asset of the modern enterprise, generating many tangible benefits. Companies with good reputation have more loyal customers, attract more talented employees, acquire attractive investors, what results in a possibility of achieving higher profits, a high market value and better development prospects. Reputation is also an im-portant strategic resource, because due to being unique and difficult to follow, it can be a long-term source of competitive advantage. Building positive reputation requires meeting the needs and expectations of many different groups of stakeholders, among which the main ones are: customers, business partners, investors, employees, authorities and organizations as well as society as a whole. Each of these groups evaluate the company from their own perspective, through a prism of their own interests, therefore reputation characterized by distinct determinants, such as: quality, governance, financial performance, working conditions, social responsibility.In the recent years, one of the most important determinants of good reputation becomes CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) understood as a concept taking into account the interests of society and environment, as well as relationships with various interest groups by the company in the process of building and implementing its strategy. In practice this means that the voluntary commitment of resources companies in the implementation of projects and initiatives aimed at meeting the needs of local communities, as well as society as a whole. This paper presents the importance of social enterprise activity in the process of building positive reputation with an indication of the accompanying dilemmas of theoretical and practical nature.

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Etyczne aspekty finansowania przedsiębiorstw kredytem kupieckim

Etyczne aspekty finansowania przedsiębiorstw kredytem kupieckim

Author(s): Katarzyna Ziętek-Kwaśniewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8/2014

For many firms, a trade credit is one of the important sources of financing their business activity. While this arrangement brings some benefits to both suppliers and buyers, it also in-volves a risk of default by debtors. Late payments from buyers or, what is even worse, non-payments prompt to take up the problem of payment reliability, which is the subject of this paper.In the first part of the article, the author presents a trade credit in the context of trust, which is, next to such categories as mutual respect, reliability and punctuality of payments, one of the central concepts of the ethical codes of companies in the part describing relationships with the business partners. The second part outlines the problem of payment reliability among Polish enterprises. Then the author discusses some of the results of the research on late payment to suppliers. Although the low size of the sample did not allow for in-depth quantitative analysis of the phenomenon under study, it allowed to identify certain trends in the opinions expressed. The vast majority of respondents agreed that the trade payables must be paid in a timely manner, and delaying the payments to suppliers is unethical. At the same time, however, more than half of the respondents stated that in some cases, late-payments are justified, and the great majority of respondents from the group using a trade credit admitted to making payments after the due date (though usually with a low frequency). The results show some dissonance between the opinions expressed and payment behaviour of the respondents, signaling the need for further in-depth research in this area.

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Niezależność polityczna
Europejskiego Banku Centralnego

Niezależność polityczna Europejskiego Banku Centralnego

Author(s): Ireneusz Kraś / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2009

This article describes the issues associate with the political independence of the European Central Bank. In prelude author characterizes the functional models of the Central Bank. Presents Central Bank as institution dependent that is subordinated to government or institution independent of government. In further part of an article author is advancing arguments convincing for individual mod-els of central baking. Political independence of Central Bank author is considering in personal, fi-nancial, institutional and functional aspect. Author is setting an example of breaking political ECB independence. The article emphasizes that a politically independent European Central Bank hinders its ability to take advantage of monetary policies for temporary political gains. It is the author’s opinion that even with the goal of political independence for the ECB it does not mean that there will be an absence of democratic control.

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Taxation of Digital Services in the Context of Freedom to Provide Services

Taxation of Digital Services in the Context of Freedom to Provide Services

Author(s): Soňa Simić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

The presented paper is dedicated to the taxation of digital services in the light of one of the basic freedoms of the European internal market, namely the freedom to provide services according to Art. 56 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The taxation of digital services is currently characterized by the application of uncoordinated unilateral mechanisms by individual States, most often in the form of a digital services tax (DST). The author first provides a categorization of these unilateral mechanisms, especially in the field of direct and indirect taxes, and then considers the so-called "other unilateral mechanisms" consisting of inter alia special procedural legal institutes (e.g. the obligation of the digital platform as an intermediary to withhold tax). Subsequently, the author provides an overview of the interpretation of the provisions of Art. 56 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union in three cases discussed by the Court of Justice of the European Union concerning unilateral mechanisms of taxation of digital services.

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A Legal Evaluation of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Outer Space Asset-Financing

A Legal Evaluation of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Outer Space Asset-Financing

Author(s): Klemens Katterbauer,Laurent Cleenewerck / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

The space industry has grown significantly in importance, with more and more private companies aiming to provide services within the space environment. These include space tourism and the extensive deployment of satellites for earth monitoring, communication, and space exploration. Technological developments have accelerated the ability of private companies to provide services and establish businesses in the space area, with several new businesses providing services worldwide. With the technological advances in AI, the space area has been an essential area for AI to be deployed and the challenges it may face. The challenges with AI in the space sector and regulations in the space sector overall is the global regulatory nature of the environment. This is incredibly challenging given the significant discussion regarding national AI regulations to deal with this fast-developing area. Based on the challenging regulatory environment and associated risks, financing these new business models has presented new complexities that must be taken care of. Asset-based financing of such operations represents vital opportunities to deal with the intricate complexities of such operations and the various legal environments. While liability and other challenges have to be considered both in light of national and international regulations that may have to be taken into account, asset financing represents a very attractive option given the priority and security of the interest in the space asset. Specifically, there are various remedies given that it reduces the risk of various non-compatible regulations in order to secure their concerning asset rights. Furthermore, pre-existing third-party interests can be looked up via online registries, reducing potential risks.

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Ekonomiczny wymiar prawa pracy − ujęcie syntetyczne

Author(s): Janusz Żołyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

Human labour has an economic and social dimension. Social, because the person doing the work does not do it alone, individually. The social act of labour creation occurs. The economic dimension is the result of the fact that the work is undertaken for the sole purpose of earning money, as the activity is paid and therefore economic. For this reason, labour law in its economic dimension should be analysed both as a normative phenomenon and as a concept. Furthermore, it should be considered integrally in the praxeological field, as the law is adopted to be effective through its solutions and not merely showy, satisfying in a given period of history the particular political needs of those currently in power.

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Uprawnienia opiekunów dzieci przyznawane przez pracodawców jako przejaw realizacji celów wynikających z dyrektywy 2019/1158

Author(s): Krzysztof Walczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

Directive 2019/1158 obliges Member States to facilitate the reconciliation of work and family life for workers. This task can be carried out directly by the state as well as by employers. In the first case, it is necessary to issue laws. On the other hand, employers can help employees in the implementation of childcare through collective labour agreements, regulations and the so-called soft law. The information contained in the article is based on the research conducted by the author together with Barbara Godlewska-Bujok on the rights of employees in relation to parenthood granted by employers.

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Rozwój kompetencji technologicznych w zawodach prawniczych w warunkach gospodarki cyfrowej

Rozwój kompetencji technologicznych w zawodach prawniczych w warunkach gospodarki cyfrowej

Author(s): Hanna Spasowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

A variety of services are already largely supported by solutions based on artificial intelligence and, consequently, traditional jobs are gradually being replaced by intelligent software. It is becoming necessary to provide conditions for the professional conversion of society in order to counteract technological unemployment. The most important resource that has a significant impact on the development of artificial intelligence is human capital in the form of a properly educated society, especially in mathematics, logic, technical and natural sciences, as well as the ability to think creatively and work in teams. Lawyers are facing major changes due to the development of new technologies, which, by creating new opportunities, will fundamentally change the market and challenge accepted working methods.

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ПРАКТИЧЕСКА ПРИЛОЖИМОСТ НА МИКРО- И МАКРОИКОНОМИЧЕСКИ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ЧРЕЗ ФИНАНСОВО МОДЕЛИРАНЕ

ПРАКТИЧЕСКА ПРИЛОЖИМОСТ НА МИКРО- И МАКРОИКОНОМИЧЕСКИ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ЧРЕЗ ФИНАНСОВО МОДЕЛИРАНЕ

Author(s): Bozhidar Radkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

Establishing the financial performance of one or multiple business organizations could be qualified as the underlying objective behind the preparation of various financial models. The continuous development of financial modelling is contributing to the further refinement of financial models and their application for other purposes. This research paper provides concrete examples of the practical application of one micro- and one macroeconomic concepts using financial modelling.

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СЪЩНОСТ И ЕТАПИ НА РЕИНЖЕНЕРИНГ ПРИ БАНКОВИЯ СЕКТОР В КОНТЕКСТА НА «ИКОНОМИКА НА ЗНАНИЕТО

СЪЩНОСТ И ЕТАПИ НА РЕИНЖЕНЕРИНГ ПРИ БАНКОВИЯ СЕКТОР В КОНТЕКСТА НА «ИКОНОМИКА НА ЗНАНИЕТО

Author(s): Petya Slavova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The purpose of the research is to observe the reengineering of selected business processes in the banking sector in Bulgaria. The following methods were used in the implementation of the present study, which are also included in the knowledge economy: the method of observation, analytical methods, intuitive methods, morphological methods, algorithmic methods, causal methods and others. The results presented in the paper are related to the scientific research project titled: “Entry of Bulgarian enterprises in the knowledge economy – contemporary aspects and challenges” with incoming number: NI-4-2022”.

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Gamification in Business and Entrepreneurship Education – Theory and Applications

Gamification in Business and Entrepreneurship Education – Theory and Applications

Author(s): Eduard Marinov,Elena Spasova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The aim of this study is to systematize the main advantages and difficulties in the use of game elements in entrepreneurship education. It will examine the expected effects of their application on the quality of education and the level of skills acquired. The first part discusses the need to rethink the way in which entrepreneurship education is conducted in relation to new opportunities provided by technology; but also due to the changing needs and ways of training new generations. The next section analyzes the various possibilities for applying “gaming” practices in training and linking them with a systematic framework for the acquisition of knowledge; skills and competencies. The last part presents the methodology used by the authors to create a gaming platform for entrepreneurship education. The final part summarizes some conclusions and makes recommendations for the use of gamification in education in the field of business; entrepreneurship and economics in secondary and higher education.The aim of this study is to systematize the main advantages and difficulties in the use of game elements in entrepreneurship education. It will examine the expected effects of their application on the quality of education and the level of skills acquired. The first part discusses the need to rethink the way in which entrepreneurship education is conducted in relation to new opportunities provided by technology, but also due to the changing needs and ways of training new generations. The next section analyzes the various possibilities for applying “gaming” practices in training and linking them with a systematic framework for the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies. The last part presents the methodology used by the authors to create a gaming platform for entrepreneurship education. The final part summarizes some conclusions and makes recommendations for the use of gamification in education in the field of business, entrepreneurship and economics in secondary and higher education.The aim of this study is to systematize the main advantages and difficulties in the use of game elements in entrepreneurship education. It will examine the expected effects of their application on the quality of education and the level of skills acquired. The first part discusses the need to rethink the way in which entrepreneurship education is conducted in relation to new opportunities provided by technology, but also due to the changing needs and ways of training new generations. The next section analyzes the various possibilities for applying “gaming” practices in training and linking them with a systematic framework for the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies. The last part presents the methodology used by the authors to create a gaming platform for entrepreneurship education. The final part summarizes some conclusions and makes recommendations for the use of gamification in education in the field of business, entrepreneurship and economics in secondary and higher education.The aim of this study is to systematize the main advantages and difficulties in the use of game elements in entrepreneurship education. It will examine the expected effects of their application on the quality of education and the level of skills acquired. The first part discusses the need to rethink the way in which entrepreneurship education is conducted in relation to new opportunities provided by technology, but also due to the changing needs and ways of training new generations. The next section analyzes the various possibilities for applying “gaming” practices in training and linking them with a systematic framework for the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies. The last part presents the methodology used by the authors to create a gaming platform for entrepreneurship education. The final part summarizes some conclusions and makes recommendations for the use of gamification in education in the field of business, entrepreneurship and economics in secondary and higher education.The aim of this study is to systematize the main advantages and difficulties in the use of game elements in entrepreneurship education. It will examine the expected effects of their application on the quality of education and the level of skills acquired. The first part discusses the need to rethink the way in which entrepreneurship education is conducted in relation to new opportunities provided by technology, but also due to the changing needs and ways of training new generations. The next section analyzes the various possibilities for applying “gaming” practices in training and linking them with a systematic framework for the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies. The last part presents the methodology used by the authors to create a gaming platform for entrepreneurship education. The final part summarizes some conclusions and makes recommendations for the use of gamification in education in the field of business, entrepreneurship and economics in secondary and higher education.

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ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНІ УМОВИ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В АГРАРНОМУ ІНТЕГРОВАНОМУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВІ

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНІ УМОВИ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В АГРАРНОМУ ІНТЕГРОВАНОМУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВІ

Author(s): Ivan Filchenko,Denys Sartakov,Vladyslav Kryzhniy,Andrii Laiko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2024

The article is devoted to the study of scientific knowledge on the general organizational conditions for corporate governance in an agrarian integrated enterprise. Based on the analysis of scientific knowledge on the conditions and features of corporate governance in integrated agricultural structures, the authors have found that relations arise not between the owners of a corporation, but between the corporation and the owners, and thus relations in the group of owners are absent or minimized. In practice, the key element of contracting is not an attempt to determine the behavior of the CEO in all possible situations, but to develop a structured system of remuneration for managers. The main goal of this operation is to find the optimal combination of different types of remuneration for top managers, which will ensure mutually beneficial interests of both shareholders and managers of the corporation. The author proves that the most effective mechanism of internal control over the activities of a corporation's management personnel is to involve shareholders in protecting their interests through agents (outsiders) who are not employees of the corporation but are vested with certain controlling powers. It is assumed that these agents will not be directly related to the operational management of the corporation, and thus they become the defenders of the interests of the owners. It is found that there is a direct relationship between agency conflicts and corporate governance mechanisms. The result of the study is the identification of positive and negative aspects of capital concentration in a corporation. This leads to the conclusion that with an increase in the manager's shareholding, the level of agency conflicts decreases. The authors propose a detailed model of corporate governance that takes into account the interests of all participants. The conflict of interests between owners and managers of a corporate structure is investigated. The peculiarities of functioning of the external mechanism of control by the financial market in the corporate governance system and their shortcomings are highlighted. The institutional factors influencing the corporate governance system of an integrated agricultural enterprise are demonstrated.

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ФИНАНСОВ СУВЕРЕНИТЕТ И ФИНАНСОВА СИГУРНОСТ

ФИНАНСОВ СУВЕРЕНИТЕТ И ФИНАНСОВА СИГУРНОСТ

Author(s): Boyko Mitkov Petev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 01 BG/2023

This article attempts to explore the threats related to financial security and the possibilities to minimize and eliminate the negative impacts and encroachments of fraud attempts on people, companies, the state and the EU, as current problems and challenges of financial sovereignty and security in each country and throughout the EU.

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Борсовата търговия на Баварската стокова борса

Борсовата търговия на Баварската стокова борса

Author(s): Ivanka Kostova,Marin Bratkov,Katalina Stavreva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

In this article, the following questions will be considered: how the Bavarian Commodity Exchange came into existence – what is characteristic of the exchange, history – past, present and prospects; what is traded on this exchange and what are the prospects for trading the specified goods – general information, base assets selected for analysis; types of transactions; current trading – comparisons and analyses: overview and trading partners, yield, price fluctuations and trends in relation to trade of the specified goods; trade conclusions for the year 2022 and the year 2023 of the Bavarian Commodity Exchange and forecasts for future trends.

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Estimating the Share of Sickness Absence Costs in Europe's GDP – a Country, Gender and Time Perspective

Estimating the Share of Sickness Absence Costs in Europe's GDP – a Country, Gender and Time Perspective

Author(s): Katarzyna Miszczyńska,Elżbieta Antczak,Valentina Prevolnik Rupel / Language(s): English Issue: Sp. Issue/2023

The purpose of the article. The aim of the study was to calculate and evaluate the costs of employee sickness absence in European countries over the period 2006–2020. An additional objective was to analyse the sensitivity of the development of absenteeism costs depending on the changing level of the discount rate used in economic evaluation analyses.Methodology. The estimation and subsequent assessment of absenteeism of working-age people costs was based on human-capital approach and was carried out retrospectively using the morbidity, top-down approach, based on aggregated epidemiological data. As a measure of production loss volume, GDP per working person was adopted.Results of the research. The study indicated that there is variation in the cost of sickness absence across European countries, but no clustering relationship was identified from a geographic perspective. In addition, SACS is in the range of 1,9% – 2,1% in all countries in 2006 prices.

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REVOLUȚIA DIGITALĂ ȘI TRANSFORMAREA EDUCAȚIEI

Author(s): Delia Mariana Ardelean,Rozalia Rotaru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2023

As the world becomes increasingly interconnected and dependent on technology, adopting digital tools and methodologies in education is no longer an option, but a necessity. Starting from these realities of the times we live in, this article explores the role of digitization in modern education and its far-reaching implications.

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