Отражение процесса пополнения российской интеллигенции в серии «Народные мемуары»

Author(s): Natalia L. Gabriel / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

From the positions of intelligentsia studies the article analyses Grigory Mikhaylovich Salo's work «Accounts department of life: memoirs» (2015), published by Omsk State University of F. M. Dostoyevsky and the Perm State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University as continuation of the «National Memoirs» series. The process of the Russian intelligentsia replenishment by common people is shown on the example of the biography of the author of memoirs.

Koncepcja bestialstwa (thēriotēs) w Etyce Nikomachejskiej Arystotelesa

Author(s): Maria Marcinkowska-Rosół / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The article deals with the „brutishness” or „beastliness” (thēriotēs), a concept introduced by Aristotle in the seventh book of the Nicomachean Ethics and defined by him as a negative ethical disposition, different both from vice (kakia) and from incontinence (akrasia), and leading to such pathological behaviours as canibalism, paedophilia, omophagia, phobias and compulsions. Aristotle’s statements concerning the brutishness (VII 1, 1145a15-35, VII 5, 1148b15-1149a24 and VII 6, 1149b23-1150a8) are examined and interpreted in order to clarify the following issues: the essence of the thēriotēs as a specific ethical disposition (Part I-II), its concrete forms and their causes (Part III), the moral-psychological condition of persons with a brutish hexis (Part IV), and their self-consciousness and moral responsibility for their bestial acts (Part V).

Zwierzęce początki muzyki. O „Ptasim radiu” Juliana Tuwima

Author(s): Anna Filipowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The essay is concerned with the topic of archaic “ethological tales”, which often present non‑anthropocentric definitions of an animal as an emotional, rational, aesthetic creature – not formulated in opposition to the human. This point of view also appears in the poetry of Julian Tuwim, who connects the mythical idea of interspecies community with the Darwinian theory of evolution. In “Ptasie radio”/”Bird radio” (1938) he shows, for example, that the concept of melic poetry inherited from the ancient Greeks, has a biological base and comes from birds’ vocalisation. Analysing birds’ mating songs leads him to the idea that not only does man have the ability to generate aesthetic sounds, but that he also shares this ability also with other animals. Today, his intuition can be confirmed also in the field of genetic research.

ИСТОРИКЪТ ТЕОПОМП И ИНТЕРЕСЪТ МУ КЪМ КОТИС

Author(s): Dobriela Kotova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 22/2017

The active political career of the Thracian king Kotys transformed him into one of the remarkable individuals of the Early Hellenistic world. However, authors of various genres and from different historical periods have focused their attention not on his military and political activities, but rather on his character and on the dramatic end of his life. The reason for the long-lasting interest in his personality stems from the fact that Kotys’ name entered literary circulation in the intellectual context of the 4th century BC, when the views on the moral tenets of political life became a maxim for many creative men of letters and political figures. An important evolution in the 4th century BC literature can be seen in the tendency among many authors of prose to create and use written texts educating in aristocratic values as the principal paideia instrument for the educated elite. Such were also the goals pursued by the authors of historical works, notably Xenophon, Ephoros and Theopompos. King Kotys was present precisely among the moral paradigms of Theopompos’ History of Philip. That had decisive consequences for the negative image with which he remained in history. The devastating pamphlet against him presents one of the ways in which Theopompos delivers his moral instructions while following the main line in his works: shedding light on the links between imperialism and moral degradation.

Fra Matija Divković – perom za Boga i narod

Author(s): Fra Zdenko Frljić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1+2/2016

Skromni bosanski redovnik fra Matija Divković uputio se prije više od četiristo godina tiskati u Veneciji (Mlecima) djela Nauk krstjanski za narod slovinski (1611), poznat kao veliki nauk, te mali Nauk krstjanski smnozijemi stvari duhovnijemi i vele bogoljubnijemi (1616), koji će na katolike u Bosni ostaviti neizbrisiv duhovni trag. Njegova biografija za razliku od djela ipak nam ostaje nepoznata, imamo tek slabe podatke. Franjevci i njihovi samostani u tadašnjoj su Bosni kao dijelu Osmanskoga Carstva bili veza sa zapadnoeuropskom kulturom. Pismenost je bila oskudna i puk nije poznavao latinicu koja je smatrana učenim pismom. Teška životna egzistencija i politička marginaliziranost ponukale su fra Matiju da u svom dušobrižničkom radu priredi novi oblik katekizma poslije Tridentskoga sabora (1545-1563) i približi njegov vjerski sadržaj svome puku. Time je želio svoj puk ohrabriti u vjeri, ali nigdje nije pozvao na mržnju prema turskom okupatoru. Dok su na zapadu bjesnile svađe i vjerski ratovi između katolika i protestanata, u Bosni su kršćani proživljavali drukčiju svakodnevicu. Divkovićeva djela oblikuju identitet i pučku pobožnost katoličkoga naroda, koji je s fratrima imao nadu u bolje sutra.

Przeciw stereotypom: mimikra a hybrydyczność. Współczesna proza polska na tropie tożsamości polskich migrantów w Wielkiej Brytanii

Author(s): Tomasz Dobrogoszcz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

This article examines selected works of Polish fiction to analyse representations of the socio-cultural conditions of the diaspora that formed in the UK after Poland’s accession to the EU in 2004. Dobrogoszcz employs the categories of postcolonial theory used by Homi K. Bhabha in The Location of Culture to offer a critical review of stereotypes that have dominated the perception of Polish migrants in the UK, and to examine their role in the process of migrant identity formation. Faced with the incommensurability of foreign culture, Polish newcomers to the British Isles are bound to deal with the their national identity and to accept its inevitably hybrid character.

Migracje kobiet – strategie odzyskiwania głosu i ciała w twórczości literackiej Polek mieszkających w Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii

Author(s): Anna Kronenberg / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

Kronenberg examines literary works by Polish women in the UK and Ireland after 2004. Her critical perspective highlights the cultural, broadly socio-political context, including the question of gender, as modelled by Inga Iwasiów, Maria Janion, Agnieszka Mrozik, Przemysław Czapliński and Ursula Chowaniec; Kronenberg also draws on studies on subjectivity in women’s autobiographical practices by Sidonie Smith, Julia Watson and others. She presents emigre women writers’ strategies of regaining their voice and body by isolating the characteristic traits of this type of writing, such as social engagement, awareness of discriminatory mechanisms, or the potential for transgression and revendication.

Wyspy obiecane. Rekonesans krytyczny

Author(s): Dariusz Nowacki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

Examining twenty novels and short story collections published between 2006 and 2013, Nowacki outlines the developments of Polish literary prose on economic migration after Poland’s accession to the EU on 1 May 2004. The central question is about artistic and communicative failure: none of the works examined have enjoyed wider success. Nowacki concludes with a working typology of prose concerning Poles on the Isles produced in the first two decades of the twenty-first century.

Edukacja literacko‑filmowa w procesie stymulowania aktywności twórczej dzieci w sferze języka

Author(s): Izabela Łuc / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2018

The article presents a description of the results of an experiment, in which a questionnaire was used and an analysis of a child’s statement content was carried out. The main research goal of the undertaking is an attempt at answering the question whether and to what degree, in the era of globalization, children’s creative activity in the sphere of language (stimulated by methods generated by literary and film – media – education) influences the degree / level of understanding the verbal and iconic code, and what the effects of acquiring those skills in the form of transferring them onto the ground of communicative behaviors are. The research conducted provided not only the information to what degree literary and linguistic education supported by fable animation influences children’s spheres – communicative and linguistic ones – but also confirmed the theses that a proper combination of education methods in teaching and rearing aids a child’s multifaceted development, influencing different cognitive and psychical, integration and social as well as intellectual and linguistic spheres.

Chaos i ciemność. Kilka uwag o Zagadce Kaspara Hausera Wernera Herzoga

Author(s): Michał Filipczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 29/2017

“The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser” by Werner Herzog could be treated as an allegory of the human condition, akin to the vision of writers belonging to the broadly defined existentialist tradition – as far as the world vision and the conception of man, presented in the movie, are concerned. As the aforementioned allegory we can treat life history of the movie’s protagonist, Kaspar Hauser, the child of nature, thrown by an unknown dark force into completely incomprehensible for him human civilization, into the world of an absent – or negated – Absolute. It’s best formulaic description – “the empty Transcendence” – we can find in the poetry of Bolesław Leśmian. To some extent Herzog’s work could be treated as an evocation of so understood transcendence and as an expression of the existentialists’ diagnosis of our human fate: the man comes out of darkness and in the darkness he finds his ultimate destination.

Third International Conference on Christian Hebraism in Eastern and Central Europe

Author(s): Anna Kryza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

LIFE AFTER PEOPLE: ZOMBIE APOCALYPSE AND THE STRUCTURES OF THE POST-HUMAN GLOBAL IMAGINARY

Author(s): Adriana Neagu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Life after People: Zombie Apocalypse and the Structures of the Post-Human Global Imaginary. The paper examines post-humanist representations in Anglo-American film productions from a perspective informed by global and hypermodern cultural theory. It is an enquiry into aspects of dystopian sensibility featuring in global cinema, which are seen as manifest in the prolific zombie genre of the post-apocalyptic strand. It is premised on the assumption that global society is endemically marred by a catastrophic horizon of expectation, whose most congenial form of expression is dystopia, a genre on the rise worldwide, especially productive in Anglo-American cinematic practice. Drawing on global cultural theory, I seek to narrow down the enquiry into dystopian modes and bring the zombie dominant to bear on what I construe as the post-apocalyptic imagination of globality.

DYSTOPIC RECONFIGURATIONS OF CORPORATE AMERICA: MARGARET ATWOOD’S “THE HEART GOES LAST”

Author(s): Monika Koșa / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Dystopic Reconfigurations of Corporate America: Margaret Atwood’s “The Heart Goes Last”. One of Margaret Atwood’s dystopic novels, The Heart Goes Last is an intricate examination of human nature, the precariousness of love, free will, the roots of social evil and the potential dangers of excessive institutional power. Grounded in an examination of Atwood’s text, this paper aims to analyze the techniques through which the image of “corporate America” is re-configured in a nightmarish setting where the fight for power, money and control negatively re-positions the ethical limits of humanity.

POLITIQUES LINGUISTIQUES ROUMAINES D’ANTAN (DU XIXE SIÈCLE). LE CAS DES IDÉES PROMUES PAR ION GHICA

Author(s): Adrian Chircu / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2019

Romanian linguistic policies from former times (19th century). The case of ideas promoted by Ion Ghica. In our study, we aim to discuss educational linguistic policies as they were perceived in the 19th century, when the Romanian society and implicitly the Romanian educational system suffered major transformations, noticeable especially when the school curricula (which had a structure that was not entirely different from the present one) were developed or reorganized. The thorough examination of these school documents helps us better understand the way in which linguistic policy evolved in Romania at a time when the connections with Western Europe were increasingly strong. Thereby, the beginnings of systematic learning of native and foreign languages were established. In our approach we will rely on a limited but dense corpus selected from writings by Ion Ghica, one of the personalities who were actively involved in the cultural progress of the Romanians.

DU FRANÇAIS DE SPÉCIALITÉ AU FRANÇAIS UNIVERSITAIRE À TRAVERS LES NOUVELLES ÉCHELLES DU CECRL (2018)

Author(s): Andreea Pop / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2019

From French for Specific Purposes to French for Academic Purposes Through the New Scales of the CEFR (2018). For the last fifteen years or so French specialists in education have analysed and sometimes deepened the gap between specialization and academic interests operating within the university framework. We aim at showing that through the new descriptors of the CEFR the conceptual barriers between the two areas tend to melt together into a less restrictive integrated field – French for University.

LANGUAGE POLICIES IN NORWAY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MULTILINGUAL COMPETENCE

Author(s): Raluca Pop,Raluca-Daniela Răduţ / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Language policies in Norway and the development of the multilingual competence. Norway, an increasingly multicultural society, has acknowledged through its language policies the importance of communicating effectively across diverse cultural and linguistic contexts. This paper intends to provide a broader picture of the Norwegian education system and the changes it has undergone in order to accommodate to technological advancements and the internationalization of education. In addition, the development of the intercultural communicative competence has become a prerequisite in Norway’s multicultural and multilingual society characterized by increased mobility. Therefore, Norway’s educational landscape and educational policies needed to accommodate these changes and transfer the acquired knowledge into clear pedagogical aims.

MAGIC AND WITCHCRAFT IN THE GREEK BIBLE: LEXICAL ASPECTS

Author(s): Dimitar Iliev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The article deals with the history of the usage of several Greek terms from the lexical field of μάγος and μαγεία. It follows their occurrences from the earliest attestations in classical Greek literature up to the New Testament as well as in the translational texts of the Septuagint. The terms are examined in contrast with some other semantically related notions such as γόης. In the case of LXX, the relation of the translational Greek to some of the original Aramaic and Hebrew terms is briefly discussed. Conclusions are made as to the degree of pejorative load in μάγος and its derivatives and their relation to notions in the semantic field of ‚religion‘, to the extent that the latter can be clearly delineated in Greek culture. It is also observed how the system of concepts in the field of magic and witchcraft changed with the expansion of Greek culture in Hellenistic times as well as with the advent of Christianity.

IMPERATIVE IN IMPRECATIVES

Author(s): Emilia Kelemen / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

Imperative in Imprecatives. This study follows those imprecatives (invective structures) in Romanian language that contain in their structure verbs in the imperative. On the one hand, we had in view the organisation of these stuctures and on the other hand we highlighted some pragmatic-semantic aspects, starting from one corpus and extracting patterns from different areas of the language.

LE CINÉMA COMME MÉDIA CULTUREL ET ÉDUCATIF DANS L’ENSEIGNEMENT-APPRENTISSAGE DES LANGUES ÉTRANGÈRES

Author(s): Paola Appetito / Language(s): French Issue: 3/2019

Cinema as a Cultural and Educational Medium in Teaching / Learning Foreign Languages. Cinema is one of the most effective and authentic materials that can convey language, culture and art at the same time. The teaching-learning of film language is part of a media education that has become neccessary today. Our everyday environment constantly exposes the individual to media messages, and modern dissemination techniques increase their impact remarkably. Thus, we must try to set up a contextualized learning of languages and cultures, aiming at increased awareness of the different media languages. First, our study tries to evaluate the level of media education in the European context, especially in France, then to provide teachers and language learners with useful websites and a resource directory offering them a starting point to using cinema in school and academic contexts.

Проникване и разпространение на българската Възрожденска книжнина в град Крайова през ХІХ в. (до 1878 г.)

Author(s): Nikolay Zhechev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

The work traces the penetration and proliferation of the Bulgarian Revival literature (books, newspapers, magazines, calendars) among the Bulgarian community in the Romanian town of Craiova in the 19th century (until 1878). The study is based on sponsorship lists (pre-subscription) to books published at that time as well as other evidence from the era. Between the 1830s and the 1870s thanks to that kind of sponsorship, the local Bulgarians became familiar with publications whose authors, translators or compilers were famous Bulgarian writers and public figures such as An. Kipilovski, Raino Popovich, G. S. Rakovski, Sava Dobroplodni, P. R Slaveykov, Dobri Voynikov, Lyuben Karavelov and others. Some of the most zealous admirers and distributors of this literature in Craiova were Dr. Peter Beron, Hadzhi Danilovs brothers and others. The dissemination of the Bulgarian Revival press, the one published in Constantinople, as well as the one printed in the Bulgarian emigrant centers in Romania and Serbia, is also included in the article. The results show that, compared to other major centers of the Bulgarian diaspora in Romania (Bucharest, Galaţi, Braila), fewer publications appeared in Craiova, which reduced their impact on the national awakening of the Bulgarian community and diminished the role of the Bulgarian residents there in the Bulgarian national revival.