Search results for: DISPUTATIONES SCIENTIFICAE in All Content

Is Current Czech Society a Social Class-Based Society? The Validity of EGP and ESeC Class Schemes.

Je současná česká společnost sociálně třídní? Validita EGP a ESeC třídního schématu

Author(s): Tomáš Katrňák / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2012

Keywords: social class; class analysis; social stratification; Czech society; EGP; ESeC

Is Current Czech Society a Social Class-Based Society? The Validity of EGP and ESeC Class Schemes. The subject of this article is the EGP and ESeC class schemes and their validity for Czech society. The basic question is to what extent these two schemes identify differences in occupational conditions in Czech society. In the first part of the article, the author presents EGP and ESeC schemes, focuses on their theoretical grounds, and looks at the criteria that define social classes within these frameworks. In the second part of the article, the author tests whether these two class schemes really measure what they are supposed to – the criterion validity of EGP and ESeC is tested. After that, the author examines how much the two class schemes predict other social variables on the basis of theoretical expectations – the construct validity of EGP and ESeC is tested. Finally the author compares these two class schemes and discusses which of them is a more appropriate explanatory instrument of occupational inequalities, and the consequent differences in life outcomes in current Czech society. Sociológia 2012, Vol. 44 (No. 6: 678-703)

SAINT BASIL AND STUDITE MONASTICISM IN UKRAINE

SAINT BASIL AND STUDITE MONASTICISM IN UKRAINE

Author(s): Hlib Lonchyna / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2009

Keywords: Basile; Théodore le Sudite; Ukraine; monachisme; studite; règle.

Saint Basile et le monachisme studite en Ukraine. Après une brève présentation de la perspective basilienne sur la vie monastique, l’auteur cherche à discerner son influence sur le monachisme studite en Ukraine. Même si l’influence de la pensée basilienne sur Théodore le Sudite, le réformateur du monachisme ukrainien, n’est pas pleinement démontrable, elle s’est sans doute exercée dans ce contexte durant les siècles.

Bibliography

Použitá literatúra

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 03/2011

Bibliography

Inne wyzwania. Poezja Bogdana Czaykowskiego i Andrzeja Buszy w perspektywie dwukulturowoÊci

Inne wyzwania. Poezja Bogdana Czaykowskiego i Andrzeja Buszy w perspektywie dwukulturowoÊci

Author(s): Bożena Karwowska / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2012

(Other challenges: Bogdan Czaykowski’s and Andrzej Busza’s poetry in bicultural perspective) By Janusz Pasterski. Rzeszów: Rzeszów University Press, 2011. 360 pages. Bibliography, Index of names, English summary. ISBN 978-83-7338-611-2. Paper. In Polish.

Laudatio for Professor Jean Jolivet

In Professoris Johannis Jolivet honorem egregia laudatio

Author(s): Alexander Baumgarten / Language(s): Latin / Issue: 3-4/2005

Keywords: laudatio

Moral and Philosophical Values in Cicero’s Writings

Valori moral-filosofice în opera lui Cicero

Author(s): Stefan Cucu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 16/2005

Keywords: moral-philosophical values; temperance; wisdom; justice; generosity; bravery

This paper is a short presentation of the moral-philosophical conception of the great Roman speaker and philosopher Marcus Tullius Cicero, father of the famous concept of humanitas. The author analyses an important moral-philosophical value of Cicero and of other ancient thinkers: temperance (temperantia, moderatio), considered a fundamental virtue of the human being, besides wisdom (sapientia), justice (iustitia), generosity (liberalitas), bravery (fortitudo).

Didactic Values of Old and New Metaphysics

Walory dydaktyczne starej i nowej metafizyki

Author(s): Kazimierz Gryżenia / Language(s): / Issue: 1/2005

Reflections in the article are based on two treatises: Commentariorum in libros Metaphysicor- um Aristotelis by Peter Fonseca, who belonged to the first generation of Jesuit philosophers, and Disputationes metaphysicae by Francisco Suarez, the main exponent of the philosophies of the Jesuits. The authors of these treatises carry out their philosophical thoughts in two different ways. The first one wrote commentaries on separate volumes of Aristotle’s Metaphysics, the second one composed homogeneous, lucid and systematic work, which became a prototype of a modern school- book named course of philosophy. Research of the structure and contents of Commentariorum in the light of teaching rules included in Ratio studiorum shows that Fonseca’s work complied with requirements of the Ratio. The author was conversant with Aristotle’s views, distinguished himself at excellent knowledge of philology: successfully combined with renaissance humanism with philo- logical exactitude. He also turned out to be a great erudite, without any impartiality. Unfortunately, despite the indisputable qualities of his work, it became the successful and commonly used educa- tional guidance neither for professors nor for students. It was due to the fact that it was too volumi- nous to read and too difficult to comprehend. In consequence, Fonseca’s work is by far less im- portant than Suarez’s Disputationes metaphysicae.

ENRICO CARDINAL DANTE’S PARTICIPATION IN THE LITURGICAL REFORMS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. CONTRIBUTION TO THE ISSUE

UDZIAŁ ENRICO KARD. DANTEGO W REFORMACH LITURGICZNYCH XX WIEKU. PRZYCZYNEK DO ZAGADNIENIA

Author(s): Bartłomiej Krzysztof Krzych / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 23/2016

Keywords: Enrico Dante; Master of Papal Ceremonies; liturgical reform; Second Vatican Council

The official and unofficial files of the Second Vatican Council still contain elements that are yet to be investigated and analysed in detail. These comprise records of statements made by Church leaders participating in the Council. One of them is Enrico Cardinal Dante, a long-standing Master of Papal Ceremonies, liturgist, theoretician and practitioner. This article is an attempt to describe his participation in conciliar discussions on the liturgical reform. Investigation – based on collections of the archives of the Office of Papal Liturgical Celebrations and well-known and documented publications reporting conciliar events in detail – following the biography of the Italian Church leader, they detail his statements about issues such as Holy Communion under both kinds, concelebration, reform of the Holy Week and others. His statements and discussions demonstrate a moderate, conservative approach to the liturgical reform.

Was Arminius a Reformed Theologian? On Attitude of Arminius to His Own Theological Tradition

Czy Arminiusz był reformowanym teologiem? O stosunku Arminiusza do własnej tradycji teologicznej

Author(s): Damian Dorocki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 7/2018

Keywords: Jacob Arminius; Reformed theology; God’s sovereignty and glory; covenant theology; soteriology; predestination

Jacob Arminius is a figure historically associated with the Reformed tradition. His theology was in a large measure reflection of this tradition. However in some important points Arminius’ views were in open contradiction to the post-reformation Calvinism. This article attempts to find an answer for the question about theological identity of the Dutch reformer. The author proposes to struggle with this problem in reference to four theological themes, characteristic for Reformed Protestantism, that is: God’s sovereignty and glory, covenant theology, monergistic soteriology and predestination. The analysis, which has been made, indicates that Leiden’s professor strongly emphasized God’s sovereignty over the creation and affirmed the opinion that an ultimate end of divine actions, including salvific acts, is His glory. But lie never forget to add that the Creator by His external activity communicate His goodness. The Arminian covenant theology also fits into the stream of Reformed thought. Its shape docs not differ from the widely accepted interpretation of this issue in the era of “early orthodoxy.” The most important differences occur in the context of soteriology. Arminius’ understanding of the relation grace-free will differed from the radical monergistic Calvinism. Due to the doctrine of prevenient grace one can speak about limited synergism in his ease. So it is in the matter of predestination. God, according to the Dutch reformer, elects to salvation according to His foreknowledge concerning the free acceptance of the grace by man. He reprobates those who stubbornly remain in their sins and, in spite of the grace, do not want to convert. Ultimately, Arminius should be considered as a “critical” Reformed theologian.

Some Remarks on the Object of Metaphysics according to Francisco Suarez

Kilka uwag na temat przedmiotu metafizyki według Franciszka Suareza

Author(s): Danilo Facca / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 58supl./2013

Keywords: Suarez; metaphysics; Aristotle; scholastics; Patrizi;

The question of the unity of the metaphysics was among the outstanding and most discussed in the XVIth and XVIIth century both by scholastic philosophers and philologists-humanists interested primarily to the historical vicissitudes of the Aristotelian text and its reception. The paper highlights the Suarezian attitude towards this topics as a conservative one (in opposition to tendencies splitting metaphysics into ontology and theology), since the Spaniard elaborates a quite complex formula, confirming the unity of the object of metaphysics.

Nicholaus Copernicus’ Marginal Glosses in the Rare Books Collection of the Hosianum Library in Olsztyn, ed. by Tomasz Garwoliński, Hosianum Library in Olsztyn, Olsztyn 2016, pp. 383, col. illus., ISBN 978-83-945219-2-9

Zapiski Mikołaja Kopernika w drukach Biblioteki Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego Metropolii Warmińskiej „Hosianum” w Olsztynie, pod red. ks. Tomasza Garwolińskiego, Biblioteka WSD w Olsztynie, Olsztyn 2016, ss. 383, il. kolor., ISBN 978-83-945219-2-9

Author(s): Weronika Pawłowicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 45 (2)/2017

Sources for the Textual Commentary on the New Testament in 1593 Jakub Wujek’s Translation. The Study of Acts 2:14–36

Źródła dla komentarza tekstowego Nowego Testamentu w tłumaczeniu Jakuba Wujka z roku 1593. Studium Dz 2, 14–36

Author(s): Paulina Nicko-Stępień / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2017

Keywords: Reformation; Renaissance; Bible; Robert Bellarmine; Rheims; Peter’s primacy

The purpose of the study is to indicate the sources for a textual commentary to the New Testament in Jakub Wujek’s translation of 1593. The problem is presented on the example of the Acts 2:14–36. The Jesuit in his translatory work used the English Rheims New Testament of 1582, and Robert Bellarmine’s Latin commentary entitled Disputationes Christianae Fidei. The question of sources for the New Testament in Jakub Wujek’s translation has been almost completely unexplored or explored incorrectly. A comparative analysis of Wujek’s commentary with that of Bellarmine’s and of the Rheims New Testament has led to surprising conclusions: that Jakub Wujek, one of the most outstanding Bible translators in the sixteenth century, probably knew English, and his textual commentary to the New Testament of 1593 is a compilation of the two abovementioned texts. This means that as a Bible commentator Wujek was imitative and dependent on secondary sources, as he did not use texts by Church Fathers, but relied on quotations from their writings he found in other compendia.

Did Jakub Wujek Know English?

Czy Jakub Wujek znał angielski?

Author(s): Tadeusz Rubik / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2018

Keywords: Jakub Wujek; Wujek’s translation fo the Bible; connections between Polish and British Catolics

A deeply rooted literary conviction is that Jakub Wujek was the author of paratext of his translation of the New Testament (1593), Psalter (1594) and the entire Bible (1599). The latest research points at the problem raised as early as in 1989 by David Frick of dependence of a great part of the New Testament paratext edition (also in fragments which seem to be literal translation) on an English, Catholic source. The matter poses the question if Jakub Wujek knew English or if he took advantage of someone’s help. The present paper describes the degree of dependency of the two texts’ paratext and analyses the connections between Polish and British Catholics. As based on the prefaces to the editions of Wujek’s translation, it proves that no convincing evidence can point at Wujek as at a translator of the New Testament paratext. The author of the paper also analyses the possible research courses and perspectives which result from discerning the problem, and signals the necessity of verification the current state of art.

Na drodze do prawdy. (Olga Weijers, In Search of the Truth. A History of Disputation Techniques from Antiquity to Early Modern Times, Studies on the Faculty of Arts. History and Influence, Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2013)

Na drodze do prawdy. (Olga Weijers, In Search of the Truth. A History of Disputation Techniques from Antiquity to Early Modern Times, Studies on the Faculty of Arts. History and Influence, Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2013)

Author(s): Magdalena Ryszka-Kurczab / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3 (48)/2018

Was Arminius a Reformed Theologian? On Arminius’ Attitude to His Own Theological Tradition

Was Arminius a Reformed Theologian? On Arminius’ Attitude to His Own Theological Tradition

Author(s): Damian Dorocki / Language(s): English / Issue: 7EV/2018

Keywords: Jacob Arminius; Reformed theology; God’s sovereignty and glory; covenant theology; soteriology; predestination

Jacob Arminius is a figure historically associated with the Reformed tradition. His theology was in a large measure a reflection of this tradition. However, in some important points Arminius’ views were in open contradiction to post-Reformation Calvinism. This article is an attempt to find an answer to the question about the theological identity of the Dutch reformer. The author proposes to address this problem in reference to four theological themes characteristic of Reformed Protestantism, that is: God’s sovereignty and glory, covenant theology, monergistic soteriology, and predestination. The analysis indicates that Leiden’s professor strongly emphasized God’s sovereignty over creation and affirmed that the ultimate end of divine actions, including salvific acts, is His glory. But he never forgot to add that, by His external activity, the Creator communicates His goodness. Arminian covenant theology also fits into Reformed thought. Its shape does not differ from the widely accepted interpretation of this issue in the era of “early orthodoxy.” The most important differences occur in the context of soteriology. Arminius’ understanding of the relationship between grace and free will differed from the radical monergistic Calvinism. Due to the doctrine of prevenient grace, one can speak about limited synergism in his case. His perspective on the issue of predestination is the same. According to the Dutch reformer, God elects to salvation on the basis of His foreknowledge concerning the free acceptance of grace by man. He reprobates those who stubbornly remain in their sins and, in spite of the grace, refuse to convert. Therefore, ultimately, Arminius should be considered as a “critical” Reformed theologian.

Catholics in Politics: Martin Micura as a Deputy of the National Assembly

Katolíci v politike: Martin Mičura ako poslanec Národného zhromaždenia

Author(s): Peter Zmátlo / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: Martin Mičura;Deputy;Chamber of Deputies;National Assembly;

The article describes the activity of Martin Mičura, chairman of the Czechoslovak People's Party in Slovakia, as a member of the National Assembly in the years 1925–1939. Martin Mičura, as a deputy of a pro Czechoslovak party, always tried in his speeches to defend Slovaks in the common Czechoslovak Republic and look for solutions which would enable Slovakia to enjoy similar social conditions to those in the more developed Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. He was mostly involved in discussions about the budget for the next year and concentrated on questions and problems which, as a lawyer and an expert with practice in self governing structures, understood best judicial issues and questions of public administration and self government. He did not avoid other social areas and worked to help Slovakia in the economic, social, and cultural areas. His other “favourite” themes were church schools, sole traders and traders, taxes, transport, etc. In the 1930s, he began to comment on such key issues as the huge economic crisis and its consequences, the worsen¬ing situation in international politics and the increase in nationalism in connection with the expansion of totalitarian systems, especially Nazi Germany which began to abuse the Ger¬many minority in Czechoslovakia to its advantage. The aim of his speeches in debates on international politics was to protect a democratic and unitary Czechoslovakia which, from the mid 1930s, was in increasing danger from undemocratic, autocratic, and totalitarian systems which gradually destroyed the Versailles Peace Treaty. He worked as a deputy of the Czechoslovak People's Party in Slovakia in various parliamentary committees, notably as chairman of the constitutional and juridical committee in the years 1925–1935.

Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto – the imperative of the principle of humanitas in views on slavery derived from natural law. M.T. Cicero’s views on the subject of slavery and slaves

Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto – the imperative of the principle of humanitas in views on slavery derived from natural law. M.T. Cicero’s views on the subject of slavery and slaves

Author(s): Olgierd Sebastian Nowak / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2020

Keywords: Marcus Tullius Cicero; philosophical works; speeches; Cicero’s letters; philosophy; law of nature; natural law; Roman Republic; slavery; slave status; humanism; humanity; ­justice; humankind; social

The phenomenon of slavery existed throughout the entire period of the ancient world and met with interest from both Greek and Roman philosophers. Despite the emerging views of various philosophers criticizing slavery as a social phenomenon, no theory of slavery was formulated then. The philosopher who-, in both his works and correspondence, included numerous references to the situation of slaves and the institution of slavery was M.T. Cicero. Searching for humanism in Cicero’s views on the above-mentioned issue, attention was drawn to the principles of the Stoic doctrine, within which the concept of human freedom was formulated, and to the essence of natural law. These concepts made it possible to analyse the discussed problem in the context of the words of Terence Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto. And as regards humanism in Cicero’s views, it is evident when he recognizes a human being in a slave; when he says that the principles of justice must be observed towards people from the lowest rank, which is the rank of slaves; when he firmly states that slavery is among the worst things that can happen to the human being. On the other hand, we see Cicero’s completely different views on slaves when he talks about punishing slaves, „keeping a tight rein on them,” or „destiny by nature for the best to rule others, and with great benefit for weaker beings”; also when he emphasizes his negative attitude towards the liberation of slaves. To conclude it should be emphasised that this characteristic feature of Cicero, namely his lack of uniformity of views on various philosophical doctrines, which we can also find in his views on slavery and the rank of slaves, does not prevent us from seeing a humanist in Cicero who, with his sense of justice, advocating the stoic doctrine and the principles of natural law, moved very slowly towards the stoic moral philosophy and all the ethical principles that Christianity would bring.

Francisco Suárez as a Bridge between Scholasticism and Modern Philosophy

Франсиско Суарес като мост между схоластиката и философията на Новото време

Author(s): Aleksandar Spirdonov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2021

Keywords: Francisco Suárez; René Descartes; scholasticism; Modernity; hylomorphism; essentialism; ontology; general metaphysics; special metaphysics;

This article addresses the problem of the position of the Spanish theologian and philosopher Francisco Suárez (1548–1617) in the history of philosophy, delineating the main parameters of his system and establishing the profound influence he has on modern philosophers. The author examines the parallel views that produce ties of continuity between René Descartes and Francisco Suárez. The article devotes attention to Suarez’s conception of “formal concept”, which leads to a new interpretation of truth that differs from the Thomistic one. The author reaches the conclusion that the essentialism, logicism and subjectivism in the epistemology and ontology of the scholastic philosopher from Salamanca condition to a significant degree the development and specific contents of modern philosophical though. This conclusion, repeatedly noted by Heidegger, poses the question of the need to reconsider Suarez’s place in the history of philosophy.

IN PROFESSORIS JOHANNIS JOLIVET HONOREM EGREGIA LAUDATIO

Laudatio for Professor Jean Jolivet

Author(s): Alexander Baumgarten / Language(s): French / Issue: 3-4/2005

Keywords: Philosophy

Celsissimum honorem nobis praebet praesentia in medio nostrae antiquissimae et almissimae universitatis illustrissimi professoris Johannis Jolivet, qui honorificus in Lutetiae Parisiorum Superiorum Studiorum Pragmatica Schola studiorum praefectus necnon primarius in praecipua professorum ac Medii Aevi scientiarum scrutatorum, quos longiqua Europea universitaria traditio in nostri saeculi luminis oris constituit, generatione vir est. Felix quidem privilegium omnibus Medii Aevi studiorum cultoribus pari modo praebet ipsorum in egregiam professoris visitationem salutatio.

Freedom as an Aim of Education

Freedom as an Aim of Education

Author(s): Zuzana Svobodová / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2022

Keywords: education; freedom; care; soul; Educator; culture

The second editorial of the journal Theology and Philosophy of Education. Freedom is described as an aim of culture, care of the soul, education.