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A word group with a conjuction (bağlama grubu) is formed from a noun words and from a conjunction. Ex. siyah ve beyaz/ black and white. This paper deals word group with a conjunction in Turkish language and their equivalence in Macedonian language.
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The etymological analysis of the name of the medicinal plant Ocimum basilicum in this article discusses about etymological origin of the selected scientific Slavic name of plant meanwhile the data for our research was gathered from different literature sources. We include an outline of the etymology of the scientific Latin, Greek and Slavic names - its purpose, challenges that it faces and possible solutions for overcoming them. Since the purpose of the thesis was to find the origin of the phytonym, we made our effort to the language, from which the oldest documented words - names originate. In the explanation part we state also motives for naming and therefore meaning origins of the plant name, and analysis has been made. Every explanation is enriched by cultural-historical, botanical, linguistic and other backgrounds essential for its understanding.
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Almost six decades after it was first published, the novel The Painted Bird, by the Polish-American author Jerzy Kosinski, continues to attract interest and controversy. The book was widely translated and an analytical comparison of its translation into over a dozen languages was recently published. Noting the absence of Dutch from this analysis, the present contribution aims to provide an overview of De geverfde vogel, the Dutch translation of The Painted Bird. In the first instance, information regarding the circumstances and development of Kosinski’s original novel are outlined. This is subsequently complemented by an overview of the Dutch language as well as the context behind the translation of the book, before relevant aspects relating to the original and the Dutch translation are compared and contrasted.
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The subject of this research is Pillow Man, a 2003 play written by Martin McDonagh. The work will be analyzed in terms of both, content and form during the study. Postdrama, tragedy and its parts, Jung's four archetypes, Foucault's prison theory, in-yer-face theatre, and Martin McDonagh's biography will be discussed. The study's goal will be to discover which currents affect today's theater, to determine whether old theater movements are still useful, and to bring to light how the theater has evolved in comparison to the past. Furthermore, how currents and modern morality affect theater plays will be examined in terms of Pillow Man, and the study will achieve its goal.
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The textbook “English Language Teaching: Key Issues” by Dr. Nina Daskalovska, professor at the Faculty of Philology – Goce Delchev University in Stip was published in 2022. This capital work covers the contents studied in the course Methodology of English Language Teaching 3. According to the study program, this course is mandatory for the students of the Department of English Language and Literature Teaching program in the seventh semester. The contents of the English language teaching methodology are presented in twelve chapters. In this paper, we will go through the pages of the book in detail and give a short review of each chapter separately.
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The article examines the degree of recognizability of the error in forms such as от- говорносттъ, песентъ, based on the results of a non-representative survey. In addition, the author studies the respondents’ attitudes towards the person in whose speech this phenomenon occurs. This person is assessed with regard to the features educated, wellmannered, intelligent, likable and high social status. The dependence of respondents’ attitudes on their socio-demographic characteristics is also commented on.
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The article aims to examine the speech of the political speeches of the former prime minister and the co-chairman of “We continue the change” Kiril Petkov. The language material, on the basis of which the language portrait was built, is from public speeches of Kiril Petkov – official speeches, speeches to protestors, recordings from parliamentary control, transcripts from a meeting of the National Assembly. The article traces whether his vocabulary adheres to the official sphere of communication, its dynamics and whether it meets the requirements of the high speech etiquette. In addition, it focuses on the expressive coloring of the language, the frequency of verbal aggression and its manifestations. The study traces what propaganda techniques the speaker uses, when formal behavior is replaced by emotions, and how this affects the speech. The subject of linguistic analysis is the tendency to idle words, the frequency in the use of repetitions, metaphors, metonymies, hyperboles, phraseological combinations. The research follows how the political speech affects the other people’s representatives in the plenary hall, the representatives of the opposition and the citizens. Another question that is asked how the revealed type of speaking affects the listeners – be they political figures or not – whether they gain approval or, on the contrary, provoke the dissatisfaction of the audience.
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This article discusses the questions on pronunciation received at the Language Consultation Service. The author defines the place of orthoepy in the overall picture of language consulting and offers a characterization and thematic classification of the inquiries concerned with correct pronunciation. As he finds out, only a small number of the questions received by the Language Consultation Service deal with pronunciation, showing only limited interest in orthoepy and lack of interest in most pronunciation-related phenomena and norms. The author summarises the reasons for the significant predominance of questions regarding the spelling over inquiries on orthoepy in the practice of language consulting, the major one among them being the principal difference between orthographic and orthoepic norms.
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This article aims at presenting some issues related to translating culturemes. The first part deals with defining key concepts such as culture, cultureme, and their relation to language and translation. A few examples of difficulties in translating culture-bound words will be presented in the second part of the paper.
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This paper presents an analysis of the results obtained from a Polish-Bulgarian contrastive experimental study conducted and presented by Natalia Długosz and Andreana Eftimova in the book Syndrom postcovidowy w języku. Polsko-bułgarskie studium przypadku (raport z bedanas eksperimentalnych) / The Post-covid Syndrome in the Language. The Polish-Bulgarian Case (an Experimental Research Report) (2023). In this paper, however, only the data obtained from the Bulgarian respondents are taken into account, and a different methodology for data analysis and interpretation is employed as compared with the contrastive study. The results of the component and distributional analysis of the meaning of three composita: ковидтуризъм (covid tourism), ковидкупон (covid party) and коронапаника (corona panic), selected according to their use in Bulgarian and Polish media, show lack of a single predominant meaning as attested by the high dispersion of the answers in the experiments. The most clearly and consistently conceptualized compositum is коронапаника, whose second, obviously prevailing, component organizes around itself two concretizing semes in the meaning of the word.
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This notice deals with the stress in nouns and adjectives formed with the prefixes въз-, извън-, не-, пра-, пре- and its representation in the Academic Grammar and the Official Spelling Dictionary from 2012. After laying out the principles used to define whether a word bears one or two stresses, the author points out the issues in representing the stress of the studied words.
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In literature just as in the art of painting, the representation of the romantic or pictorial hero is dependent on an antihero who designates, by the narration of facts or by the evocation of pictorial signs, the relationship, the influence or effect of one on the other. In Zola's tale The Convent we have tried to analyse the relationship between two little girls with different aspects in their behaviour by showing the link between their descriptions and the paintings by Manet. Since Zola and Manet are considered to be very good friends, this explains the inspiration they drew on from each other through their literary and artistic creations which contain echoes and correspondences, among other things, in the evocation of the status of the hero and the antihero.
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It is significant how the concept of Carlyle’s “heroic clear visuality” was challenged by late 19th-century Black Americans. Nicholas Mirzoeff points out two cases: Sojourner Truth’s tactic, “inverse visuality”, and W.E.B. Du Bois’ “veiled visuality”. My paper examines divergent art works or projects exhibited in 2021-22 to track how a shift from “heroic clear visuality” is present in new visual narratives which demand new ways of “looking”. In my view, new works are radical in their claim for a special form of opacity (Glissant): on the one hand, they recommend a more emphatic counter-visual narrative by Indigenous groups (the former anti-heroes). On the other hand, they demand a mode of bodily seeing – or rather sensing – with the represented (of new non-human heroes). (Haraway).
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For almost two hundred years, the critical narrative presenting Edgar A. Poe’s use and misuse of alcohol has oscillated between two poles. On the one hand, mainly in the United States, his enemies, while he was still alive and soon after his death presented him as an alcoholic and a man of great talent, yet someone who deserved moral rebuke. On the other hand, Poe’s American admirers and his European modernist followers interpreted Poe’s relation with alcohol positively in two aspects. First, Poe’s drinking was a temporary escape from his miserable life in the American milieu of utilitarian and moralistic attitudes toward art. And, second, Poe was seen as a romantic and modernist artist finding in alcohol a path transcending reality and leading to the domain of pure art. The article studies the formation of the dual narrative of Poe’s drunkenness/intoxication in the United States and modernist France (and to a much lesser extent in Bulgaria and Russia). The study also sheds some light on Bulgarian criticism in both its popular and commercial version, as well as in its high modernist period presented by Bulgaria’s leading modernist and avant-garde artist Geo Milev (1895-1925). Bulgarian critics, when discussing Poe and alcohol, repeat in an impoverished fashion well-established American and European aspects of the narrative of Poe and alcohol.
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The article deals with the somatic aspects of corrections in the context of penitentiary law. During the 20th century, the term „correction“ was often instrumentalized for ideological and propaganda purposes and used as a euphemism for terror and atrocities in prisons. Consequently, the word is no longer used in German legal texts in relation to adult persons, which can lead to some difficulties in translating from Bulgarian into German. This problem can be solved by choosing a domesticating translation strategy.
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In a broader, non-scholarly context, teaching presence is manifested through the instructor’s ability to build rapport with their students, which, in turn, is reported to have a positive effect on students’ engagement with the content, the environment and the community. The article explores the author’s teaching pattern online, or the way her presence and persona compensate for the lack of physical space and belonging, and provide the social and cognitive circumstances needed for learning to take place, according to the constructivist stance. It intends to find an answer to the question “How does one build a teaching persona to feel comfortable within online?” Through a qualitative narrative self-inquiry, a reflective framework on teacher presence is designed to serve as a positive prompt for efficient professional help.
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The study examines and compares the semantic characteristics and frequency of occurrence of the Bulgarian copulative conjunctions и, та, па, нито, ни and хем across four corpora, consisting of texts from the end of the 19th century and from the contemporary period (2018–2022). In addition, the use of the conjunctions under discussion in contemporary literary, scientific and journalistic texts is analysed and compared. The frequency analysis shows that the use of the conjunctions та, па, ни and хем in writing has declined during the 20th century. The frequency of use of the conjunction и, on the other hand, remains unchanged in the contemporary language. On the whole, the use of copulative conjunctions in contemporary texts is lower than in the 19th-century texts, which may signify an increase in the stylistic divide between written and spoken language. The examination of the semantic characteristics of the conjunctions revealed a reduction in the scope of semantic function of some conjunctions. The author provides some ideas for further research on the topic.
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The report examines Nikola Vaptsarov’s poetic talent development and his personal progress during his training in the Marine Engineering School (1926–1932). The spiritual connection in the poetry of Nikola Vaptsarov—The Sailor, between the people, the sea, and machines is being revealed in the paper. A proposal has been made about establishing a presidential award—Vaptsarov International Prize "The Sea and the Machines", which will stimulate the development of marine sciences, the education and upbringing of maritime personnel, achievements in the field of navigation safety. The international significance of the personality and poetry of Nikola Vaptsarov to the world culture is presented in an argumentative manner.
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In Croatian, the location and destination of motion are expressed mainly by various syntactic means, but their neutralisation is also described in the literature, especially in South Čakavian dialects. This paper examines the distribution of this phenomenon in written texts from the Middle Ages onwards, in Čakavian and Štokavian, and in contemporary Čakavian and Croatian Štokavian dialects, in order to determine its age and distribution. By comparing the distribution of this isogloss with the distribution of various Eastern Romance languages on the eastern Adriatic coast, its origin, previously associated with the Dalmatian language, will be more precisely determined.
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This paper aims to determine the similarities and differences in the formation of compliments and compliment responses by Croatian and German students. The research was carried out by means of the Discourse Completion Test questionnaire among 30 students at the University of Zadar and 30 students at the University of Heidelberg. The way of giving compliments was analyzed at the lexical, morphological, and syntactic level. Furthermore, to determine to what extent the context influences the giving and receiving of compliments, the following contextual variables were analyzed: the subject of the compliment (appearance, ability, assets, personality), the formality of the situation (formal/informal situation), social status, role and closeness of interlocutors (strangers, acquaintances, friends, best friends). Regarding the response to compliments, the similarities and differences in closeness and the way of expressing compliments and their linguistic form were analyzed. Similarities refer to the ways of expressing compliments in both languages with elliptical and exclamatory sentences. Differences refer to forms of giving compliments. The most common responses to compliments were acceptance and gratitude.
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