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Dyskursywna koncepcja władzy. Foucault i Laclau o dyskursie, podmiocie i władzy

Dyskursywna koncepcja władzy. Foucault i Laclau o dyskursie, podmiocie i władzy

Author(s): Lotar Rasiński / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 53/2010

Keywords: Principia; philosophy; logic; theoretical sociology

Prezentowany artykuł jest efektem rozważań, jakie przeprowadziłem w swojej dysertacji doktorskiej, zatytułowanej "Hegemonia i społeczeństwo. Analiza i rekonstrukcja dyskursywnej teorii władzy". Zbyt długi namysł nad formą publikacji całości dysertacji – co doprowadziło do dezauktualizacji pewnych jej fragmentów – skłonił mnie ostatecznie do publikacji czegoś w rodzaju „rekapitulacji”, która zaprezentuje jej, moim zdaniem, najważniejsze rezultaty.

Discourse and Truth in Bourdieu and Foucault

Дискурс и истина при Бурдийо и Фуко

Author(s): Stoika Penkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2008

The article attempts to rethink critically the terms discourse and truth in the context of two different social theories, those of Pierre Bourdieu and Michel Foucault. The analysis assumes a reconstruction of certain authors’ „analytics of truth“ and, in this perspective, continues with „analytics of power“ and „analytics of the subject“. The ostensible similarity between the initial perspective of reference to discourse and truth that is grounded in the essential determination of these terms of power relations, allows for different views of social reality and, hence, different solutions to the crisis of Modernity. As a result, in contrast to Foucault’s „critical ontology for us“, Bourdieu’s „social ontology“ stakes on reflexivity as a means for overcoming the effects of the modern „will to truth“. In this perspective the article stresses on the role (modest, but significant) of social scientists to help in transforming the principles and classification schemes through which the agent acts in and on the world. This would permit not only to diagnose but also to form „us“ as „free human beings“.

Michel Foucault and Genealogy of Normalized Time

Мишел Фуко и генеалогията на нормализираното време

Author(s): Liliana Deyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 01/1991

Power Relations Analysis in Rival Perspectives of Noam Chomsky and Michel Foucault

Analiza relacji władzy w konkurencyjnych perspektywach Noama Chomsky’ego i Michela Foucault

Author(s): Jerzy Stachowiak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: power relations; discourse analysis; social criticism; Noam Chomsky; Michel Foucault

The article aims at presenting two opposite socio-philosophical stances, to which most of research on power within the framework of discourse studies can be attributed. These outlooks are represented by the names of Noam Chomsky and Michel Foucault. The discussion between these intellectuals constitutes the basis for the comparative analysis presented in the article. The competing approaches to the following questions are juxtaposed: what is political power, why power relations need to be analyzed and possibly changed, what is the role of ideas like “struggle”, “freedom” or “justice” in these processes. For many researchers interested in discursive manifestations of power relations, this set of notions delineates the scope of normatively legitimate pragmatic issues inscribed into the research practice. The aim of the paper is to closely examine the assumptions underlying the rival solutions to the above mentioned issues. This is achieved by presenting the contrasting arguments used as a means for the justification of legitimacy and moral rightness of each standpoint.

Hegel and Foucault on the Individualization and the Totalization in the Modernity

Хегел и Фуко за индивидуализацията и тотализацията в модерността

Author(s): David Durst / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/1996

CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHICAL IDEAS

The care of the self as a condition for coping in a crisis situation. A practical aspect of M. Foucault’s hermeneutics of the subject

The care of the self as a condition for coping in a crisis situation. A practical aspect of M. Foucault’s hermeneutics of the subject

Author(s): Hanna Stępniewska-Gębik / Language(s): / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: care of the self; hermeneutics; subject; crisis situation; Michel Foucault; troska o siebie; hermeneutyka; podmiot; sytuacja kryzysu

Celem artykułu jest próba przedstawienia troski o siebie jako pewnej „praktyki siebie” urzeczywistnianej przez podmiot w sytuacji kryzysu. W artykule autorka odnosi się przede wszystkim do dwóch dzieł z ostatniego okresu twórczości Michela Foucault, tj. do Historii seksualności oraz Hermeneutyki podmiotu. Francuski filozof ukazuje w nich znaczenie troski o siebie (która uległa zmianom pod wpływem dominującego dyskursu naukowego) oraz podkreśla istotne znaczenie tej kategorii zawartej w hermeneutyce podmiotu. W tekście autorka przedstawia i interpretuje zarówno założenia teoretyczne analizowanej kategorii, jak i jej praktyczne implikacje wobec funkcjonowania ludzi w czasie kryzysu.

THE ETHOPOIETIC FUNCTION OF WRITING: HOW TO WRITE TO MASTER ONE’S OWN IDENTITY. ON THE BASIS OF THE LATE WORKS BY MICHEL FOUCAULT

THE ETHOPOIETIC FUNCTION OF WRITING: HOW TO WRITE TO MASTER ONE’S OWN IDENTITY. ON THE BASIS OF THE LATE WORKS BY MICHEL FOUCAULT

Author(s): Paulina Kłos / Language(s): English / Issue: 26/2014

The ethopoietic function of writing is a term used to describe the possibility launched by the process of writing to transform theoretical truths into ethos — the rule that governs our vita activa. In his writings Foucault presents the concise, yet detailed, methods of governing and mastering the Self. Seneca’s hupomnēmata are an example of how to integrate theoretical knowledge into the very “body” of the Self. Introducing words into the virtual space between present consciousness and future unconsciousness increases the distance between “I” and death; hence, Foucault concludes that “we write so as not to die.” “Essential affinity between death, endless striving and the self representation of language” is, in this sense, the condition for the creation of an identity. I would like to present the ways in which Foucault assimilates all these paths to make the aesthetics and ethics of our existence coherent and complete.

FOUCAULT'S PERSPECTIVE ON “THE CARE OF THE SELF” IN CHRISTIANITY AND THE LACK OF SOME CENTRAL ELEMENTS - THE FACE AND THE SACRAMENT

FOUCAULT'S PERSPECTIVE ON “THE CARE OF THE SELF” IN CHRISTIANITY AND THE LACK OF SOME CENTRAL ELEMENTS - THE FACE AND THE SACRAMENT

Author(s): Georgiana Moise / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: power; truth; self; techniques of domination; technique of the self; exomologesis; exagoreusis;

The basic idea of this study is to invalidate the conclusion reached by Foucault when trying to analyze in Christianity the obligations of truth which concern the self (assimilated to the soul), and namely that by exomologesis and exagoreusis, as Christian techniques, are founded one of the main forms of our obedience - towards others, or towards the system - the binding confession being for him a way of enslaving the individual. By not understanding the essence of Christianity - i.e. lacking the metaphysical dimension, face and sacrament of the data upon which the research is done - it is natural for Foucault to reach to a wrong conclusion, reason for which he is proposing new techniques of care of the self (after the model of the practices of the self in the Romanian Stoicism, specifying that these practices of the self are relational and transversal, not of the community nor individual) as a shield against the domineering systems, with a Humanist mask.

The importance of confessional practices in Anglo-Saxon interpretation of Michel Foucault’s political philosophy

Ideologiczne implikacje praktyk konfesyjnych – filozofia polityki Michela Foucault w kontekście interpretacji Anglosaskiej

Author(s): Marta Moskal / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 7/2016

Keywords: Christianity; confession; socialism; fascism;

This article studies Foucault’s approach to culture and religion and shows their implications on modern states and societies. Especially Christianity plays a major role in establishing new social and political order by using confession as a main tool. Foucault’s critical analysis aims at emphasizing a basic core of three areas of religious activism: self-denial, sexuality and community. This article is mainly based on Anglo Saxon interpretation and literature as it is not a well-known way of adapting Foucault’s thought to continental European philosophy

RECEPTION OF F. NIETZSCHE’S IDEAS IN M. FOUCAULT’S GENEALOGICAL HERMENEUTICS: THE POSSIBILITY OF CRITIQUE OF HISTORY AND SOCIAL PRACTICES

F. NIETZSCHE’S IDĖJŲ RECEPCIJA M. FOUCAULT GENEALOGIJOJE: ISTORIJOS IR SOCIALINIŲ PRAKTIKŲ KRITIKOS GALIMYBĖ

Author(s): Arūnas Mickevičius / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 91/2017

Keywords: incompleteness of interpretation; genealogy; hermeneutics; archeology; social criticism; power;

The aim of the paper is to explicate Foucault’s interpretational access to Nietzsche’s basic concepts; second, to show Nietzsche’s importance for the development of M. Foucault‘s genealogy; and third, to disclose how Foucault’s genealogical research in polemics with J. Habermas turns to the problem of legitimizing the question “How can genealogical history and a variety of social practices criticism?” This article is intended to support the thesis that genealogical research developed by Foucault can be seen as legitimate historical and social practice and an alternative to Habermasian project.

More than Calculable, Less than One: the Relation between Population and Affect in Michel Foucault’s Theory of Biopolitics

Daugiau nei apskaičiuojama, mažiau nei vienas: populiacijos ir afekto santykis Michelio Foucault biopolitikos teorijoje

Author(s): Denis Petrina / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 12/2017

Keywords: population; biopolitics; life; affect; dispositif; Foucault;

According to Michel Foucault, the concept of biopolitics is intrinsically linked with the emergence of the figure of population in a political discourse, which eventually has become an invariant of life in the political context. On the one hand, it signifies that politics is biologized, since the task of a new form of power, biopower, is to govern life through populations. On the other hand, the very attempt to make life “political” appears problematic, mostly due to the immanent resistence of life itself. In this article, populations are analyzed from the standpoint of the affect as vitality, power to affect or be affected. It is attempted to answer the question how biopower makes the affect, which is incalculable and opposed to any order, quantifiable. To answer this question, Foucault’s concept of dispositif as well as its relation to the population are investigated. Then, the genealogy of the concept of population is reconstructed. Ultimately, new quantifying power technologies are contrasted with a qualitative change brought by the affect.

Dispositif or Desire of the Outside? The Differences between Conceptions of Power of Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze

Dispozityvas ar išorės geismas? Michelio Foucault ir Gilles’io Deleuze’o galios sampratų skirtumai

Author(s): Kasparas Pocius / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 12/2017

Keywords: dispositif; conduct; resistance; outside; neoliberalism;

The article scrutinizes the conceptions of power of Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze, emphasizes their differences and characterizes the historical causes which have allowed the emergence of these differences. Deleuze, in the theory which he has created separately and together with Félix Guattari, conceptualizes the notion of immanent outside of power while observing the possibilities to resist in the lines of flight which the assemblages involve. Meanwhile Foucault creates a concept of dispositif, where the person’s conduct presupposes his/her subjection to power: a person becomes the object and simultaneously a subject, who realizes herself in some power diagram. While, after 1975, Deleuze develops the strategies of resistance to any power, Foucault seeks self-realization in the strategies of individuation and self-creation, which, from the historical perspective, were not unrelated to the emergence of neoliberalism at the end of the 20th century.

Re-Read Murtaza which is Orhan Kemal’s Novel with Foucault’s Concepts which are Subject and Power

Orhan Kemal’in Murtaza İsimli Romanini Foucault’nun Özne ve İktidar Kavramlariyla Birlikte Okumak

Author(s): Berkant Örkün / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 93/2018

Keywords: Orhan Kemal; Michel Foucault; Murtaza; power; subject;

Murtaza that is written by Orhan Kemal who is a story and novel writer is a very important novel in Turkish Literature. The novel has been examined by jurists, sociologists, economists as much as it has been studied by literary critics because Murtaza has a unique type in Turkish and world literature. Orhan Kemal created the Murtaza type as a result of the relations of power and subject in Turkey’s political life in the 1940s. The concepts which is power and subject intensively studied by Michel Foucault. Therefore, the novel re-read with Foucault’s concepts that is power and subject. As we know, Michel Foucault developed the concepts in the 1970s but these concepts are in fiction of the novel which is written by Orhan Kemal in 1952. Hence, It is found in this study that Orhan Kemal thought these concepts before Foucault. Additionally, in this study attempting to give an answer to why the Murtaza type is an original type in Turkish and world literature in this study.

The Network on/of Power Relationships: What Can Be Seen through Michel Foucault’s Lens?

The Network on/of Power Relationships: What Can Be Seen through Michel Foucault’s Lens?

Author(s): Agnieszka Czarnecka / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2018

Keywords: Michel Foucault; power relationships; pastoral power; individualization; Network

The objective of this paper is to examine two issues related both to Michel Foucault’s philosophy of power and to Sidney Lumet’s movie, Network; here interpreted through Foucauldian categories. The first problem concerns answering the question about the integrity of Foucault’s oeuvre on power. The second one refers to the tension between two individualizing strategies: first, individualization by power, and second, the autonomous creation of self-identity by the use of the technologies of the self, present within the context of the philosopher’s debate over power. We use Network as a framework for developing our argumentative line in both discussions. “From Foucault to Network” is not the only interpretative direction adopted in this paper. What we would like to achieve is to make of the article itself a kind of network where the conclusions we arrive at after having watched the film help us to better understand the philosopher’s theory; thus, the direction “from Network to Foucault” is justified as well.

Power over the Body, Power over the Mind. Michel Foucault and the Care of the Self as a Practice of Freedom

Power over the Body, Power over the Mind. Michel Foucault and the Care of the Self as a Practice of Freedom

Author(s): Giulio Lo Bello / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2018

Keywords: body; Care of the Self; Michel Foucault;

The theme of the care of the self and the techniques of the self, occupied much of the last Foucault’s thought, representing an apparently new philosophical approach. In the interview Foucault realized in 1984 and directly quoted in the title of this article, the French philosopher was invited to illustrate, in a more detailed manner, some of the key aspects of what indeed was considered a substantial change in his researching interests. In fact this issue was connected, at least initially, to a more generic attempt to articulate the question of how a subject could be the initial and final point of resistance to the political and institutional power, a role in which it appeared mostly as a passive product of the power and the domain of technical devices. It seems quite surprising that Foucault accomplished to write a history of the philosophical construction of subjectivity in terms of practical self-constitution and self-invention and even imagined reconsidering the totality of its constitution in such terms.

‘Shortsight’ Problem of the Modern Individual: Analysis of the Film ‘The Lobster’ on the Context of Foucault’s Subject and Power Concepts

Modern Bireyin ‘Miyop’ Sorunu: Foucault’nun Özne ve İktidar Kavramları Bağlamında ‘The Lobster’ Filminin Analizi

Author(s): Can Diker / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: Sp. Iss/2019

Keywords: Foucault; Power; Sexuality; Dystopia; The Lobster (film);

The Lobster, the film directed by Yorgos Lanthimos in 2015, sets up a dystopic society that is expected to take place in the near future in a surreal style and focuses on the individual’s sense of repression against power in the current system. The diegesis of the film consists of three different locations: “The City” where modern society individuals generally live, “The Forest” where the fugitives, who do not adopt to the modern society and “The Hotel”, which serves as a training camp and also a prison to readapt the individuals to the modern society and its rules. In The Lobster’s dystopic diegesis, the creation and shaping of power is realized through spaces and discourses, and an oppressive society structure is made by doing surveillance on the individuals. In each of these places there are different power relations, and the phenomenon of surveillance is the common point of all. Individuals are subject to the rules of relevant places according to the place which they are located. Accordingly, individuals are rewarded and punished for their actions. In this context, the film has a very close relationship with Foucault’s perspectives on power and subject. Based on the ideas that Foucault’s power is everywhere and can be shaped through spaces, how the three places in film produce their own power practice will be analyzed through the film.

TRACES OF ORIENTALIST ISLAMIC FICTION IN THE VIEW OF POSTMODERNIST THINKING TOWARDS ISLAM: NIETZSCHE, FOUCAULT AND DERRIDA EXAMPLES

POST MODERNİST DÜŞÜNCENİN İSLAM’A BAKIŞ AÇISINDA ORYANTALİST İSLAM KURGUSUNUN İZLERİ: NEITZSCHE, FOUCAULT VE DERRİDA ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Caner Övsan Çakaş / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 3/2018

Keywords: Islam; Orientalism; Nietzsche; Foucault; Derrida;

In this research study, it was aimed to reveal the traces of the Orientalist Islamic fiction in the thoughts of Nietzsche, Foucault and Derrida, which are considered important representatives of the postmodernist thinking that emerged as a reaction to the positivist epistemology with the idea of Enlightenment. In the course of the study, the opinions of postmodern thinkers about Islam in their works have been examined and analyzed by means of deconstruction method. Despite the fact that postmodernist thinkers have developed a critical perspective on the orientalist positivist epistemology and European-centered understanding of this process, it has been seen that their conception of Islam is largely based on the image of negative Islam, which is framed by orientalists. As a consequence of the work, the postmodernist thinkers have come to the conclusion that Islam has been negatively framed in European society, and that they have developed a critical view of why so-called negative Islamic fiction has been alienated in European society.

AN INTRODUCTION TO QUEER THEORY (WITH MICHEL FOUCAULT)

UVOD U KVIR TEORIJU (S MIŠELOM FUKОOM)

Author(s): Dušan Maljković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3-4/2019

Keywords: queer (hetero/homo) normativism; homophobia; gay movement; Kinsey; Foucault

The paper is focused on explaining the meaning of the term „queer“ by using linguistic and semantic analysis. It also attempts to explain how the queer theory emerged in the background of the political movement for gay and lesbian liberation that developed quite substantially in the second half of the 20th century. Special attention has been given to the influence of the French post-structuralist Michel Foucault who could be considered father of the queer theory and to its „deconstructive“ tendency to an essentialist concept of homosexuality seen as a phenomenon that is unchangeable in historical and cultural terms.

Sexual Choice, Sexual Act: Foucault and Homosexuality

Seksualni izbor, seksualni čin: Fuko i homoseksualnost

Author(s): Michel Foucault / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 13/2000

Michel Foucault, “Sexual Choice, Sexual Act: Foucault and Homosexuality”, Politics, Philosophy, Culture, Interviews and Other Writings 1977-1984, ed. L.D. Kritzman, New York, Routledge, 1990, pp. 286-303.

The atypical translation techniques of the translation of a scientific text on the example of the Polish version of Discipline and punish by Michel Foucault

Nietypowe rozwiązania translatorskie w tłumaczeniu tekstu naukowego na przykładzie Nadzorować i karać Michela Foucault

Author(s): Patrycja Masłowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2018

Keywords: scientific translation; specialised text; terminology; polysemy

This article deals with the translation of the chosen terms in Discipline and punish by Michel Foucault, translated into Polish by Tadeusz Komendant. It also characterizes it as a scientific text. This characterisation and the analysis of the chosen terms reveal that a scientific text may possess characteristics of other text types, which proves the existence of text types fluidity.