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Приложение на проектно базираното обучение в уроците по литература (I – IV клас)

Author(s): Zlatina Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2022

Children of the XXI century communicate globally and have unlimited access to information resources. But often this abundance of information does not lead to systematic knowledge, which indicates that children must learn to absorb it properly. The article examines the possibilities of applying project-based learning in literature lessons in the primary educational stage. This innovative method offers a new type of pedagogical interaction regarding the learning content of the subject, related to achieving the necessary basic level of native language communication in the 1st – 4th grade stage. Project-based learning is also applicable in the context of building literary competences by working with a literary text, which is a major part of the formation of language literacy and is associated with students' skills to recognize, understand and interpret the specific information it carries.

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Од комичног хапшења до скупштинске трагедије: Слика Стјепана Радића у београдској грађанској штампи (1925–1928)

Author(s): Vukašin Zorić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2022

This paper analyzes the image of Stjepan Radić, the leader of the Croatian (Republican) Peasant Party, in the Belgrade bourgeois press (1925–1928). Radić’s image had been abruptily changed because he 1) was arrested for connections with the Soviet Union (January 1925); 2) abruptly changed his policies and recognized the Constitution and the Karađorđević dynasty (March 1925); 3) died as a consequence of an assassination in the Parliament. Analyzing the image of Radić made media’s discursive practices in moments of crisis understandable. The case of Radić had shown that a short period of time is sufficient for abrupt image changes in a society with limited freedom of press. It has also shown the harmful effects of bourgeois interest groups on the freedom of expression.

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„Powiem głośno: oto co czyniłem, co myślałem, czym byłem”. Głos, pismo, audiobiografie

Author(s): Marta Rakoczy / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

In this paper, I reflect on the source of insufficient research on spoken autobiographies and audiobiographies. Tracing the source of the genre’s oversight as a stand-alone genre worthy of in-depth research that benefits from the achievements of orality studies, I point to Jean Jacques Rousseau’s modern metaphysics of voice. In this paper I argue that audiobiography is neither a fictional creation nor a testimony. It is a genre of verbal creativity that demands in-depth research examining its cultural location and socio-political functions. To study audiobiographical performance, I argue, one must see voice and the genres based on it as a medium full of ambivalence, tensions, and negotiations happening within the field of social institutions and their actors. It is also necessary to see in it the artful practices of word art: vivid, variant improvisations that, drawing on linguistic and extra-linguistic means at any given moment, construct a life story that is, in this sense, a form of oral creativity in that it is not the only possible work of coherence, torn from the relations of the subject.

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Taśmy. O nagraniach spotkań z pisarzami w Muzeum Józefa Czechowicza

Author(s): Aleksander Wójtowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The paper presents audio tapes from the collection of the Józef Czechowicz Museum in Lublin. The tapes include the recordings from writers’ meetings, which took place in the institution in the 70’s and 80’s. It deals with the main problems connected with editing archival materials, highlights the most important parts of those meetings regarded as a practice situated on the border of literature.

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O-mówienie. Siedem okrążeń wokół Ewy Zarzyckiej

Author(s): Marta Baron-Milian / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The article is an attempt to describe the work of Polish performer Ewa Zarzycka in the perspective of trasmedia autobiographical artistic practices. The metaphor of ‘circumlocution’ in the title of the article captures the specific perifrastic peculiarities of Zarzycka’s performances and texts, that constantly ‘circulate in the orbit’ of the language around notions of art, the artistic situation and the artist’s life. Most of all, the objects of interpretation in the article are ‘spoken performances’, ‘written drawings’ and notebooks, authored by Ewa Zarzycka, as various artistic practices that are connected by narrative and autobiographical quality, related in a specific way to the corporeality of voice and handwriting in transmedia ‘circulation’ between writing, sound and picture.

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Autobiografia jako „obiekt znaleziony” w eseistyce Adama Ważyka

Author(s): Andrzej Zieniewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The article discusses the features of Adam Ważyk’s autobiographical essays written in the 1960s which relate it to the programmes and theories of the Futurist avant-garde of the 1920s, especially the proposals of understanding poetry which were close to the idea of the found object. However, neither in these programmes nor in his own (later) biography does Ważyk notice, or rather he very carefully withholds, the tendency for avant-garde ideas to turn into a fascination with totalitarian ideologies, mainly leftist, which after all characterised his own stance as an author in the first half of the 1950s.

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Raport z (twojego) wnętrza. Autobiografia drugoosobowa w prozie Paula Austera

Author(s): Joanna Jeziorska-Haładyj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The article tackles the problem of second person autobiographical narrative, focusing on Paul Auster’s prose, especially on his 2013 book Report from the Interior. The analysisconcentrates on the function of replacing the “I” with the “you”, which co

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The Rhetoric of Discourse on “the Imperialist Bloc” in The Cominform Newspaper 1947-1956

Author(s): Florin Abraham / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2002

If the war is, according to a famous definition, the continuation of peace with different means, then we can define the cold war sui generis as a state of conflict in which propaganda (ideological) weapons, military and economic competition are used, but every now and then boosted by warm conflicts.

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Wartościowanie osób z otyłością w polskim wordnecie

Author(s): Dorota Pazio-Wlazłowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2022

The article presents a way of evaluation of obese people in the Wordnet (Słowosieć)− a relational semantic dictionary of the Polish language available on-line at http://plwordnet.pwr.wroc.pl/wordnet/. Three dimensions in which an obese person is evaluated are analyzed:appearance, activities undertaken, relationships with the environment. The study shows thatthe obese person is too big, common, clumsy, annoying and disgusting. Obese people do nottake care of themselves, because they are lazy. Lexicon characterized obese people is valuednegatively, which can be seen both in expositions, emotional annotations „strong negative”,„weak negative”, as well as in examples of use.

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The image of Russia and Russians in polish internet memes

Author(s): Dorota Dziadosz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2022

The aim of the research presented in the article has been to analyse selected Polish Internet memes concerning Russia and Russians, as well as to present the image of Russia and Russians emerging from the analysed memes. The research material has been obtained from Internet websites: demotywatory.pl, memy.pl, and besty.pl. It has been divided into thematic groups and subjected to the analysis. The findings of the research are not surprising. Internet memes sustain the stereotypes functioning in Polish society regarding Russia and Russians, superficially address the topic, high- Wizerunek Rosji i Rosjan w polskich memach internetowych 127 light antagonisms and occasionally distort reality. The image of Russia and Russians emerging form the memes shows that in fact Polish people know neither their neighbours nor their neighbours’ country, and they merely reproduce common opinions.

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Przymiotnik covidowy jako klucz do rozumienia rzeczywistości w czasie pandemii

Author(s): Jolanta Jóźwiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2022

This article presents the cognitive semantic analysis of the adjective covid in collocations that appeared in the widely understood media space during the COVID19 pandemic. The main goal is to define the thematic spheres in which the collocations with the studied adjective have become established. In addition, the aim is also to check whether the covid adjective has only a relational meaning, and if not, then to reveal the implied meanings, important in communication, next to the reference to the name of the disease entity. As a result of the analysis, 4 main spheres of use were distinguished: the general sphere, the medical sphere (health care system), the legal and administrative sphere, and the financial and economic sphere with thematic subgroups. It was also found that the conceptualization of the covid concept includes additional semantic elements depending on the sphere of use. The covid adjective turned out to be semantically very capacious and effective to describe and explain the so-called new reality.

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Analiza zjawiska zmiany w procesie wiary i praktyk Polaków na podstawie Komunikatu z Badań CBOS „Religijność młodych na tle ogółu społeczeństwa” w odniesieniu do teorii mediatyzacji religii S. Hjarvarda

Author(s): Rafał Jakub Pastwa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2022

The aim of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of change in the process of faith and practices of Poles on the basis of the CBOS Research Communication Religiousness of young people against the background of the general public, published in November 2021 in relation to the process of mediatization of religion. The analytical-synthetic method and the non-media-centric approach were used. The analysis of the CBOS report on changes in the process of faith and practices of Poles made it possible to notice unprecedented changes in this area in the two youngest age cohorts. The main reasons for the decline in religious beliefs and practices, especially of the youngest Poles, go beyond the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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DIGITAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS IN EXPORT TRANSACTIONS OF POLISH ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author(s): Tomasz Napiórkowski / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

Purpose – The article aims to identify the relationship between the communication shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the digitalization of communication channels in the transaction process, and the exports of Polish enterprises.Research method – The following methods are used: descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and non-parametric one-way analysis of variance (Kruskal-Wallis test) based on data from a diagnostic survey conducted on a representative sample of Polish exporters.Results – The communication shock caused by the restriction of face-to-face meetings with foreign counterparties had, among many factors, the most negative impact on Polish enterprises’ export transaction opportunities during the pandemic. However, hypotheses that there are relationships between export performance, export opportunities and the use of digital communication channels, and the digitalization of communication under pandemic conditions were rejected. The absence of such relationships refers to Solow’s paradox of the lack of efficiency effects of digital technologies implementation.Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Conclusions enhance knowledge of the digitalization of international economic transactions, and in particular, the efficiency of the utilization of digital communication channels in export transactions under pandemic conditions.

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„РАДНИЧКЕ НОВИНЕ” И „БУДУЋНОСТ” 1912‒1915. ГОДИНЕ (ПОГЛЕД НА РАТНУ ЦЕНЗУРУ)

Author(s): Nenad Ž. Petrović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2022

The paper deals with the censorship of two opposition socialdemocratic newspapers during four years of the Balkan wars and the First World War. ”Radničke Novine” moved its editorial office to Niš in the summer of 1914. The newspaper was the target of censorship. After its closure in the summer of 1915, ”Budućnost“ was launched as a nominally new newspaper, which continued the publication of ”Radničke Novine”. The paper deals with the examples of censorship by omitting parts or whole texts, leaving white parts as a trace of intervention. Also, the paper tries to explain motives for the implementation of censorship over these two newspapers and points to examples when censorship did not intervene. The paper presents an attempt to look at the problem of freedom of press in the conditions of war. At the beginning of the First World War, the Government introduced anticonstitutional preventive censorship. While data on the press censorship before the beginning of the First World War are obtained from the police and court documents, we learn about censorship intervention during the war period indirectly according to white parts of the printed text. The censor used to mark inappropriate parts in a submitted text, and then the typesetter had to delete the text from the prepared setting. In contrast to the pre‐war practice, in case of the newly introduced censorship, the censor was not obliged to explain in writing the measure of prohibition, and therefore we do not have documents, from which we could find out what was written in those parts of the text that were deleted. One can only speculate about this from the context of the paper.

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Метафорическая креация дихотомии „вертикаль– горизонталь” в цифровом политическом дискурсе (на примере корпуса мемов о встрече Путина и Лукашенко в Сочи)

Author(s): Żanna Sładkiewicz / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 15/2021

Internet memes are deined as the main structural unit of the modern media space (A. Kvyat), possessing a high persuasive potential. They are viewed not only as an instant reaction of users to events but also as a way of expressing political opinion. The aim is to analyse the metaphorical creation of vertically oriented relations in digital political discourse using the example of a corpus of memes on the theme of the meeting of Presidents Putin and Lukashenko in Sochi in 2020. We interpret the meme as an elaborate semantic complex capable of instant replication, usually of verbal-iconic expression, referring to different spheres-sources that the communicant must identify. In this regard, a high intertextual density of Internet memes is their constitutive feature, and the key requirement for their adequate perception is the general apperception base of the communicants and the recipient’s ability to see the cultural signs embedded in the meme. When comprehending complex international relations in political memetics, the conceptual metaphor of vassalage is actualized. To solve the research problems, the methods of interpretive and intersemiotic analysis, the main provisions of the theory of conceptual metaphor by J. Lakoff and M. Johnson, as well as the theory of conceptual integration (blending, or conceptual amalgams) by G. Fauconnier and M. Turner are used. The emphasis is on considering the iconic component. As a result of the research, the slots of the amalgam „Lukashenko is Putin’s vassal” represented by memes were identiied and described taking into account the connections of this metaphorical construct with other fragments of the collective cognitive space. The seme of „subordination and dependence” that gave rise to the conceptual amalgam is explicated through the integration of the sphere of politics with the conceptual spaces of other asymmetric relations (family, feudalism, love relationship). When analysing the corpus of memes, their characteristic property – the realization of valence – was clearly revealed. Due to their topicality, anonymity and prevalence, Internet memes are an indicator of public sentiment and a means of forming the mental attitudes of society.

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Białoruskojęzyczne komentarze na forum internetowym Tut.by

Author(s): Anna Berenika Siwirska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2021

An article on the characteristics of comments in the Belarusian language posted on the Tut.by forum. At the beginning of the article; the author examines the popularity of the Belarusian language among forum users by compiling the number of Belarusian and Russian-language comments under the most commented articles posted on the forum Tut.by. As a result of the analysis; it was proved that although the Russian language dominates the discussed forum; Belarusian-language comments are present under each of the selected articles. However; since the main goal of the article is to characterize Belarusian-language comments; searching for individual statements under articles seemed to be an ineffective way of collecting a sufficient amount of material. Therefore; it was decided to create a text corpus consisting of a sample of the last 50 entries of 13 Internet users who between January 1 - March 31 2019; posted at least one Belarusian-language post on the Tut.by forum. In this way; a set of texts was created consisting of 890 unique segments; on the basis of which further analysis was carried out. As a result of the research; it was found that Belarusian-language comments are very diverse in terms of their content and form. Although most of the Belarusian-language authors of these posts presented common attitudes; they participated in online discussions on various topics; and their comments differed greatly in terms of linguistic correctness and diligence; the level of emotionality; the way of verbalizing non-verbal signs and the culture of conversation. Therefore; it seems reasonable to conclude that the variety of the Belarusian language researched on the Tut.by forum is very diverse; and the individual skills and preferences of each Internet user plays a decisive role in its form.

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Infodemia dezinformacji na temat COVID-19 w Ukrainie

Author(s): Rafał Kęsek / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 04/2022

The aim of this article is to analyze the phenomenon of infodemic and related disinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic that shaped the Ukrainian infosphere in 2020-2022. The considerations contained in the text focus mainly on the specific features of the phenomenon at issue, and are an attempt to answer the question of how much the disinformationon COVID-19 in the Ukrainian version differs from analogous trends shaping the internal situation and the infosphere in other countries around the world. The article presents a working thesis that the covid infodemic in Ukraine had, first of all, a clear external provenance (largely single-source), as well as a highly adaptive nature, as a function and element of a wider disinformation campaign carried out by the Russian Federation towards Ukraine and its inhabitants. The presented analysis allowed to identify the main elements characteristic of the disinformation infodemic in Ukraine and confirm the dependence of the studied phenomenon on an external factor, i.e. the influence of the Russian Federation.

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Smakując inność. Pop-etnografia jedzenia w programie podróżniczym Szokujące potrawy

Author(s): Piotr Małczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

The article analyses the travel discourse in a television programme Shocking dishes. This paper examines the representation of cultural differences in the media. The interpretation of image of Others is based, among others, on the cognitive theory of metonymy. Shocking dishes is a travel and cuisine television show hosted by traveller and anthropologist Jarosław Nowak. In each episode, Nowak focuses on the cuisine of a particular country (Peru, Singapore, Vietnam, Cambodia, Kazakhstan and Georgia), which is perceived as being disgusting, exotic or bizarre. He shows how the food is procured, where it is served, and he usually eats it. Cuisine serves as an example of metonymy for local culture. The traveller uses his anthropological knowledge to explain culinary and cultural differences. He also promotes cultural relativism. At the same time, the show is full of exoticization of Others by showing local communities through “shocking food”.

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HOW AL-QAEDA AND ISIS EMPLOYED MEDIA? A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Author(s): Aiman Abboushi,Sharifah Hayaati Syed Ismail al-Qudsy,Amer Abdulwahab / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Terrorist movements express their discourse through messages, which they are keen to send a specific state or people or the whole world. However, terrorist blasts are not the only message, but rather ideological reasoning accompanies every terrorist act. This was clearly observable in the discourse of Al-Qa’eda, especially as the group tried to rely on considerable grievances which cannot be denied. Al-Qa’eda has a wide and accumulated experience in turns and events, which make it a phenomenon worthy of study. With the development of Al-Qa’eda’s experience, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria’s power, speed of spread, ascendancy and brutality since it took control of Mosul without noticeable resistance on June 20, 2013 has been remarkable. This moment was a point of transformation in the media’s view of the organization. And it becomes clear that any of both organizations will not be sustainable so long as they lack justifications considered reasonable by outside observers and lack grievances to push their soldiers to recruit youth and convince them with their media arguments.

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THE PALESTINIAN ISSUE IN THE MEDIA DISCOURSES OF TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS

Author(s): Adel Salama,Sharifah Hayaati Syed Ismail al-Qudsy,Osman Rasip,Amer Abdulwahab / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This article examines the extent to which the Palestinian issue is exploited to promote cross-border terrorist movements. The analytical descriptive approach is employed to explore the evolution of the terrorist organizations, and trace the ideology, means, and content of their media discourse. The article reveals that the extremist groups utilized the value, sanctity, and nobility of the Palestinian issue to influence Arab and Islamic societies in an attempt to give legitimacy and credibility to their presence, media discourse, and terrorist acts; disseminate their extremist ideologies; rally support and recruit new elements, and emotionally influence the public perception. The article also concluded that these terrorist organizations refrained from targeting the Israeli occupation and opposed the Palestinian national narrative about the national and political nature of the Palestinian struggle.

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