За „Кратко изложение за соединението на двете училища Свищовски, училището на божественното преображение и свети Апостоли“ на Емануил Васкидович, или първият публикуван общински устав на български език

Author(s): Dora Savova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The publication of Emanuel Vaskidovitch „Kratko izlozhenieza saedinenieto na dvete uchilishta Svishtovski“ is known to the researchers, as an application of “Hristiyansko pouchenie ili sokrashtenie na Sveshtenniyata katihisisa” however to this day no researcher has commented upon the master copies which have been used for the making of the publication. „Kratko izlozhenie“in essence, it’s the first printed draft for the communities` statute in the Bulgarian language. In the present article i demonstrate my thesis, that the author adjusts the only known published statute of Greek Orthodox community from the early19th century „Sistyma i diatagai“, compounded from Melenikon’s citizens in 1813is made known to the Bulgarian public. Source of unmatched value, this statute provides us with precious information for the development of the subsidiarity, for the entry of social elements in the Melenikon’s administration, as for the rules which this happens.

Bulgarian Blagoev Commune in the Context of the Formation of the Soviet Totalitarian System (1920s – 1930s)

Author(s): Mykhailo Zhurba,Viktor Dotsenko,Nataliia Chernihovets / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2021

Based on the analysis of the sources and academic literature, the article comprehensively presents a critical analysis of the activities of the Bulgarian Blagoev Commune. The article covers the details of the organisation and functioning of the collective, the tasks set by the Bolshevik authorities. The article characterises the process of adaptation to a different country, the relations of the members of the commune with the local population and ties to Ukrainian associations. The results and consequences of the economic and financial activities of the international commune on the territory of Ukraine are generalised. The authors draw attention to the fact that the conscientious work of the members of the commune was used by the political regime under the slogans of building a bright future for the sake of an unrealistic socialist goal. Special focus is put on the party and public activities of the members of the commune. The contradictory nature of the position of the Soviet government regarding the newly created collective, the evolution of its party and state policy and the tragic fate of the leadership of the commune in the 1930s are discussed. The article outlines the recommendations on the practical application of the historical experience of the international collective in the context of international cooperation.

Ново изследване за руската позиция към Балканските войни 1912 – 1913

Author(s): Hristo Berov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

Кризите като катарзис: политически, социални, стопански и културни измерения на екстремните ситуации в историята

Author(s): Elitsa Nenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

Годишно съдържание

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

В НОВИТЕ БРОЕВЕ НА СПИСАНИЯТА НА ,,АЗ-БУКИ“ ЧЕТЕТЕ

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

„Кризите като катарзис – политически, социални, стопански и културни измерения на екстремните ситуации в историята“

Author(s): Ani Istatkova-Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

Et ainxi comme Dieu het orgueil ... L’allégorie de Prudence faite histoire dans la Chronique de Morée

Author(s): Stadnichenko Yaroslav / Language(s): French Issue: 5/2021

The Chronicle of Morea, a text written in the 14th century at the crossroads of Western and Byzantine worlds, features an episode in which a certain Kantakouzenos, a Byzantine general, is killed during a brief encounter of the Byzantine and the Moreote armies near a place called Sergiana. The episode appears in all three main versions of the Chronicle—Greek, French, and Aragonese—although the details of the anecdote are different. The French version of the Chronicle explains the death of Kantakouzenos as an act of divine punishment for the deadly sin of pride. This article argues that the episode was at least indirectly inspired by the Psychomachia of Prudentius, an allegorical poem of the early 5th century which exerted an immense influence on the Medieval West, thus proving that the Principality of Achaia belonged to the same cultural space. This recalls several other examples of Psychomachia’s influences, both in literature and art, notably in France. The differences between the three versions of the Chronicle of Morea are also analyzed in connection to this particular episode.

Form and Function of the Old Czech Lists of New Testament Lections

Author(s): Andrea Svobodová,Katerina Volekova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

À la fin du Moyen Âge, les manuscrits bibliques étaient souvent complétés par des textes non bibliquestrès divers, progressivement utilisés à la place des auxiliaires liturgiques. Ils pouvaient être employés pendantla liturgie de la messe au lieu des missels et des lectionnaires, et dans la prière quotidienne à la place des bréviaires. Cette tendance peut être observée dans les sources bibliques tchèques, dans le cas des péricopes pour lamesse. Les évangéliaires, c’est-à-dire l’ensemble de péricopes en texte intégral, prédominaient, au xive siècle,mais ils ont été complètement remplacés, au xve siècle, par de simples index de péricopes attachés aux manuscritsdu Nouveau Testament ou accompagnés de passages de l’Ancien Testament en texte intégral (en particulierpour la période de quarante jours du Grand Carême). L’étude se concentre sur la transformation de la formeet de la fonction des registres de péricopes copiés dans les sources bibliques tchèques de la fin du Moyen Âge,en particulier sur la pratique liturgique hussite, bien que la question de leur utilisation reste partiellement sansréponse.

The Murals of the Church of Saint-Nicholas at Bârsău in the Late 19th-Century Drawings of Szinte Gábor

Author(s): Ionuţ-Cosmin Codrea / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

Articolul aduce în atenția istoricilor de artă veche transilvăneană o serie de desene și acuarele reprezentând picturile murale ale bisericii „Sfântul Nicolae” din Bârsău, realizate în secolul al XIX-lea. Dintre cele 15planșe păstrate încă în registrele Muzeului Maghiar al Arhitecturii și Centrului Documentar pentru Protejarea Monumentelor de la Budapesta, una îi aparține lui Horváth Miklós, restul lui Szinte Gábor – ambii profesori de desen la Școala Superioară Regală Maghiară de Stat din Deva în perioada 1882-1886. Valoarea de neprețuit a acestor desene este efectul direct al degradărilor continue ale picturilor bisericii din Bârsău. Stadiul dezastruos de conservare din ziua de astăzi face ca cercetarea picturilor datate în a doua jumătate a secolului al XVI-lea să fie aproape imposibilă pornind de la realitatea in situ.

Neagoe Basarab at Sinai

Author(s): Alice Isabella Sullivan / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

Mănăstirea Sfânta Ecaterina de pe Muntele Sinai păstrează un portret al lui Neagoe Basarab și al familiei sale, pictat pe capacul interior al unui scrin din lemn. Imaginea oferă dovezi fizice ale contactelor dintre Țara Românească și Mănăstirea Sinai în timpul lui Neagoe Basarab, a cărui domnie a continuat îndelungata tradiție a patronajului domnilor români asupra locurilor sfinte.

The Painter Grigorie Popovici and His Master Jovan. Contacts Between East and West During the Second Half of the 18th Century

Author(s): Cristina Cojocaru / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

Grégoire Zugravul (‘le Peintre’), connu toute sa vie comme Papathodor, Popovici et Frujinescu, a été l’un des peintres les plus importants de la Valachie à la fin du XVIIIe siècle et l’initiateur du courant d’occidentalisation dans l’art local. Constantin Săndulescu-Verna a découvert dans un carnet de croquis ayant appartenuau peintre que Grégoire est né près de Bucarest, dans le village de Frunzănești, au sein de la famille du prêtrepeintre Tudor, et qu’il a fait son apprentissage en 1766, à la l’âge de 16 ans, auprès d’un certain maître Jean / kirIancu. Ensemble, les deux hommes ont voyagé pendant dix ans sur le territoire de l’Empire des Habsbourg etont signé ensemble l’iconostase du monastère de Lepavina en Croatie, ainsi que celui de l’église de la Nativité de Saint-Jean-Baptiste à Székesfehérvár, en Hongrie. De retour en 1777, Grégoire a commencé une carrière prolifiqueen tant que peintre d’icônes; mais il a également peint les fresques de l’Église de l’Icône (Biserica Icoanei) àBucarest, des enluminures de manuscrits et des peintures à l’huile, y compris la vaste composition historique représentant Nicolas Mavrogheni distribuant des récompenses aux soldats qui avaient participé aux combatscontre les Autrichiens (1789), aujourd’hui dans les collections du Musée National d’Art de Roumanie, à Bucarest. Jusqu’à présent, cependant, l’identité de Maître Jean et la portée européenne de la carrière de Grégoire n’étaient pas connues en Roumanie. On considérait à tort que Jean devait être un peintre local, identifié soit au maître de l’école de peinture de l’évêché de Râmnic, soit à Ivan ‘le Russe’ (Rusul), maître de l’école de peinture du monastère de Căldărușani. Plus récemment, C. Săndulescu-Verna et M. Sabados ont supposé qu’il pouvait être d’origine balkanique, mais sans réussir à repérer son identité précise : peut-être un peintre grec ou macédo-valaque. La présente étude relie pour la première fois les recherches roumaines sur ce sujet à celles menées en Serbie(Aleksandra Kučeković), Bulgarie (Emmanuel Moutafov) et Bosnie-Herzégovine (Ljiljana Ševo). Les documents permettent d’identifier ‘kir Iancu’ avec Jovan Četirević Grabovan, aroumain d’Albanie, auteur de fresques dusanctuaire et de la nef de la cathédrale épiscopale de Roman (Moldavie). La carrière de ce dernier est jalonnéepar les étapes d’un parcours remarquable pour cette époque. Ses voyages relient littéralement l’Occident à l’Europe de l’Est, de la Croatie en Russie à travers Buda et Bucarest, et dessinent une perspective entièrementnouvelle sur les relations qui animaient le milieu culturel des peintres valaques du XVIIIe siècle. Comme Jovan, son élève Grégoire a joué également le rôle d’un ‘véhicule’ exemplaire des transferts culturels entre Occident et Orient, maillon d’un grand réseau commercial et politique développé à l’intersection des trois grands Empires: ottoman, russe et autrichien. Il a influencé de manière décisive l’évolution de l’atelier de peinture du monastèrede Cernica et s’est imposé comme une figure clé de la scène artistique locale ; il a été l’un des premiers peintresà moderniser l’art local. Par-delà les éclaircissements qu’elle apporte sur l’apprentissage de Grégoire Popovici,cette étude permet aussi d’attribuer les icônes de l’iconostase de l’Église Manea Brutaru de Bucarest au peintreJovan Četirević Grabovan, et d’identifier dix nouvelles oeuvres du peintre Grégoire, y compris les fresques del’Église de l’Icône à Bucarest. Elle transcrit sept inscriptions inédites des icônes de cette église et identifie le ssources artistiques du cahier de modèles du peintre et des icônes de l’iconostase de la chapelle dédiée à Saint Lazare au monastère de Cernica dans un exemplaire de la Bible Ectypa ayant appartenu au même Maître Jean.

Revealing the History of the Objects. A Synergy between Restorers and Chemists (RICONTRANS Project Research)

Author(s): Ana Dumitran / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

The ‘life’ of an object (the date of creation and its ‘adventure’ throughout time) can be revealed through a masterly interplay of historical, conservation, and scientific investigation. This is why a fruitful collaboration between chemists and restorers within the RICONTRANS Project(Visual Culture, Piety and Propaganda: Transfer and Reception of Russian Religious Art in the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean (16th-early 20th c.) has been initiated, in order to gain new insights into the phenomenon of the transfer and reception of Russian iconography in Transylvania.

Ruzha Neykova. Ethnocultural Parallels along the Route of the Old Bulgarians in the Balkan-Caucasian Territories and the Volga Region. Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Publishing House of BAS / Tangra TanNakRa Foundation, 2015. 520 p.

Author(s): Veselka Toncheva / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

Book review

“Central and Eastern Europe after the First World War”. Edited by Burkhard Olschowsky, Piotr Juszkiewicz, and Jan Rydel. De Gruyter, Olderbourg. 2021. 435p.

Author(s): Paul Popa / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Периодика 2021

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 43/2021

Content of the main Bulgarian scientific journals for the current year in linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography, archaeology, and art studies

Гробът на Хаджи Димитър e под връх Хаджи Димитър в Стара планина

Author(s): Vera Boneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article presents archival materials and other historical sources which keep primary information about the death and funeral of the famous Bulgarian rebel leader Hadzhi Dimitar Asenov (1840 – 1868) who originates from the town of Sliven. The widely accepted thesis that Hadzhi Dimitar was deadly shot during the Buzludzha battle (18th July 1868) and was buried at the place of the battle has been proven once again by bringing new motives and logical arguments. The funeral of the famous revolutionary on the Buzludzha peak (named in 1942 Hadzhi Dimitar peak) has been confirmed with memorial and archaeological pieces of evidence. Both re-burials of the fallen heroes (1898 and 1961) provide additional data in that direction. Despite scientific argumentation of the said thesis, the article also interprets some uncertain and contradictory evidence about the eventual death of Hadzhi Dimitar on the Kadrafil peak, located in the Sredna gora mountain – 50 km away from Bualudzha peak in the Stara planina mountain. Neither factual nor logical arguments of this legend withstand scientific criticism. Nevertheless, they are persistently popularized by local patriots, originating mainly from the village Svezhen (formerly called Ajar – until 1934). Furthermore, supporters of the so called Adjar's legend are trying to give national status of their unscientific claims about the death and burial of the famous revolutionary leader Hadzhi Dimitar Asenov. Their unjustified actions are conceptualized in the scientific context of the cultural memory theory. The dispute between the scientific version and the Adjar's legend is explained by the different approaches of historical science and cultural memory toward a single fact from the past – the last moments of a national hero's life. The professional historiography works with objective facts, scientific methods and logical arguments. Cultural memory attracts convenient hypotheses, mythological plots and unprovable local memories.

Нови извори за научните занимания и интереси по архивистика на акад. Иван Дуйчев

Author(s): Rusalena Pendzhekova-Hristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article presents unknown documentary evidence from the archival heritage of Acad. Ivan Simeonov Duichev (1907 – 1986), stored in the Center for Slavic-Byzantine Studies “Prof. Ivan Duychev” (CSVP). In terms of content, they represent a valuable historical source, containing information about his research activities and interests in archival science in the 50s of the twentieth century. The sources and archeographic aspects of the newly discovered document are considered. The contributions of Acad. Duychev in the field of theoretical archival science after the publication of his “Lectures on archival science” in 1950are presented.

РЕЦЕПЦИЈА И РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЈА ХОЛОКАУСТА У ИСТОЧНОМ БЕРЛИНУ И БЕОГРАДУ НАКОН ДРУГОГ СВЕТСКОГ РАТА

Author(s): Milena R. Nešić Pavković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 75/2021

The goal of this paper is to investigate the memory of the Holocaust, i.e. the reception and representation of the suffering of the Jewish population during the rule of the Third Reich (under Nazi rule and occupation) in the capitals of the states constituted after the Second World War - in East Berlin, GDR, and Belgrade, SFRY, during the period from 1945 to 1989/1991. Relying on the achievements of memory studies and analyzing the political moods of that time and the ways of constructing official narratives about Jewish suffering in selected post-war Communist countries, the similarities and differences in the policy of representing Jewish suffering in these two countries and the memory of Jewish victims in places of remembrance and in the practices of remembrance in their capitals will be pointed out.

The image of the Russian Enlightened monarch in the Romanian culture at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth century

Author(s): Alexandra Chiriac,Ana Catană-Spenchiu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This paper aims to reconstruct the way in which the Romanian written culture from the second half of the eighteenth century and the beginning of the nineteenth gradually built the image of the Russian Enlightened monarchy with three of its most famous representatives: Peter II, Catherine II and Alexander I. By means of translating from Italian and German historiography, these texts served a double goal: on the one hand they satisfied the reader’s need for knowledge and understanding of the contemporary events, and on the other they contributed to a political discourse that viewed Russia and the Russian Orthodox monarchy as potential saviours of the Romanian principalities from the oppression of the Muslim Ottoman Empire. By means of translation analysis, we have attempted to illustrate how the Western image of an Eastern monarch, guided by a blend of Western philosophy and Eastern Orthodox tradition, was transferred in the Romanian culture as a scientific base for political and cultural decisions.