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ÜLKE EKONOMİLERİNDE EKONOMİK İSTİHBARATIN ETKİLERİ, STRATEJİK ÖNEMİ VE ÖRNEKLERİ

Author(s): Savaş Durmuş,Uzman Andaç Karabulut / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 27/2015

The world's circularity proves to be and the new geographical discoveries, drawn new maps, skipping class of traders and trade with the importance of the development of the capital, had given birth to new economic systems. Also by the rapid development of technology has increased the need of raw materials. In this context, the declining economic value of the property increases and shortages of countries that have a maximum request had increased the frequency of war. In this respect the free market economy country status, are affecting companies competing firms in the country, such as receiving information about the factors that affect investment had pushed. This situation gave birth to the importance of economic intelligence, economy of developed countries and capital enterprise has led to economic intelligence biasing. In the pre-war and post-war preparation, sectoral investments, countries will make trade agreements have played an important role in the economic intelligence. Economic intelligence activity still continues today.

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AKYİĞİTZADE MUSA VE ONUN AVRUPA MEDENİYETİ’NİN ESASINA BİR NAZAR İSİMLİ ESERİ

Author(s): Mehmet Taş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 26/2015

19th-century was not only a period in which Ottoman Empire lived political, economical and military problems but also in this century, new ideas began to find place in the life of the state. Constitutionalism, the rule of law, provincial and municipal councils, equal citizenship, minority rights is among the ideas that find a place in this period in empire’s administration. Additionally Ottomanism, Islamism and Turkism ideas in society and public life have been discussed so much; each of these ideas has gathered its own supporters. In fact, collapse of Ottoman Empire which approaches very openly, brought together the sensitive intellectuals to mobilize their intellectual capacities. Historically, from those ideas which have been became fundemental references in the public administration, ottomanism was the first political choice, Islamism was second and Turkism eventually followed them. These ideologies cannot be distinguishable with exact lines, in some time both of them may be applied as political choice or as in the case of Turkism and Pan-Islamism they might be intertwined.

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ÖN-TÜRK UYGARLIĞININ ÖNEMİ

Author(s): Akif Poroy / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 24/2014

The Proto-Turkish civilization has a great importance for all Turks living in Eurasia both culturally and politically. Specially for Turks living in Turkey for thousands of years. The Proto-Turkish civilization in Anatolia is a prove that Turks moving in waves from Central Asia to Analia for thousands of years. Proto-Türkish civilization is also the fundamental of the Turks or Turkic nations of Central Asia, from Azerbaican, Türkmenistan, Kazahistan, Uzbekistan, Kırgızitan, Tacikistan and Eastern Turkestan. Anatolia has been Turk’s country for thousands of years. Malazgirt victory in the year 1071 has been the last invasion wave of the Turks to Anatolia, but not the first wave as it is written by the Western Christian historiographers and also by westernised writers of “Tanzimat”.

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YENİ DÜNYA DÜZENİ ve DEMOKRASİ GELİŞTİRME

Author(s): Sait Yılmaz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 22/2014

Global capital aims to establish a world state ruled by a world government in order to dominate based on the interests of global oligarcs. Simulteneosly with the World War II, global capital has moved from London to New York, and democracy promotion has been a fundamental component of American hegemonic policies. American hegemony gains puppet states in to ways; regime restoration (democracy promotion and developments projects are in use with soft power projection) and nation building (state foundation following hard power use). In that article, we investigate the present and future of democracy promotion as American civilian internention method in course of the new world order.

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YURTTA SULH, CİHANDA SULH

Author(s): N. Selcen Korkmazcan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 22/2014

Atatürk’s sincerity in mentioning peace and protecting it, is clearly observed in his each step. He has carried the same sincerity, both as a soldier figthing at the front and while managing the country as a statesman. In 1931, when he announced the basic principle of Turkey, “Peace at Home, Peace in the World”, for the first time, he has revealed his request as well as his target. In general, Atatürk’s mentioned statement is be used to demonstrate the principle of Turkish foreign policy. On the other hand, it is clearly understood that this statement is not only about the foreign policy, but also directly related to the internal affairs, when the internal-external environment is observed during Atatürk’s speech.

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438 NO`LU MUHÂSEBE- VLÂYET- ANADOLU DEFTERNE GÖRE XVI. YÜZYILIN LK ÇEYREGNDE HONAZ KAZÂSI

Author(s): Bilal Yildiz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 21/2014

In this study, socio-economic aspects of Honaz Township in the first quarter of XVIth century, which was an important township of Kutahya City which was a state of Ottoman Empire in its golden age, will be examined in the framework of Anatolian Accounting Register which dates from 1530 and numbered 438. The register mentioned above has all necessary sources such as wealth sources, population movements, ethnic structure, foundations, administrative and military structure, system of the state. The main aim of this work is to eliminate the deficiencies by evaluating all data in the register written in Suleyman The Magnificent’s time and works about Honaz and its income sources, settlement, population, foundations, socio-cultural structure of that period and also provide materials which can be used safely and easily by the historians who search this topic.

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XXI YÜZYILDA RUSYA’NIN SANAYİ SEKTÖRÜNÜN YAPISAL ANALİZİ

Author(s): Akif Abdullah,Tahire Hüseyİnlİ / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 18/2013

After starting the process of dissolution of the Soviet Union in the 1990s, Russia has faced severe economic crises. Consumer goods and services due to the central economic policies of Soviet-era were lagging behind all around the world. With the economic crisis that erupted in Asia in 1998, oil and natural gas prices have fallen and the Russian economy was greatly influenced by it. When we look at the economy of Russia, it can be seen that, Russia's economy gives foreign trade surplus, is self-contained and seems to have even more. Active labor force of the country's and natural resources give the impression that, the country's economy has a vibrant, sustainable and an open economy. However, high level of oil prices and favorable trade opportunities appearance as important reasons for the strong growth in Russia.

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INDUSTRIAL AND RESOURCE POTENTIAL AND GEOPOLITICAL POSITIONS OF NATIONS

Author(s): M. Mirazim Khaydarov / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2012

Availability of natural resources and the level of production potential to a large extent determine the character of a country’s interaction with other countries. Owing to approximately same level of technological development of nations in ancient times, the difference between them mainly consisted in the possession of various natural resources being typical for certain geo-climatic conditions. For instance, northern nations possessed and thereafter exported to other countries fur and honey, nomadic peoples exported livestock products, coastal nations exported marine products etc. Nevertheless as a result of creation by some nations of certain goods production technologies and keeping their secret, then already certain differentiation between nations arose in point of possession of production resources. For instance, China for a long time had exclusive position in production of silk and porcelain etc. The role of industrial production as a strategic factor significantly increased in XVIII-XIX centuries, when industrial revolution took place in several Western European countries and USA, as a result of which technological and quantitative levels of goods manufacturing in these countries considerably outrun all other countries. Owing to the growth of production European nations faced the need in colonies as raw materials source for developing industries and as markets for industrial products sales.

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AVRASYA BÖLGESEL ENTEGRASYONUNDA TÜRK DÜNYASININ PERSPEKTİFLERİ (ECO ÖRNEĞİNDE)

Author(s): Yegane Gözelova / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 12/2011

Eurasia, which has an essential place in geopolitical system at the beginning of XXI century, became one of the centers of world politics. Eurasia is the place that, in one hand became the centre of confronting interests and negotiating of different cultures, in the other hand the place of establishment of future international relations. This continent is placed by Turkish states as Turkey, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, as well as one of the regional integration organizations of this continent is ECO (Economic Cooperation Organization). ECO began to its activity in 1964-1979s, but its preexistence is related to the decision of Turkey, Iran and Pakistan in 1985. After the decline of the USSR, former Soviet Republics as Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Kirgizia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Afghanistan entered to ECO.

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SOSYAL YÖNÜMLÜ PAZAR EKONOMİSİNDE İSTİHDAMIN BAŞLICA YÖNLERİ

Author(s): Z.A. Malayev / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 7/2010

The employment priorities in the social oriented economy are characterized in modern conditions of Azerbaijan and limited demand for the working force as the acting tendency in conditions of high supply are investigated in this article. The priorities of the modern employment policy, The principal tendencies in the labor market of Central and Eastern Europe and CIS after 1990. Also the main characteristics of the state regulation of employment and its social characteristics and efficiency are envisaged in the work.

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ÇİN – TÜRKİSTAN İLİŞKİLERİ

Author(s): Samet Zengınoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 7/2010

Çin ile Türkistan coğrafyası arasındaki ilişkiler ve etkileşimler gerisinde çok derin tarihsel birikim barındırmaktadır. Her ne kadar bu çalışmanın amacı son dönem Çin – Türkistan ilişkilerini ele almaksa da, bu tarihsel arka planın göz ardı edilmemesi yerinde olacaktır. Yaklaşık yirmi asırdan beri başta Asya Hunları ve Göktürler olmak üzere, Türk Devletleri ve ayrıca birçok Hakanlıklar ve Boylar, Çin ile iletişim ve etkileşim içerisinde olmuşlardır.11 Bütün bunlara ek olarak, Çin Seddi’nin yapım amacında ve Orhun Abideleri’nin12 yazım sebebinde de bu etkileşimin doğal neticelerini görmek mümkündür. Bu geniş tarih yelpazesinde birçok önemli olay ve gelişme yaşanmasına rağmen bu çalışmanın amacı özellikle Soğuk Savaş sonrasından günümüze yaşanan gelişmeleri ele almaktır.

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KÜRESEL GÜÇ MÜCADELESİ BAĞLAMINDA AVRASYA’DAKİ ENERJİ SAVAŞLARI

Author(s): Çağrı Kürşat Yüce / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 7/2010

Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılması, dünya üzerinde yeni ülkelerle beraber yeni mücadele alanlarını da ortaya çıkarmıştır. Hazar Bölgesi, Sovyetler sonrası ortaya çıkan yeni jeopolitik denklemde, bölgesel ve uluslararası güçlerin en çok nüfuz mücadelesine giriştiği bölgelerin başında gelmektedir. Zira bu bölge, zengin petrol ve doğal gaz kaynakları ile enerji mücadelesinin yeni coğrafi mekânı niteliğini almıştır. Avrasya’da sürdürülen enerji mücadelesini; jeopolitik, ekonomik ve güvenlik unsurlarının yer aldığı çok yönlü bir oyuna benzetmemiz mümkündür. Nitekim bu oyunun adı günümüzde “Yeni Büyük Oyun”81 olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bilindiği üzere 21. yüzyılda, genelde Avrasya özelde ise Hazar Havzası, nüfuz mücadelesinin en sert geçtiği bölgelerin başında gelmektedir. SSCB’nin dağılmasından sonra, Rusya, AB, Çin ve ABD gibi büyük güçler, komşu ülkeler olan İran, Pakistan, Türkiye ve ayrıca bazı petrol şirketleri Avrasya coğrafyasında büyük bir rekabet içine girmişlerdir.

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Морално-етична, съдебна и стопанска политика на ВМОРО  към българското население в Македония и Одринско до 1912 г.
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Морално-етична, съдебна и стопанска политика на ВМОРО към българското население в Македония и Одринско до 1912 г.

Author(s): Elena Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

Even in the beginning and later in the course of its development, IMARO generated a number of program documents that turn in some written rules regulating behaviour, both in its personnel constituted and among the Christian population in Macedonia and Adrianople region. These documents became a kind of “laws”. A system of control and enforcement of established rules was implemented.

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Инновация систематической теории и пути к социалистической рыночной экономике: Судьбы и себестоимость в сопоставлении исследований Китая и Советского Союза
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Инновация систематической теории и пути к социалистической рыночной экономике: Судьбы и себестоимость в сопоставлении исследований Китая и Советского Союза

Author(s): Huang Lifu,Zhao Xuli / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1-2/2015

There are three basic principles of Karl Marx’s theory of traditional socialism: the elimination of private ownership and the bourgeois, the abandonment of market economy. In spring of 1921 Soviet Russia began to implement the New Economic Policy (NEP), which had contradiction with the three principles of traditional socialism due to the use of market economic mechanisms: 1. Market economy=capitalism? 2. Socialism=public ownership? 3. Private owners and managers=bourgeois=should be eliminated? Lenin only had a half theoretical innovation on the topic of whether market economy=capitalism, leaving the two and a half theoretical questions, the market economy is still considered as capitalism, the NEP had been cast away. After China Socialism Market Economic Reforms in 1978, Chinese government made a systematic theoretical innovation to two and a half theoretical questions left by Lenin. Thus, Chinese market economy got legitimate socialistic identity, and from then on it developed rapidly. However, systematic theoretical innovation needs to pay cost. Chinese Cultural Revolution started in 1966, which continued a decade made China pay the cost of comprehensive unrest in all areas of society. Finally, “the road of Cultural Revolution can not be allowed to continue” that almost became the consensus of all people and Communist Party of China, which provided a thorough preparation for carrying out a systematic theoretical innovation. In comparison, Soviet War Communism was a partial crisis occurred in the economic sphere and peasantry, so it became a wide consensus of Soviet Communist Party and society to continue to still follow the traditional road of socialism, resulting in the lack of conditions for theoretical innovation.

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Трансформации в Центральной и Восточной Европе и в Болгарии: точки зрения китайских ученых
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Трансформации в Центральной и Восточной Европе и в Болгарии: точки зрения китайских ученых

Author(s): Zhang Dan / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1-2/2015

The transformation (or transition) in East-Central Europe was one of the major events in human history in the twentieth Century. During the past 20 years, Chinese intellectuals have normally been focusing in a macro view on the synthetic study on the transformation in East-Central Europe. The study has four following distinct features: excessive academic papers on the fixed time study and review, abundant academic works, identical topics on study, notable limitations. Comparing with paying attention to the overview of study on East-Central Europe, the Chinese intellectuals have fewer achievements in the study on individual countries, and in the study field of the transformation in Bulgaria, it has three following features: few achievements, gradually progressive study, and gradually widened topics.

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Reports on Bulgaria in Chinese Newspapers and Periodicals before and after the Social Transformation in Eastern Europe
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Reports on Bulgaria in Chinese Newspapers and Periodicals before and after the Social Transformation in Eastern Europe

Author(s): Zhu Jianli / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2015

Chinese readers pay great attention to Bulgaria since the second half of 19th century when Bulgaria was reported in Chinese Newspapers and Periodicals (journals). There are 5 periods of the reports: from the late 19th century to 1949; 1950–1965; 1966–1978; 1979–1989; from 1990 to now. Generally speaking, the reports are getting deeper and more and more interesting. Today, in days of a closer relationship of the two countries, we should better evaluate the relationship and have more concrete and deeper corporations with each other.

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Аграрный вопрос в Болгарии в 1989–1990 г.
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Аграрный вопрос в Болгарии в 1989–1990 г.

Author(s): Venelin Mihailov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1-2/2015

This research deals with the problems of Bulgarian agriculture during the first two years of transition to democracy and market economy, namely: the state of agriculture in the late 1980's, the attempts at reform in the recent years of Todor Zhivkov’s rule, the ideas for solving the agrarian question submitted by the Bulgarian Socialist Party and the Union of Democratic Forces, the development of the agrarian question in the second half of 1990.

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Bulgaria and Syria in the Energy Markets Rivalry in the 21st century
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Bulgaria and Syria in the Energy Markets Rivalry in the 21st century

Author(s): Nadya Filipova / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2015

Bulgaria and Syria are located in key geographic zones, in the Balkans and the Middle East, respectively. In the context of the contemporary rivalry for the supply of Europe with energy resources, Bulgarian and Syrian geographic positions facilitate the opportunity the two countries to become consumers as well as transport corridors for such deliveries from Russia, the Caspian region, Central Asia and the Middle East. This article aims to study the development of the energy policy considerations and decisions, in Bulgaria and Syria, in the beginning of the 21st century in the broader context of the formation of coherent energy policy of the European Union, and the initiation of competitive projects on behalf of the Russian Federation and different Middle Eastern, Caspian and Central Asian oil and natural gas exporters.

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Иван Русев. Търговската модерност на българското възраждане като култура и практика. Изследване и извори. Издателство „Ровита”. В. Търново, 2015, 743 с., с ил.

Иван Русев. Търговската модерност на българското възраждане като култура и практика. Изследване и извори. Издателство „Ровита”. В. Търново, 2015, 743 с., с ил.

Author(s): Svetla Atanasova / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2015

Book Review

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История на Дупница и Дупнишко. София, 2015, Авторски колектив. Състaвители: Ал. Гребенаров, Ст. Германов, Г. Н. Георгиев, 624 с., с ил.

История на Дупница и Дупнишко. София, 2015, Авторски колектив. Състaвители: Ал. Гребенаров, Ст. Германов, Г. Н. Георгиев, 624 с., с ил.

Author(s): Slavi Slavov / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2015

Book Review

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