PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHMS

Author(s): Ionut Traian Luca / Language(s): Issue: 3/2015

A milestone in Portfolio Theory is represented by the Mean-Variance Model introduced in 1952 by Harry Markowitz. During the years, mathematicians have developed several different models extending, improving and diversifying the Mean-Variance Model. This paper will briefly present some of these extensions and the resulted models. The aim is to search and identify some connections between portfolio theory and energy production. Analyzing the Mean-Variance Model and its extensions we can conclude that from practical point of view the minimax model is the easiest to be implemented, because the analytical solution is computed with low effort. This model, like all others from Portfolio Theory, has a high sensitivity for mean. We consider that this model fits to our goal (energy optimization) and we intend to implement it in our future research project.

Cuprins

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Issue: 1/2011

SUMAR – SOMMAIRE – CONTENTS – INHALT

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Issue: 2/2015

contents of studia 2/2015

Spis treśi

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Issue: 10/2010

TOC Issue 10/2010

Content

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Issue: 37/2013

CONTENTS

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Issue: 2/2013

contents of studia 2/2013

CUPRINS – CONTENT – SOMMAIRE – INHALT

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Issue: 2/2009

contents of studia 2/2009

Content

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Issue: 20/2014

Content

CUPRINS / TABLE DE MATIÈRES

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Issue: 3/2009

contents of studia 3/2009

Sećanja Ludvika Hiršfelda na Veliki rat

Author(s): Jasmina Milanović ,Zoran Vacić / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

The great Polish scientist, doctor and humanist, Ludwik Hirszfeld, visited Serbia on multiple occasions. He was born in Warsaw in 1884, graduated in Lodz, began his medical studies in Wurzburg and finished them in Berlin. He worked in Heidelberg and Zurich, where he was elected docent at the Hygiene Institute. After the beginning of the First World War and the outbreak of typhus in Serbia, Switzerland kept on receiving alarming news. Ludwik, along with his wife Hana, decided to go to Serbia in 1915, where he worked tirelessly on preventing further disease spread at the Valjevo Hospital, the center of the epidemic. His kindest notes from that time were the descriptions of Serbian men and women, his colleagues, doctors and nurses. This is when Serbian people gained his sympathies and his eternal gratitude. After the occupation of Serbia, the Hirszfeld couple continued their work at the Thessaloniki front where, as a part of the Crown Prince Hospital, they formed a Bacteriology laboratory. The immunology, bacteriology and parasitology research that he conducted there led him to several important scientific discoveries. The most important was the research on blood types, which led to the first successful blood transfusion at the Thessaloniki front. After the liberation of Serbia, Ludwik Hirszfeld remained in Belgrade until 1919, where he worked on forming a Bacteriology laboratory at the Main Military Hospital. Upon his return to Warsaw, he worked on opening a Serological Institute and taught at the Medical University. To show gratitude for everything that he had done for the Serbian people, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia awarded him with numerous honors and medals. When Germany attacked and occupied Poland, the Yugoslovenian ambassador in Berlin, Ivo Andrić, attempted to get Hirszfeld and his family out of the Warsaw ghetto where they had been captured. After the war, Ludwik became dean of the newly founded Medical University in Wroclaw, where he passed away in 1954.

Saradnja gradova pobratima Poljske i bivše Jugoslavije. Programske pretpostavke i stvarnost

Author(s): Przemysław Biegański / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

The idea of the cities’ international cooperation was initiated after 2nd World War in order to build long-lasting bonds between dwellers of any feuding countries. With the course of time a number of cooperating municipalities grew significantly, hence the expectations towards the primary form of interaction altered either. Foreign cooperation became key element of local politics positively stimulating development within the field of culture, science, sport or economy. Town twinning movement played its crucial role in Europe and contributed to EU integration in large extent. Despite political differences and geographical distance, the idea of town twinning flourished between cities of Poland and former Yugoslavia as well. Primary contacts were initiated in 1970s: Bydgoszcz & Kragujevac (1971), Plock & Loznica (1972), Boleslawiec & Prnjavor (1974), Cracow & Zagreb (1975) or Bielsko-Biala & Kragujevac (1977). Social and political changes in Poland and corresponding disintegration of Yugoslavia halted mutual cooperation for many years. Nevertheless, today the aforementioned relationship is being built anew, in some cases even continued. A significant growth in number of twinned cities (currently over 30) does not always reflect the quality of this partnership. The paper investigates the origin of urban networks of Poland and countries of former Yugoslavia within the framework of sister-town movement putting in the limelight basic areas of cooperation, its forms and significance.

Školovanje jugoslovenskih učenika u privredi u Poljskoj 1947/48.

Author(s): Slobodan Selinić / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

With a goal to provide staff for the industrialisation of country, Yugoslav government, after the Second World War, sought to get experts through schooling in country and abroad. In accordance with this policy, Yugoslavia sent 545 apprentices to learn craft in Poland. Three of them returned due to the lack of discipline and two of them died. 454 out of the remained 540 apprentices started to learn the craft on October 18, 1947,44 started the apprenticeship on November 20, 1947 and 42 started the apprenticeship on May 15, 1948. Most of students were learning the craft of metalworking. The envisaged period of schooling was three years. Young Yugoslavs were stationed in 14 places (Lodz, Wroclaw, Bytom, Elblag, Zielona gora...) together with Polish apprentices. Yugoslav authorities were mostly satisfied with the conditions of accomodation, hygene, food, supplies of clothing and footwear. Apprentices were educated in Polish high schools and worked in school and factory workshops and in the evening they attended classes in native language which were organized by Yugoslav educators. The relations between apprentices and Polish teachers in school and instructors in workshops was good, and most of the teachers and instructures made effort to transfer knowledge to young Yugoslavs. But especially in school, the big problem was the fact that Yugoslavs did not speak Polish language , and some of them arrived to Poland with poor general knowledge. Through rich contents of political, cultural and educational work (circles, informational and political classes, choir and drama club etc.) apprentices were educated in accordance with the ideology and views of the CPY. The confrontation between Yugoslavia and the COMINFORM and thus with Poland stopped the education of these young people after a year. Yugoslavia decided to return the apprentices to the country, so Poland accepted. With the incidents with Polish authorities, the apprentices returned to Yugoslavia in October 1948. After the return to the country, they were stationed in Yugoslav factories and mines.

Rat na Balkanu u „Demonima rata prema Goji“ Vladislava Pašikovskog

Author(s): Piotr Zwierzchowski / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

The events in the Balkans after the disintegration of Yugoslavia were not the object of interest for Polish people of culture. One of the most interesting film that refers to those events is „The Demons of War by Goya” directed by Władysław Pasikowski in 1998. The analysis of that film should help to answer some questions: how the topic of the war in the Balkans was presented in certain areas of the Polish culture, and whether the war was really in the centre of interest. Was it treated as an excuse, specific iconographic and cultural background, element of genre conventions? Or was it the object of reflection on war as such and, finally, on the situation in the Balkans? In the context of the film some responses are possible. The author takes into account not only political, historical, and genology contexts, but Wladyslaw Pasikowski`s creativity as well. The aim of this article is, however, not only the analysis of the film itself but also its reception by people.

Politika vladislava gomulke prema Jugoslaviji u kontekstu odnosa Poljske i socijalističkih država na Balkanu u periodu 1956–1970

Author(s): Jacek Tebinka / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

Polish policy towards Yugoslavia under the rule of Władysław Gomułka was a function of Moscow's relations with Belgrade. Yugoslavia was the only communist country in Europe, though did not belong to the Soviet bloc, but welcomed the accession to power of Gomulka and partial independence of the authorities in Warsaw from the Kremlin. The biggest success of Gomułka’ visit to Belgrade, was confirmation by Tito, the inviolability of the Polish western border. Among the socialist countries in the Balkans, Yugoslavia played the most important role. Mostly, due to its size and economic potential. Gomułka could see that Tito took up a position between two politico-military blocs, but he knew „that we should not push Yugoslavia into the arms of imperialism“, which was not always understood in Moscow. The Polish communist authorities could look with envy on Yugoslavia as a state which broke from the Soviet bloc and was independent from Moscow, and did not belong to the Warsaw Pact. The independence of the Yugoslav Communists also manifested itself in different interpretation of the doctrine of socialism recognized by the CPSU and Gomułka as revisionist. The problem was that Gomulka nor his successor, Edward Gierek did not look for so far-reaching autonomy. On the other hand, Yugoslavia was aware of the limitations of government in Warsaw because of the Polish geopolitical place in the Soviet bloc.

Josip Broz Tito u vizuelnoj propagandi u poljskoj štampi u periodu 1949-1953

Author(s): Andrzej Zaćmiński / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

The conflict between the Soviet Union, the countries of people's democracy and Yugoslavia (28th June,1948) meant that Josip Broz Tito became a hero in the propaganda campaign in Poland directed against the leadership of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. His image as an enemy (i.e., leader of a clique, traitor, renegade, saboteur, agent, spy and fascist) was permanently depreciating and embraced new forms of discrediting. Between July 1949 and April 1953 Marshal Tito was in the centre of visual propaganda. His caricatures, drawings and cartoons appeared in the press and periodicals. The negative structure of his verbal image was thus reinforced by the visual image that affected recipients more suggestively. The aim of the paper is to present the image of Tito, its structure, repetitive themes and motifs around which the iconic image focused. The author analyzed the content of six newspapers and periodicals from more than 400 newspapers appearing in Poland in 1952. The primary source that determined the discourse of propaganda campaign against Tito (antitito campaign) was „Trybuna Ludu” (the "Tribune of the People") – the daily newspaper of the KC PZPR and its regional branches. The author also analyzed visual propaganda in two main satirical periodicals: „Mucha” ("The Fly") and „Szpilki” ("Pins"), and in an extremely influential and enjoing a certain "independence" magazine „Przekrój”. To present the image of Josip Broz Tito in visual propaganda the author analyzed over 110 caricatures. Most of them were focused on the nature of the relationship between Tito and the United States and its negative consequences for Yugoslavia. The caricatures of Tito in a military uniform with a characteristically curved hat showed without any doubts that Tito was not a partner for the West, but only a client and puppet (tool, instrument and assistant) of the US imperialist policy.

Sistem logora prinudnog rada i NKVD u pribaltičkim zemljama, Srednjoistočnoj Evropi i na Balkanu posle II svetskog rata

Author(s): Tadeusz Wolsza / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

The article presents a chronological history of the creation and functioning of labor camps in the countries of Central, Eastern, and South Europe. The author describes the most important camps and gives statistic data of individual countries. In Poland, in 1950-1958, there were at least 350 thousand people in labor camps and in Prisonersž Labour Centres (operated in 1945-1956). In Czech Republic and Slovakia in the analyzed period there were more than 470 labor camps. In the area of Eastern Germany, the first Soviet camps were founded in Buchenwald and Sachsenhausen. In 1945 – 1950, 10 such centers were established with 154 thousand of Germans and about 35 thousand of foreigners. In Romania, in 1945 – 1989, there were 230 labor camps. The bestknown labor camps were located in Sighet and Galati. In Hungary, there were filtration, resettlement and prisoners of war camps (mainly for Germans). Labor camps were established there only in 1950 and their slow eradication began in 1953. The most famous camp was located in Resck. In Bulgaria, the first camp was established in January 1945 (Sveti Wracz), then in Dupnica, Bobow Doł, Bogdanow Doł and in Kucjan near Pernik. Bulgarian prisoners also worked in the uranium mines in Bukowo. The camps were designed for the pre-war policemen, Russian "white" immigrants and collaborators. Later, the most repressive camp was on the island of Persin on the Danube, near the town of Belene (till 1953; 1900 prisoners). In 1956, after the events in Hungary, Bulgaria's communist government reactivated the camp on the island of Persin and in Lovech. In 1944 – 1962, there were more than 23,5 thousand of people (14,6 thousand of political prisoners) in Bulgarian camps. In Yugoslavia, the first camp, Mała Zica, was established in 1949 on the island of Goli Otok ("The Naked Island"), then on the islands of Ugljan and Rab. The first transport of prisoners counted about 1300 people. In 1949 – 1953, there were about 31-32 thousands people (including women).

Odnosi između Kraljevine SHS/Jugoslavije i Republike Poljske (1919–1939). Pogled iz Beograda

Author(s): Milan Gulić / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

Diplomatic relations between The Kingdom of Yugoslavia and Polish republic, new European countries after First World War, were established during 1919. In 1920 the first ambassadors were sent to Warsaw and Belgrade. Sense of “Slovene closeness” looked like sufficient reason diplomatic relations to be close, but in reality, relations between these two countries were friendly, but not so close. Important role in rapprochement of two countries represented Polish-Yugoslav league that existed in Warsaw and Belgrade. Most important things in Yugoslav-Polish relations between two world wars were a few important agreements, and ministry visits. In October 1922 in Warsaw was signed Trade agreement, in September 1926 in Geneva was signed Pact of Friendship and Friendly Cooperation, and in December 1931 in Polish capital city, during visit of Yugoslav Minister of Foreign Affairs Vojislav Marinković, was signed Convention on scientific, school and art cooperation. His visit to Poland was the first important state visitation after more than ten years of diplomatic relations. The second important state visit in that period was a return visit of Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs Jozef Beck to Yugoslavia in May 1936. Interwar relations between Yugoslavia and Poland were ended after Germany and Soviet Union attacked this country and separated Polish territory.

Kulturna saradnja Poljske i Pugoslavije sedamdesetih godina XX veka

Author(s): Joanna Szczutkowska / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

The problem discussed in the article – the cultural cooperation between Poland and Yugoslavia in the 70s of the twentieth century – is rarely undertaken by researchers. The author tries to characterize the cultural cooperation between Poland and Yugoslavia with a particular emphasis on the contacts in the field of theatre, music, literature and cinematography. The agreement signed in Belgrade on July 6, 1956 formed the basis of deeper Poland-Yugoslavia cultural cooperation in the 70s of the twentieth century. It was realized through the two-year (1970-1971, 1972-1973) and three-year (1974-1976, 1977-1979) implementation plans. Each of the four implementation plans aimed at broadening the contacts. In the first half of the decade there was a gradual development of bilateral cultural activity after a 1968-1969 complet breakdown in relations. As for fundamental methods and means of cultural cooperation, it aimed at increasing contacts between philharmonics, theaters, publishers and film institutions and organizations. The following were expected: exchange of persons, exchange of exhibitions, co-productions, exchanges of services and films, mutual participations in major festivals, events and premieres, interviews, „Film Days”, and so on. In addition, the aim was to exhibit dramatic, musical, ballet and opera works of authors from Poland and Yugoslavia The analysis shows that although the development of the relations proceeded in different directions, there were the areas of unmet expectations. Some major tasks (e.g. information and cultural centres in Belgrade and Warsaw) remain unfulfilled.

Poljska 1956 – 1958: kako su je videli i doživeli Jugosloveni

Author(s): Vladimir Lj. Cvetković / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

Since the middle of March 1956, when delegation of Central Committee of of Communist Union of Serbia visited Poland to attend the funeral of Boleslav Bjerut, until the end of 1958, from Yugoslavia to Poland was sent even 25 delegations or individuals. Beside politicians, Poland visited delegations of Federal Executive Council, Union of Combatants, various labor union bodies, Union of Journalists, Communal Federation, so delegations of lawyers, archivists and laborers of Yugoslavian forges. In the middle of the 1950s of the 20th century, viewed through the eyes of Yugoslavs, Poland seemed as incomparable bigger and more developed country, which, definitely, cherished sympathy for Yugoslavia. Overwhelmed by attention and warm welcome, Yugoslavs, still, believed that Yugoslavia was more successful than Poland in area of new, socijalist society development. It is confirmed by Yugoslav expressions on Polish governing party weakness, so existence of other parties beside the governing one, lack of economy development planning, so issues on de-Stalinization and big influence of the Catholic Church, but also low standard of living which caused dissatisfaction of the nation. Considering that all this challenges in Yugoslavia were answered on until the middle of the 1950s, Yugoslavs, led by own experience, saw their future cooperation with Poland based on experience sharing, which seemed to be the best time for it.

Jugoslavija i Jugosloven u jezičkokulturnoj slici sveta Poljaka

Author(s): Małgorzata Święcicka / Language(s): Issue: 13/2015

In the article the author tries to reconstruct the linguistic-cultural ways of two categories of meaning: Yugoslavia and the Yugoslavian. The author uses the theoretical and methodological assumptions of cultural linguistics, especially the concepts of linguistic picture of the world, along with their significant elements, i.e. stereotype and valuation. They determine the distinctive features of a particular ethnic stereotype and isolate the representative categories of meaning of nation, state, and region. The sources of research material are: the language data in the Polish lexicographical studies, and free expressions of Poles, especially associated with given keywords. The language material, chosen in this way, allows to compare the data from the system of selected fragment of reality with its text realizations, additional categories of meaning, and elements of evaluation. In addition, it is a representative basis for reconstruction of heterostereotype, that is dependent on various factors of different kinds of nature (geography, history, politics, culture, etc.). The sketch has a merely exploring character, but it can be a starting point for the reconstruction of the categories of meaning based on other functional texts.