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Quality journalism and a new communication environment Cover Image

Качествена журналистика и нова комуникационна среда
Quality journalism and a new communication environment

International Scientific Conference of FJMC, held on 29-30.10.2020

Contributor(s): Vesselina Valkanova (Editor), Andreana Eftimova (Editor), Efrem Efremov (Editor), Nikolai Mihailov (Editor), Teodora Petrova (Editor)
Subject(s): Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
Published by: Факултет по журналистика и масова комуникация, Софийски университет „Св. Кл. Охридски”
Keywords: quality; journalism; communication; environment
Summary/Abstract: This volume “Quality Journalism and a New Communication Environment” collects the reports of the International Scientific Conference held on October 29 and 30, 2020 in Sofia under the same title and organized by the Faculty of Journalism and Mass Communication at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. The conference took place in a difficult time of pandemic and critical point of our media ecosystem and was conducted through the video conferencing platform Microsoft Teams. Namely in crisis situations such as the current pandemic situation, which put the participants of the conference behind the cameras and microphones of computers, and not in a common conference room, we can see a return of confidence in traditional media that do not fabricate news, check facts, without speculation on people's fears. Despite the unusual way of holding the conference managed to achieve its goals: to meet journalists with many years of experience, researchers, scientists and teachers from Bulgaria, Europe and the world and to highlight the main issues related to quality media and the challenges to journalism in the new communication environment.

  • E-ISBN-13: 978-619-7567-08-3
  • Print-ISBN-13: 978-619-7567-07-6
  • Page Count: 504
  • Publication Year: 2021
  • Language: English, Bulgarian
The issue that is on the agenda today is: the future of quality journalism

The issue that is on the agenda today is: the future of quality journalism
(The issue that is on the agenda today is: the future of quality journalism)

  • Author(s):Nico Drok
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:21-24
  • No. of Pages:4
  • Keywords:future; quality;journalism;
  • Summary/Abstract:The issue that is on the agenda today is: the future of quality journalism. This is an important and urgent issue. Throughout Europe, quality journalism is under pressure. We can no longer take the existence of good professional journalism for grante
Journalism, Society, New Media and AI

Journalism, Society, New Media and AI
(Journalism, Society, New Media and AI)

  • Author(s):Bijay Singh
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:25-27
  • No. of Pages:3
  • Keywords:Journalism; Society; New Media; AI
  • Summary/Abstract:The relationship between journalism and society is symbiotic. Society contains history of millions of years, on the other hand media or mass media has a history of a little bit over a century, but both depend on each other for sustainability. Apart from number of other factors on which society’s survival depends, communication is a crucial system among them, by which peoplein society get information, education, knowledge and entertainment throughcommunication. Started with a handwritten news bulletin and then manualprinting, now the print media has recorded tremendous growth and developmentin terms of news collection, reporting, designing, color, layouts, presentation,printing and page quality etc. After print radio and television newshave changed the life and style of information.
Quality and excellence can be reached in journalism through a systematic – approach

Quality and excellence can be reached in journalism through a systematic – approach
(Quality and excellence can be reached in journalism through a systematic – approach)

  • Author(s):Giulio Pecora
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:28-30
  • No. of Pages:3
  • Keywords:quality; excellence; journalism; systematic approach;
  • Summary/Abstract:Like all other professions, quality and excellence can be reached in journalism in the first place through a systematic approach, an approach that inevitably requires hard work.
The media illiteracy “virus”

The media illiteracy “virus”
(The media illiteracy “virus”)

  • Author(s):Vanya Bozhilova
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:31-38
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:media; journalists; media audiences; media content; media literacy; new concept
  • Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent of changing media environment and how to broaden the scope of media literacy concept. The new media ecosystem requires the development of a multimodal approach to media literacy. Based on а recent sociological research this thesis gives an answer of the questions: How do new media audiences consider their responsibilities in its parallel role as media content consumers and creators, especially in time of crisis? Do nowadays anyone with a smartphone and a social networking profile could claim being a journalist? The main finding of this research is an understanding for a new concept of media literacy, which becomes more and more visible and important in times of crisis. This new concept is needed to add a set of ethical standards for the audiences besides the ability to access, understand and evaluate media content critically, essential skills of inquiry and self-expression.
Журналистика за решенията ‒ модел на критична и контролна функция

Журналистика за решенията ‒ модел на критична и контролна функция
(Decision journalism – a model of critical and control function)

  • Author(s):Maria Popova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:41-54
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:solutions journalism; social media; user-generated content; audience; Bulgaria; positive news
  • Summary/Abstract:Solutions journalism presents solutions to the important social problems, but not the dramatic and negative information, that could attract the audience attention. Usually it is defined as kind of positive journalism, which stress on topics like mutual assistants, volunteering, social and personal support, good news, positive judgments. Main focus of the research is the possibility to connect solutions journalism with user-generated content models. The research uses part of the media content analysis, realised by media analysis agency “Perseptica”, of three cases from 2019.
Първият закон за рекламата в България – историческа перспектива и съвременна рефлексия

Първият закон за рекламата в България – историческа перспектива и съвременна рефлексия
(The first law on advertising in Bulgaria – a historical perspective and modern reflection)

  • Author(s):Kamen Kamenov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:55-62
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:advertising; law; communication; media; finances
  • Summary/Abstract:The subject of the article is the first law for advertising in Bulgaria, voted in 1921 during the government of the Bulgarian Agricultural National Union. The political, economic and social reality of the time are taken into account. Presented are its essence and purpose on the base of content analysis. M. Turlakov, minister of finances, has proposed the law. This is an indicative fact for its nature. It pursues fiscal incidence for sure. It is being analyzed as a revenue intention but also as an act legitimizing advertising in a society that is starting to modernize and industrialize. An activity that is under legislation is for sure legitimate and significant. However, there still stands the question, was there real need for such a law. The reference is to now days – how do we deal with reality without such a law.
Журналистика без маски ‒ българската медийна среда в анкетата на АЕЖ за свободата на словото през 2020 г

Журналистика без маски ‒ българската медийна среда в анкетата на АЕЖ за свободата на словото през 2020 г
(Journalism without a mask. Bulgarian media environment in the survey of AEJ-Bulgaria in 2020)

  • Author(s):Iliya Valkov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:63-77
  • No. of Pages:15
  • Keywords:media freedom; pressure; journalism; AEJ-Bulgaria; survey
  • Summary/Abstract:External pressure from political centers of power, greater than that exerted by economic entities, advertisers, state and municipal institutions. Self-censorship, which is becoming an unwritten norm. Neglected and arrogant attitude from the institutions towards critical media. This shows the 5th study of AEJ-Bulgaria on the media environment in the country. It includes various indicators: working conditions in the media, problem areas such as internal and external pressure on the media, self-censorship. And gives the participants in the survey to outline the possible solutions to the registered problems.
Професионалните медии в България и гражданската журналистика ‒ взаимодействие и влияние при водната криза в Перник

Професионалните медии в България и гражданската журналистика ‒ взаимодействие и влияние при водната криза в Перник
(The professional media in Bulgaria and the citizen journalism – interaction and influence during the water crisis in Pernik)

  • Author(s):Emilia Milcheva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:78-86
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:media; citizen journalism,; civil society; institutions; Pernik; crisis
  • Summary/Abstract:Media is “the fourth pillar of democracy”, but there is also a fifth – the power of civic journalism combined with the power of technology. The interaction and interpenetration between professional and citizen journalism is the future of the media. In Bulgaria, this process is developing slowly, but changes are already noticeable, albeit weak. This conclusion is supported by a study of the publications of four media outlets about the water crisis in Pernik.
Ново медийно изкуство – онтология и конфликти

Ново медийно изкуство – онтология и конфликти
(New media art – ontology and conflicts)

  • Author(s):Atanas Lozanov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:89-98
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:newmedia; digitalarts; tiktok; videoart; remixculture
  • Summary/Abstract:The line: “Good artists copy; great artists steal”, attributed to Pablo Picasso and appropriated by Steve Jobs in a way in 1995. It is the basis of many of the aesthetic and artistic endeavors that engage modern technology. The long and complicated way of the new level of this art was inspired by the future as a human dimension or a framed mind: a blind point of view. Video art and experimental film were only the harbingers of the coming with fanfare reality at the same time when humanity and the machine shall be under a common denominator in all aspects of our well known life. Perhaps, it would be the virtual recipe for our information technology existence or the long-awaited immortality. Let us embrace each other! The new media art is at risk: of ignorance, truly non-understanding of its historical path about the inherited features of protoforms, semantic markers, sensitive and multivisual concepts embedded in their creative code. This deficit requires knowledge of the “alphabet” of the conventional so as to “break it down”, and, in turn, understand, respect, control or improve it. The warm breath behind us… The Fifth Information Revolution is more than palpable under the rule of digital natives. Only if we could appreciate the chronotype power, then we could rule the free will. It is just a matter of waves, digital frequencies and certain DNA art affiliations.
Документалните филми и формирането на историческа и медийна култура

Документалните филми и формирането на историческа и медийна култура
(Formation of historical and media culture and ethics through historical documentaries)

  • Author(s):Radoslav Spasov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:99-107
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:media culture; history; documentaries; ethics;fake news;
  • Summary/Abstract:An important place in the research of historical knowledge is occupied by their media interpretation. In this case, the formation of historical and media culture and the observance of ethical principles is very important. In recent years, more and more media have started producing films that have a historical focus and this topic continues to be still interesting for visual realization. Thus, the creation of products that deal with the problems of the past should not be underestimated or created without mandatory training in libraries, archives and consultations with specialists in the relevant periods.
Мимолетният образ

Мимолетният образ
(Ephemeral images)

  • Author(s):Iosif Astrukov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:108-115
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:digital images, photography; fleeting; collage; media;pop culture;
  • Summary/Abstract:Photography today became a pop culture and images in general are ephemeral – they appear and disappear in a matter of days, serving a short lived causes in a continuously hungry for visual references environment. This article will analyze some of the fundamental tendencies of the images nowadays, as they became something different than a keeper and preserver of information, which was the main purpose of the documentary photography for example. The turnaround or the transition of the roles author-spectator changes the communicational channels in society. The ocean of images today serves multiple functions, but paradoxically appears quite ephemeral.
Комуникационен дизайн и дигитална журналистика

Комуникационен дизайн и дигитална журналистика
(Communication design and digital journalism)

  • Author(s):Vesselina Valkanova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:119-128
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:communication; design; digital journalism; content organization; mobile environment
  • Summary/Abstract:The article analyzes the fundamentally important issues that the rapid development of mobile Internet use poses to editors, publishers and designers about the forms of presentation of journalistic content and what transformations of creation and layout are able to be adaptable and profitable in the new environment and for new reception. Because the analog world and its conventions and postulates must be based on smartphones, tablets and the latest generations of technical devices, and the journalistic narrative must change, taking advantage of digitalization and improving its forms of presentation for new platforms. The mobile web, which has been booming since the widespread penetration of smartphones, along with responsive design featuring readable and optically relevant visions on different in size and characteristics visualization ports and end devices, mark the development of online communication in recent years. Navigating users through digital content requires orientation and action in a variable interface, in different virtual spaces, in order to provide access to the desired information.
Специфика на дизайнерския подход при създаване на медийни продукти за деца

Специфика на дизайнерския подход при създаване на медийни продукти за деца
(Specifics of the design approach when creating media products for children)

  • Author(s):Velichka Minkova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:129-137
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:media design, composition; children; communication;artistic techniques;
  • Summary/Abstract:At first glance, the professional media design for children is a creative activity similar to other design practices. However, a more in-depth analysis shows that it isa complex and responsible task, because the child perceives the presented information with the untainted senses of it’s little life experience. The children‘s media design carries important messages, evoking thoughts, emotions and forms attitudes. The purposeful activity of the designer, in his role of author of the material world of the child, is based not only on good professional training, but also on in-depth knowledge in the field of pedagogy, psychology, ergonomics, etc. The article presents some specific features of design, from the point of view of professional practice.
Новите форми на дизайн на книгата ‒ от Ел Лисицки до Кеня Хара

Новите форми на дизайн на книгата ‒ от Ел Лисицки до Кеня Хара
(The new forms of book design ‒ From El Lissitzky to Kenya Hara)

  • Author(s):Maya Stoyanova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:138-145
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:book design; UX; U; multimodal design; haptic design; design concepts;
  • Summary/Abstract:The present study provides an analytical reading of the conceptual views of iconic designers and theorists of visual and graphic communication in the last century on the forms of book design. Currently, the combination of efficient UX and UI design is the most popular and widely accepted concept of “form of design“ such as user experience design and interface design, used in digital and even traditional print media. We are all witnessing the application of this concept in various areas of digital communication. The design itself is a tool and a form of communication that acts as a translator of information, something that both UX and UI design are committed to, but the need for design to emerge more and more clearly additional meaning of the information, sensory, which is secondary, but concluding and enriching the meaning of the initial primary information transmitted through the message. This role is assigned today to multimodal design. In this regard, the current questions need to be answered: is UX and UI design multimodal, what is the difference between user experience design, efficient interface design and multimodal design, and why multimodal design is the design of the near future according to a number of designers and researchers?
COVID-19 – комуникационна ситуация и медийна рефлексия

COVID-19 – комуникационна ситуация и медийна рефлексия
(Covid-19 – communication situation and media reflection)

  • Author(s):Svetlana Stankova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:149-162
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:COVID-19; communication situation; media reflection; event markers; communication dominants; addressee; media message
  • Summary/Abstract:The importance of the media as a mediator, as the “extensions of man“(Mcluhan) is crucial for citizens when informing about or interpreting significant events. That`s why, this study aims to analyze a media as a channel in the communication situation related to spreading of COVID-19 in Bulgaria in the spring of 2020. The focus is on the reflection of this situation by the online media dnevnik.bg. It is chosen among the most visited ones, according to the global counter alexa.com (ranking for the Bulgarian online media in2020). The research paper analyses the interpretative publications on the topic in the period April 4, 2020 – May 2, 2020. Using the method of quantitative and qualitative content analysisthе study is seeking to answer the following research question: to what extent media messages of dnevnik.bg during the first peak of COVID-19 in Bulgaria are relevant/irrelevant to the communication pandemic situation? In this regard the research also tries to answer some other specifying questions: what is the context of the communication situation? what are the event markers in the coverage? who is the communicators/addressees? what are the subject and purpose of their messages? what are the communication dominants in the messages? what is the predominant arguments? what is the general expressed author’s attitude?
Коронавирус наратив: прогнозите след предизвикателствата

Коронавирус наратив: прогнозите след предизвикателствата
(The coronavirus narrative: predictions after the challenges)

  • Author(s):Valery Marinov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:163-176
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:coronavirus narrative; television; news; Covid-19; health care; economy
  • Summary/Abstract:This paper discusses the practices of television in Bulgaria in covering the unfolding of the COVID-19 crisis in the country. The research is centered on the central news bulletin of the Bulgarian National Television, the only public service media with national coverage, during the period 13 March – 12 April 2020, the first month of the emergency situation in the country. The methods used are observation and frame analysis of the news bulletins structure as well as analysis of the coverage of the coronavirus epidemic and its impact on the society. The expected result is to uncover the process how television news are shaping the new normal under Covid-19 in society, economy and the health care system. Based on the approaches to the theme and the communication process challenges some predictions are made on how public service TV media in Bulgaria should evolve in the near future.
Фалшиви новини (Fake news) в социалната мрежа FB по време на пандемията COVID 19

Фалшиви новини (Fake news) в социалната мрежа FB по време на пандемията COVID 19
(Fake news on the social network Facebook during the COVID-19 pandemic)

  • Author(s):Asya Asenova-Todorova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:177-188
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:fake news;social networks; social media; post-truth; media literacy; attention economy;
  • Summary/Abstract:Modern people receive the predominant amount of information indirectly not through personal experience and media have a huge share as a provider of information. In recent years, more and more people are turning to websites and social media to keep up with current events and news stories. The number of websites and news articles with dubious credibility is growing in direct proportion. The instantaneous nature of social networks —combined with the attention economy fuelling Facebook, incentivizes attention-grabbing misinformation. During an emergency or in a time of anxiety, online users tend to share unverified information. News and social media are full of information about the coronavirus pandemic. But not all information is objective, useful and important. Given the potential for creating fake news on the topic of coronavirus and their rapid spread on social networks (especially Facebook), this report analyzes the typical characteristics of misinformation and aims to increase media literacy of users.
Ретро звезди по време на пандемия – медийни ефекти от завръщането на архивния спорт на телевизионния екран

Ретро звезди по време на пандемия – медийни ефекти от завръщането на архивния спорт на телевизионния екран
(COVID-19: Media effects from the return of archivе sports on the TV screen)

  • Author(s):Georgi Filipov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:189-200
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:content;sports media; Covid-19; broadcasting; journalism; documentary; Olympic games; sports coverage; sports events; archives;
  • Summary/Abstract:Sports media have faced an unusual challenge with the announcement of the Cocvid-19 pandemic in March 2020, as all sports life worldwide stopped for more than two months. They had to find alternative solutions to keep them in the spotlight. At the same time, the financial flows from subscription fees did not have to be interrupted. This article discusses the different approaches in filling the gap of live sports content and possible solutions in the production of emergency television products. The good practices and solutions that could be developed in future crises in world sports are also considered.
Новите функции на разследващата журналистика при изобличаването на дезинформацията онлайн и в частност на фалшивите новини в условията на пандемия.

Новите функции на разследващата журналистика при изобличаването на дезинформацията онлайн и в частност на фалшивите новини в условията на пандемия.
(Investigative journalism as a tool against online disinformation in a pandemic)

  • Author(s):Dimitar Stoyanov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:201-210
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:pandemic; propaganda; fake news; misinformation; moral panic
  • Summary/Abstract:In a time of pandemic, the rapid disclosure of misinformation proves to be a paramount task for the media along with informing. Informed choice is becoming an increasingly difficult task for the audience. Journalists must overcome both the flow of misinformation and censorship to successfully meet the standards of quality journalism.
Политическата комуникация по време на пандемията в България – управлението през социалните мрежи

Политическата комуникация по време на пандемията в България – управлението през социалните мрежи
(Political communication during a pandemic - governance through social networks)

  • Author(s):Stoyanka Balova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:213-223
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:coronavirus; pandemic; political communication; social networks; Facebook
  • Summary/Abstract:This article discusses political communication during the first wave of coronavirus – March-June 2020. The development presents an analysis of the communicative capabilities of social networks and the use of the tools “life stream”, “information portal” and “hashtag” to direct messages and information during a pandemic. The thesis, which aims to prove through the research, is that the political debate regarding the measures to overcome the coronavirus infection has been shifted from a discussion in the legislature to posts on social networks.
Управление на онлайн репутацията на българския бизнес в новата комуникационна среда

Управление на онлайн репутацията на българския бизнес в новата комуникационна среда
(Management of the online reputation of the Bulgarian business in the new communication environment)

  • Author(s):Miroslava Tsenkova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:224-233
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:online reputation; Bulgarian companies; data protection; cyber risk; cyber threat; cyber insurance; new communication environment
  • Summary/Abstract:The global Covid-19 pandemic has faced unusual situations and challenges for businesses. The imposed measures and restrictions on the organizations could lead to serious losses, which have not only material dimensions, but also intangible consequences in the long run, related to the lack of trust and outflow of customers. Managing the online reputation of Bulgarian business in the new communication environment requires adequate implementation of effective communication strategies and targeted actions with the help of digital tools. Pre-prepared and working anti-crisis plans, good information and preparation, as well as quick finding of flexible answers and solutions in the conditions of various challenges, which would ensure the security of the organization in the network, are essential. The resulting pandemic situation has further increased the digital communication of business, which has created preconditions for hackers to expand the perimeter of cyber attacks and cybercrime. The capabilities of Bulgarian companies to protect their online reputation are not yet the subject of sufficient research in our country. The present study aims to trace the actions taken by companies in Bulgaria to prevent corporate reputation in the network. At the same time, the aim is to outline the extent of the use of personal data protection mechanisms, as well as to monitor the implementation of anti-crisis measures in the event of potential cyber threats on the network.
Медийни брандове по време на пандемия. Емоционално обвързване

Медийни брандове по време на пандемия. Емоционално обвързване
(Media brands during the pandemic. Emotional engagement)

  • Author(s):Daniela Nikolova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:234-243
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:television; audience; COVID 19; emotional engagement; brand; belonging
  • Summary/Abstract:The COVID 19 pandemic puts the media industry to the test and outlines opportunities for its development and transformation. In a situation of social isolation and fear, the audience’s need to consume content increases significantly. At the same time, the amount of unverified information and fake news is increasing. The degree of trust in the media brand and the closeness to the audience are gaining more and more weight. Through Kevin Roberts’ theory of “Love marks” and the case study method, the author seeks the connection between consumers and media brands. The purpose of this report is to trace the role of the media, in particular Television during the COVID 19 crisis; how it manages to attract and retain its viewers; how it becomes emotionally attached to them; what are the communication messages. Being “Love marks” during a state of emergency may be more important than ever in the “new reality.”
Инфодемия и медийно съдържание

Инфодемия и медийно съдържание
(Infodemia and media content)

  • Author(s):Simeon Vassilev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:244-251
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Summary/Abstract:The article discusses the consequences of the pandemic for public communications, for traditional and new media, as well as the challenges quality journalism has to face. The infodemic of the pandemic raises issues, including that of journalistic literacy, which is key for the ability of the media to rationalize the social and political reality, as well as the socio-cultural and health reality after the crisis. The emphasis is on the emergence of the new scientific discipline – infodemiology, to which communication science is directly related and from which media studies are expected to receive another stimulus for their interdisciplinarity.
Коментарът в съвременната българска преса –жанрови трансформации

Коментарът в съвременната българска преса –жанрови трансформации
(The commentary in the contemporary Bulgarian press – genre transformations)

  • Author(s):Svetla Tsankova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:255-268
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:contemporary Bulgarian press; genre transformations; commentary
  • Summary/Abstract:The commentary is one of genres in the contemporary Bulgarian press that adds value to the journalistic information. The press doesn’t stand a chance in the race for creating and spreading the news but it can win audiences and public trust if they rely on serious and qualitative interpretative genres, on authors’ and expert texts, on in-depth analysis of the events in the wider context and on the prognostics of their development. There is no doubt that in the recent years the commentary goes through genre transformations under the influence of the new convergent media environment, of the changing readers’ attitudes and needs, of the dynamics in the contemporary journalism. That’s why the transformations in the structure, style and language are the subject of that analysis.
Експертната реч в медиите – източник на (не)достоверност

Експертната реч в медиите – източник на (не)достоверност
(Expert speech in the media - a source of (un)reliability)

  • Author(s):Andreana Eftimova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:269-285
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:expert speech; authenticity; media; social role
  • Summary/Abstract:The article examines the presentation of expert opinion in the media. As a result of analysis of materials selected according to keywords, it is established that the sense of authenticity is influenced by how the expert sources are named, what is their relevance to the topic, what are the types of expert content and ways of transmitting expert speech, etc.
Ролята на заглавието за привличане на внимание в интернет среда

Ролята на заглавието за привличане на внимание в интернет среда
(The role of the title to attract attention in the Internet environment)

  • Author(s):Vladimir Dosev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:286-296
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:online journalism; headlines; click-bait; corona virus
  • Summary/Abstract:The major aim of this article is to investigate the importance of the media headlines for the digital journalism. Click-bait is a new term in the theory of journalism and it describes a headline which tempts the reader to click on the link and to read the whole article. Click-bait is often associated with headlines which are especially sensationalized. The paper investigates various language tools to make a headline sensationalized. The applied methods of the research are sociolinguistic analysis of media texts and discourse analysis. The object are the headlines of articles about corona virus, published in some of the biggest Bulgarian information sites from August to December 2020.
Езикът на омразата ‒ изследване на политическата риторика и отражението ѝ върху качеството в медийната среда.

Езикът на омразата ‒ изследване на политическата риторика и отражението ѝ върху качеството в медийната среда.
(Hate Speech Phenomenon and the Ways It Reflects on the Media Discourse)

  • Author(s):Kristina Nenova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:297-306
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:hate speech phenomenon; the impact on media environment; channels of dissemination; citizens’ perception; local elections for mayors and municipal councilors in Bulgaria; 2019; social media
  • Summary/Abstract:Although hate speech has often been considered as a popular phenomenon, there is a lack of research in terms of its contradictory characteristics. The current article is focused on hate speech and the ways in which it affects the media environment. A survey based on citizens’ perceptions about various hate speech comments voiced by Bulgarian politicians explores their willingness to report the content, post a positive/negative comment or use emoticon in order to provide reactions on Facebook. Another goal is to identify some of the key aspects of the hate speech phenomenon and the ways they reflect on the political discourse. As a result of the survey, some of the reasons behind such rhetoric have been analyzed.
„Черен лебед“, инфодемия и научна журналистика

„Черен лебед“, инфодемия и научна журналистика
(„Black swan“, infodemic and science journalism)

  • Author(s):Desislava Andreeva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:307-317
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:Black swan; infodemic; science journalism; uncertainty; contextualization; COVID-19
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper examines the role of science journalism and its opportunities for development in the context of overactivated science, increased public interest and informational situation. The author claims that contextualization should be considered as the main indicator for recognition of the quality of science reporting, when it deals with extreme situations or topics, associated with more than usual scientific uncertainty, such as COVID-19 epidemic.
Преводът в медиите: преводач или международник

Преводът в медиите: преводач или международник
(Media translation)

  • Author(s):Elena Tarasheva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:318-328
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:media; translation; align; functionalism
  • Summary/Abstract:This study traces articles published in foreign-language media and their translations in Bulgarian news media. By aligning the texts, major differences are elicited between original and translation. The function of the changes is discussed, and the role of translation for the media gauged.
Текстът на маркетинговите комуникации в Мрежата

Текстът на маркетинговите комуникации в Мрежата
(The text of marketing communications on the World Wide Web)

  • Author(s):Teodora Petkova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:331-344
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:text; marketing communications; World Wide Web; digital content
  • Summary/Abstract:The World Wide Web has grown into a complex communication environment, woven of writing and code and functioning as a public sphere for marketing communications. This calls for interdisciplinary research on the nature of digital marketing text. The article presents terminological clarifications and additions to the concepts of marketing communications and marketing text on the World Wide Web. Based on the analysis of empirical material, the main types and subtypes of marketing text on the World Wide Web are presented, together with a typology based on the understanding of the World Wide Web as a platform for exchanging not only web documents but also data.
Образите на телевизионните журналисти при смяна на медията

Образите на телевизионните журналисти при смяна на медията
(The TV journalists’ image when they change the media)

  • Author(s):Zhana Popova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:345-355
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:journalism; transition; biographical turn; television; censorship; pressure
  • Summary/Abstract:The text presents the research results, conducted on a body of media interviews and television journalists’ personal posts on social media in a specific situation on their professional path – leaving the media. The journalists in the 2000-2020 period “demystify the media” and take apart the mechanisms, through which political and economic circles put pressure on media owners. At the same time, leaving the media is an event, upon which journalists reaffirm professional standards in the professional field, even though they rarely reach a position of the guild in defense of a colleague.
Лайв стриймингът като ефективна техника на дигиталната комуникация по време на криза

Лайв стриймингът като ефективна техника на дигиталната комуникация по време на криза
(„Live streaming“ as an effective technique of digital communication during a crisis)

  • Author(s):Desislava Paunska
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:356-365
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:digital communication; crisis communication; communication management; live streaming; Facebook
  • Summary/Abstract:The strong influence of social media, especially Facebook, in Bulgaria, as well as the observed change in people‘s communication behavior, determine the fact that any important information today can reach a larger audience through new digital techniques. It also recognizes that the hunger for reliable information during a crisis, caused by theCOVID-19 pandemic, is an opportunity for quality journalism to reach more users. This report examines some digital techniques in crisis communication, with the main emphasis on live streaming as a growing extremely fast “viral” communication. Quantitative results are shown for increasing the number of views at the daily press conferences of the National Operational Headquarters for the first month of the state of emergency announced on March 9, 2020 thanks to Live streaming broadcasts through the Facebook pages of the considered media. The theoretical analysis, supported by observations of the behavior of leading media in Bulgaria - digital and traditional, shows that the crisis has accelerated the cumbersome processes of attracting new audiences through new digital techniques and channels.
Един доклад на 40 години. Какво се промени в световния информационен и комуникационен ред

Един доклад на 40 години. Какво се промени в световния информационен и комуникационен ред
(A report at the age of 40. What has changed in the world information and communication order)

  • Author(s):Maria Neikova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:369-372
  • No. of Pages:4
  • Keywords:“Many Voices, One World” report; world information and communication order; technological change; information war
  • Summary/Abstract:Forty years have passed since the publication of “Many Voices, One World” report aimed at a new more just and more efficient world information and communication order. Created in the specific conditions after the Second World War, the report is charged with the ambition to find solutions to information inequalities. The text seeks to answer the question of whether these hopes have succeeded. The answer is negative and the final proposal is to look from the new contemporary perspective to what is happening now in the communication environment.
Факторът „елитност“ и подборът на международни новини в Би Би Си

Факторът „елитност“ и подборът на международни новини в Би Би Си
(The „elitism“ factor and the BBC‘s selection of international news)

  • Author(s):Desislava Sotirova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:373-381
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:international news; elite state; news values; the journalism of exception; news selection
  • Summary/Abstract:The report explores how does the concept of the so-called “elite states”, by which the states are examined by measurable values that define their degree of strength in the international relations, affect the selection of the international news from the BBC. According to some academic studies1 this concept is one of the main factors when reporting international news. Because of their “elite” status the news about such countries dominates in the international news flow. This leads to uneven media attention to some countries at the expense of others. In order to analyze if the same conclusion would be also valid for the BBC, the paper aims to answer the question what are the news values of the international editors when selecting international news. The BBC is a global media with global audience which “covers the big stories”2. Questionnaires with five questions were sent to journalists working for the media. Their answers may be used as a landmark what are the main values among journalists to consider when picking a story.
Съвременната българска емиграция през погледа на българските медии. От Възраждането до „възраждането“

Съвременната българска емиграция през погледа на българските медии. От Възраждането до „възраждането“
(Contemporary Bulgarian emigration through the eyes of the Bulgarian media. From the Revival to the „Revival“)

  • Author(s):Katya Issa
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:382-391
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:emigration; media; “Bulgarian Revival around the world”
  • Summary/Abstract:Many institutions are involved in the current topic of contemporary Bulgarian emigration. To the astonishment of our entire society, given the easy exchange of information in the 21st century, the data they export is often contradictory and mutually exclusive. The Bulgarian media publish their results, but are not satisfied with them. Although journalism does not necessarily/only seek the objective, calculated, summarized, averaged, scientifically proven information, but also focuses on attractive, exceptional, surprising, exciting, strange cases, most of its summaries are worthwhile. The attitude of the Bulgarian people to the problems of and with the Bulgarian emigration is based precisely on the data provided by the media. The report commented on several Bulgarian media from the country and abroad. An attempt was made to analyze the situation on the basis of the facts presented by them and to answer the question “Is the Bulgarian Revival happening in the world?”.
Европейските ценности в българските медии

Европейските ценности в българските медии
(European values in the Bulgarian media)

  • Author(s):Ralitsa Kovacheva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:392-402
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:European values; European elections; European Union; media; political claims
  • Summary/Abstract:The article is dealing with the media representation of the concept of “European values” during the campaign for the European elections in 2019. The political discourse is dominated by a selective and perverse representation of European values, reduced to “gender policy” understood as free choice of gender identity and sexual orientation. Based on this narrative a negative attitude towards the EU is constructed as ‘Brussels’ is presented as a foreign power imposing morally unacceptable values and policies on Bulgaria.
Политически и обществени дебати относно Истанбулската конвенция в контекста на новата комуникационна медийна среда – 2018 ˗ 2020 г.

Политически и обществени дебати относно Истанбулската конвенция в контекста на новата комуникационна медийна среда – 2018 ˗ 2020 г.
(Political and public debates related to the Istanbul convention in the context of the new communication media environment – 2018 ‑ 2020)

  • Author(s):Neli Velinova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:403-418
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:Istanbul Convention; “gender”; debates; public attitudes; political actions; media ecosystem
  • Summary/Abstract:This study aims to follow the political and public debates related to the ratification of the Istanbul Convention in Bulgaria in the period 2018 - 2020, reflected in the media. It reflects as well the specific measures taken by the Bulgarian Government and the actions of our civil society. Modern societies are undergoing significant social, economic, cultural and political transformations. The technologically defined information and communication environment creates new opportunities for a new type of democratic citizenship. On the other hand, the modern media ecosystem determines the types and forms of communication, which respectively affect the quality of information flows. The aim of the study is to trace the political actions regarding the Istanbul Convention, directly related to the public influence, reflected by the Bulgarian media ecosystem.
„Ефектът Уайнстийн“: #MeToo и медийното отразяване на казуси на сексуален тормоз

„Ефектът Уайнстийн“: #MeToo и медийното отразяване на казуси на сексуален тормоз
(“The Weinstein Effect”: #MeToo and the media coverage of sexual harassment cases)

  • Author(s):Tsvetelina Dzhambazova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:419-428
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:“Me Too” movement; #MeToo; Harvey Weinstein; R. Kelly; sexual harassment; race; Weinstein effect
  • Summary/Abstract:The aim of this report is to analyze sexual harassment cases in the United States which are widely presented in media after the huge popularization of #MeToo in social media. The main tasks are examining the impact of the online movement on media’s presentation of this topic and researching the content and meaning of the new term “Weinstein effect” which is linked to the wave of sexual harassment accusations against public figures in the States. Journalistic materials and American media organizations reports are reviewed with focus on two cases of sexual misconduct: the one of Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein and the scandal with singer R. Kelly. These are examples of significantly different media reactions towards sexual violence cases.
Културна памет, колективна травма и интеркултурна комуникация

Културна памет, колективна травма и интеркултурна комуникация
(Collective memory, cultural trauma and intercultural communication)

  • Author(s):Diana Petkova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:429-434
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:collective memory; cultural trauma; intercultural dialogue; socialist countries; Balkan culture
  • Summary/Abstract:Within the frames of collective memory, both remembering and forgetting of historical events have equal significance. However, the accent on the past is often associated with the presence of unhealed cultural trauma. An example of this phenomenon are the ex-socialist countries where the socialist inheritance is often accompanied by heavy collective psychological burden. The Balkan cultures are another example of how the retrospective worldview can incur suffering. In all these countries the focus on the tasks of the present outline the way to cope with the cultural trauma of the past аnd to achieve intercultural dialogue.
Информационни рискове в съвременната медийна екосистема

Информационни рискове в съвременната медийна екосистема
(Information risks in the contemporary media ecosystem)

  • Author(s):Lilia Raycheva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:437-446
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:media ecosystem; professional standards; ICTs
  • Summary/Abstract:A number of media and communication studies indicate the risks to the professional and quality functioning of the contemporary media ecosystem: pollution of the information environment; distortion of public discourse; restriction of journalistic autonomy; problematic content management; fragmentation of audiences, etc. In 2011, the Council of Europe adopted the Recommendation Towards a New Notion for the Media. It outlines the main guidelines for updating the concepts of the media ecosystem, covering the interaction between all participants and factors important for the social functioning of communications. In order to establish the effectiveness of the criteria and standards outlined in the Recommendation for the professional functioning of the modern information and communication environment, a qualitative and quantitative study was undertaken among students from FJMC at the St. Kliment Ohridski Sofia University. The comparative analysis shows interesting results for the application of professional standards in journalism, as well as for the perception of content by audiences, important for overcoming the information risks in the contemporary media ecosystem.
Новото вечерно токшоу – развлечение на различни платформи

Новото вечерно токшоу – развлечение на различни платформи
(The new late night talk show – an entertainment on multiple digital platforms)

  • Author(s):Maya Vassileva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:447-459
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:late night talk show; late night primetime; late night talk show host; digital platform; format structure
  • Summary/Abstract:The multiple digital platforms have become the new dominant form of entertainment to bring inclusive content for a multicultural audience. The article presents theoretical and empirical survey on traditional television late night talk show and web productions of the same genre and format structure how also feature original content for viewers. The new late night talk show is committed to adding real diversity in entertainment by scattering the onscreen stereotypes and rescripting the old narratives, so that young generations across nations can see themselves in short viral content forms, available via multiple avenues. The main thesis is focused on the new late night talk show productions may play a significant role in streaming into diverse entertainment future.
Развитие на медийния подкаст в България

Развитие на медийния подкаст в България
(Development of the media podcast in Bulgaria)

  • Author(s):Stella Konstantinova Angova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:460-468
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:podcast; news organizations; audio content; media
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper analyzes the entry of media podcasts in Bulgaria as a strategy for quality journalism. The study maps the contemporary media producers of 33 podcasts. The survey with podcast authors shows practices for creating and distributing audio content, professional challenges for journalists, opportunities for monetization and acquisition of intangible assets. The main discovered problems are delay of podcast entry, lack of audience audio habits, topicality of the content, and social media strategy.
Телекомуникации и 5G мрежи в условията на световна пандемия

Телекомуникации и 5G мрежи в условията на световна пандемия
(Telecommunications and 5G networks in a coronavirus pandemic)

  • Author(s):Nadejda Miteva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:469-480
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:telecommunications; 5G networks; COVID-19; regulations; spectrum assignment
  • Summary/Abstract:The coronavirus pandemic and the measures to curb it persuadеs humanity of the crucial importance of the telecommunications industry for the functioning of society. This paper examines the role of the telecommunication industry for managing and overcoming the crises in the EU countries due to the coronavirus pandemic. The authors` aim is to describe and analyze the challenges and the opportunities for the European telecommunications sector. Observation, inductive and comparative analysis are among the methods used. The main finding is that the coronavirus pandemic tests the capacity of telcos to survive in a state of emergency, but it also provides opportunities to develop their social responsibility, acquire new sources of revenues and regain better image and governmental support.
Иновации в комуникационната стратегия на брандовете

Иновации в комуникационната стратегия на брандовете
(Insights and innovations in the communication campaigns of world brands)

  • Author(s):Manuela Manliherova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:481-488
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:brand; digital platforms; creativity; campaigns
  • Summary/Abstract:The text analyzes brands that in their communication definitely show a new style of efficiency by expanding their presence through digital platforms. All of them are a standard of creative achievements, undoubtedly recognized at the Cannes Film Festival in the last three years. In the selection of the individual cases that I present in this brief overview, I also set my own criterion, based on a simple but powerful as a means of communication phrase - open mind. Even with this attitude of opening the senses, social behavior and cultural insight dominate as leaders in the communication campaigns I am considering. In a rapidly changing world, we are seeing more and more innovative campaigns by some global brands. They show a better understanding of the social, emotional and behavioral needs of their audiences, inspiring the audience with expressive and emotionally told stories. These cultural insights are also related to a new design of attitudes, of consumer thinking.
Комуникационни практики в книгоиздаването в условията на пандемична ситуация

Комуникационни практики в книгоиздаването в условията на пандемична ситуация
(Communication practices in book publishing as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic)

  • Author(s):Georgi Aleksandrov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:489-498
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:communication practices; book publishing; COVID-19 response; pandemic situation
  • Summary/Abstract:The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected most of the industries, including book publishing. The article examines the response of institutions, professional organizations, publishers, booksellers and authors to the unprecedented situation in the period from March to October 2020. The study aims to identify the characteristics of the communication practices in book publishing and to propose their typological differentiation. The research focuses on Bulgaria but includes relevant examples from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Three levels of communication practices are defined: institutional, corporate, and individual. Applying the methods of content-analysis, comparative analysis, and discursive analysis, the research identifies two communications approaches- active and passive, and two types of communicated messages - positive and negative. The article includes observations on the differences in the communication practices in Bulgaria and the selected foreign countries.
Медийната грамотност на учениците от горен курс: четене в интернет на поредица от текстове по един и същ проблем

Медийната грамотност на учениците от горен курс: четене в интернет на поредица от текстове по един и същ проблем
(Study of media literacy of upper secondary school students through a series of texts on the same issue)

  • Author(s):Neli Ilieva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication
  • Page Range:499-508
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:media literacy; media text; experiment; questionnaire
  • Summary/Abstract:This report presents a part of a larger experiment, during which students read five media texts on the same topic and answer questions based on them. The end goals of the experiment, as well as the methodology and the results are presented. The analysis shows that students from the upper classes of high school do not have experience with reading media texts from different online sources. In so far as reading and understanding media writing is part of functional literacy, the results of this questionnaire are a rather troubling sign of gaps within students‘ knowledge, which can only be made up for by systematic and focused efforts on the part of educational institutions.
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