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„Tomaschower Amtliche Zeitung” (1915–1917) jako źródło historyczne

Author(s): Jerzy Wojniłowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2020

“Gazeta Urzędowa Tomaszowska” (“Tomaschower Amtliche Zeitung”) was an organ of the Municipality of Tomaszów Mazowiecki. It appeared twice a week from December 1915 to June 1917. The magazine was printed in German and Polish. It contained ordinances and announcements of the occupying central and local authorities, as well as semi-official and private announcements. In total, 160 issues of the magazine were published. The article discusses the content of TAZ, emphasizing the undeniable historical value of the magazine for the history of Tomaszów Mazowiecki during the First World War.

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„Tri moćne žene“ Mari Ndijaj – jedinstvo narativnog triptiha

Author(s): Vesna R. Cakeljić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2011

Marie Ndiaye structures her piece of 'Three Strong Women' as a music composition whose three parts are connected by a recurring theme: the internal strength that the three protagonists, African-American women, demonstrate challenged with life's hardships. It is essential for understanding this triptych, around which the text is articulated. The stories are subtly intertwined, with a series of elements fitting like pieces of a puzzle at a narrative and symbolic level, uniting these short novels into a complex whole.

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„TRZECI JĘZYK” W PRZEKŁADZIE: SZCZEGÓLNY PRZYPADEK OBCOŚCI NIEOBCEJ

Author(s): Katarzyna Kotyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2021

The aim of the paper is to discuss the strategies used when translating inserts inthe “third language” (L3). I focus on the situation where the “third language” remains fully understandablefor the recipient of the source text. I will present the strategies for translating thetext with Russian incrustations into Polish against a comparative background of otherlanguage triads.

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„Trzy damy przodujące godom”. Kreacje kobiecości w "Barwinkowym wianku" Stanisława Vincenza

Author(s): Ewa Serafin / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2020

This article is an attempt at analyze and interpret the creation of female characters of Stanisław Vincenz’ novel Barwinkowy wianek. It can be concluded that Vincenz used the traditional repertoire of creating female characters, drawing on romanticism and modernism. This repertoire contains mythical, archetypal and biblical images, as well as patriarchal social patterns and phantasms, all of which were identified in the text. The social roles of grandmothers, mothers, wives, maids, nannies, servants were set in the realities specific to each described culture. The descriptions of the female body tend to be “disembodied” in the novel. The images of women in Barwinkowy wianek oscillate between spirituality (“an angel”, “a queen”, “a princess”, “woman-soul”, God Mother, a mother feeder), infantilisation (“a woman-child”) and descriptions of social oppression (corset fashion, conventions, violence). However, in most cases the women are shown in festive, ideal situations. The article looks at the meanings of the characters through the symbolism of numbers and symbolism of archetypal femininity (great Mother Goddess Sophia, light and dark faces of Shekhina).

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„Tu nic nie jest moje / i wszystko jest moje” –niewidzialni mieszkańcy miasta w poezji Ilony Witkowskiej

Author(s): Sonia Nowacka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2021

The aim of the article is to present the human and non-human relations of the city’s inhabitants in the poetry of Ilona Witkowska. The author, using the perspective of interdisciplinary HAS (Human-Animal Studies) research, analyses individual works included in the collections of poems Splendida realta (2012) and Lucifer wins (2017), showing the links between Witkowska’s politically engaged poetry and selected threads of contemporary biopolitical thought. The author tries to show places in Witkowska’s reflection on the relationship of people and animals in urban space which can be connected with the animal turn in the humanities and political philosophy.

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„Tu wszystko się zaczęło…”. Międzywojenne Wadowice utrwalone w albumowej biografii Adama Bujaka i Michała Rożka „Wojtyła” (spojrzenie lingwokulturologa)

Author(s): Katarzyna Węgorowska / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 24/2021

The article is a part of cycle of publications exploring the heritage of Karol Wojtyła – pope John Paul II. This time the author attempts at a linguistic and culturological reconstruction of the interwar Wadowice verbalized in the study of art historian Michał Rożek and photographer Adam Bujak.Old names of places, characters and various architectonic objects premitted to recreate the atmosphere of the town in which the next successor of Saint Paul was growing up.

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„Twarze dzieciństwa” we współczesnych tekstach literackich

Author(s): Justyna Wojciechowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 33/2019

The article describes “faces of childhood ” presented in contemporary literary texts. The analysis was based on selected books for children, which partly constitute the readings proposed in the core curriculum, or may be recognized as a development of reading interests. The description refers to the classification proposed by Grzegorz Leszczyński, who specified such categories as: homo ludens, homo domesticus, homo scholasticus, homo artifex, homo legens, tractatus de arte moriendi. This typology has been expanded to include categories specific to modern times: homo viator and homo computatrum.

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„UN TRANSATLANTICO DI SENTIMENTI ...”

Author(s): Ioana Bican / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2018

The present study aims to explore the articulation of feelings from Mircea Cărtărescu’s early poetry. The new type of poetics representative of Generation ’80 in Romanian poetry, as well as of the volumes signed by the young poet, created innovative expressive means in Romanian literature within the postmodern vision of a crisis of language and under the cultural pressure of preexisting models. How can one express genuine love when the words are stale? How can one encapsulate the enormity of an experience in a spoiled language? The poetic resources of Mircea Cărtărescu’s poetic experiment have impacted on the tastes and sensibility of the new generations of readers.

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„Vectes” i „vestes”. Dwie lekcje antycznego tekstu i dwie różne imitacje

Author(s): Zofia Głombiowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The article shows the Horatiann ode III on the background of the votive epigram and in reference to the custom and at the same time the topos of „winning” by violence the house of a lover (frangere postes) and the way of imitating this ode by Filip Buonaccorsi Kallimach in the XXVII elegy and by Jan Kochanowski in the elegy II 11 (in the version preserved in the so-called Osmólski’s manuscript). Callimachus had the text of the ode with the lesson of vestes in verse 7, Kochanowski with the lesson of vectes. As a consequence, in Kallimach’s elegy there is no topos of breaking the door, but the motif of the victorious militia amoris remains, while Kochanowski uses the topos of frangere postes, but departs with love, Lydia and the goddess Venus not with the satisfaction of a victorious soldier, but similarly to Propertius in anger and with a feeling of experienced harm.The article shows the Horatian ode III 26 on the background of the votive epigram and in reference to thecustom and at the same time the topos of „winning” by violence the house of a lover (frangere postes) andthe way of imitating this ode by Filip Buonaccorsi Kallimach in the XXVII elegy and by Jan Kochanowskiin the elegy II 11 (in the version preserved in the so-called Osmólski’s manuscript). Callimachus had the textof the ode with the lesson of vestes in verse 7, Kochanowski with the lesson of vectes. As a consequence,in Kallimach’s elegy there is no topos of breaking the door, but the motif of the victorious militia amorisremains, while Kochanowski uses the topos of frangere postes, but departs with love, Lydia and the goddessVenus not with the satisfaction of a victorious soldier, but similarly to Propertius in anger and with a feelingof experienced harm.

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„Vier Steine seien der Heimat Dank“ – Kriegerdenkmäler und Erinnerungskulturen in Oberösterreich vom Ersten Weltkrieg bis zur Gegenwart

Author(s): Clemens Gruber / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2020

War memorials reflect in a special way both the breaks and continuities which the political upheavals of the First World War, the Third Reich and the post-war period left in the Austrian culture of remembrance. In this article, the main focus is on a sample of war memorials in a specific region of Upper Austria. An analysis of the inscriptions shows the ambivalence and superficial neutrality characteristic of war memorials: Their messages based on the extreme poles of ‘heroes’ and ‘victims’, leave little space for socially direct and historically reflective perspectives on the violent excesses of the 20th century.

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„VIRTUELLE“ ODER „FACE TO FACE“ KOMMUNIKATION, WELCHE SPIELT DEN ENTSCHEIDUNGSFAKTOR IN DER BEZIEHUNG LEHRER/STUDENT

Author(s): Maria-Dana Grosseck / Language(s): German Issue: 13/2020

The article focuses on the role played by face-to-face communication in the general context of communication. The author makes a thorough analysis of the relationships between people. In fact, all the human characteristics, verbal and non-verbal can create a code, a model, or an interpersonal communication style. The study focuses particularly on communication in a university environment. Different types of communication are analyzed, such as virtual communication, messenger, e-mail, WhatsApp, etc. Some of these types are analyzed and compared considering their advantages and disadvantages. The results indicate that, if the aim is to reach many people, the best communication technique is the use of virtual communication, especially Facebook and Instagram. For fewer people, the best results are obtained by the use of the traditional type of communication, i.e. face-to-face, but with the use of modern technology.

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„Vzdorujúce čítanie“ literatúry 19. storočia

Author(s): Ivana Taranenková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 6/2021

The study focuses on revising approaches to literary and cultural representations produced in the nineteenth century, an epoch that is an important part of cultural memory in both domestic and European contexts. It draws attention to the ambivalent nature of the persistence of the 19th Century in the present, in which there is a tension between its mediation by representations and their determining influence on the contemporary shape of cultural memory and its institutional forms. Part of their reassessment may involve not only pointing to their constructed nature, but also making visible marginalised representations that confront and carry oppositional or alternative meanings to the established ones. The study confronts two attitudes to nineteenth-century literature and culture - the subversive and the affirmative. Using the example of reflection on Victorian culture, it shows how a revising approach, a 'resisting reading', becomes a source of its actualization in the present. It also recapitulates this type of revising approaches in the context of Slovak literary historiography.

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„W Koluszkach, w Mińsku, w Chile” – przestrzeń poetycka wierszy i piosenek Agnieszki Osieckiej toponimami pisana

Author(s): Monika Kresa / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Article is devoted to features that toponyms play in the Osiecka’s poetry. The analysis has been subjected to 240 different onyms calling cities, countries, continents, rivers, streets, squares, etc. For the purpose of analysis of the existing classifications modified function of onyms in poetry. Distinguished: locating, identification, allusive, metaphorical, compositional. Almost all of the names of places serve as locating – locate track action, but often this function is secondary and resolves such compositional function – when the proper name appears on the end of the line in order to rhyme – or metaphorical – when the name becomes a symbol. The analysis showed that the poetic space Osiecka is Polish space, largely Warsaw – because it toponyms naming the village in Poland, and streets in Warsaw dominate in her poetry.

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„Warszawa jest przecież tęczowa”. Obraz przestrzeni miasta w autodziecięcych tekstach kultury nagrodzonych w konkursie varsavianistycznym Muzeum Warszawy

Author(s): Grzegorz Leszczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The analysis of works submitted by elementary and secondary school students to the writing competition organised by the Museum of Warsaw shows that child authors reproduce schematic depictions of the city space, present in guidebooks and on the internet, while avoiding everything that is oriented towards its young and youngest inhabitants and tourists. This results, on the one hand, from the fact that Warsaw inhabitants themselves have no knowledge of places attractive to children and, on the other, from the desire of child authors to adjust their works to the hypothetical expectations of the adult jury. This second reason also results in an overload of facts as well as historical and topographical details. Child authors are not inspired by contemporary literature directed at them, by writers who want to grow up not to be their readers’ teachers, but to be children.

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„Ważność przeżywanej chwili”. Reportaże harcerskie Zofii Kossak Szukajcie przyjaciół. Laska Jakubowa, wydane na nowo i czytane w trzeciej dekadzie XXI wieku

Author(s): Krystyna Zabawa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2021

The aim of the article is to present Zofia Kossak’s scout reportages that were written in the 1930s and newly published after 63 years in 2020 and to analyse them in terms of shaping and thematising time. The purpose of the analysis is also to place the described events in the context of four elements. At the end of the text, the author outlines new prospects for research and the possibilities of using the analysed book in education which could be recommended because of its artistic values and timeliness of its message.

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„Wiara przed religijnością” O wierszu Romantyczność Jerzego Lieberta

Author(s): Ewa Bartos / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Romantyczność [The Romantic] by Jerzy Liebert records a way of an encounter with the supernatural. It is a lyrical vision presenting the ambiguity of religious experience. The article “Faith before religion”. On the poem Romantyczność by Jerzy Liebert is an attempt to depict the lyric with particular attention paid to the way of unveiling of transcendence.

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„Wielka teoria piśmienności” – podstawowe założenia, krytyka i problemy metodologiczne

Author(s): Aleksandra Deskur / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2018

The article aims to describe the main assumptions of the so-called “Great Theory of Literacy” formulated by authors such as Walter Jackson Ong, Jack Goody, Erick Havelock and other researchers, representing various fields of science (philology, history, anthropology, communication, etc.). The basic assumption of the theory is the existence of profound differences between orality and literacy, which affect the general shape of communication, culture and society. The theory I analyze focuses primarily on confrontation, on contrasting the characteristics of oral and written language, as well as the accompanying mental and communicational contexts. At the same time, it should be noted that the Great Theory of Literacy has provoked many polemic voices that criticize the findings of Ong, Havelock and Goody. In this text I present the most important critical voices and arguments and try to determine to what extent the methodological characteristics of both the Great Theory of Literacy and theories formulated in counteraction to it could contribute to the dispute and to what extent this is a constructive discussion. My main hypothesis concerns the relatively small part of linguistic reflection in the reflection of both theoreticians of the Great Theory of Literacy and their opponents, which can significantly contribute to difficulties with the use of theoretical constructs on the basis of language and communication practice.

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„Wielu, co go widzi, nie wie, czy to chłop czy niewiasta”, czyli o (nie)męskości w staroislandzkiej Sadze o Egilu i Sadze o Njalu

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„Wielu, co go widzi, nie wie, czy to chłop czy niewiasta”, czyli o (nie)męskości w staroislandzkiej Sadze o Egilu i Sadze o Njalu

Author(s): Radosław Jakubczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

In this article, I discuss how masculinity is constructed in Old Icelandic Egils saga andNjáls saga through various kinds of unmanliness (impotence, lack of facial hair, baldness,effeminacy, cowardice, old age). Both sagas demonstrate the restrictiveness of gender rolesin medieval Iceland and how men become their captives. The ideal of masculinity is soexaggerated that it becomes oppressive, because everything may be used against men. It leadsto failed marriages and feuds. However, Egils saga’s and Njáls saga’s treatment of genderis critical.

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„Wiersze bez tekstu”. Poetyckie interfejsy w technologii rzeczywistości rozszerzonej (AR)

Author(s): Marek Pieniążek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

A collection of articles on the practices of creation and analysis of texts on the borderland of literature and biographical writing. The authors undertook interdisciplinary research on personal documents, confronting the interpretative approaches in social sciences, philosophy and literary studies. In addition to the theoretical considerations on the textological studies of sociocultural phenomena, the volume contains analyses of the relationships between the life and works in the writings of Jerzy Pilch, Henryk Elzenberg, Stanisława Przybyszewska, Gerhart Hauptmann and Andrzej Bystroń.

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„Winning is strictly prohibited”. O strategiach twórczych Banksy’ego i Jana Klaty

Author(s): Michalina Lubaszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (16)/2020

The paper analyzes the activities of two socially committed artists: Banksy and Jan Klata, who both use the funfair motif. Banksy employs it in a literal though subversive way in his project Dismaland, which is a quizzical reversal of Disneyland. Klata employs it in his performances (which often take the form of the director’s comments on the reality that surrounds us), showing a set of “amusements” resembling those from a funfair and leading the viewer to a perceptive dissonance (similarly to the collection of Eisenstein’s amusements). It seems that the space created by the committed art that uses the concept of a funfair allows for the implementation of a real rebellion against the status quo. Actual amusement parks, however, create only an illusion of the possibility to break with the norms of the social system.

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