Fašistička doktrina i organizacija države

Author(s): Egidio Reale / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 10/1934

Централна и основна идеја фашистичkе доктрине, како се она развијала и како је била примељивaна у току последњих година, јесте идеја »јединствене, ауторитативне, и нераздвојне « државе, - идеја моhне државе организоване према неумољивим начелима реда, дисциплцне, и јерархије. »Битно начело фашистичке доктрине«, пиcao је Мусолини, »то је концепција државе, њене бити, њене улоге, и њених циљева«. Ко не познаје ту доктрину, не може схватити ни фашизам, ни његову историју, ни његово остварење.

Doktrina Fašizma

Author(s): Benito Mussolini / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 10/1934

Kao svaka zdrava politička koncepcija, Fašizam je u isto vreme i praksa i misao: on je akcija u kojoj je doktrina imanentna. Ta doktrina je nastala iz sistema istorijskih sila, oba je s tim sistemom intimno povezana i deluje iznutra. Oblik Fašizma, prema tome, oclgovara okolnostima mesta i vremena, ali on u isto vreme: ima : jednu idealnu sadržinu koja ga izdiže na formulu istine u višoj istoriji misli. Ne može se vršiti duhovni uticaj na svet, kao ljudska volja koja vlada nad ostalim voljama, ako se ne shvati i ona prolazna i partikularna stvarnost, nad kojom se ima vršiti taj uticaj, i ona druga permanentna i univerzalna stvarnost, u kojoj prva ima svoje biće i svoj život.

Rozwój badań nad komunikowaniem politycznym w Polsce w kontekście światowym

Author(s): Bogusława Dobek-Ostrowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (255)/2023

Political communication is the process of exchanging political messages between political actors and citizens thanks to the available communication channels. The first scientific research appeared before World War II in Anglo‑Saxon countries. The development took place in the late 1960s. The leading topics are: political actors and their activities (election campaigns, political marketing, public relations, advertising), voters, mass and social media. The research dedicated to political communication in Poland began in the 1990s at the universities, mainly in Katowice, Krakow, Lublin, Poznan, Warsaw and Wroclaw.

ТРИЪГЪЛНИКЪТ ЛОГИКА, СТРАТЕГИЯ И КЪСМЕТ В УПРАВЛЕНИЕТО

Author(s): Todor Tanev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

Only fools leave their future to chance. Strategy is the „shepherd's leap“which jumps over contingencies. Even the best non-strategic plans cannot come close to the perfection with which strategy overcomes contingencies and replaces them with the primordial desires of a well-intentioned leadership. Get ready to invite luck into your organization by creating a true strategy. However, when it comes to the rapid development of an organization, there are as many as three main factors that play a role: strategy, logic and good luck.

Political Extremism and Its Implications: An Inquiry into Violence, Struggle, and Self-Sacrifice

Author(s): Yuliy Yuliev / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

This research paper draws upon English novelist George Orwell’s observations on human proclivities toward struggle and self-sacrifice, as seen in his criticism of “Mein Kampf”, and uses them to explore the complex nature of political extremism. By analyzing the evolution of the political narrative since the 1970s, from economic to cultural issues, it investigates the foundations of extreme nationalism within contemporary liberal democracies. In order to show the features and motives of this phenomenon, the study observes several European far-right groups through the lens of extreme nationalism, uncovering similar themes of anti-globalization, immigration, and European Union views. It delves further into the examination of human beings by taking a closer look at the way culture shaped our development as a species and the fundamental urge for identification and belonging, providing insights into the psychological underpinnings of extreme beliefs and behavior. It also looks at the foundations of group violence, discussing it as a morally motivated behavior meant to maintain and preserve social ties and the concept of struggle as behavioral mechanisms exploited by extreme nationalists. To thoroughly assess the validity of Orwell’s ideas, the research combines the theoretical framework with a case study of the contemporary tendencies towards extremism in the U.S. political system. The analysis leads to the conclusion that George Orwell’s findings that the attractiveness of political extremism has its roots in basic features of human nature are still applicable in modern democratic societies.

Конференция на Българската асоциация по социална работа 21.03.2024

Author(s): Rossitsa Simeonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

Determining Air Sovereignty System Sufficiency

Author(s): Svetoslav Slavov,Petrana Kokudeva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In order to understand the necessary potential of the air sovereignty system to cope with modern challenges, it is necessary to understand it as a complex system, including different but functionally related systems and the operational environment, whose role is reduced to the formation of requirements for these systems. For this objective, the components of the air sovereignty system and their associated criteria and benchmarks are considered. Analyzing the main components of the air sovereignty system, an attempt has been made to assess its sufficiency through the use of appropriate criteria and indicators.

‘Ilemosu’ social stigma and desire for remarriage among female divorcees in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria

Author(s): Remi Kasali Alatise,Tajudeen Yusuf Adeyinka,Musediq Olufemi Lawal,Kehinde Monsurat Raji / Language(s): English Issue: 57/2024

Divorce is generally loathsome among the Yoruba people as it is morally reprehensible and socially stigmatized. Most women divorcees are derisively called ‘dalemosu’, a term that represents failures in nuptial affairs and lack of capacity to manage marital crisis. To obliterate or counteract the social disapproval and stigmatization attached to divorce, many victims attempt to enter into another conjugal relationship, while others may never care about the disdain with the warped notion that marriage presents lots of injustices, especially for women. They instead prefer finding solace in single parenthood. Notions that “all men are the same” and “marriage is for the lucky ones” were identified as strong factors that made a number of divorcee participants to lose confidence in institution of marriage institution. Leaning on the tripods of Socialist feminist, Psychoanalytic, and Social learning theories, this exploratory study inquired the shared understanding about the causes and social consequences of divorce on the female victims, the children, and the community. Qualitative data were gathered from women divorcees, community leaders, landlords, and landladies across Akinyele communities using referrals and snowballing techniques. Data collected were content-analyzed. Findings show that divorce is socially disapproved and highly discouraged among residents of the study area. Issues touching on finances, incompatibility, unfaithfulness, infertility, domestic violence, and lack of attention as common reasons for divorce. Thus, family members tend to treat female divorcees with contempt and, oftentimes, deprive them of certain social privileges. Having established that divorce produces damaging effects on society, the study recommends, among other things, the need for prospective spouses to seek the services of marriage counsellors. Mutual trust, tolerance, showing affection, as well as spending quality time with spouses in marriages, were also suggested as essential ingredients for matrimonial success.

DISCOURSE ON CAPACITY ASPECTS OF HUMAN CAPITAL VITAL AGGREGATES IN CONTEMPORARY BULGARIAN STATE ADMINISTRATION

Author(s): Daniela Petkova Krasteva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The discussion of human capital vital aggregates refers to the nature and existence of any administration in terms of a holistic understanding of the human resources that function productively within it. In this case, the focus is on two phases of the management of these resources: staffing and the process of recruitment and reassignment, including employee mobility, with prior shared considerations of the centrality of vitality. The analysis is subordinated to the recognition of the contemporary features and of the generated problems of the functioning of human resources management in the public administration.

Inštitút prázdneho kresla a globálna „kultúra opičenia sa“

Author(s): Anna Sámelová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2024

The dramaturgy of an empty chair in a radio or television debate is a rare phenomenon in Slovakia. Despite this, Slovak journalism theorists and practitioners are increasingly encountering the scandalization of this symbolic editorial procedure by laymen. The interpretation of some politicians that an empty chair is censorship is particularly dangerous. The aim of this theoretical study is therefore to clarify what the empty chair institute is, when and how it can be applied, when and how it may not be applied, how it is related to the process of mediatization of the world and culture, why it has become an object of politicization, and how it is connected with the global “monkey-see-monkey-do-culture”.

REPUBLIKA Godina XI (1999), Broj 224-225, 1-30. novembar

Author(s): Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Dragoš Ivanović,Mirko Đorđević,Zoja Jovanov,Olivera S. Tomić,Gordana Mirović,Vanja Ljujic,Tamara Kaliterna,Olivija Rusovac,Gordana Perunović Fijat,Gordana Janićijević,Šaban Šarenkapić,Nada Mijatović,Jovan Despotović,Niels Barfoed,Herta Müller,Lidija Jovetić,Zlatoje Martinov,Josip Županov,Nastasja Radović,Ljubiša Vujošević,Nebojša Popov,Miodrag Stanisavljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 224-225/1999

REPUBLIKA Godina XI (1999), Broj 221, 16-30. septembar

Author(s): Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Nebojša Popov,Mirko Đorđević,Dragica Stanojlović,Zoja Jovanov,Gordana Perunović Fijat,Olivija Rusovac,Olga Zirojević,Svenka Savić,Olivera S. Tomić,Zlatoje Martinov,Yury Luzhkov,Dragan Đorđević,Dejan Đokić,Nastasja Radović,Miodrag Stanisavljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 221/1999

REPUBLIKA Godina XI (1999), Broj 220, 1-15. septembar

Author(s): Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Nebojša Popov,Dragoš Ivanović,Aleksandra Pošarac,Dragan Ilić,Mirko Đorđević,Vasilije Popović,Zoja Jovanov,Olivera S. Tomić,Olivija Rusovac,Siniša Stanković,Dušan Mojsin,Milivoj Despot,Stipe Sikavica,Zlatoje Martinov,Nastasja Radović,Miodrag Stanisavljević,Milan Podunavac / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 220/1999

REPUBLIKA Godina XI (1999), Broj 208-209, 1-31. mart

Author(s): Dragoš Ivanović,Dragan Ilić,Zoja Jovanov,Olivera S. Tomić,Gordana Perunović Fijat,Živoslav Miloradović,Jovan Despotović,Olivija Rusovac,Zlatoje Martinov,Branka Petrović,Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Olga Zirojević,Mirko Đorđević,Lidija Jovetić,Božidar Jakšić,Zagorka Golubović,Milan Kurepa,Zoran Lučić ,Karl Jaspers,François Rabelais,Nastasja Radović,Miodrag Stanisavljević,Dragan Babić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 208-209/1999

Türkiye’s Military Base in Somalia: A Case Study

Author(s): Ahmet Burak,Nikola Tutek / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

At the present stage the Republic of Türkiye is all the more actively claiming the role of a regional leader and at the same time, using the favourable geopolitical position at the junction of two civilizations, seeks to strengthen influence in global politics. The statehood of independent states is impossible without strengthening their own security, and that allows for the development of international military dialogue. Türkiye as a world power is to restore its prosperity from the times of the Ottoman Empire. Best evidence is the creation of Turkish military bases beyond its national borders. Moreover, such actions of the Turkish leadership are considered not only a political ambition but also a pragmatic calculation. First overseas military base of Türkiye in modern times was created in one of the most turbulent countries in the world – Somalia. Currently, Türkiye has a military presence in Somalia. Hence, this study examined the main stages of bilateral relations between Türkiye and Somalia. Relations between the two countries have passed a certain historical path of development and have been characterized by periods of activation revival also stagnation. It was concluded that despite the fact that political, economic and military cooperation between Türkiye and Somalia had huge potential, there were some of constraining factors affecting their further development.

Terrorism Discourse and Emotions: Australia

Author(s): Zuzana Měřičková / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Terrorism has been often considered to be a subjective label rather than a distinct form of violence. Discourse has played an important role in creating the threat of terrorism, as well as in the legitimisation of counterterrorism level. The importance of studying discourse can thus no longer be denied. This article analysed the character of official discourse on terrorism delivered by Australian prime ministers between 9/11 and the end of 2019, since Australia is one of the countries involved in the War on Terror. The author used the NVivo software to analyse speeches delivered by John Howard, Kevin Rudd, Julia Gillard, Tony Abbott, Scott Morrison, and Malcolm Turnbull. She applies Norman Fairclough’s three-level Critical Discourse Analysis to study the character of the speeches, positive and negative emotions which were invoked by the speeches and the connections that were drawn to other discourses. She also analyses the context in which the speeches were delivered as well as the adopted counterterrorism measures that were legitimized in the speeches. The results of the analysis demonstrated that all Australian prime ministers used the terrorism label to some extent, however each of them delivered speeches on terrorism that had a different character. All of the analysed prime ministers, with the exception of Kevin Rudd, also presented emotional discourse on terrorism. The article demonstrates how is the terrorism label portrayed differently by each speaker, and that not all discourse on terrorism has to necessarily be emotional.

Populist Attitudes and Conspiracy Beliefs in Slovak Society: Pandemic vs Post-pandemic Data

Author(s): Ivana Václaviková,Lucia Viteková / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The continued success of populist political subjects can be observed in many countries in recent years, including Slovakia. Society is polarized, and dissatisfaction, anger, and fear are coming to the fore. This has been exacerbated by the pandemic, which, as a crisis, typically increases the potential for the spread of unfounded or even conspiratorial beliefs. As the occurrence of the mentioned phenomena postulates similar questions, the study's objective is to identify the rate of occurrence of populist attitudes and trust in conspiracy content during and after the pandemic. At different stages of the pandemic course, the prevalence of populist attitudes in the sample of Slovak adult men and women (N = 1345) and the tendency to trust conspiracy beliefs both in general and specifically in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are examined. Using the Populist Attitudes Scale, the Generic conspiracist beliefs scale, and the authors' questionnaire on belief in conspiracy claims related to the COVID-19 virus, we found a high prevalence of the variables of interest, with the highest rates observed in women, people of older age and people with lower education. Across the different phases of data collection, attitudes and beliefs were relatively stable, and a linear association was observed between them. The results demonstrate the validity of the study of populist attitudes and the tendency to believe in conspiracy content, while at the same time raising questions for further research.

European Public Policy – Goal and Reality

Author(s): Stanislav Konečný / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The process of transformation of politics into public policy, which has been taking place in the democratic world since the 1950s and which also consists in the involvement of non-governmental (non-political) structures in policy making, started to develop more intensively in the structures of the European Union after 2000. This study analyses the ways in which market and civil society actors participate in policy making in selected EU policies. In particular, using examples from Slovakia it presents how and in what way this participation takes place. It notes the diversity of approaches and forms, but also the fact that current European Union policies already meet the basic criteria for being considered public policies.

Post-truth Era of Political Marketing: Manipulation Techniques and Their Impact on Public Opinion and Electoral Integrity in the USA

Author(s): Jessica Kriška,Branislav Kováčik / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The study focused on the phenomenon of political marketing, political communication, and their application in world politics during the post-truth era with an emphasis on the territory of the United States of America. The aim of the study was to identify several aspects of these disciplines during the dynamic technological progress which makes it possible to develop misleading manipulative techniques and spread disinformation. The emerging issues of the current state of the online sphere such as abuse of personal data for one's own political gain, dissemination of false news that radicalizes the public and threats to the security of free and fair elections and a democracy relate to other concerns such as a polarized society and electoral integrity. Politics has always been, and will continue to be, an infinite number of shades of grey. Absolute honesty and elimination of negative advertising or propaganda is neither realistic nor desirable, though we consider it important to strive for more ethical election campaigns. The conclusion of this article can be applied to other studies that will continue the research on the given topic and will respond to the current challenges of democracy.

The Razor’s Edge: The Western Sahara Conflict as a Geopolitical Antagonism in the Algerian Morrocan Relations

Author(s): Lofti Sour / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This article explores the origins of the Western Sahara conflict, and the contrasting interpretations of the factors which have kept it as an unresolved conflict after Spanish forces withdrew in 1975. This article shows how Algeria and Morocco continue to disagree on even the most basic facts of the dispute's history, and suggests that the continuation of the dispute is the result of conflicting models of statehood and historical narratives. Also, it explores ways in which developing concepts within political geography have contributed to understanding the ongoing significance of the region for all the parties to the conflict. Additionally, this paper argues that the contemporary contours of the Western Sahara conflict cannot be seen divorced from the larger geopolitical and balance of power developments in the Maghreb region. Algeria- Morocco relations in general and the Western Sahara conflict in particular are not only influenced by the local political, security and social dynamics, but also by the larger systemic and sub-systemic imperatives.