Search results for: foucault in All Content

The death of nature and the birth of life in works of Michel Foucault

Smrt prirode i rađanje života u djelima Michela Foucaulta

Author(s): Slaven Crnić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: degeneration; diagram; Foucault; life; stratum; taxonomy

A series of transformations struck at the level of the visible and sayable during the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century, thus causing a complete reorganization of objects of knowledge, its concepts and conditions of possibility. This claim that Michel Foucault puts forth with his book The Order of Things serves this article as an entry point to a reconstruction of Foucault's theoretical narrative on the concepts of nature in the classical age and life in the modern era. In the context of this narrative on the death of nature and the birth of life, this article analyzes Foucault's writing on different power apparatuses and relations the European culture organized between the order of things and illness, madness, crime and sexuality.

Hubert L. Dreyfus, Paul Rabinow: Michel Foucault. Za hranicemi strukturalismu a hermeneutiky

Hubert L. Dreyfus, Paul Rabinow: Michel Foucault. Za hranicemi strukturalismu a hermeneutiky

Author(s): Tomáš Profant / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 02/2011

Keywords: BOOK REVIEW: Hubert L. Dreyfus; Paul Rabinow: Michel Foucault. Za hranicemi strukturalismu a hermeneutiky. Praha; Herrmann & synové 2010; 388 s.

The Ideas of E. Durkheim and M. Foucault in a Synthetic Penal Theory of D. Garland

E. Durkheimo ir M. Foucault idėjos sintetinėje D. Garlando bausmės teorijoje

Author(s): Aušra Gavėnaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 02/2008

The article presents American penologist’s David Garland’s social theory of punishment. The main aim is to show the background of his ideas and the theoretical foundations of his studies. Article shows what ideas of E. Durkheim and M. Foucault have been introduced into penal theory of American penologist. Article describes and highlights these aspects: E. Durkheim regards punishment as an outcome of collective consciousness and gives tools for its sociological analysis; theoretical approach of M. Foucault shows punishment as the tool of power in disciplinary society of the XXth century. These ideas on punishment were neatly synthesized and introduced into D. Garland’s approach to punishment. Article also analyses the concept of “culture of control” that is suggested by D. Garland to name the culture of crime prevention field in the second half of the XXth century. This analysis makes a conclusion that punishment is not the tool of crime control in a narrow penal sense but has wider social and cultural background.

The Festival of Philosophy, Edition 3. Deleuze, Derrida, Foucault (6–11 IX 2010)

Festiwal Filozofii, edycja 3. Deleuze, Derrida, Foucault (6–11 IX 2010)

Author(s): Andrzej Kucner / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 10/2010

“A LATERAL SCIENCE?” POLITICAL ECONOMY AND LIMITS OF GOVERNMENT IN MICHEL FOUCAULT’S THEORY

« UNE SCIENCE LATERALE ?» ECONOMIE POLITIQUE ET LIMITES DU GOUVERNEMENT CHEZ MICHEL FOUCAULT

Author(s): Val-Codrin Taut,Matei Demetrescu / Language(s): French / Issue: 3/2014

Keywords: political economy; governmentality; security; neo-liberalism; population; market’s theory; veridiction.

This article investigates in a critical vein the genealogy of political economy outlined in Michel Foucault’s theory of governmentality. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate that the foucauldian analysis of the economy as a governmental device is marked by a constitutive ambiguity: on the one hand, Foucault’s approach has managed to challenge the mainstream’s view of economic history; on the other hand, this theory is still embedded in the liberal rationality.

Notes to Fassbinder. Barthes. Foucault. Girard – Jeu de massacre et désire

Przypisy do Fassbindera. Barthes. Foucault. Girard -Jeu de massacre et désire

Author(s): Robert Kulpa / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 01/2004

Keywords: Kulpa: Notes to Fassbinder. Barthes. Foucault. Girard; Fassbinder’s works as an impulse to create the viewers’ own reality; The film Querelle; an image of sado-masochistic love; Fassbinder’s films; an impulse to search for one’s own identity/happiness;

Establishing one’s own unique reality seems a sensible solution to the limitations imposed by the modern world. Feeling lost due to the prevailing social order which makes people act out rigid roles in life is not an abstract concept. Rainer Werner Fassbinder’s films provide viewers with an opportunity to become aware of the almost inherent necessity of creating one’s own existence. In interviews the director himself declared that in fact he was making one and the same film all the time since they all focused around the same existential questions which always remained unanswered. Querelle, 1982, which was strongly criticised, touches the key issue of searching for one’s identity lost in mouldy social stereotypes. The desire for unity is to be fulfilled by love (homosexual love and incest). The relationship between the main character and his brother, however, becomes sado-masochistic. Violence and pleasure are equal elements of their relationship which breaks all social rules. The motive of sacrifice is continuously combined with the motive of rape (René Girard). The beautiful idea of attaining a state of being identical to oneself through another person is brutally wounded by reality, similarly to the way in which the passionate lovers “give birth to the obscenity of their relationship” (Roland Barthes). Trying to achieve happiness means exceeding the limits which have been determined by society. Existence becomes a continuous transgression (Michel Foucault). Hidden desires, dreams and fantasises overcome the hitherto darkness and this is what Fassbinder’s works seem to talk about.

The Subject’s Self-Formation in Power Relations: Theories of Subjectivity in Agamben, Badiou and Foucault from the Semiotic Perspective

Subjekti eneseloome võimusuhetes: Agambeni, Badiou’ ja Foucault’ subjektsuseteooriad semiootilisest vaatepunktist

Author(s): Ott Puumeister / Language(s): Estonian / Issue: 9/2012

Keywords: subjectivity; discourse; power relations; emancipation; autocommunication; singularity; event; politics

Within the liberal democratic context the individual is mostly seen as an autonomous agent with the freedom of choice on how to conduct one’s own life. However, this autonomy generally comes down to „choosing one’s lifestyle” and making decisions on what kinds of products to consume. This kind of autonomy leaves the subject without any political relevancy. To think on the possibilities and potentialities on the agency of the political subject, this article will turn 1) to Giorgio Agamben and his theorization of whatever singularities and the coming politics; 2) to Alain Badiou’s account of the event – the radical break of the established political situations; and 3) to Michel Foucault’s conceptualization of the technologies of the self in Antiquity and their importance to today’s political thinking. Finally, all these authors are viewed through the perspective of semiotics, which is provided mainly by the semiotics of culture of Juri Lotman. I think that the perspective of semiotics can add something to the understanding of the political subject both as an agent in the context of power relations and as a phenomenon to be studied by semiotics as a discipline.

The processes of civilization and social action: Subjectivity and governmentality by Michel Foucault and Norbert Elias

Les processus de civilisation et l’action sociale : Subjectivité et gouvernementalité chez Michel Foucault et Norbert Elias

Author(s): Arvi Sepp / Language(s): French / Issue: 2/2014

The power analytics developed by Michel Foucault aims at dissolving the idea of a centralized state that operates top down. In a similar vein, Norbert Elias develops the idea of the interiorization of social constraints as a pre-condition of the construction of subjectivity. This contribution will compare Elias ’ processes of civilization and Michel Foucault ’ s genealogical theory in order to expound on the status of subjectivity and governmentality in modern nation-states. First, we will analyze the denaturalization of the alleged autonomous subject in Les Mots et les choses (Foucault) and Engagement und Distanzierung (Elias). Secondly, the relation between sociogenesis and psychogenesis will be closely scrutinized through a detailed reading of Über den Prozeß der Zivilisation (Elias) and Surveiller et punir (Foucault). This contribution will thus show how the construction of the individual subject – the psychogenesis – is the vectorial effect of processes of subjection, of sociogenesis.

CHANGING FACE OF NEOLIBERALISM, TERRORISM AND CINEMATIC APPROACHES WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF FOUCAULT: THE ROAD TO GUANTANAMO

CHANGING FACE OF NEOLIBERALISM, TERRORISM AND CINEMATIC APPROACHES WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF FOUCAULT: THE ROAD TO GUANTANAMO

Author(s): Birgül Taşdelen / Language(s): English / Issue: 7/2016

Keywords: Neoliberalism; Terrorism; Michel Foucault; Cinema; the Road to Guantanamo;

Neoliberalism which ambiguities some main categories like state, ethnicity, cultural or political issues, is encouraged by idiosyncratic pressure, threat and violence acts. Discourses like war against terrorism, war against poverty or war against crime are among those explicit violence practices which serve for the legalization of the foreseen order. The main object of this study is to analyse the reflections of terrorism, which justifies the neoliberal state mechanism, in the film called The Road to Guantanamo directed by Winterbottom and Whitecross in 2006. According to Foucault, security, the main anchor point of neoliberalism, was activated against the factors which may affect the market relations (2010: 66). The psychology of danger which activates control and discipline mechanisms legalizes this security discourse. In this sense, it is necessary to analyse the film in terms of State's upholding its descending authority through "terrorism" and "security" discourses.

Totalitarianism between the ideology of the movement and the physics of power: Hannah Arendt and Michel Foucault

Totalitarizam između ideologije pokreta i fizike moći: Hannah Arendt i Michel Foucault

Author(s): Krešimir Petković,Toni Pavlović / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 13/2016

Keywords: totalitarianism; ideology; biopolitics; Nazism; Stalinism; Racism; technologies of power; Hannah Arendt; Michel Foucault; radical evil; camp;

The paper compares the understanding of totalitarianism by Hannah Arendt and Michel Foucault. First, a critical reading of Arendt depicts her understanding of the characteristics of totalitarianism. Ideology is ultimately shown to be crucial for Arendt. Then Foucault’s critique of the concept of ideology is provided together with his understanding of the functioning of power. Special attention is given to Foucault’s understanding of biopower and his theorizing about Nazism, racism, and Stalinism. In the last part of the paper similarities and differences between Foucault and Arendt in the understanding of totalitarianism are drawn, and a synthetic definition of totalitarianism is offered, which can be helpful in evaluating the historical and modern political orders as totalitarian.

Intersubjective Hermeneutical Ethics of Decision: Between Habermas’ Ideal Communication and Foucault’s Vital Tension in a Dialogue

Intersubjektyvi Hermeneutinė Sprendimo Etika: Tarp J. Habermaso Idealios Komunikacijos Ir M. Foucault Gyvybingos Dialogo Įtampos

Author(s): Rūta Bagdanavičiūtė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 89/2016

Keywords: hermeneutical decision ethics; intersubjectivity; communication; postdemocracy;

The text analyses intersubjective hermeneutical decision ethics based on dialogue. Dialogue is highlighted with an emphasis on dialogue in the context of today’s nihilistic vocation of hermeneutics (G. Vattimo). The question is about the extent of the idea of hermeneutical dialogue and what transformations it is experiencing. Standing critically on the grounds of Derrida’s ethics of absolute hospitality, the topicality of decision ethics (R. Kearney) is also highlighted in the context of current society. This theory suggests an ethics of unradical hermeneutical decision, which enacts some decisions about the other, However, it conceives the interpretability of these decisions. The article refers to J. Habermas’ ideal communication based on a rational mind according to democracy ideals. But rational communication is distorted by various power practices in our postdemocratical context, and these practices are not defeated by rational reflection. When faith is lost for the possibility of positive dialogue and mutual understanding, then there arises the danger of relativism and self-destructive fragmentation. A dynamic social dialogue which raises the tension between dialogue and power relationships is more adequate to the conditions of today’s postdemocracy. This tension is analyzed in relation to N. D avey’s hermeneutical unquiet understanding and G. Vattimo’s nihilistic vocation of hermeneutics.

Review of the book of Michel Foucault (1976) "The History of Sexuality, The Will to Knowledge", translated by Orges Hazizi

Recensë e librit të Michel Foucault (1976) "Historia e Seksualitetit, Vullneti për Dije", përkthyer nga Orges Hazizi

Author(s): Klodiana Turhani / Language(s): Albanian / Issue: 12/2013

Keywords: book review; Michel Foucault; sexuality; social theory;

Review of: Michel Foucault, (1976) "The History of Sexuality, The Will to Knowledge", translated by Orges Hazizi; Tiranë: UET Press, 2011 by: Klodiana Turhani

The Eco Pendulum. Umberto Eco: The New Middle Ages. Umberto Eco: The Foucault Pendulum

Az Eco-inga. Umberto Eco: Az új középkor. Umberto Eco: A Foucault-inga

Author(s): Gábor Klaniczay / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 03/1993

Keywords: Umberto Eco; The New Middle Ages; The Foucault Pendulum;

Enciklopédikus természetű művek bírálatánál mindegy, hogy hol kezdjük, az értelmezés úgyis kikerülhetetlenül körbe-körbe jár, hosszú kűröket kell lejteni, mielőtt értelmes véleményt fogalmazhatna meg az ember. Aki kedvét leli ebben, az már feltehetőleg Ecot is élvezte, s remélem, nem unja az alábbi eszmefuttatásokat sem. Kezdem tehát azzal, amivel Umberto Eco, az utóbbi évtizedek esztétikai-szemiotikái irányzatainak divatos sztárja bámulatba ejtette a világot, és megbotránkoztatta tudós kollégáit, vagyis A rózsa nevével, amelyben irodalom- és kultúrelméleti szakértelmét először kamatoztatta. A második regény, A Foucault-inga e bírálat tulajdonképpeni tárgya is jobban értelmezhető, ha megvizsgáltuk az első sikerét.

FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ BODY BUILD AS AN ELEMENT OF WESTERN EDUCATIONAL STRATEGY (IN M. FOUCAULT’S THEORY)

FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ BODY BUILD AS AN ELEMENT OF WESTERN EDUCATIONAL STRATEGY (IN M. FOUCAULT’S THEORY)

Author(s): Marina Bogdanova,Larisa Abrossimova / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

Keywords: M. Foucault; human corporeality; school; disciplined body; disciplinary space; bio-power.

Human corporeality is directly related to the space of education, although education is interpreted as, first of all, an intellectual process of cultural heritage transmission. Nevertheless, the formation of student’s physical body build is an important component of the state educational strategy. In accordance with the objectives and requirements of state and society there can be observed global changes in human corporeality within educational activities: the transformation of the body as a biological phenomenon into a socio-cultural phenomenon or “politically subjected body”. The authors use Michel Foucault’s ideas as the methodological base of their study of a student’s body transformation processes. Foucault’s ideas suggest that power influences an individual and their authentic behavior through the disciplining of their body, that the aim of the new type of power – the bio-power – is to increase the productivity and efficiency of a human body in the conditions of capitalistic industrial production, and that school is a specific disciplinary area, which allows to meet governmental demand for a new method of control via the production of “obedient bodies”. The authors come to the conclusion that in the modern educational model, despite democratization and humanization processes Foucault’s trends persist because education continues to be the part of the technocratic discourse. Modern school is a disciplinary space fenced off from the outside world, where there is a rigid hierarchy and a system of differences, physical drill, regulation, etc. All these are conditioned by the fact that school honors a governmental request for a technocratic person.

TRUTH AS A TRANSGRESSION TOOL. PARISIA AND THE ATTITUDE OF MODERNITY IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF MICHEL FOUCAULT

PRAWDA JAKO NARZĘDZIE TRANSGRESJI. PAREZJA A POSTAWA NOWOCZESNOŚCI W FILOZOFII MICHELA FOUCAULTA

Author(s): Michał Kowalczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 44/2018

Keywords: Foucault; Kant

In the article I analyze the idea of the Enlightenment in Michel Foucault’s philosophy. Also, I analyze a few possible practices of parrhesia which Foucault has been studying during his career. I try to show up the connections that in my opinion exist between these two issues. I describe the idea of ethos of modernity as the „methodological frame”, which can be analyzed as a kind of „clue” for the subjective action in modernity. Parrhesia, then, can be a specific action that we can practice as the ethos of modernity.

Michel Foucault, Security, Territory, Population, Ed. Ideea Design & Print, Cluj, 2009

Michel Foucault, Securitate, Teritoriu, Populaţie, Ed. Ideea Design & Print, Cluj, 2009

Author(s): Valer Simion Cosma / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 16/2010

Noam Chomsky et Michel Foucault, Sur la nature humaine, Comprendre le pouvoir interlude

Noam Chomsky et Michel Foucault, Sur la nature humaine, Comprendre le pouvoir interlude

Author(s): Jordančo Sekulovski / Language(s): Albanian,Macedonian / Issue: 1/2006

Keywords: book review; Noam Chomsky; Michel Foucault;

Review of: Noam Chomsky et Michel Foucault, Sur la nature humaine, Comprendre le pouvoir interlude, Les Etudiens Aden, Bruxelles, 2006.

Vladislav Suvák, Foucault. From self-concern to the aesthetics of existence and beyond

Vladislav Suvák, Foucault. Od starosti o seba k estetike existencie a ešte ďalej

Author(s): Simona Raševová / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 60/2021

Keywords: book review

Book review on Vladislav Suvák, Foucault, Od starosti o seba k estetike existencie a ešte ďalej, Bratislava (Petrus) 2021, 250 str.

Suvák, V.: Foucault (From the Care of the Self to the Aesthetics of Existence and Beyond)

Suvák, V.: Foucault (Od starosti o seba k estetike existencie a ešte ďalej)

Author(s): Damián Michalco / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2022

Review of: Suvák, V., FOUCAULT (OD STAROSTI O SEBA K ESTETIKE EXISTENCIE A EŠTE ĎALEJ) Bratislava: Petrus, 2021. 252 s., ISBN 978-80-89913-63-3

Beauty Standard Perception of Women: A Reception Study Based on Foucault’s Truth Relations and Truth Games

Beauty Standard Perception of Women: A Reception Study Based on Foucault’s Truth Relations and Truth Games

Author(s): Hasan Gürkan,Aybike Serttaş / Language(s): English / Issue: 96/2023

Keywords: advertising; beauty standard; truth; Foucault; reception analysis; Turkey; cultural studies;

This study discusses how television viewers’ definitions of beauty are affected by advertisements. The media effects on the perception of beauty and truth are explained in detail as the investigation unfolds. In November 2021 and May 2022, the study collected data through individual interviews with 22 women aged 18 to 63. The data gleaned from these interviews was interpreted with Stuart Hall’s coding-encoding theory using Peircein trichotomy and Foucault’s truth relations and truth games. The study found that one of the new functions of advertising is to enable female viewers to make personal evaluations of physical beauty standards and concluded that beauty is not truth but is a construct manufactured by advertisements. Female audiences read women shown in ads with multiple dimensions of significance and sensibility to experience the presentation and re-presentation of the women.