Josip Broz Tito u vizuelnoj propagandi u poljskoj štampi u periodu 1949-1953
Josip Broz Tito in visual propaganda in the Polish press in 1949-1953

Summary/Abstract: The conflict between the Soviet Union, the countries of people's democracy and Yugoslavia (28th June,1948) meant that Josip Broz Tito became a hero in the propaganda campaign in Poland directed against the leadership of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. His image as an enemy (i.e., leader of a clique, traitor, renegade, saboteur, agent, spy and fascist) was permanently depreciating and embraced new forms of discrediting. Between July 1949 and April 1953 Marshal Tito was in the centre of visual propaganda. His caricatures, drawings and cartoons appeared in the press and periodicals. The negative structure of his verbal image was thus reinforced by the visual image that affected recipients more suggestively. The aim of the paper is to present the image of Tito, its structure, repetitive themes and motifs around which the iconic image focused. The author analyzed the content of six newspapers and periodicals from more than 400 newspapers appearing in Poland in 1952. The primary source that determined the discourse of propaganda campaign against Tito (antitito campaign) was „Trybuna Ludu” (the "Tribune of the People") – the daily newspaper of the KC PZPR and its regional branches. The author also analyzed visual propaganda in two main satirical periodicals: „Mucha” ("The Fly") and „Szpilki” ("Pins"), and in an extremely influential and enjoing a certain "independence" magazine „Przekrój”. To present the image of Josip Broz Tito in visual propaganda the author analyzed over 110 caricatures. Most of them were focused on the nature of the relationship between Tito and the United States and its negative consequences for Yugoslavia. The caricatures of Tito in a military uniform with a characteristically curved hat showed without any doubts that Tito was not a partner for the West, but only a client and puppet (tool, instrument and assistant) of the US imperialist policy.

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