Łączyła i dzieliła. Karmiła i zabijała
The smugglers corrupted both sides. From Polish customs officers they knew where the German Schupo was.
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The smugglers corrupted both sides. From Polish customs officers they knew where the German Schupo was.
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Last quarter of the 13th Century was a period when medieval Bosnian state reached its peak in territorial expansion and military strength. These accomplishments were followed by the elevation of the influence and reputation, so the Bosnian ruler, ban Tvrtko I, sought new ways to enhance his power and status. Tvrtko accomplished that in October 1377 when he was crowned as the king of the Serbs, Bosnia and Primorje. With that ceremony medieval Bosnian state entered in the exclusive circle of medieval kingdoms. However, the source material about this event unfortunately is very scarce. One of the most important written material that contain king Tvrtkos’ own view on his ruling ideology, is the charter from April/June 1378 issued to the Republic of Ragusa. Also, regarding the inner composition of the charter it represents the crossroad in praxis of the Bosnian courtly chancery, when eastern Serbian/Byzantine influence took primacy. In that regard this charter is of big significance for the Slavic studies as well.
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Dankow appears in the pages of history at the beginning of the 13th century. The town wasonce situated on the trail leading from Sieradz to Kraków, on the border of Little Poland, Silesiaand Great Poland, at the crossing of the Liswarta River. Danków was probably owned by theRogowski family in the 14th century, and by the Kobylański family in the 16th century. In the17th century, the new owners, the Warszycki family, had their residence here and raised bastionfortifications that remain to this day.Archaeological research on a survey carried out in 2014 aimed at a preliminary determi-nation of layers in the fortified bastion. Activities concentrated on the only apparent element ofsecular building in the castle, that is the ruins of the so-called Castellans House. The results ofthe partial investigation suggest that it may be associated with residential buildings that existedprior to the construction of the fortification. A skeleton burial, discovered in the wall surroundingthe church, may confirm hypotheses about land use predating the castle’s fortress. Combiningthe discovery of this tomb with information from written sources, this article suggests that thearea occupied in the 17th century by the current church already functioned as a cemetery thatmight be associated with an older, perhaps medieval, temple. The preliminary research gathereda collection of movable relicts, the oldest of which dates from the 15th century. The area coveredby the study does not ascertain any presence of cultural layers associated with the operation ofthe castle. Presumably these were destroyed during levelling and agri-technical works.
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This article is part of a broader research project entitled Conscience as a philosophicalproblem. Although the conscience itself is often seen as falling within the category of religion,its philosophical dimension has always been present in the moral culture of the West. A sub-di-scipline of philosophical anthropology has since developed – the philosophy of conscience. Thisarea of study opens up consideration of the ethical challenges of the new century in a promisingmanner.The proposed analysis is designed as an introduction to philosophical knowledge of theconscience, and covers three areas of research: 1) conscience in the moral culture of the West;2) conscience in philosophical anthropology; and 3) conscience in moral philosophy.
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The article deals with the specifics of the contemporary Eastern-European art film, outlining the achievements of the Eastern-European art film under totalitarianism that have set the scene for its development. The Soviet bloc film industries have made significant art films in the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, expressing indirect aesthetic opposition to the political dictatorship. Presently, the works by Miklós Jancsó, Andrei Tarkovsky, Sergei Parajanov among other Eastern-European directors/writers are critically acclaimed as groundbreaking art films. Developing in the context of turbulent social transformations and media globalisation, the post-totalitarian art film, which comes from that tradition, has oriented towards a more communicative style without, though, giving up its specific metaphors. Considering works by Cristian Mungiu, Bogdan Mirică, Dejan Zečević, Kostadin Bonev, etc., the article seeks to reveal how this quest entwines with the topical trend towards the pursuit of universal messages and abandoning direct relevance to the modern day in the latest Eastern-European art films. A special emphasis is put on the ever so noticeable incorporation of techniques of the westerns and horror movies and/or other genres popular with the general audiences into the post-totalitarian art film.
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Współcześnie zwracamy się ku edukacji małego dziecka mającej na celu rozbudzenie wśród najmłodszych poczucia przynależności do Małej Ojczyzny. Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie analizy wyników przeprowadzonych badań dotyczących znajomości dziedzictwa kulturowego regionu wśród dzieci 3, 4 i 5-letnich. Problem badań został zawarty w następującym pytaniu: Jaka jest wiedza dzieci 3, 4 i 5-letnich na temat dziedzictwa kulturowego regionu? Metodę moich badań stanowił sondaż diagnostyczny. Jako technikę badań zastosowano test obrazkowy. Badania przeprowadzono w jednym z przedszkoli na terenie Podhala. Analiza zgromadzonego materiału badawczego potwierdza konieczność realizowania w placówkach wychowania przedszkolnego zagadnień mających na celu rozbudzanie poczucia tożsamości regionalnej.
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Zdravko Tolimir is one of the fve high-raniking offers of the Army of Republic of Srpska who were today convicted before the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) for the crime of genocide against Muslims (Bosniaks) in Srebrenica in 1995.
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This article is dedicated to the parish registers from the Roman Catholic parish in Skrzatusz. All the surviving booklets are located in the archives of the Diocese of Koszalin-Kolobrzeg (Kołobrzeg), their manner of conducting, the language of the record, the information contained in the persons who give and receive the sacraments, and the physical condition of the saved documents. This is where the analysis of the surviving books is taken into account, not only in their search for genealogy, but also in the fact that they can be traced back to the changes that have occurred over the three centuries in the functioning of the parish and its people.
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The author discusses the biography of Ludwik Wejher (c. 1611–1656), the Pomeranian governor, the starost of Walcz (Wałcz), whose barely known portrait is located in the church in Skrzatusz.
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U radu se opisuju urbane i demografske karakteristike i da je opći izgled malog naselja Tutnjevac kod Srebrenika 1935. godine. Također se daje detaljni pregled domaćinstava i njihovih članova u Tutnjevcu navedene godine. Rad je uglavnom napisan na osnovu do sada nekorištene matične knjige, zvane Domovnica.
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U radu su prezentirani podaci o razvoju izdavačke djelatnosti i medija u Tuzli u periodu 1945.-1953. godine. Izdavačka djelatnost u Tuzli nije bila nepoznanica. Ona svoje korijenje vuče skraja XIX. stoljeća, kada je u Tuzlu donešen prvi list, a to je bio sarajevski list „Bosna“. Međutim, prava izdavačka djelatnost u Tuzli otpočela je još u toku Drugog svjetskog rata. Zapaženo mjesto kada je u pitanju Tuzla imao je list „Front slobode“, kao i list „Oslobođenje“. Kada su u pitanju mediji, društvene, političke i radne organizacije tuzlanskog područja veoma su rano shvatile ulogu radija u izgradnji društva, razvijanju kulture, privredne propangande i opštih informacija.
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U radu su date osnovne naznake o stećcima kao jedinstvenom tipu nadgrobnog spomenika u srednjovjekovnoj Bosni. Istaknuti su osnovni zapisi o stećcima na razmatranom području. Navedeni su lokaliteti na kojima su nekada postojale nekropole sa stećcima. Očuvane nekropole stećaka prikazane su kroz kratak opis i sa slikama svake nekropole ili dijela stećaka sa svih do sada poznatih ili sasvim nepoznatih lokaliteta. Zaštitom i konzervacijskim radovima pokušalo se ukazati na potrebu zaštite i spašavanja stećaka kao značajnog dijela kulturno-historijskog naslijeđaovih prostora.
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Rad tretira mezarja i nišane na području Zvornika i njegove okoline u vrijeme vladavine Osmanlija. Pored uvodnog dijela koji govori o kulturi nadgrobnog graditeljstva kod Bošnjaka, u radu su obuhvaćana mezarja: u Zvorniku, Malom Zvorniku (Srbija), na Kula Gradu, Diviču, Kozluku, Skočiću, Mahmutovićima i Kamenici. Uz nešto detaljnije iluminiranje osnovnih mezarja, te manjih mezarja u haremima džamija Zvornika i njegove okoline, rad je zahvatio i nekoliko pojedinačnih nišana monumentalne forme i vrijednosti. Iako je Zvornik imao više stoljetnu orijentalno-islamsku fizionomiju i duhovnost, malo šta je od tih kulturno-historijskih znamenja sačuvano do danas. Radom je dato više odgovora na pitanja naše kulturne prošlosti, na osnovu dostupnih izvora i relevantne literature, ali su otvorena i neka nova pitanja.
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Article relates to functions of castles and manors that belonged to minor officials Teutonic in south Pomerelia (komturship Człuchów and Tuchola). These areas had provincial character in the State of the Teutonic Knights. Castles and manors of komturship seem to be typical in terms of its functions to other such facilities in the former monastic state in Prussia. The most interesting thing in terms of residential tasks seem mansions in Kosobudy, Debrzno and Chojnice. The first of them could be the temporary residence of high dignitaries. Debrzno and Chojnice may not have a permanent crew. Noteworthy is the fact that most of these objects probably did not present a strongly defensive forms. Probably all or almost all (question as in the case of urban man-sions) seat monastic functions in relation to the breeding and cultivation.
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The Přemyslid dynasty’s authority to rule drew on a pagan tradition of ‘a holy marriage’ (between Přemysl the Ploughman and the prophetess Libuše) and any military dimension was secondary. The Wenceslas legends point to a transformation of this tradition during the Czech state’s identification with Christianity (mercy and justice).
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Od prve polovine 16. stoljeća Gračanica ima čaršiju, džamiju u njenom središtu i tri mahale. U narednom periodu razvija se u značajnije administrativno, zanatsko-trgovačko i duhovno središte u ovom dijelu Bosne. (sjedište nahije, kadiluka, ima medresu, biblioteku, desetine zanatskih i trgovačkih radnji itd). Krajem 16. i početkom 17. stoljeća, ima već desetak mahala i 8 muslimanskih bogomolja u središtu značajnijih mahala. Na prelazu 18/19. stoljeće,u urbanom pogledu, dijeli se na Gornju i Donju čaršiju, ima petnaestak mahala i 11–12 džamija.
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The author explores a unique version of the phenomenon of leadership - political apostleship. The work proves that it emerged as a factor in the so-called. "Civilizational faults."
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The object of the study is the generic names which are registered in the former county of Radomir. The total number of generic names in Radomir is 1682 (with them are called 2226 families).
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