Digital Humanities Culture: Enabler or Obstacle for the Development of Human Dignity?

Author(s): Stefan Bratosin / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The turn imposed by new digital technologies of information and communication to humanities and social sciences is not limited to a mutation in the sphere of superficial uses. The phenomenon of digital humanities is before all but after all, an expression of the profound changes taking place in scientific thinking, a change whose major effect is the blurring of the border between substance and function. Therefore, the question that arises is that of the consequences of the penetration of technique into epistemic order.

Distributed gatekeeping. Uncovering the patterns of linking behaviors on Facebook

Author(s): Wojciech Walczak,Michał Meina,Krzysztof Olechnicki / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2017

Based on an analysis of 770,269 links posted by 1,969 Polish Facebook users, the present article investigates how the users’ characteristics infl uence their link-sharing behaviors, and how these characteristics are related to social rewards received for posting links. Male users, older ones and inhabitants of larger cities tend to link more to politics-related news (they also receive more social feedback for doing that) while female users, younger ones and inhabitants of smaller locations tend to link more to entertainment-related sites. The cluster analysis of linking strategies of Facebook users suggests that the most common behavior is to provide a mixture of news and entertainment-related links, although pure “news-keeper” and “entertainment-keeper” types of users are distinguishable.

CAN PR 2.0 BE EXPLAINED?

Author(s): Diana Popova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2012

The paper addresses the issue of PR 2.0 and how it is related to Web 2.0. Analyzed are the factors which have brought about the changes in traditional PR. Focused are the new expectations of businesses and their clients regarding interaction via social media. The main thrust of the paper is the new power of bonding a traditional profession with the latest developments in communication channels

Between neutrality and engagement: Political journalism in Hungary

Author(s): Péter Bajomi-Lázár / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2017

After the political transformation, Hungarian journalism organizations and media policy makers attempted to introduce the standards and practices of neutrality-seeking journalism, yet most news outlets continued to off er engaged accounts of political events and issues. Why was the professionalization of journalism interrupted? This paper attempts to answer this question by offering an overview of the comparative media systems literature in search of the factors shaping journalism practices and by placing Hungary on the map of media systems. Th en it suggests that different audience needs may be an additional factor explaining the dominance of different journalism practices in diff erent media systems, with the public in transition societies seeking confirmation rather than information when using the media.

Populism, de-globalization, and media competition: The spiral of noise

Author(s): Henrik Müller / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2017

Populism is increasingly turning against globalization, thereby threatening the stability of the international order. In the vast debate about the causes of the current backlash many factors have been discussed, without explicitly analyzing the role of the media. Th is paper strives to fill this gap. It focuses on the interaction between politics, economics, and the media in the context of globalization-related issues. In applying a media economic framework it shows that the rise of populism can be interpreted as the consequence of rational choices of diff erent groups of players. The result is a spiral of noise of ever more extreme anti-globalist rhetoric and policies.

The elusive cyber beasts: How to identify the communication of pro-Russian hybrid trolls in Latvia’s internet news sites?

Author(s): Anda Rožukalne,Klavs Sedlenieks / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2017

Th e research described here was performed on the background of the geopolitical fluctuations in Eastern Europe and the annexation of Crimea by Russia. Th ese events caused fear of pro-Russian propaganda particularly in the so-called Internet hybrid-trolls, i.e., commentators who are on the payroll of Russian state agencies who disrupt internet discussion boards with massive pro-Russian information and opinions. This paper describes methodology of identifying possible hybrid-trolls, data gathering from the biggest Latvian online news sites (delfi .lv, apollo.lv, tvnet.lv) that provide information in Latvian and Russian language, and analysis of the data by means of quantitative analysis as well as qualitative, that included content analysis and a case study. The analysis shows that the presence of pro-Russian hybrid trolls is inconclusive. However, following the outlined methodology some cases were recorded. Quantitative as well as qualitative analyses demonstrate that the overall presence and exposure of the alleged trolls in the given period was insignificant and the infl uence of trolls on public opinion highly questionable.

The utilization of journalistic sources in the national press: Communicating the transition from economic crisis 1to sustainable growth

Author(s): Theodora Maniou,Irene Photiou,Nikleia Eteokleous,Ioannis Seitanidis / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2017

Th is paper discusses the role and utilization of journalistic sources in the process of communicating the transitional path of a society in crisis towards economic and sustainable growth. It is mainly concerned with the general tendency of the press to display a high degree of manipulation of public opinion by reduction of the diversity of sources and/or their misuse. Cyprus was selected as a case study not only because newspapers still play a dominant role in shaping public opinion in contrast to New Media, but also because sustainable growth has been the basic argument and rhetoric in governmental communication policy, which promoted it as one of the main means in overcoming the ongoing economic/banking crisis the country has been facing since the bailout of the banking sector in 2013. Th e aim of this research is to examine which categories of journalistic sources shape this topic in the current public sphere and the way(s) journalists perceive and practice the utilization of their sources. Content analysis has been employed as the basic methodological tool, while a questionnaire survey on journalists of the national press was additionally conducted in order to explain these findings and conclude the study.

The European Union’s voice in the debate of the global governance of the internet

Author(s): Alicja Jaskiernia / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2017

Th is paper examines the European Union’s policy regarding internet regulation. EU policy is examined regarding its role in the debate about internet governance at internal and global levels primarily. Based on the document currently accepted by European institutions, the paper first analyses the position of the European Union on key problems connected with the global debate on internet governance, such as the globalization of IANA and ICANN and increasing the role of other participants in the governance process. The paper attempts to reconstruct the current position of the European Union on internet governance and the vision and rules that the EU intends to promote on different platforms of the global discussion on the future of the internet.

Changes in the mediatization of politics

Author(s): Jesper Strömbäck,Róża Smolak / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2017

Student-Friendly and Critical Book about Visual Methodologies. Praise and Critique.

Author(s): Zsuzsanna Géring / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Visual Methodologies. An Introduction to Researching with Visual Materials by Gillian Rose (4th Edition. London, Sage, 2016)

Tabu – aspekty pragmatyczne

Author(s): Aleksander Kiklewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (227)/2016

The author considers the problem of language taboo in the communication processes. Although usually taboo is regarded as a phenomenon of lexical nomination and concerns forbidden words, the author shows that the language prohibitions occur at all levels: language/speech, discourse/text, sentence/speech act, word/word combination, and phoneme/grapheme. The author pays particular attention to the description of taboo in the field of verbal behavior. Some separate subjects of consideration are such phenomena as political correctness, reintroduction, changing taboos, silence, avoidance speech and others. The empirical material of Slavic and Germanic languages is taken into account.

20 years of complaints: National Broadcasting Council and the Polish audience’s feelings

Author(s): Magdalena Hodalska / Language(s): English Issue: 3 (227)/2016

This study presents the reception of several controversial TV programs which in the last 20 years have violated the social norms of acceptability, inciting an immediate feedback from the outraged viewers who have complained about unwanted media content in their letters addressed to the National Broadcasting Council, the regulatory body for all Polish broadcasters since 1993. The method applied in this study is the content analysis of the letters of complaint, as well as the programs the viewers complained about. The emotional response reveals a lot about the audience’s feelings towards the content which the viewers have found revolting or offensive.

Media w hiszpańskiej Wspólnocie Autonomicznej Galicji. Proces degalicyzacji mediów

Author(s): Dagmara Głuszek-Szafraniec,Zuzanna Waleczek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (227)/2016

This article is about the microsystem of media in the autonomous community of Galicia in Spain. The first part provides a brief historical overview of the political transformation in Spain after 1975 and its impact on regional development. Further on, the role of the mainstream media in the region of Galicia is analyzed: the press (La Voz de Galicia, Xornal de Galicia), radio (Radio Galega) and television (TVG). The last part focuses on the process of desgalleguización, which has been taking place in Galicia since the mid-1990s, and which has adversely affected the status of the Galego language in public spaces. It turns out that Galicia has not been able to use the tools, its autonomous governments has been equipped with to merge the region and to develop linguistic and cultural identity of its inhabitants.

Rosyjskie seriale wczoraj i dziś. Część II

Author(s): Wojciech Kajtoch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (227)/2016

The article in a concise way summarizes first Soviet attempts at production of the TV series. In the years of perestroika and in early 1990s, after having come in contact with the Western productions, the Russian television mastered the production of soap operas and contemporary crime dramas at the end of the 20th century. At the outset the Russian television, while being independent from the state, developed the big-scale production of the TV series. After 2000, the presidency of Putin and the dominance of the state sponsoring accounted for the further development of the Russian TV series market, due to the realization by the state authorities of the educational and propaganda potential of this TV genre. The author describes the most important thematic sub-genres of Russian TV series, such as: military, sensational, historical, and within the latter one especially the historical crime drama.

Siemion Witjaziewskij vel Pantelejmon Juriew (1904-1983) – dziennikarz, poeta i działacz mniejszości rosyjskiej w II Rzeczypospolitej i PRL

Author(s): Adam Radosław Suławka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (227)/2016

This article is a biographical sketch of Panteleimon Yurev, journalist, poet and Russian national minority activist in Poland who was active during the time of the Second Polish Republic (mainly under the nickname Semyon Vitiazevskiy) and the Polish People’s Republic. He published his first poems as the student of gymnasium in Ostroh and was also a member of local poetic group. Soon after his graduation he started to be active in the Russian press in the Second Republic of Poland where he published his poetry, prose, historical essays and political feuilletons in which he attacked Ukrainian national movement and ukrainianisation of Orthodox Chruch in Volhynia. After the end of the World War II he stayed in communist Poland, living in the city of Łódź. He was also engaged in formation of the Russian cultural monthly magazine “Zveno”. After Polish thaw in 1956 he also became a member of Central Administration of the Russian Cultural-Educational Society (Polish: RTKO) and editor-in-chief of Russian newspaper Russkiy Golos which he led until the end. After the liquidation of the RTKO by communist authorities he became one of the co-founder of new Russian minority organization, of which he was a president for a short period of time. Although he was a member of the Polish United Workers’ Party he shared some ideological freedom. But later he was forced to yield for the man supported by communist authorities. After retirement he led pioneer research on history of Russian press in Poland, which was stopped by his death.

From “enlightenment” to “seduction”. The evolution of persuasive strategies in Polish magazines for the youngest children (in the last two decades of the twentieth century)

Author(s): Anna Wileczek,Agnieszka Miernik / Language(s): English Issue: 3 (227)/2016

In this paper authors made a review of the strategies used by the editors of magazines for children. They showed their methods of presenting cognitive and educational contents in the eighties and nineties of the twentieth century. The changes and developments which took place in this field were caused by the political changes. The magazines for children published in the era of the Polish People’s Republic required from the reader careful reading, intense concentration and a lot of patience. From the point of view of the young generation which likes colored, original and interactive media the magazines issued in that period may seem boring. In turn, the conviction created by pop culture that “what is boring cannot be important” limited the scope of contents to prepared sensations, commonness and banal uniqueness. After 1989 publishers in their search for new forms of winning over the youngest readers produced new multimedia magazines combining in a single issue traditional version (paper form), television (programme form) and online (web page). In order to make magazines more attractive in the spirit of unification to make them “magazines for everyone” meant that the seduction of the reader was no longer done by the contents, but by attachments, such as gadgets and “online continuations”. It was the most pronounced direction of the metamorphosis of the magazines for the young readers in the process of adapting the press to the realities of the consumer society which has begun at the end of the eighties of the last century. It was the price paid for the dream of making the magazines as popular as possible and enticing a large number of readers. At the same time it was a chance for the editors to survive in the world of hard economic reality.

Komunikacja marketingowa organizacji pożytku publicznego. Aspekt teoretyczny

Author(s): Ewa Trojak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (227)/2016

In this article the author analyzes Polish Non-Governmental Organizations in the context of their need to use marketing tools. Economic and social situation, in which they are functioning, imposes changes in management that must reflect the real situation, in which non-profit organizations compete with each other on the free market. The work is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the functional aspect of the NGO, its legal, economic and social conditions. The second part, in turn, focuses on the marketing aspect. The author presents different concepts related to the implementation of communication and promotional strategies in such a specific statutory entity as NGO. Everything tends to point the necessary road that American or Western European organizations already follow, and which Polish third sector has not yet fully accepted – road of marketing communication, as one of the key drivers of profitability.

W kręgu Pamiętnika Umiejętności Moralnych i Literatury oraz warszawskiej działalności naukowo-literackiej Krystyna Lacha Szyrmy

Author(s): Aneta Kwiatek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4 (228)/2016

This article analyzes the contents of Pamiętnik Umiejętności Moralnych i Literatury. It was monthly magazine, published in the years 1830 in Warsaw. Pamiętnik Umiejętności Moralnych i Literatury was edited by Krystyn Lach Szyrma who was a professor of philosophy at Warsaw University from 1824 to 1831 as well as writer, journalist, translator, political activist and a pioneer of Polish-British cultural relations. Pamiętnik was a good example of the heterogeneity of the magazines of that time, as well as the general development trends of contemporary press. Despite the ephemeral nature, censorship and financial limitations, frequent changes of editors and contributors the magazine played an important role in both contemporary literary polemics and dissemination of literature.

Szaman w kiosku, czyli polska prasa poświęcona medycynie niekonwencjonalnej

Author(s): Judyta Ewa Perczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4 (228)/2016

This article discusses the small but interesting contemporary Polish alternative medicine press market. Unlike other press segments, this one is dominated by the Polish capital contributed mainly by small companies or institutions; however magazines based on foreign licenses have appeared in recent years. This segment includes scientific and specialist as well as popular magazines publishing articles by both recognized authorities on medicine and natural therapy practitioners, or even readers. The magazines in question promote treatments recognized by the official medicine as well as more controversial ones. This article also includes an overview of terms and definitions related to alternative medicine.

Dziś czarodziejki, jutro… Konstruowanie kobiecości przez wybrane czasopisma dla dziewcząt

Author(s): Justyna Dobrołowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4 (228)/2016

The subject of this article is a content analysis of four popular magazines and newspapers addressed to children and teens: Księżniczka, Czarodziejki W.I.T.C.H., Nowy Twist and Bravo Girl! The essay shows how the conception of the “likeness of woman” and role of woman in contemporary world are presented in popular magazines for young people.