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This article considers the most relevant genres of media discourse in the teaching RFL – the multimodal genres of text presented in the media, as the materials for teaching foreign students reading and conducting pedagogical diagnostic, also it presents the possible uses of these genres of text in the productive work of students.
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The article considers the peculiarities of the process of verb prefixation in the teaching of foreign students the basics of grammar (Slavic languages). Common for Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Russian main semantic groups of verb prefixes, their variability and productivity are identified, in particular, on the basis of the created manual for studying the language by foreigners.
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The article offers an analysis of some appositives to the name of St. Demetrios of Thessaloniki according to the Slavonic translation of the Miscellany of Miracles by John Staurakios, who lived in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. The Slavonic translation survives in two autographs of Vladislav the Grammarian – The Rila Panegyric of 1479 and Manuscript OR Vyaz. Q. 279 – a 1480s collection of works dedicated to the saint kept in the National Library of Russia in Saint Petersburg. Stable appositives include nicknames, paraphrases, antonomasia and appellative symbols. The aim of the paper is not so much to propose a classification as to outline the semantic fields with respect to which the image of the saint is most fully unfolded. Several categories of nicknames are distinguished, representing various aspects of the image of St. Demetrios: his role as a protector of the city; his image as a warrior saint; his healing powers and some general appositives. Some 40 examples have been analysed and contextualised according to the Greek original and its Slavonic translation. The culturological analysis of the linguistic data reveals important aspects of the cult of St. Demetrios in the Middle Ages.
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The article studies a peculiar character found in Bulgarian folk mythology – calendar witches/sorceresses. It examines the periods of time when these beings were most active, as well as the various rituals ensuring protection from their harmful influences (milk theft and wheat theft). The author also discusses the names of this mythical character found in the Bulgarian dialects, along with the ritual actions and objects used for its neutralisation.
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This article discusses specifically the terminological apparatus employed by the team of the Department of Ethnolinguistics at the Institute for Bulgarian Language. It provides an outline of one of the ongoing projects of the Department, presenting the project team and the work methodology adopted in its implementation. The author draws a comparison between the terms used by the Lublin and the Moscow ethnolinguistic schools and goes on to present the latest scientific developments undertaken by the Department’s team and the prospects for its future work.
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One of the most important traits of humans is the ability to communicate messages verbally to other members of the Homo sapiens species through a system of sounds, vocabulary and grammatical means specific to a given ethnic group. Language and speech are the two sides of communication. While linguistic literature draws a strict distinction between the concepts of language and speech, in everyday idiom and in the dialects these two concepts are often used interchangeably. Language is also a part of culture, a form of its materialisation. This article deals with the lexical representation of the concept of language in Bulgarian, with an emphasis on its dialects.
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The article presents an analysis of survey material employed in the study of the concept of society. The actual analysis is based on a free association experiment conducted among 100 participants, men and women, aimed at shedding light on the contemporary understanding of the studied concept. Two types of questionnaires were used: free-association and multiple-choice. The author draws conclusions about the collected experimental material according to three main criteria – gender, age and education of the participants and outlines the main aspects characterising the divergent notions of this cultural construct.
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The object of research in this paper is the concept of responsiveness examined on the basis of dictionary material and some precedent texts. The goal is to determine the place of responsiveness understood as readiness to provide help in the value system of Bulgarians: To what extent are Bulgarians ready to respond to the request for help from another person and what are their concerns? To what extent do Bulgarians trust the people around them and what is their judgment as to whom they can rely on in difficult times? The article shows that Bulgarians value their family, friends and faith, but also notes on some observed instances of lack of responsiveness.
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The article aims to outline the semantic and syntactic specifics of verbs of auditory perception and sound production. There is a strong semantic relationship between these two subclasses, although the predicates differ in terms of the syntactic realisation of their semantic participants. Five FrameNet frames are analysed in more detail. Their description consists of a definition of the frame and its frame elements and examples illustrating the frame’s use.
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When a group of people including one or more men is referred to, language users experience difficulties in choosing between a regular and a masculine personal numeral, for instance: седем преподаватели and седмина преподаватели (seven teachers) or сто двайсет и девет лекари and сто двайсет и деветима лекари (one hundred and twenty nine doctors). The article discusses the normative recommendations for the use of numerals with nouns referring to groups consisting of men or men and women.
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The article presents the results of study of the freight forwarding terms according to two criteria – the derivation and the frequency of use. Based on the comparison of the results, the terms located in the center of the considered term system are identified.
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The article deals with the use of Russian indefinite pronominal adverbs with spatial meaning где-то, куда-то, откуда-то and their Bulgarian correspondences. It also discusses the ways of translating structures containing such adverbs into Bulgarian.
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The article discusses the realisation of the cooperative principle in Russian and Bulgarian verbal communication. It looks into the strategies and language means used for achieving polite and successful interaction.
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The article represents the comparative analysis of the phraseologisms with the the component gora 'mountain' in the Russian language and their analogues in Bulgarian and Serbian. The analysis revealed both similarities and differences in the conceptualization of mountain as a landform in the linguistic cultures under study. The similarities in the structure and semantics of phraseologisms are due to the fact that a part of these fixed phrases are internationalisms that originate from classical literature and Bible. The presence of similar metaphors and symbols we explain by the universal mechanisms of creating cognitive metaphors and symbols. The differences between the Russian, Bulgarian and Serbian phraseologisms are based on purely linguistic specifics as well as on the characteristics of nature and landscape of Russia (Russian Plain), Bulgaria and Serbia.
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The Cyrillo-Methodian heritage is a common phenomenon of European value, promoting religious tolerance, cultural equality, and understanding of European cultural history and identity. The virtual cluster KYRILLOMETHODIKON developed at the Cyrillo-Methodian Research Centre (CMRC) at BAS is part of the Centre of Excellence "Heritage BG" (BG05M2OP001-1.001-0001 Project), aiming to provide structured knowledge on this phenomenon and its manifestations. The digital repository offers resources for research on the first stage of Slavic Christian culture with an accent on its Old Bulgarian part, reflecting the multidisciplinary research paradigm of the Centre: studies in medieval literature, linguistics, history, theology, art history, and anthropology. To ensure the educational socialisation of the research in these disciplines, a Scientific and Educational Interdisciplinary Centre for Cyrillo-Methodian studies was created within the framework of KYRILLOMETHODIKON, sharing educational tools for a wide range of audiences, including children, school students, undergraduates, and doctoral candidates.
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The palimpsests represent unique historical sources that hold the potential for new insights in the field of human history. These manuscripts, rewritten and reused over time, pose challenges in the research related to their readability and interpretation. The present study aims to investigate the readability of palimpsests through the use of image preprocessing techniques. The article focuses on methods for the preprocessing of palimpsests that could lead to a significant improvement in the readability of the 'hidden' text. The challenges encountered during the processing of palimpsests are explored and various techniques applicable to improving the readability of these manuscripts are analyzed. The primary goal of preprocessing in this context is to separate the 'hidden' text from the visible one, neutralizing material defects and aging. The article presents specific methods such as extracting specific color range from a palimsest image. The experimental techniques are highlighted with sample codes illustrating the application of the respective technology. The current research attempts to advance the development of methods for processing palimpsests and opens up new perspectives for extracting information from those historically valuable manuscripts.
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In this paper we present some modifications to and extensions of a Wordnet for Bulgarian designed to make it more appropriate for applications in the area of language learning. However, in order to support education, we need to ensure the appropriate selection of sets of synonyms (synsets) from BTB-Wordnet, depending on the education level of the learners, and various types of exercises based on integration of the learning topic and semantic information within Wordnet. For this purpose, our focus is mainly on the combination of the lexemes (lemmas), with their meanings and examples, and the specially designed pictures as illustrations of those meanings within the synsets. We report on our preliminary results.
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This article presents a discussion on polysemy in a crossword by Perec. We apply Culioli’s modelling approach in terms of operation of location and construction of a notion and its notional domain. Polysemy is seen as part of the intangible cultural heritage within languages.
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The paper deals with Bulgarian compound sentences with the conjunction kolkoto da, whose status among the classes of subordinate clausal constructions is debated in Bulgarian studies. Structures containing the conjunction kolkoto da are subject to analysis, giving rise to arguments substantiating the subdivision of such sentences into two semantic subtypes: those of purpose and those of measure/degree. The range of Russian correspondences for such patterns is outlined.
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The main means of making speech communication are references that unequivocally show that speech is directed to the interlocutor. The address serves to realize the phatic function of language and occupies an extremely important place in the process of communication. As an element of speech communication, this language unit is seen as the main communicema serving to start speech communication and to hold the attention of the addressee during the speech interaction. The address is an introductory element of every kind of speech communication between people. The right choice of address depends to a great extent on both the tone and the nature of communicative communication, as well as the power of its impact on the addressee and the achievement of the communicative goal.
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