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Keywords: quality management; supply chain; supply chain management; logistics service provider
Quality can have a number of dimensions, but it cannot exist on its own – it is usually part of the product and/or service. Most often, the consumer perceives the level of quality by evaluating one or more of its dimensions. The concept of quality in this report is considered as part of the consumer value, which is typical in the provision of logistics services. When a logistics service provider organization manages the supply chain to its customers, it is important not only to deliver the product to the consumer in the appropriate quality manages all movement and storage of raw materials, offers appropriate IT capabilities and customizes the solutions it offers. It is a challenge for logistics service providers to offer their customers quality supply chain management. The aim of the report is to present the essence of quality management in supply chains, as a link between traditional supply chain operations and quality management. Comparison methods and affinity diagram were used, which reveals the relationship between quality management in the supply chain (ATM) and supply chain (ATM), supply chain management (ATM) and quality management (AQ). The case study method was used for in-depth examination of an organization that offers supply chain management solutions.
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Keywords: inventory management; ABC analysis; XYZ analysis
One of the key factors for ensuring the achievement of business aims is related to the proper inventory management in the logistics system. Before moving on to the selection of appropriate methods for optimal management of each specific stock type, it is necessary to classify the whole nomenclature in order of importance according to certain criteria, most often using the methods of analysis ABC and XYZ. The application of these methods involves the usage of classification criteria for total value of stocks or the ability to forecast stock needs accurately. This report puts a stress on the possibility and benefits of applying a classification method using two significant criteria – stock value and delivery time for the next batch of stocks.
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Keywords: human capital; rural areas; Poland
Тhe category of human capital is one of the most important categories in modern economic theory. The concept of human capital is defined as a set of knowledge, skills, health, strength and life energy contained in the human being. The purpose of this part of the publication is an attempt to analyze selected determinants for the formation of human capital and areas of activity that improve the quality of human capital in rural areas in Poland over the past fifteen years. The analysis covers the level of education, educational activity and civilizational competencies of the rural population, and selected issues related to the protection of public health.
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Keywords: rural areas; agricultural model; structural changes
The aim of the study is to reveal the problems of structural changes in the agricultural sector of the Northeast region. The analysis uses statistical data for the period of our country's membership in the EU. To assess the importance of agriculture in the region and the trends in its development, are presented data from expert assessment of specialists from the regional offices of the State Fund „Agriculture“ and the National System of Agricultural Advice. On this basis, the peculiarities of the formed model of agriculture in the Northeast region are derived in terms of changes in the size of farms, production specialization, organizational parameters, diver sification of activities, application of agri-environmental practices and others.
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Keywords: Bulgarian; renarrative; fake news; evidentiality
everal issues related to the category of evidentiality in the Bulgarian language are raised in the article. On the one hand, the article deals with renarrative in journalistic headlines, regardless of whether journalists use it intentionally and whether the use of renarrative is a real renarrative or is the homonym past indefinite form - perfect for constatation, in indicative. As for the different uses of this grammatical homonymy, the question is whether a clear semantic distinction can be made between these two cases. On the other hand, when the renarrative is deliberately used by journalists, it serves as an alibi for the news author to distance himself from the unreliable, incorrect content of the information, but at the same time to share that information. As a consequence of this assumption for use of renarrative as an alibi, the renarrative can be seen as one of the linguistic markers of fake news.
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Keywords: contrastive study; perception verbs; complements; complementizers
The paper presents part of a contrastive study on stative predicates. The observations are focused on the verbs виждам – видя and видеть – увидеть and their clausal complements’ realisation in Bulgarian and Russian. The research aims at demonstrating the correlation of the conjunctions че, да, как and respectively что, чтобы, как in the two languages.
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Keywords: prophet Jeremiah; St. Gregory of Nazianzus; vocabulary; lexicology; history of Bulgarian language
The article examines the vocabulary of the two Old Bulgarian translations of Orations of St. Gregory of Nazianzus. The analysis is focused on the transmission of a biblical reference from the prophet Jeremiah in the context of everyday life of the Bulgarian medieval society. A new hypothesis is proposed for the understanding of дъмьии – a lexeme unique for Slavonic medieval literature.
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Keywords: names for living places; medieval conceptosphere; history of the Bulgarian literary language
This study presents the linguistic and semantic realizations of the concept “living places” in the New Bulgarian damascenes from the 17th century. A system of words and collocations and their use in different contexts are analyzed in view of their connection with Christian culture and with the medieval picture of the world. The process of enrichment of the names for living places in the history of the Bulgarian language and of the changes in the conceptual content of the words and collocations is followed.
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Keywords: approximatives; numerals; corpus-based studies; parallel corpus; Bulgarian language; Ukrainian language
The category of approximate numeral quantification (approximative) is still insufficiently researched both on a typological scale and in individual languages, in particular Slavic. Here we investigate the uses of Bulgarian approximative numerals of the type desetina ‘ten or so’ or stotina-dvesta ‘about a hundred or two’ in a parallel corpus of Bulgarian and Ukrainian fiction. These numerals have no direct counterparts in Ukrainian, so the lexical units and syntactic constructions which correspond to them and their statistical parameters are of interest for linguistic theory as well as the practice of translation.
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Keywords: Optimum Currency Areas; Economic Convergence; Eurozone; Budget Deficit; Government Debt
The eurozone was created with the goal of economic convergence between its members. The Maastricht Treaty defined four convergence criteria – price stability, sound government finances, durability of convergence (measured by the long-term interest rate), and exchange rate stability. This paper analyses the developments during the 1999-2020 period in the field of sound government finances, as it is the only convergence criterion which continued to apply after eurozone membership and is by far the most important element of financial stability in the eurozone. According to the Maastricht framework, eurozone members are supposed to keep their annual budget deficits within 3% of GDP and their total government debt below 60% of GDP. In practice, the budget deficit threshold has been frequently exceeded – even by the largest economies in the eurozone – and as a consequence nowadays only a minority of eurozone members have government debt levels below 60% of GDP. It would not be an exaggeration to suggest that the financial framework of the Maastricht Treaty has been severely compromised: in 2020, the debt levels of nearly 1/3 of the euro area countries were well over 100% of GDP – even reaching 155.8% in the case of Italy, and 205.6% in the case of Greece.
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Keywords: Tax Incentive; R&D; Corporate Income Taxation; Development Activities
Tax incentives are known in various forms in the domestic legislation of many states. They also appear in the Bulgarian tax law in the separate substantive tax acts. Their specific purpose and determine their diverse manifestation. For the purposes of the current study, attention will be paid to the provision of Art. 69 Corporate Income Tax Act (CITA) and its relationship with research and development activities (R&D). In this regard, future author’s recommendations on this issue will be proposed, taking into account the good practices in some states.
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Keywords: Breaches; Information on Breaches; Facilitator
The article examines the measures proposed by the EU to protect persons who are obliged or on their own initiative to signal transactions and actions aimed at money laundering. The European legislator takes very seriously the need to create security guarantees for whistle-blowers and their families. As a result of serious and in-depth research, the European legislator has come to the conclusion that the adoption of a special directive introducing safeguards for such leases is particularly urgent.
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Keywords: CAP; Sustainability of the Agricultural Sector; Economic Development; Future of the Program
Based on an analysis, this article presents the theoretical and methodological framework of the new challenges in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), accompanied by increasing relevance to EU support for the sustainability of the agricultural sector. Hereof, the aim of the article is to study the full economic and social potential of the program in order to derive the contribution pointed at the economic development of agricultural areas for the reference period. To achieve this goal, the possible difficulties faced by the program are outlined and ways to improve and successfully implement the new programming period are proposed. The main methods used for the needs of the research are: comparative analysis for presentation of the surveyed information; graphical method and formation of generalizations. The analysis covers a study of a number of indicators to assess the future of this policy, by analyzing the general and specific objectives of the CAP on the modernization and implementation of actions for sustainable farms.
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Keywords: geographical indication; management; intellectual property
The presented report explains the nature of geographical indications as objects of intellectual property. The regulatory framework and systems for registration of geographical indications at the national, regional and global level have been reviewed. The economic functions and advantages of the use of geographical indications are indicated with reference to economic studies. The counterfeiting of goods with geographical indications are commented on. The existing challenges for business entities related to the use of geographical indications for goods are highlighted. Examples of good practice in the use of geographical indications for goods are given.
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Keywords: artificial intelligence; climate change; environmental security; ethics
The author considers the climate change as a substantial element of the environmental security. The legal framework and policies for adapting to climate change in Bulgaria take into account the international legal commitments and the EU legislation. The presentation highlights the dual role of artificial intelligence (AI) concerning climate change, namely, AI as a contributor to climate change and AI as a supporter of climate change mitigation and adaptation.
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Keywords: artificial intelligence; Russia; China; USA; asymmetric threats
Artificial intelligence is the future of all humanity, and by betting on AI, Russia sees itself in direct geopolitical competition with the US and China, but it lags behind in science and development in this area. Politically, the Russian government is unlikely to dramatically increase investment in emerging technologies, given the country's old hydrocarbon-based extractive economy. For Russian strategic thought in foreign policy, information warfare is an integral part and the line between conventional and asymmetric warfare is blurred. In order for Europe and the US to cope with the new type of hyper-war caused by AI, a dynamic model of countering asymmetric threats must be developed. Governments, large non-profit organizations should also invest in research that will assess the short-term and long-term consequences of the use of AI.
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Keywords: NATO; artificial intelligence; big data; strategy; digital sovereignty; armed forces; national security
The report explains the security and defense challenges associated with the introduction of artificial intelligence into the social and economic life of NATO countries. The main strategic documents and conceptual lines for the development of AI in the Alliance are reviewed. The report has drawn attention to the existing gap between small and powerful countries, which cannot be overcomed. This is an opportunity for all opponents of NATO. Allies' understanding and commitment to technological superiority face many challenges that have the potential to hinder their ambitions for AI leadership.
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Keywords: artificial intelligence; corporate security
The synergy between technical advancement, the search for higher business results and human intelligence is mandatory as a factor for corporate security, and the intersection between artificial intelligence as an innovation and corporate security is only possible through the bridge of human judgment.
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Keywords: innovation; entrepreneurship; artificial intelligence; corporate security
The intersection points in the triad – innovation, entrepreneurship and artificial intelligence and corporate security show that a balance is needed between the pace of development of innovation and artificial intelligence and the adaptation of different social groups, as well as the retraining of the workforce in accordance with the technological changes of business processes and change in the business environment as a whole.
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