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Power – Three Non-classical Analytics (Arendt, Foucault, Bourdieu)

Властта – три некласически аналитики (Арент, Фуко, Бурдийо)

Author(s): Antoaneta Koleva,Svetla Marinova,Svetlana Sabeva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3+4/1999

The article is an attempt at a ‘meta’-problematization by power in a comparative interpretation of Arendt, Foucault and Bourdieu, with the hypothesis of typological outlining of non-classical power analytics. This term is used to show the distance from classical theorizing on power in some cases, and in other cases – from theorizing itself. The three authors, in our view, stand in relation of mutual ‘appresentation’: their problematizations mark a common field of questioning. Our strategy is to question this very field of questioning, with the purpose of a possible reconstruction of each of the three problematizations as an effect of placing them within the field. As a whole, the text follows the trajectory of putting the three problematizations together ‘horizontally’ within the field, insofar as they challenge principles identified as ‘classical’ (in the respective contexts).

Figures of the people in Foucault: the people as an object of power

Фигури на народа при Фуко: народът като властови обект

Author(s): Momchil Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 38/2012

Keywords: The people; object; power relations; target; social reality; resistances.

The concept of “the people” is accompanied by a constant polemics vis-à-vis the genesis, the structure and the real dimensions of its supposed referent. The standard deconstruction-oriented critique of “the people” focuses mostly on the constructed character of this fi gure, and at the same time omits its status of “reality”. A symptomatic reading of some texts by Michel Foucault, which has as a starting point his analytical uses of “the people” (and the related “plebs”, “popular classes”, “population”), demonstrates a different way of seeing, which focuses on the multiplicity, the heterogeneity and the constant mobility of the reality called “the people”, as well as on the inevitable interrelation and confrontation of power relations and resistances which both generate “the people” and keep it in a permanent movement and displacement towards itself. The implicit ambition of such a reading is to show that this type of analyses could inform us better about the concrete functioning of “the people” than a critique that sees in it nothing more than a fi ction of a defi nite political imaginary.

Foucault, Politics, and Failure: A Critical Review of Studies of Governmentality

Фуко, политика и провал: критичен анализ на изследванията на управляемостта

Author(s): Thomas Lemke / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2010

From Discipline to Flexibilization? Rereading Foucault in the Shadow of Globalization

OD DISCIPLINE DO FLEKSIBILIZACIJE? PONOVNO IŠČITAVANJE FOUCAULTA U SJENI GLOBALIZACIJE

Author(s): Nancy Fraser / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 07/2014

Prevedno iz: Fraser, N. “From Discipline to Flexibilization? Rereading Foucault in the Shadow of Globalization”. U: Constellations Vol. 10, Issue 2(2003), str. 160 – 171.

Use of Space in the Exercise of Thinking - Michel Foucault

Употреби на пространството в упражняването на мисленето - Мишел Фуко

Author(s): Antoaneta Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 09/2000

The text undertakes to problematise the 'spatialisation' of the Foucauldian discourse, i.e. (a) the strategic motives to the preference for the category of 'space'; (b) the procedures and principles of thinking of and through 'space'; and (c) the conceptual consequences thereof. Following this optic, a multilevel and liberalised reconstruction is proposed of the Foucauldian 'uses' of cultural spaces. This is the text's basic task: to suggest an optic for a new possible arrangement and for the discovery of more coherency in Foucault's 'system of discursivity'. On this plane, spatialisation is construed generalisationally and as a factor for the elaboration of an 'ethnology of culture', i.e. as an ethos. The second task of the text is, by considering related research procedures and thematic nodes, to genealogically contextualise the current postmodern debates on 'spatialisation' of both the contemporary theoretisations and the actual cultural experience; i.e. to show Foucault as one of the founders of the attitude toward spatial discursivity, and to show this discursivity as a trait of postmodern thinking.

In Absence of the Father: Authorial Position of Michel Foucault in “The Order of Discourse”

U odsutnosti oca: autorska pozicija Michela Foucaulta u »Poretku diskursa«

Author(s): Tomica Vrbanc / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 01/121/2011

Keywords: Michel Foucault; “the death of the author”; concepts of authorship; autobiographic elements; rhetorical conventions; paternalistic position; speech vs. writing; death and writing

The intention of this text is an attempt to deny Foucault’s thesis on death of the author, an attempt using method of commenting one of his texts (“The Order of Discourse”), rather than analyzing all relevant texts and giving arguments against this thesis. By using this method of commenting, I am trying (in Foucault’s own words from the foreword to The Birth of the Clinic) to “question discourse” by examining if and how this discourse alone denies thesis on death of the author. Other way of “questioning discourse” is the way in which Foucault’s personal biography influences his work; this direction opens by uncovering the “nameless voice” from the beginning of this text. It is Foucault himself who admits influence of biographical facts on his work, and he recognizes that his whole work is founded on the elements of his own experience. Final course of analysis goes in direction of revealing the paternalistic web of relationships in this Foucault’s text.

Towards Potentiality. Truth as a Political Category in Foucault and Deleuze Thought

Ku potencjalności. Prawda jako kategoria polityczna w myśli Foucaulta i Deleuze’a

Author(s): Bartłomiej Błesznowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 11 (1)/2011

The subject matter of this article deals with redefinition of the truth in philosophical and political project by Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze. The truth witch is understood by Nietzsche is hereby expressed as a result of the struggle of powers whose confrontation constitutes western metaphysics. In order to present anti-substantial nature of truth and thinking, philosophy of French scholars is confronted with assumptions of „essential thinking” (wesentliche Denken) of Martin Heidegger. Heidegger perceives any positiveness of truth and beings in the perspective of conformity with the Being itself witch allows noticing of its potential and open nature. In the light of the concept Sein und Zeit author, Deleuzian ontology of difference and Foucaultian ontology of becoming whose task is priming within the framework of critic of current context of thinking and knowledge

Political Philosophy of Michel Foucault: Biopolitics as a Discourse of Modernity

Politička filozofija Michela Foucaulta: Biopolitika kao diskurs moderne

Author(s): Tijana Okić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 03/2010

Keywords: biopower; biopolitics; discipline; discourse; dispositif; social ontology; (neo)liberalism; power; political ontology; reproduction; population; life

The paper adresses Foucaults definition of the term biopolitics, which is the key to understanding Foucaults political philosophy, but is, at the same time, a category it is also the category which opens a new perspective in understanding many of the questions raised in political philosophy today. Further on, the paper explores relations between the concept of biopolitics with the terms of dispositive/discourse, power, biopower and liberalism. Key point of this paper is that the very concept of biopolitics instituted the possibility of abstract and apodictic power as forms of state governance. Mutual influences of these terms reproduce at least three relevant determinations: a) correlation of the concept of discourse with the terms of power, biopower, biopolitics, b) correlation of the term biopolitics to the tie power/knowledge and their relevance for the concept of life, c) correlation of tie power/knowledge- biopower, biopolitics to the concept of governmentality, i.e. the state and sovereignty.

Public Space and Free Action: Foucault vs. Lefebvre

Javni prostor i slobodno delanje: Fuko vs. Lefevr

Author(s): Srđan Prodanović,Predrag Krstić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2012

Keywords: public space; free agent; everyday practice; Foucault; heterotopy; philosophical askesis; Lefebvre; dialectic; (neo)capitalism

n this paper we will try to offer a systematic insight into the relation of everyday practices and public space. By examining the work of two of the most influential authors in this field, Foucault and Lefebvre, we will try to provide a theoretical explanation of intuition that (public) space represents one of the key constitutive elements of free action. In the first part of the paper, we will consider Foucault’s notion of heterotopia in the interest of pointing towards a “spatially intermediated” self-reflection which, to a great degree, resembles the philosophical askesis form his so called letter work. Afterwards, we will consider in which sense Lefebvre’s position that public space represents a Hegelian concrete abstraction – which entails dialectical analysis and tracking of complex historical contradictions – complements and deepens perspective that Foucault puts before us in his heterotopias. In that vein, it will be shown that both authors, despite the difference in their theoretical starting points, defend the idea of such a public space in which all signifiers are removed in the interest of „opening space” for the free agent.

Three Concepts of Foucault’s Philosophy: Discourse, Power and Sexuality

Tri koncepta Foucaultove filozofije: Diskurs, moć i seksualnost

Author(s): Zlatan Delić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 01+02/2013

Keywords: feminist theory; subject; discourse; sexuality; power; interpellation; poststructuralism; ideology; performativity

This paper questions the role of Foucault’s philosophy in contemporary feminist theory and gender studies. The goal is to portray how concepts of discourse, power and sexuality, as defined by Michel Foucault, can be used for better understanding the process of construction of female or male subjectivity. This text intends to deconstruct the role of aforementioned concepts in a postmodern understanding of gendered subject of desire and to point out the importance and contribution of Foucault’s philosophy for development of feminist theory and politics.

WORK AS A TOOL OF PUNISHMENT AND CORRECTION IN THE THOUGHT OF MICHEL FOUCAULT

PRACA JAKO NARZĘDZIE KARY I POPRAWY W MYŚLI MICHELA FOUCAULTA

Author(s): Anna Markwart / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 23/2013

The article focuses on the problem of work in context of the thought of Michel Foucault. Initially an issue of the ambiguous character of work is addressed, mostly in context of Veblen’s and Dahrendorf’s theories. Work, from this perspective, may be, on the one hand, valuated highly, treated as a privilege and act as a tool of correction and selfdevelopment. On the other hand, lack of work can be either stigmatising (leading even to social exclusion) or being a sign of a high social status. In the latter case work is regarded as a toil and burden. Michel Foucault discussed work in context of the facilities of internment, both those that were to serve the disadvantaged people (poor, sick, mentally ill) and those that are the places of incarceration. In the great breakthrough of the 17th and 18th century many institutions and laws were, according to Foucault, designed with regard to utility. Therefore work became the tool for correction and normalisation as well as for punishment, a way to shorten the sentence, interned people were supposed to help the society, to repay for either their crimes or for the society’s help. Homo penalis was considered in terms of homo oeconomicus. The article discusses the issue of work in Foucault’s thought placing it in context of the incarceration, internment, utility and relations of power and knowledge.

CONTEMPORARY TRANSFORMATIONS OF INTIMACY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF MICHEL FOUCAULT’S HISTORY OF SEXUALITY

WSPÓŁCZESNE PRZEMIANY INTYMNOŚCI W ŚWIETLE HISTORII SEKSUALNOŚCI MICHELA FOUCAULTA

Author(s): Maciej Musiał / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 24/2014

This article discusses relations between Foucault’s history of sexuality and the contemporary transformations of eroticism diagnosed by Wojciech Klimczyk. The Klimczyk’s studies are interpreted in the perspective of theoretical tools provided by Foucault and seem to lead to an interesting conclusions. Peculiarity of those conclusions is especially connected with the fact that they are opposite to the diagnosis provided by Brian McNair and Anthony Giddens. Simply speaking, Giddens and McNair claim that contemporary intimacy is emancipated from most of regulations and contains a high amount of freedom, while Klimczyk (with theoretical support of Foucault) argues that nowadays sexuality is strongly regulated by the outside conditions, especially by the market.

Canalizing And Coding: The Notion of “Milieu” In Foucault’s Lectures on Governmentality

Канализиране и кодиране: понятието „среда“ в лекциите на Фуко върху управляемостта

Author(s): Thomas Lemke / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3-4/2016

Keywords: milieu; Foucault; governmentality; biopolitics; liberalism

This article seeks to analyze the significance and the dimensions of the notion of “milieu” in Foucault’s lectures on governmentality at the Collège de France. After reconstructing Foucault’s brief genealogy of the term, I will put forward two arguments. First, I will show that the “milieu” constitutes a strategic element in the emergence of a liberal governmentality in the 18th century. Secondly, I will argue that mobilizing the “milieu” not only enables the government of humans but also makes possible a “government of things” (Foucault) that addresses complexes or assemblages of humans and non-humans.

Foucault, the History of Truth and the Genealogy of the Modern Subject

Фуко, историята на истината и геналогията на модерния субект

Author(s): Daniele Lorenzini / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3-4/2016

Keywords: history of truth; genealogy of the subject; subjection/subjectivation; governmentality; critique

This article explores the articulation between two of the main projects that characterise Michel Foucault’s work in the 1970s and the 1980s: the project of a history of truth and the project of a genealogy of the modern subject. After addressing the meaning and ethico-political value of Foucault’s history of truth, focusing above all on the shape it takes in 1980 (namely, a genealogy of a series of “regimes of truth” in Western societies), it offers an analysis of the related project of a genealogy of the modern (Western) subject, and more precisely of Foucault’s account of the processes of subjection (assujettissement) and subjectivation (subjectivation) within the Christian and the modern Western regimes of truth. It eventually argues that the essential political and moral issue that Foucault raises is not whether the subject is autonomous or not, but rather whether he or she is willing to become a subject of critique by opposing the governmental mechanisms of power which try to govern him or her within our contemporary regime of truth and striving to invent new ways of living and being.

Self-Documentation as Counter-Discipline in the Ethical Works of Michel Foucault

Документирането на себе си като контрадисциплина в етическите работи на Мишел Фуко

Author(s): Strand Sheldahl-Thomason / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3-4/2016

Keywords: care; discipline; document; knowledge; self-aesthetics

This paper examines the role of self-documentation in the care of the self. As is well known, Michel Foucault exposes how disciplinary power functions in hospitals, schools, prisons, and other institutions to train the living for productive use. An important tool of disciplinary power is documentation, or the recording and cataloguing of the living that constitutes them as objects of knowledge. I show how documentation creates and extends knowledge to individuals. At the same time, documents become physical appendages of the lives they record, which, while separable from those lives, nevertheless affect those lives. Despite these apparently negative functions, Foucault finds that documentation can also be the means by which the living take over their own disciplining. In writings about both fiction and ancient ethics, Foucault points to self-documentation as a way of objectifying the self before the self, so that the self may train itself according to self-imposed standards. Although disciplinary power may be inescapable, self-documentation offers a technique of counter-discipline that functions alongside and against institutional discipline.

Danger of Normal People: The Politicization of Madness in Foucault’s and Lütz’s Discourse

Opasnost od normalnih: politizacija ludila u Foucaultovu i Lützovu diskursu

Author(s): Goran Sunajko / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 03/143/2016

Keywords: norm; discipline; jail, clinic; control; panopticon; normal; abnormal; normal madness; crazily normal person;

The paper presents a philosophical discourse on the dangers of the society of normal persons. It is about the importance of relation between madness and normality within the society and the political community from the former Michel Foucault’s optics and today’s Manfred Lütz’s perspective. The purpose of this paper is to show how the concept of the norm, and accordingly of the normalisation and discipline, leads to the imperative of the healthy society based on norms. Such society excludes all those who in any way deviate from the behavior predicted by the norm. Such request is the danger of modern society that does not differentiate abnormality from insanity, but use them to discredit its members which refuse to be subordinate. To be abnormal means only to be critical toward the norm that is set by majority, whether is it a legal, political, social, religious, educational or medical norm. On the foundations of Foucault’s philosophical and Lütz’s psychological insights, the thesis shows that the danger to society are not those who deviate from the norm, but the “normal people” who, as bearers of “normal” society, uncritically accept and implement the normative order.

Toward an Anarchist Film Theory - Natan Jun: Book Review

Foucault ve Deleuze Ekseninde Anarşist Bir Film Teorisi – Natan Jun: Kitap İncelemesi

Author(s): Suna Can Özbulduk / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 4/2017

Keywords: Nathan Jun; anarchist film theory; foucault; deleuze;

Nathan Jun, Texas Wichita Falls'daki Midwestern State Üniversitesi'nde felsefe yardımcı doçentliği ve felsefe bölümünün koordinatörlüğünü yapmaktadır. 19. ve 20. Yüzyıl Avrupa felsefesi, sosyal ve politik felsefe ile siyasal düşünce tarihi alanlarında uzmanlaşmıştır. Ana araştırma konuları anarşist politik teori ve anarşizmin entellektüel geçmişidir. Anarşizm ve Siyasi Modernite'nin yazarıdır. Anarşizm, Deleuze ve Etik üzerine çalışmaları bulunmaktadır. Ele aldığımız bu çalışması "Towards an Anarchist Film Theory" ismiyle 2014 yılında Chicago'da Amerikan Felsefe Derneği'nde düzenlenen konferansta yer almış ve makale haline getirilmiştir. Kitaplaştırılmış baskısının üçüncü bölümü metnin özgün adını taşımaktadır.

Foucault, Marx, and the Political Technologies of the Accumulation of Capital

Фуко, Маркс и политическите технологии на натрупване на капитала

Author(s): Momchil Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2021

Keywords: Foucault; Marx;capitalism; violence; discipline; reproduction; (primitive) accumulationof capital

Despite the efforts to revise Foucault’s early courses at the Collège de France towards an anti-Marxist interpretation, these lectures constitute an indelible sign of the French philosopher’s fruitful intervention in the field of Marxist analysis of exploitation. I focus on the lectures from 1972-3, 1973-4. As I attempt to show, Foucault’s analytics of power developed in these lectures helps us understand the embeddedness of political technologies in the process of capital accumulation. My reading concentrates particularly on the role of violence (and different mechanisms and institutions of violence and coercion), not only as a “prelude to the history of capital” (Marx), but as its constant fellow-traveler. As Foucault shows, “apparatuses and techniques of imprisonment” are means to “accumulate people” for the ends of capitalist production and in this sense are not only indispensable for the reproduction of capital but function also as “levers” of its accumulation.

Michel Foucault’s Short History of Salvation: Notes on the Margins of Confessions of the Flesh

Michela Foucaulta krótka historia zbawienia. Na marginesie Wyznań ciała

Author(s): Szymon Wróbel / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2020

Keywords: archeology; corporeality; virginity; genealogy; sinfulness; marriage; salvation;

The presented article is an attempt to rethink the work of Michel Foucault. The pretext for this new reading is the publication of the fourth volume of The History of Sexuality on the status of corporeality and desire in early Christianity. The author of the paper argues that thanks to Confessions of the Body, we can see a ‘different’ Foucault, one who not only wrote books on modernity or lectured at Collège de France, but who is an archivist, or a documentalist, in the narrow sense of the term. In this context, the author of the article also tries to draw some methodological conclusions about genealogy as work which aims not so much at recreating the history of ideas, but at considering certain problem areas from an anti-phenomenological perspective. Finally, the author seeks to answer the question about the ontological status of the body in Foucault’s work.

Jacques Derrida as a philosopher of history – difference with Michel Foucault

Jacques Derrida jako filozof historii – poróżnienie z Michelem Foucaultem

Author(s): Jakub Dadlez / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 60/2022

Keywords: Jacques Derrida; Michel Foucault; philosophy of history; historicity; poststructuralism

The article presents Jacques Derrida as a philosopher of history. The concepts he developed during his long intellectual career turn out to be linked to a specific vision of history. This vision manifests itself from Derrida’s very first texts and is not one of the minor themes of his thought but its fundamental element. The article focuses on a particular essay by Derrida that led to his argument with Michel Foucault. The comparison of these two philosophers – both poststructuralist – serves to highlight the key role of the problem of historicity in Jacques Derrida’s work. The article thus encourages a revision of Derrida’s status in Polish philosophy, and more broadly in humanities.