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The first part of the article contains short biographical notes, and the second – analysis of some of his publications on the new Bulgarian history. The aim is to trace the path of the young scientist, formation of his personality and his development to the heights of academician.
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After the 1683 Siege of Vienna, an anti-Islamic inscription and sculpture – possibly representing the head of Muhammad – were affixed onto the tower of St. Stephen’s cathedral in Vienna. In the 21st century, this story highlights the difficulties that arise when the collective memory of the former Catholic empire or nation collides with human rights norms of the modern constitutional republic as well with the norms of religious dialogue in the Catholic Church
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The purpose of the article. The features of the combination of traditional and innovative elements in modern choreography and their main stages of formation are considered in the report. A striking example of this synthesis is the so-called folk trends that meet current requirements, while at the same time retaining the hallmarks of national traditions. Methodology. The methodology of research consists in application of art-criticism, comparative, historical and logical methods. The novelty of research. The genre varieties of modern choreography are found out, and the transformation of traditional symbols in them is noted. In choreographic art, as a developing process, there are two components; stable - a cultural tradition and innovative - updated and enriched in the form and content of new artistic discoveries. In today's conditions, the danger of the loss of a rich heritage of folk art, traditions of folk folklore in all its genre diversity is becoming more and more understood. Conclusions. The innovative approaches to the teaching of classical dance are highlighted, the effectiveness of which depends directly on the teacher's knowledge of modern technologies and their ability to correctly and timely apply, taking into account the structure of the lesson, the selection of material for a particular topic, the choice of educational line and the construction of educational process.
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Joseph II’s Toleration Patent of 1781 was based on the distinction between public and private worship and reserved the former for the Catholics. The document was officially delivered to the Greeks and the Illyrics of Trieste with the provision that it did not annul broader privileges previously bestowed upon them. Such specification prompts us to inquire into the religious privileges enjoyed by the Serbs/Illyrics in Trieste and in the wider Habsburg context in early modern age. The historical background is provided by the sustained confrontation with the Ottomans, the Habsburgs’ efforts to impose religious uniformity in their domains, and their new policies of mercantile populationism in the 18th c. In 1750–1751, Maria Theresa authorised the Greeks (in a religious meaning) to settle, trade, and build a church in Trieste, under the protection of a category of civil servants whose guiding principle was the interests of the state and its supremacy over the church (be it Catholic or non-Catholic). The final part of this paper discusses whether the religious privileges enjoyed by the Greeks and the lllyrics in Trieste before the Patent amounted to public or private worship. In searching for an answer, account is taken of other coeval situations (studied by Olga Katsiardi-Hering in particular), and also of the rather paradoxical outcome of the story, whereby right after the Patent the two Orthodox temples in the city (the old one and the new one just erected by the Greeks) were both equipped with towers and bells – the clearest sign of all of public worship.
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The purpose of the article is to consider genesis and specific peculiarities of certain traditions of the archaic and ethnic dance forms, which have survived till the present. Scientific interpretation of the specific internal connections between different constituents of song-dance genres and mass ritual performances allows to ascertain prerequisites of formation of music and dance professionalism within them. The methodology. Historical and culturological, comparative and analytical methods have been applied to characterize archaic public song-music-dance forms, which in conjunction with various ritual tendencies anticipate the origin of phenomenon of music and theatre performance. The scientific novelty of the work lies in understanding of the problems of preserving certain archaic dance forms in modern household, ritual traditions of various peoples as a unique phenomenon of spiritual culture, implementing continuous connection of times and preservation of deep ethnic traditions. Conclusions. Consideration of different forms of archaic dance, which have survived till the present in different genres and manifestations, allows to characterize their as a unique means of human selfknowledge and self-expression. Music, mimics, gesture and dance movements are the only elements of stage adaption of initial magical ritual. Moreover, many forms of archaic dance continue to realize esthetic and even social and cultural function despite the processes of globalization in modern world culture.
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In the last decade of the 19th century the Bulgarians appeared in the theatrical life in Ottoman Salonica. Their theatrical activities and their preferences were entirely in line with those of the Jewish and Greek communities in the city. The prevalent performances were those dedicated to some charity cause and presented patriotic themes. The theatrical activities of the Bulgarians were driven mostly by teachers and students at the Bulgarian educational institutions.
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The article aims at exploring the celebration of the Day of the Slavic Apostles Cyril and Methodius among the Southern Slavs in the 19th and 20th centuries. The personality, activity, cultural and historical heritage of Saints Cyril and Methodius were imposed permanently in the mass consciousness of the Slavic nations in the 19th century owing to Slavic studies, the Slavophil movement and the Orthodox and Catholic Churches. This holiday evolved faster and more widely among Western Catholic Slavs than among Eastern Orthodox Slavs, and through a third model, unique only to the Bulgarians. They have the oldest tradition among all Slavic peoples in this area. On the basis of that historical tradition and actual political necessity in Bulgaria, a transition from the celebration of the Slavic Apostles Cyril and Methodius from the religious sphere to civil life occurred already in the mid-19th century. The Day of the Slavic Apostles Cyril and Methodius became the first Bulgarian national holiday celebrated on May 11 on the Orthodox Church Calendar. After the change of calendar style in 1916, this holiday began to be celebrated on May 24. Among Slovenians and Croats this holiday is part of the Catholic Church calendar on July 5. Among the Serbs throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries there was absolutely no tradition of civil or church celebration of Cyril and Methodius. In the Republic of Northern Macedonia the Day of the Slavic Apostles became an official holiday in 1998, in the Republic of Serbia – as late as in 2019. In both countries, as in Bulgaria, it is celebrated on 24 May.
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The paper presents one episode in the life of Ivan Naydenov (1834–1910), Bulgarian journalist from Constantinople and social activist: the robbery that occurred when he was travelling to be engaged in his native Kazanlak. Different documents – newspaper information, memoirs and a short story – narrate the adventure and offer a slightly different image of two events that are interesting from an ethnographic and historiographic perspective.
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In this paper an attempt will be made to describe a part of an ordinary day in the city centres in Western Thrace during the Bulgarian administration of the district between 1913 and 1919. Based on an episode from an unknown and unarchived autobiography, the life of one main actor will be projected. He is a boy from a local Bulgarian family. His parents sent him to become apprentice in Şapçı (Σάπες) and Gümülcine (Κομοτηνή). In the big city the boy built new relationships – with the members of a Jewish family and with the “people from the market” who were connected with it. The biographical episode commented is simultaneously part of an “exotic exception” from the collective memory of the group: the Bulgarians from Western Thrace.
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The New-Bell Neighbourhood was established by the German colonial authorities with a view to settle the dual community of the Bell clan, which had been expropriated of their land possessions. This area gradually turned into a safe haven for various populations that immigrated to Douala.The aim of this paper is to highlight the ways in which various New-Bell communities got involved in the local and national political life throughout the period that spans from 1913 to 1990. The research is based on sociological inquiries, oral history investigations, archival documents and books dedicated to the political life in Cameroon.
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The article analyzes the perception of Bulgaria and the Bulgarians by the participants in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877–1878: the war artist V. V. Vereshchagin, the surgeon in ordinary to the Tsar S. P. Botkin and Cossack officer P. Dukmasov. The author shows how different the assessments of the same phenomena can be depending on the age, profession and social status of witnesses.
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On June 26–29, 2019, a large international conference was held in the Polish city of Gdansk — the 13th Baltic Research Conference in Europe. More than 150 reports were presented in 50 panels and round tables. The subjects were diverse, from the “History and Memory” section to “Politics and Society”, and even the problems of security in the Baltic region. Scientists from Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Great Britain, Germany, Russia, etc. took part in the historical sections. The next conference will be held in 2021 in Uppsala.
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The historians who studied the historical sources on the Battle of Kosovo, from Ilarion Ruvarac and Ljubomir Kovačević, the founder of critical historiography in Serbia, to Sima Ćirković, who studied the relevant sources during the last decades of the 20th century, concluded that there existed few reliable sources on it. In other words, the critical verification of the reliability of the documents about the Battle of Kosovo has resulted in the fact that we have increasingly less reliable knowledge about it. “
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