Search results for: Itinera Spiritualia in All Content

Orators at Sea and Orange in the Refectory or The Art of Eloquence of Father Johann Kraus SJ

Rétoři na moři a pomeranč v refektáři aneb Umění elokvence P. Johanna Krause SJ

Author(s): Michal Svatoš / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2010

Keywords: P. Johann Kraus SJ; conceptual sermons; rhetoric; Jesuits in Bohemia

This biographic study presents the Jesuit Johann Kraus, secondary school teacher, university professor, preacher, poet, writer, and missionary. He was a keen supporter of new literary aesthetics, which endorsed, for example, conceptual sermons. The author presents an overview of his historiographic, hagiographic, and meditative works but also his poems, polemics, and last but not least, sermons. Using the example of his opening speech for incoming students of rhetoric, he analyses his sermonic style, and in an appending provides an edition of his rhetoric performance.

Canceled Development? The Rhodope Mountains as a Regional Case Study From the Economic Consequences of the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire

Abgebrochene Entwicklung? Die Rhodopen als regionale Fallstudie für die wirtschaflichen Folgen des Zerfalls des Osmanischen Reiches

Author(s): Ulf Brunnbauer / Language(s): German / Issue: 59-60/2000

Theoreticians, pilgrims, clerks: Three forms of Renaissance travelogue texts

Teoretičari, hodočasnici, činovnici: tri vrste renesansnih putopisnih tekstova

Author(s): Irena Miličić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 38/2010

Keywords: Renaissance; sixteenth century; travel writing; apodemic literature, pilgrimages; travelogue; Bartul Đurđević; Bonifacije Stijepović Drakolica; Holy Land

The author discusses several specific forms of Renaissance travelogues in the sixteenth century. The introduction provides a short survey of the development of travelogue genre in the Antiquity and Middle Ages. Special attention is paid to the pilgrimage texts, a form that did not change substantially in the Renaissance although some influences of the hodoeporical texts (highly elaborate travel theory specific for the Renaissance period) can be noted. The author analyzes two pilgrimage texts by Croatian authors, Bartol Đurđević and Bonifacije Stijepović Drakolica, as illustrations of this old travelogue form. The second part of the essay focuses on the examination of a system of hodoeporical or apodemical texts, a large series of theoretical texts. Some of them are similar to travel manuals as they aim to classify all extant aspects of travel, enlighten, advise and in every way accompany the Renaissance traveller on his way. In the third part, the author examines administrative travel notes, some of them written for political leaders and some by church administrators, bishops or parish priests. The article concludes with Justin Stagl’s thoughts on the history of travel as, basically, a history of curiosity.

Review of "Foreign authors about the macedonian Bulgarian during the 19 century", Nikola Mihov

Преглед на "Чужди писатели за македонските българи в XIX век", Никола Михов

Author(s): Lyubomir Miletich / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 05-06/1925

review of foreign literature in the field of history of Macedonia during the 19 century

Academic Agenda: Scientific agenda of the Institute of Archaeology from Iasi in 2009; Conference Reports; Documentation trips

ACTIVITATEA ŞTIINŢIFICĂ A INSTITUTULUI DE ARHEOLOGIE DIN IAŞI ÎN ANUL 2009; RAPOARTE CONFERINTE; STAGII DE DOCUMENTARE

Author(s): Dan Aparaschivei,Cornelia-Magda Lazarovici,Alexander Rubel,Victor Spinei / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2010

Keywords: Academic Agenda; Institute of Archaeology from Iasi; 2009; Conference Reports; Documentation trips

Academic Agenda: Scientific agenda of the Institute of Archaeology from Iasi in 2009; Conference Reports; Documentation trips

The “Consilium itinerarii” by a Venetian Physician for the Embassy to Emperor Sigismund in Hungary in 1434–1435

„Consilium itinerarii“ benátskeho lekára pre vyslancov k cisárovi Žigmundovi do Uhorska v rokoch 1434–1435

Author(s): Daniela Dvořáková / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2017

Keywords: consilium itinerarii; Travelling in the Middle Ages; Sigismund of Luxembourg; Venice; Ungarn

The topic of the contribution is travel and the regimen of travellers in the medieval period, drawing on examples of several fifteenth-century missions from Italy to Austria and Hungary. The core of interest lies with the mission of Venetian envoys Andre Donato and Geronimo Contarini who travelled to Hungary in 1434 to meet emperor Sigismund of Luxemburg. The work will analyse a unique source that survived their diplomatic mission: the so-called travel plan (consilium itinerarii); a kind of guide and travel regimen for the long and arduous journey through the Alpine passes written by the notable Venetian physician Pietro Tomasii.

The Military Expedition of Krzysztof Radziwiłł „Perkūnas” to Livonia in the Winter of 1579

Wyprawa zbrojna Krzysztofa Radziwiłła „Pioruna” w Inflantach zimą 1579 roku

Author(s): Karol Łopatecki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2018

Keywords: itinerarium;military cartography;Kierepeć;Kirempe;Dorpat;Tartu;Livonia;the 16th century;

The article presents the Lithuanian expedition carried out in Livonia in the winter of 1579. On the basis of the itinerary [itinerarium] and iconographic and written sources it has been established that three regiments were to act in a coordinated manner to conduct the military action against the Russian Empire. All the three regiments were to set off from Kieś [Wenden] and through different ways reach Dorpat [Tartu] occupied by the Russians. The whole expedition included about 200 cavalry soldiers and about 400 common infantry soldiers [Polish: drab] along with several light artillery and a numerous lager. Owing to the activities undertaken by the three regiments, destructions were much more extensive, more loot was acquired and military successes were more significant – the castle of Kierepeć was conquered. The activity of three separate regiments confused the enemy and prevented them from undertaking the effective defence. The expedition was carried out from 16 February to 6 March, which also affected its outcome. The late winter provided the best conditions for the land communication, while the upcoming thaw made it impossible for the enemy to launch the counter-defence. It resulted in the safe return to Kieś and a lack of Moscovite units sent from Dorpat. To my way of thinking, the winter expedition of 1579 to Livonia was the best example of the manoeuvre art of the Polish-Lithuanian army in the 16th century.The routes of two regiments (the left one and the central one) ran close to each other, while the third one (the right one) had a totally different route entering the Russian lands from the back. The right regiment was commanded by the Oberst [Colonel] of Courland Jürgen Buttler, who conquered the castle of Kierepeć [Kirempe]. The main unit was commanded by Krzysztof Radziwiłł nicknamed “Perkūnas”, who plundered the vicinities of Dorpat. The analysis of the itinerary of 1579 prepared by Krzysztof Radziwiłł indicates that the mile recorded there corresponded to 8 kilometres. The average daily velocity of the expedition Kieś–Dorpat–Kieć amounted to 21.55 km, which corresponded to 2.7 miles. During the expedition the regiments covered from 250 to 310 km, which along with the return journey amounted to 500 km.

Public Aspects of Roman Superficies

Публичноправни аспекти на римската суперфиция

Author(s): Malina Novkirishka- Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 7/2017

Keywords: Superficies; Construction; Public land; Public property; Superficiarius; Locatio Conductio Rei

The study of Roman superficies is mainly focused on the private aspects of its regulation. It’s also pointed out that the origins of superficies are as a concession of public lands owned by the Roman state, the minicipia or the church, and later are used in private relations. The article presents some of the main aspects of this public regulation. There are also suggestions on the need to overcome the principle "Superficies solo cedit", which is the basis of the modern legal framework, namely in connection with the construction on the public land.

Cranial Fractures in 2005 Early Eneolithic Multiple Burial from Alba Iulia-Lumea Nouă (Romania)

Cranial Fractures in 2005 Early Eneolithic Multiple Burial from Alba Iulia-Lumea Nouă (Romania)

Author(s): Mihai GLIGOR,Andrei Dorian SOFICARU,Ana FETCU / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2018

Keywords: Alba Iulia-Lumea Nouă; Early Eneolithic Transylvania; mass graves; blunt force trauma; minimum number of individuals; bioarchaeology of females

Early Eneolithic multiple burial discovered in 2005 at Alba Iulia-Lumea Nouă (Transylvania, Romania) revealed various traumatic injuries on both adult and non-adult crania. The aim of this paper is to present the traumatic injuries on adult skulls and establish sex differences regarding type, location and shape of the skeletal lesions. Radiocarbon data indicates a timeframe 4621-4483 BC for this particular event. The minimum number of individuals based on cranial elements was established as being approximately 50, within this, 34 being represented by adult individuals. 23 restored skull caps were macroscopically determined as belonging to female individuals the rest being represented by male specimens. Multiple traumatic injuries were observed on several skull caps, but no postcranial injuries were identified.

Trade Contacts between Prague Jews and Northern Italy and their Engagement in the Italian Commodity Trade in the 16th and Early 17th Centuries

Trade Contacts between Prague Jews and Northern Italy and their Engagement in the Italian Commodity Trade in the 16th and Early 17th Centuries

Author(s): Marie Buňatová / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

Keywords: Bohemia; Early modern period; Economic history of the Jews; Long-distance trade; Grocery goods; Prague; Italy

This paper is focused on the topic of contacts between Prague Jews and trade centres in Northern Italy and on the involvement of Jewish merchants in the trade of Italian grocery goods in the 16th and early 17th centuries. The topic is examined on the basis of broader economic factors that were important for long-distance trade between Northern Italy and Central Europe at that time. In addition, the historical roots of the contacts between Prague Jews and the Italian milieu are explained in the context of several waves of expulsion suffered by European Jews during the 15th century, and also against the backdrop of the political situation in Northern Italy through the 16th century. The study provides information on the various forms of mutual trade. The latter was conducted in Italian centres, such as Venice and Verona and at the annual markets in Bolzano, where Prague Jewish merchants travelled directly. Mediterranean goods, however, were also made available to people in Prague through the mediation of Italian and Upper German firms, which sold them in Nuremberg and Linz or sent them directly to Prague. The study also maps the activities of several prominent Jewish entrepreneurs in Prague who participated in this commercial exchange.

The Nebelivka experimental house construction and house-burning, 2014–2015

The Nebelivka experimental house construction and house-burning, 2014–2015

Author(s): Stuart Johnston,John Chapman,Bisserka Gaydarska,Aleksandr Diachenko,Patricia Voke,Marco Nebbia,Vladyslav Litkevych / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

Keywords: Trypillia; mega-site; Nebelivka; experimental archaeology; house-construction; house-burning;

One of the research goals of the AHRC-funded “Early urbanism in Europe?: the case of the Trypillia mega-sites, Ukraine” Project was the better understanding of how Trypillia houses burned down in order to aid our understanding of the taphonomy of house remains excavated at the Trypillia BII mega-site of Nebelivka. For that reason, the Project decided to build two 2/3 size Trypillia experimental houses – one single-storey and one two-storey – in order to compare the burnt remains of the two types of houses. In the first part of this article, we explain the construction methods of the two 4 x 3m houses and the resources utilized to build them. In the second part, we provide an account of the burning of the two-storey house and explain the principal results of the experiment. In conclusion, we seek to define the specific contribution of the Nebelivka experiment not only to the history of Trypillia house-burning but the wider debate of deliberate house-burning.

Roasted and Boiled. An Archaeological Approach to Cooking Techniques from Vestiges of Ritual Activities in Mesoamerica

Asado y hervido: un acercamiento arqueológico a las técnicas de cocción a partir de vestigios de actividades rituales en Mesoamérica

Author(s): Pauline Mancina / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 29/2019

Keywords: roasted; boiled; offering; feasting; archaeology

The objective of this article is to create a bibliographical review concerning the archaeological approaches to cuisines, focusing on their types recorded in the context of ritual activities in Mesoamerica. The culinary practice in ritual activities has been the subject of numerous studies for the Late Postclassic and Colonial periods. Although the Spanish chronicles described it in relation to the symbolic meanings hidden behind the cuisines served in certain ritual events, simple application of ethnohistorical data to archaeological contexts remains difficult. The article considers the possible criteria used to identify traces of cooking practices in food remains and presents a series of specific contexts to evaluate its applicability and usefulness in Mesoamerican archaeology. The archaeological contexts selected from the current bibliography can be roughly grouped into two types, offerings and banquets. The remains of banqueting activities tend to be found in ceremonial areas and show a specific preference for cooking. In this case, indirect exposure to heat in a humid environment is preferred. On the other hand, in the case of offerings, the cooking activities are generally carried out in a dry environment. The identification of these recurrences allows us to make an initial assessment of our knowledge on ritual cooking in Ancient Mesoamerican archaeology.

The Unity of the Catholic Church

Јединство католичанске (саборне) Цркве

Author(s): Cyprian Of Carthage / Language(s): Serbian,Latin / Issue: 2-3/2008

Syntaxonomy and ecological differentiation of the pioneer vegetation of Ukraine. 2. Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae, Festucetea vaginatae, Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis classes

Syntaxonomy and ecological differentiation of the pioneer vegetation of Ukraine. 2. Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae, Festucetea vaginatae, Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis classes

Author(s): D.V. Dubyna,T.P. Dziuba,S. M. Iemelianova,P. A. Tymoshenko / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2020

Keywords: psammophytic vegetation; classification; new-formed ecotope; ecological gradients; cluster analysis; DCA-ordination;

Pioneer psammophytic vegetation is usually developed on wind-drift sandy substrates such as arenas, spits, beaches, river terraces, and this vegetation occupies significant areas in all three natural zones of Ukraine. The Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis class was represented by 13 associations, 3 alliances and 1 order; Festucetea vaginatae class by 22 associations, 2 alliances and 1 order; Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae by 10 associations, 4 alliances and 1 order. The results of cluster analysis and synoptic tables of the classes are presented. 9 alliances are briefly described. Leading factors of territorial and ecological differentiation are identified. It was found that the territorial distribution of plant communities is influenced by the character of ecotope mesorelief, soil composition and humus horizon thickness, as well as the degree of eolian processes development. The main factors of their ecological differentiation are soil acidity, salt regime and ombroregime. Based on the results of DCA-ordination of syntaxa within certain vegetation classes, it was found that their distribution is influenced by factors that correlate with the environment-specific conditions. It has emerged that an ecological differentiation of syntaxa within Festucetea vaginatae is determined by the integrated effect of gradients, and soil salinity is leading among them. Temperature regime and climate continentality are leading factors in the distribution of syntaxa within the Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis class. The gradients of ombroregime and soil humidity have a significant impact. The distribution of communities of the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae class in the ecological space is determined mainly by factors of variability of damping, ombroregime and climate continentality. The author’s syntaxonomic concept assumes the independence of the studied classes: Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis, Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae and Festucetea vaginatae, conside¬ring that the leading factors of community differentiation of the Festucetea vaginatae and Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis classes are the origin (genesis) of sandy substrates, as well as soil acidity. Phytosociological analysis of a large number of relevés of coastal littoral vegetation also provides support for independence of the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae and Ammophiletea classes diffe¬rent floristically and ecologically. A review of the psammophytic vegetation of Ukraine will determine the place of the selected syntaxonomic units in the pan-European system.

Fundamentum Doctrine Joachim. The Beginning of Research on the Vision of the History of Joachim of Fiore

Fundamentum doctrine Joachim. U początków badań nad wizją dziejów opata z Fiore

Author(s): Jan Grzeszczak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: XXVl/2020

The article presents the first attempt at a comprehensive and critical view on the vision of the history of Joachim of Fiore (1135–1202), that is, the so-called “Protocol of Anagni” from the mid-13th century, a collection of the results of a papal commission convened by Alexander IV to examine the case of the Franciscan theologian Gerard of Borgo San Donnino. An analysis of a fragment of the “Protocol”, where the papal theologians presented the foundations of the doctrine of Joachim of Fiore, the Calabrian Abbot, was carried out. Attention was drawn to a precise selection of works by Joachim of Fiore, which the commission used to research the legacy of this author in the doctrinal aspect. Both the selection of the fragments of works by Joachim of Fiore, as well as the relatively brief period of time of a mere several dozen years after his death, make the Protocol of Anagni compelling research material, which cannot be overlooked in the study of Joachim’s legacy. This is the first in-depth and, more importantly, source-based presentation and critical assessment of the historical and theological vision of this 12th-century author, one that is astonishing in its vitality, stretching from the Middle Ages to modern times.

The First Two Chapters of the Second Part of Don Quixote: Classical Culture in the Service of Narrative

Los dos primeros capítulos de la Segunda Parte del Quijote: la cultura clásica al servicio de la tarea narrativa

Author(s): Antonio de Padua Andino Sánchez / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 11/2020

Keywords: Don Quixote; Cervantes; literary sources; comparative literature; Baroque;

In the first two chapters, that serve as a prelude to the Second Part of Don Quixote, we can already observe the creative path that the new literary adventure will take. As we shall point out, the large number of references, arguments and examples issued from Cervantes’ classical readings allow him to outline in these chapters the evolution of Don Quixote, who acquires a twofold profile oscillating between wise sanity and crazy wisdom. The author delves into the human conflict between thought and action or between literature and life, a conflict that also affects Cervantes himself and appears to us readers as a contradictory mixture typical of the Baroque period in which both the character and its creator cohabit.

THE TRACES OF THE ROMAN MILITARY UNITS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE PRESENT BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

TRAGOVI RIMSKIH VOJNIH JEDINICA NA PODRUČJU DANAŠNJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE

Author(s): Enver Imamović / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 25/26/1990

Keywords: Roman military units; Bosnia and Herzegovina; territory;

A considerable number of monuments that proved the presence of the Roman army in several centuries was found in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The stay of the ten legions was proved (leglo VII Claudia p. f., legio XI p. f., leglo I Adiutrix, legio II Adiutrix, legio I Itaiica, legio X Gemina, legio XIV Gemma, legio V III Augusta, leglo V Macedonica, and legio IV Flavia). From the ranks of the auxiliary forces the presence of six cohorts was affirmed (cohors III Alpinorum, cohors I Beiganum, cohors I Lucensium, cohors V III voiuntariorum, cohors I Bracaraugustanorum), and from the cavalry troops the presence of the ala Claudia nova was established.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURFACE SURVEYS IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARY OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF TIMIȘOARA AND IN THE PERI-URBAN AREA (I). ARCHAEOLOGICAL REPERTOIRE OF GIROC COMMUNE (CHIȘODA AND GIROC LOCALITIES)

CERCETĂRI ARHEOLOGICE DE SUPRAFAȚĂ ÎN HOTARUL ADMINISTRATIV AL MUNICIPIULUI TIMIȘOARA ȘI ÎN ZONA PERIURBANĂ (I). REPERTORIUL ARHEOLOGIC AL COMUNEI GIROC (LOC. CHIȘODA, LOC. GIROC)

Author(s): Octavian-Cristian Rogozea,Dorel Micle,Constantin Adrian Boia / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 32/2022

Keywords: field survey; west Romaia; prehistory; antiquity; middle age;

Between 2019 and 2020 a series of surface surveys were carried out in the administrative border of the Giroc commune, with the aim of identifying new archaeological sites or re-identifying those already known. This research was determined by the drafting of the Archaeological Report for the General Urban Plan of the Giroc commune, a commune formed by the localities of Giroc and Chișoda. The field walkings revealed the existence of eight archaeological sites in the vicinity of Chișoda, three of which were already published (Chișoda–1/Livezi/Tell/Termocentrală, Chișoda–2/Valul Roman and Chișoda–3) and five were unknown. 33 new sites were identified within the boundaries of the town of Giroc (one partially located within the boundaries of the town of Rudicica) and four published sites (Giroc–1, Giroc–2/Mescal, Giroc–3/La Pruni și Giroc–6/La Nemți). Taken together, all the discoveries in this area represent 45 points of archaeological interest. Chronologically, most historical eras are represented, except for the Paleolithic and the early Neolithic.

Reconstructing the History of Acolhuacan: Don Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl and his Use of Codex Xolotl (17th Century)

La reconstrucción del pasado del Acolhuacan en los inicios del siglo XVII: Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl y su uso del "Códice Xolotl"

Author(s): Miguel Angel Ruz Barrio,Cristina Bosque Canton / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 36/2022

Keywords: Códice Xolotl; Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl; source criticism; ethnohistory; Mesoamerican codices

Codex Xolotl (c. 1540) and the texts written by historian Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl in the first half of the seventeenth century are two fundamental sources to approach the past of the Basin of Mexico and, more specifically, that of Acolhuacan. Many works have already referred to Alva Ixtlilxochitl’s use of this codex as a source for his work; however, few works have analyzed the possible relation between the additions in the codex and the texts of the historian. From a previous codicological analysis, which has allowed us to select two of the elements added to the original content of the codex, we study the link between these additions and the work of Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl. For this purpose, it has also been important to verify that Alva Ixtlilxochitl presents two different readings of the sections in which there are paintings added to the original content. Once the the link between the scenes and Alva Ixtlilxochitl’s readings of them has been identified, we consider the possible implications hereof.

Luxury tourism in the Alps at the turn of the century

Widok z werandy. Turystyka luksusowa w Alpach przełomu wieków

Author(s): Michael Wedekind / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2021

Keywords: tourism; grand hotels; perception of nature; bourgeoisie

Grand hotels had first been a metropolitan phenomenon before they emerged in remote regions of the Alps between the 1880s and the 1930s. This essay explores how these semi-public spaces and early places of modernity engaged with alpine scenery and shaped the very industry of mountain tourism. It analyses the relationship between elite tourism and the natural and social environment of the Alps.The success of mountain grand hotels was tied to increasing industrialization and a new understanding of travel. Their thoughtful detachment from space, time, and society was an expression of a business as much as of social philosophy. Throughout the fin-de-siècle, mountains served as a backdrop for the narrative of the époque’s scientific and technical progress and became subject to rational interpretation and economic exploitation. Mountain grand hotels were not only a key component of tourism infrastructure, but also the bold expression of a presumptuous occupation of spaces set away for tourism. Natural space had widely been turned into social space for visual and leisurely consumption, raising questions of authority, priority, appropriation, and imposition.By mapping the perception of mountains along the history of mountain grand hotels, this essay studies the sites, gazes, and environments of mountain tourism at the fin-de-siècle. It examines how the history of the mountain grand hotel conflates with the forces of colonialism, and capitalism and showcases how these spaces reflect the socio-economic transformations that ultimately paved the way for mountain mass tourism.