Absence de décision. Examen de quelques récits brefs des XIIe et XIIIe siècles

Author(s): Anna Gęsicka / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2012

The absence of decision making is one of the aspects of the issues of will and choices in short French court narratives of the XII and XIII centuries. The paper focuses on two executions that present this motif. Protagonists facing numerous options – or, on the contrary, being faced with dramatic turning points in the plot that restrict their choices – feel a kind of a decision deadlock. In the analysed texts, the absence of decision – short or long term – is shown in the narratives with ‘ne set que faire’ formula (“does not know, what to do”) and a reference to advice needed by the indecisive protagonist.

Absents et absences dans les Essais de Montaigne

Author(s): Denis Bjaï / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

Except for Étienne de la Boétie, the friend for ever gone but whose presence pervades the Essais so vividly, the reader can notice the nearly total – and therefore puzzling – absence of Montaigne’s mother, Antoinette de Louppes, contrasting with the recurrent mentions to his father, Pierre Eyquem. He will also encounter strange omissions, such as Montaigne’s silence on St-Bartholomew’s Day massacre, and telling lapses, for instance on the answers given to young King Charles IX by the cannibals from Brazil. Do the Essais really “tell everything” (On vanity, III, 9), as Montaigne claims they do ?

Absence du romanesque dans le roman hybride de Charles Nodier – Adèle

Author(s): Andrzej Rabsztyn / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

This paper deals with intentional breakaway of novel elements in romantic story published in 1820. On the one hand, the book belongs to the rich tradition of epistolary, on the other, it also gives un example of how formal borders can be transgressed between novel composed of letters and novel written as intimate diary, what leads to the disappearance of typical novel elements in texts from the turn of XVII and XVIII c. This absence of fiction appears firstly in paratext (especially in preface to the novel), where the author presents his own concept of novel, and then in letters.

L’absence qui devient présence : la vie et l’Idée dans Sixtine de Remy de Gourmont

Author(s): Agata Sadkowska-Fidala / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

Sixtine by Remy de Gourmont marks the refusal of nature and tangible reality and the choice of imagination to the detriment of reality. Its principal character, Hubert d'Entragues is a faithful disciple of idealism of symbolism. Since he chooses to think rather that to live, it is not surprising that the plot of the novel is almost nonexistent. The plot develops around of d’Entragues’ desire to win the beautiful Sixtine, which is in itself condemned to failure since he is doing nothing to reach her and refuses to take any effort. The woman, who could have served as the principal impulse of the plot, is practically inexistent in this story (though it is a passionate story) and is replaced by the ideal woman: the story is doubled by the second story, e.g. a novel written by the character which is a transposition of his “cerebral” relation with Sixtine and a realisation of presence of the latter. Art replaces life and life does not exist in itself. It is shaped by thought. But the chosen absence of any facts of life is fruitful: it gives birth to a novel. It is a story of a prisoner in love with the statute of the Virgin which he sees while taking a daily walk. In this novel the carnal accomplishment is not necessary in order for a true and sincere passion to develop and the satisfaction of desire may destroy the dream and the ideal.

Entre l’absence et la présence de la Morte dans Bruges-la-Morte de Georges Rodenbach

Author(s): Aleksandra Komandera / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

In his short novel Bruges-la-Morte Georges Rodenbach presents an inconsolable widower, Hugues Vianne, who ties to immortalise his dead wife by the worship of her souvenirs and installing himself in Bruges, a “dead town”. The aim of the study is to examine how the absence changes into presence. Firstly, the Dead returns in Hugues Vian’s mind, the spouse appears in multiple portraits the widower contemplates every day and especially in the cult of her hair. Then, she reveals herself also in the history and the actual state of Bruges. Finally, the dead woman returns in her “double” – Jane Scott, a theatre dancer, who becomes for Hugues Vianes, his wife risen from the dead, unfortunately only for a while. Georges Rodenbach chooses absence as the main aspect of his novel but he joins it to all kind of attempts, especially related to the fantastique, to transform it into presence.

Antonin Artaud ou l’absence à soi-même et l’expérience du vide

Author(s): Dominique Rougé / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

Concerning Antonin Artaud it has been question of some lack of work but in the article we propose to the reading we are talking about another kind of absence. Indeed, in his correspondence and in the writings of his youth, the poet was complaining to be absent to himself. He was saying that words could not convey what he felt, that he had the impression to be a spectator of himself. Over time, he will say that he was feeling some emptiness in him. Is it to fill this emptiness that he spent his time writing on notebooks and that he had replaced speaking by screaming? As a conclusion to this article, we spend some time thinking about the concepts of absence and emptiness, following some writings of Pierre Fédida.

La présence et le fonctionnement de l’absence dans le Nouveau Roman

Author(s): Czesław Grzesiak / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

The French nouveau roman is characterised by lack of numerous elements typical of the traditional, commonly called Balzacian, novel. This lack involves the rejection of plot, omniscient narrator, psychological, moral and ideological factors, social and political engagement, the decomposition of character, the indeterminacy and gradual implosion of time and space as well as the text generation based on some lack or void. The aim of the article is to present these missing elements of the represented world and to discuss their functions in the works of leading practitioners of the nouveau roman, such as Samuel Beckett (predecessor), Michel Butor, Marguerite Duras, Robert Pinget, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Nathalie Sarraute and Claude Simon.

Le manque en tant que métaphore de l’écriture : de l’indicible et du mot-absence chez Marguerite Duras

Author(s): Anna Ledwina / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

Marguerite Duras’s works deal with the problems typical of the literary studies in the second half of the twentieth century: presence and absence, abandoning chronological order of events, and eroticism. This article analyses her literary technique, including text fragmentation and elliptical style. The author searches for appropriate means of expression, often using silence and loneliness in keeping with her vision of absence attributed to women, kept silent by the dominant culture. Omissions in the narrative emphasise the inexpressible, beyond rational. Absence is meaningful, e.g. the missing photograph in The Lover. Absence also implies a desire to change and to write. Duras shows the problem in the context of a hidden image and an act of creation. The missing word alludes to a search of self. The author grasps complexity and diversity of absence. It is part of the theme, style, and text structure, emphasising the limitations of the language and the powerlessness of the protagonist.

Le paradigme de l’absence dans l’œuvre de Jean Muno

Author(s): Renata Bizek-Tatara / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

In the works of Jeane Muno the absenteeism theme has got diffrent features and forms. Escape from grey and sad reality to world of imagination is the best way to deal with mental and physical absenteeism: weary figure is looking for loneliness away from his everyday reality. He wants to dream and reflect in peace and quite. The absence has been showed as a lack, also has been presented in the perspective of ontological. Characters created by J. Muno have personality problems cause by time reality and society. Society determined who character should become. All efforts being yourself ends failure. J. Muno in his works presents french speakers Belgians, called la belgitude. Heroes of Muno have problem with find them national identity, they suffer because of double culture. They are able to accept and take advantage of this situation.

De la fiction d’une absence à l’autofiction d’une présence : l’écriture de la mort de la mère dans l’œuvre de Jorge Semprun

Author(s): Catherine Ponchon / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

“Night has enshrouded my childhood” write Jorge Semprun. Civil War and exile have erased any trace of the childhood he spent in Madrid. What was left to the writer were only flashes of memory and an old picture of his mother. Jorge Semprun was eight years of age when his mother died of septicemia. Through writing, thirty years later, he was able to evoke her death, but how was he to tell about her absence? Between fiction and reality, five of Jorge Semprun’s novels recreate his childhood. His mother will first of all be an absence or an implicit presence behind his relating the city of his childhood. Having set the scene, ghostly characters whose identities are undefined but whose discourses become more and more outlined will appear. The mother will become a nostalgic absence. Her features, her character will be sketched out. Jorge Semprun will move forward hiding behind the multiple identities of his characters and the freedom which fiction provides him. It will be up to the last character, a fictive double of the writer, to find the last traces of a mother who has turned into a haunting presence.

Représentations de l’absence et du manque : de La Dispersion au Livre brisé de Serge Doubrovsky

Author(s): Nurit Levy / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

Author and academic, Serge Doubrovsky is an important figure in contemporary French literature. His numerous publications foretell the emergence of a new literary concept, positioning him in the domain of post-modernism with the emergence of auto-fiction. From The Dispersion to The Broken Book, the auto-fiction unfolds in a jerky narrative while the genesis of the work revolves around a profound sense of lack and absence that the writer tries to fill through his writing. The experience of World War II left a life long indelible mark on the writer’s own identity and brings forth the creation of this hybrid autobiography that aims at tearing down generic and literary boundaries. Letters and words are used to confront what is missing in his life in a transgressing style that describes the violence of this experience. In this way, Doubrovsky leaves a trace of his existence, transforming his life into a novel – a work of fiction – and by giving space to imagination when telling his own story.

(In)visibles persévérances de l’absence. Les enjeux de la mise en forme dans Les Années d'Annie Ernaux

Author(s): Jolanta Rachwalska von Rejchwald / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

A dialectic between presence and absence, remembrance and oblivion, testimony and silence, body and its trace reflects the gist of the most recent Ernaux’es book. It constitutes not only plenteaus thematic confluence but also or even majorly an axis of the book’s construction. Its structure encompasses various layers such as: rhetorical, stylistic and typographic, which separately and together combined reside in prevailing tensioned coexistence of presence and absence.

Tom est mort/Mot est mort – l'impossibilité du langage dans le roman de Marie Darrieussecq

Author(s): Katarzyna Kotowska / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2011

An emptiness after one’s child death seems to be impossible to describe. In her novel Tom is dead, Marie Darrieussecq explores mother’s forbidden thoughts. She reconstructs her grieving process ten years after an accidental death of her four years old son. She starts to write a journal to finally deal with her trauma. Darrieussecq challenges the taboo or writing about things that words are almost impossible to express. The significant thing is that the boy’s name “Tom”, is the anagram of “ mot” which stands for “a word” in French. For that reason the death of Tom becomes the death of word. The analysis of the novel in the optic of psychoanalysis results in interesting conclusions, just likewise Marie Darrieussecq’s study in meta-literary context.

Stoljeće jedne alhamijado medžmue: bošnjačko književno naslijeđe u rukopisnoj kolekciji Muzeja Hercegovine Mostar

Author(s): Madžida Mašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 17/2018

This work presents an AlJamiado Mejmua man which is kept in the manuscript collection of the Museum of Herzegovina Mostar (R 31). This is a Mejmua contains poems written by domestic authors, Muhamed Rušdi from Trebinje, Murad-beg Čengić from Foča, and until now completely unknown poems by Salih Gašević from Nikšić. Although these poems have already been presented in various collections and Christomatias of the Bosnian Aljamiado literature, some of the differences have been found in the manuscript copy of the collection of the Museum of Herzegovina Mostar.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN ROMANIAN HIGHER EDUCATION – TEACHING METHODS, LEARNING OUTCOMES. Lucia-Mihaela Grosu-Rădulescu (Editor) Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018

Author(s): Anca Teodora Şerban-Oprescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Published within the book series ‘Multilingual Education’, the volume under review here - Foreign Language Teaching in Romanian Higher Education Teaching Methods, Learning Outcomes - respects the rationale of the series which includes empirical research on multilingual language acquisition, language contact and the roles of languages in contexts where the languages are not related and where the scenarios for language acquisition and use are different, so as to better understand mechanisms and issues at stake and make informed decisions in terms of language policy.

Яворов - активен деец, идеолог и историк на ВМОРО и най-близък другар и съратник на Гоце Делчев

Author(s): Milka Markovska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/1999

As early as during his school years, the great Bulgarian poet, Peio Yavorov links his life with the struggle for the liberation of Macedonia and Adrianople region, torn from the entity of Mother - Bulgaria, according to the cruel and unjust clauses of the 1878 Berlin Peace Treaty.

Има ли черногорски език?

Author(s): Branko Ivanović / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/1999

Райко Жинзифов в Русия

Author(s): Marina Smolianinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/1999

In the study, the life and literary activity of Raiko (Ksenofont) Zhinzifov (1839-1877), the Bulgarian activist of the Renaissance is followed and analyzed. Born in Veles, in the geographical region of Macedonia, he has bulgarian national selfconsciousness and with his whole literary activity, he attempts the awakening and preservation of such selfconciousness in his compatriots.

Остатъци от разложен назализъм в един краен югозападнобългарски говор в Албания

Author(s): Evdokia Christova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/1999

Subject of the investigation is a never before described dialect of the far sоuth-wеst part of the Bulgarian language realm. This is the speech of the Vrabnik village, in the albanian region of Devol on the border of R. Albania and R. Greece. The population is Bulgarian and orthodox.

Старинна българска топонимия от село Връбник, Корчанско, в Югоизточна Албания

Author(s): Raki Belo / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/1999

The village of Vrabnik is situated in South-Eastern Albania, at the border with Greece, 40 kilometers north-west of Kostour, 50 kilometers south of Ohrid. Its population is Bulgarian, Eastern-Orthodox, which has well preserved its archaic Bulgarian dialect.