Framing the Identity of an Ideal Primary School Teacher of English

Author(s): Oleksandr Kapranov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article presents a study that aimed to examine how primary school teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) framed the identity of an ideal EFL teacher. The specific research aim was to identify and classify frames associated with the identity of an EFL primary school teacher in the corpus of reflective essays of approximately 1000 words about an ideal EFL teacher in Norwegian primary school contexts written by 32 Norwegian in-service primary school EFL teachers. It was hypothesised that the participants’ framing would be reflective of the identity of an ideal EFL teacher in Norway. The corpus of the participants’ essays was analysed in accordance with the framing methodology developed by Entman (1993) and Dahl (2015). The results of the framing analysis indicated that the participants in the study framed the identity of an ideal EFL teacher via frames associated with future ideal selves, ought-to selves, the identity of their former EFL teachers, and the identity of an ideal EFL teacher as a fictional character. The study implications would be beneficial to pre-service and current in-service EFL teachers and teacher-trainers alike, who could treat the results as a collective “portrait” of an ideal EFL teacher.

A Lost Lady: A Narrative of Manifest Destiny and Neocolonialism

Author(s): Ammar Aqeeli / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The greatly examined story of A Lost Lady usually depicts Mrs. Forrester’s success in meeting and adapting to the challenges of a changing world, a world characterized by materialism and self-fulfilment. However, the overlooked story, one far more disturbing than the privileged story in the text, is the narrative of oppressed groups of people of other races and the lower class. Drawing on some aspects of postcolonial theory, this paper explores Willa Cather’s own reactions to real changes in her society, to the waning power of imperialism, and of her nostalgic longing for the western prairies of her youth, without showing any sympathy for the dispossessed Native Americans and other oppressed races. It will also disclose the unmistakable colonial overtones, which remarkably resonate with the common discourse of “Manifest Destiny” during the time period of American expansion to the Wild West.

К проблеме формирования риторической культуры преподавателя высшей школы

Author(s): Liudmila Luneva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The teacher has a special role in the development and improvement of speech culture in the society. The teacher’s word as his main instrument must be the model of verbal intelligence, the model of high speech culture. This article deals with the typical lecturer’s speech errors and investigates means to avoid errors during the specialized course in the system of professional development.This article presents analysis and monitoring of speech etiquette of teachers of different subjects, highlights experience of how to refer to spell books and various dictionaries and introduces different ways of improving communicative activity through the system of professional development at Samara State Transport University.

Фраземы с колоративным компонентом в методике преподавания русского языка как иностранного

Author(s): Nadya Cherneva,Boryana Tencheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The article is devoted to the Russian phrasemes with a colorative component as a means of forming linguo-cultural competence and developing emotional intelligence during the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The phraseological units as a linguistic and cultural sign always evoke strong interest among linguists and also the neophrasemes further enrich the lexico-phraseological system and conceptualize reality through emotional images. The main focus of the research includes analysis of the expressional and emotional characteristics of the phrasemes mentioned above. The article is interdisciplinary: it reveals a structural-semantic typology, as well as a system of exercises that can be involved in the teaching process when developing the listening, reading, writing and speaking on level B1-B2 in accordance with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.

Съюз на сериозното с играта: Webdoc

Author(s): Snezhana Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2020

The text examines the web documentary in its relations with other productions, the names used for it and the variants claiming its own importance. An overview of publications has been made, which follow its development and emphasize some of its highly appreciated realizations

За акцентуването при сложните съществителни имена в българския език

Author(s): Mirena Patseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The paper offers an analysis of the accentuation of complex nouns in the Bulgarian language, based on the theory of optimality and the interaction between morphology and phonology. The aim is to outline the tendency for realization of the accent characteristic of the dominant component in the structure, which acts in parallel with metric regularities. Constraints are formulated, expressing basic regularities in the accentuation, such as the orientation of the main stress to the right base and the morphological head. Their ranking in different types of structures is considered. A metric constraint is also introduced, describing the initial position of the secondary stress under certain conditions. The conclusion is substantiated that the additional accent in many cases is lexical and serves for semantic differentiation, and at the same time it also has a metrical manifestation.

Технология формирования гипертекстовой компетенции в контексте обучения иностранным языкам в ВУЗе

Author(s): Natalia Severova,Dana Bartosh,Maria Kharlamova,Elena Stoyanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2020

The article is devoted to the problem of developing students’ skills and abilities to work with hypertext as the main information unit in the information society. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the need for targeted training of students to work with hypertext in the target language and to develop a technology for the formation of hypertext competence in the context of teaching foreign languages. The basis for identifying the specifics of hypertext and determining the constituent components of hypertext competence was the reliance on systemic and typological approaches using methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. Theoretical and methodological analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature in combination with empirical methods (observation, questioning) made it possible to substantiate the need to develop students’ skills and abilities to work with hypertext, to study the experience of students with texts of this type and to develop a technology for the formation of hypertext competence. In order to test the hypothesis put forward and the effectiveness of the developed technology for the formation of hypertext competence in teaching a foreign language, experimental training was carried out. In the course of the study, the specifics of hypertext were determined from the point of view of linguistics and linguodidactics, and the components of hypertext competence were identified. Based on the experience of students working with hypertext, difficulties were identified and the main tasks of targeted training in working with these texts were identified, the result of which is the formation of hypertext competence. Hypertext is a modern informational phenomenon, the ability to work with which is becoming key today both in the professional and everyday spheres. Possession of hypertext competence allows you to rationally use external sources to obtain additional information, design an individual information space and thus contribute to the creation of your own educational trajectory. The developed technology for the formation of hypertext competence involves phase-by phase training in working with hypertext. This technology relies on the experience of working with “traditional” text, but taking into account the specifics of hypertext, and focuses on mastering a new strategy for working with information.

Influence of Spoken Language and the Role of Syntactic Repetitions on the Creation of Typical Syntactic Constructions in Ilyas Afandiyev‘s Dramas

Author(s): Flora Namazova / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

The article is devoted to additional constructions in Ilyas Afandiyev’s drama. The purpose of the article is to explain the typical syntactic constructs of the spoken language, to analyze syntagma, types of constructions, models of incomplete sentences, sentences with additions, synonymous syntactic constructions, syntactic repetitions, types of internal repetitions, structure of repetitions in I. Afandiyev’s drama. There is a system of repeats in the language of I. Afandiyev’s dramatic works. The analysis was based on the study of the sources related to the subject, the analysis of the results obtained, the analysis and synthesis of the arguments, and also the content analysis method.

Styl jako praktyka i forma pamięci zbiorowej

Author(s): Marta Wójcicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Przedmiotem artykułu są relacje między stylem językowym a pamięcią zbiorową. Styl,ujmowany semiotycznie i antropologicznie, stanowi jedną z form pamięci zbiorowej, obok typutekstu kultury, odmiany, a także gatunku tekstu. Styl jest wyrazem, świadectwem przeszłości.Ze stylu indywidualnego, np. uznanych pisarzy, odczytać można ich obraz rzeczywistości, wtym także przeszłości. Styl jest więc nośnikiem zarówno pamięci indywidualnej danego pisarza,jak też świadectwem przeszłości, w której żył i tworzył. Style typowe stanowią lustroodzwierciedlające właściwe dla danej epoki konwencje wyrażania. Styl przechowuje więcobraz przeszłości, indywidualnej i zbiorowej, jest środkiem dotarcia do niej oraz sposobemwyrażania przeszłości oraz mówienia o przeszłości i jej niewerbalnych nośnikachwspółcześnie. Styl funkcjonalny ukazano więc jako praktykę oraz formę pamięci zbiorowej:komunikatywnej lub kulturowej. Styl potoczny stanowi praktykę wcielania, podczas gdypozostałe style funkcjonalne są praktykami zapisu. Pamięć komunikatywna przekazywana jestprzez środki i wartości typowe dla stylu potocznego, pamięć kulturowa związana jestpraktycznie ze wszystkimi stylami funkcjonalnymi, w zależności od treści pamięci. // The subject of the article are relations between a language style and collective memory. Thestyle, semiotically and anthropologically presented, is one of the forms of collective memoryalong with a type of culture text, variety and text genre as well. On the one hand, the style isan expression, evidence of the past. From an individual style of e.g. recognized writers one caninterpret their image of reality, including also the past. Thus the style is a means of conveyingboth individual memory of a particular author and evidence of the past he used to live in andcreate. Typical styles are the mirrors reflecting conventions of expression appropriate for agiven period. Thus, the style stores the image of the past, individual and collective, and is ameans of reaching it, a way of expressing and talking about it, including its contemporary nonverbal means. Thus, a functional style has been presented as practice and the form ofcollective memory: communicative or cultural. A colloquial style is the practice ofincorporating, whereas other functional styles are practices of recording. Communicativememory is conveyed by means and values typical for the colloquial style, while cultural memoryis practically associated with all functional styles, depending on the contents of memory.

Żydzi w Biblii, czyli uporczywy anachronizm

Author(s): Tomasz Paweł Krzeszowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Celem artykułu jest wykazanie, że używanie polskiego wyrazu „Żyd” i jego derywatów w odniesieniu do przedstawicieli „narodu wybranego” uczestniczącego w wydarzeniach opisanych w Starym i Nowym Testamencie jest anachronizmem językowym, gdyż wyraz „Żyd” w tym właśnie kształcie graficznym i fonetycznym powstał dopiero w średniowieczu. Dlatego używanie tego wyrazu w kontekście wydarzeń biblijnych jest niestosowne. Ten klasyczny anachronizm językowy jest o tyle zdumiewający, że stosują go nie tylko sami współcześnie żyjący Żydzi, gdy posługują się językiem polskim, ale także inni polscy specjaliści w dziedzinie judaistyki i biblistyki. Artykuł zawiera kilka przykładów rażąco anachronicznych polskich tłumaczeń fragmentów Starego i Nowego Testamentu. Można zaryzykować twierdzenie, że omawiany anachronizm w dużej mierze przyczynia się do kształtowania postaw antysemickich, zwłaszcza wśród niektórych wyznawców chrześcijaństwa. // The aim of the paper is to provide evidence for the claim that the Polish word ‘Żyd’ and its derivatives as used with reference to the “chosen people” taking part in the events described in the Bible is a linguistic anachronism. The word in its present graphic and phonetic shape had not come into existence before Middle Ages. As an anachronism it is inappropriate in the context of biblical events. Yet, it occurs not only in the language of contemporary Jewish people but also as an accepted term in biblical and Judaic studies. The article contains a number of examples of anachronistic Polish versions of the Bible. One can venture the claim that the anachronism in question significantly contributes to maintaining anti-Semitic attitudes, especially among certain groups of contemporary Christians.

Lingwista wobec języka uczuć

Author(s): Elżbieta Laskowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1&2/2016

Celem referatu jest zebranie dotychczasowych sposobów rozumienia zagadnienia języka uczućprzez lingwistów oraz zaproponowanie sposobu opisu języka uczuć. Zagadnienie to byłoprzedmiotem zainteresowania takich badaczy jak Wierzbicka, Grabias, Nowakowska-Kempna,Awdiejew, Habrajska, Pajdzińska, Data. Biorąc pod uwagę poziomy języka, uwzględniane wgramatyce komunikacyjnej, autorka rozważa zjawiska nazywanie uczuć oraz ich wyrażania.Nazywanie mieści się na poziomie ideacyjnym, Wyrażanie – na poziomie interakcyjnym.Badając wypowiedzi pod względem języka uczuć, zauważyć można, że nie zawsze łatwo jestwskazać granicę między wymienionymi poziomami. Trudności te związane są przede wszystkimz dwiema kwestiami. Pierwsza z nich polega na wykorzystaniu nazw uczuć do ich wyrażania,mamy wtedy do czynienia z wyrażaniem uczuć za pomocą ich nazywania. Druga kwestia toemotywne nacechowania nazw uczuć albo też emotywne nazywanie reakcji mogącychświadczyć o uczuciu. Analiza wypowiedzi, zawierających nazywanie i wyrażanie uczućdowodzi, że w różnych odmianach języka omawiane zjawisko występuje w bardzo różnychzakresach i przejawia się bardzo zróżnicowanymi środkami językowymi). // The goal of the paper is collecting hitherto existing ways of understanding the concept of the language of feelings by linguists and suggesting a way of describing the language of feelings.This question was the subject interest of such researchers as Wierzbicka, Grabias,Nowakowska-Kempna, Awdiejew, Habrajska, Pajdzińska, and Data. Taking into account the levels of a language, included in communication grammar, the author considers naming of feelings and expressing them. The naming is contained in the ideation level, the expressing –in the interaction level. Examining utterances with reference to the language of feelings one can notice that it is not easy to show a borderline between the mentioned levels. The difficulties are mainly connected with two questions. The first one consists in using the names of feelings for expressing them, in which the feelings are expressed by naming them. The second question is the emotive marking of the names of feelings or emotive naming of reactions which can manifest the feeling. The analysis the utterances including naming and expressing feelings proves that the phenomenon in question occurs in various scopes and manifest in diverse means of language.

Współczesny polski dyskurs publiczny w perspektywie międzynarodowej.

Author(s): Władysław Chłopicki,Stanisław Gajda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1&2/2016

How Jokes Change and May Be Changed:

Author(s): Christie Davies / Language(s): English Issue: 1&2/2016

Many excellent jokes can pose potential difficulties for tellers and listeners since they require considerable knowledge of the subject of the joke and have a long and elaborate narrative structure such that only a very skilled joke-teller can do justice to them. In a democratic, fastmoving, plural, urban world such features can create problems since they mean that on a particular occasion when jokes are being told some of the listeners may miss the point of the joke and others will feel inhibited from telling a joke. Jokes with seemingly pointless endings may likewise disappoint the broad masse, who like clear, well structured jokes with a strong resolution and who may be bored by one that disappears into nonsense. Each of these points will be considered in turn, partly from an analytical point of view and partly in relation to empirical observations of how jokes in the English language have evolved in the course of the twentieth century.

“Spinning the thread/(t)s” around images of time

Author(s): Camelia Cmeciu / Language(s): English Issue: 1&2/2016

Salvador Dali’s words are actually the embodiment of surrealism1, founded in 1924, in Paris, by André Breton with his Manifeste du surréalisme. This literary and art movement was based on surprising and unexpected juxtaposition of elements of reality. These startling transformations of the real world bring forth new objects that are the creative expressions of imagination, “free of the conscious control of reason and free of convention” 2. The plunge into the subconscious or spontaneous thought could be actually linked to the physical state of headache, mentioned by Dali when starting to paint watches. The combination between the hard metal texture of watches and the softness of the molded watches relies on the “principle of paranoiac metamorphosis” in tangible form (Descharnes, Néret, 2001: 171). My paper is actually a “digging into” the process of creating (of spinning) the nonverbal and verbal images of some indices (threads) of time, watches becoming such a semiotic object. The theoretical background used in the understanding of the reasoning beyond the subjective depicting of some real objects is epistemological in nature, dealing with traditional and social semiotics. The empirical data4 will be provided by Salvador Dali’s The Persistence of Memory (Soft Watches) and Carl Sandburg’s Solo for Saturday Night Guitar. These two verbal and visual images are closely connected, the former being the picture accompanying the discursive representation of time by Sandburg.

Recenzja tomu Niedosłowność w języku. Język a Komunikacja 37 pod redakcją Marcina Odelskiego, Aleksandry Knapik, Piotra Chruszczewskiego i Władysława Chłopickiego, Kraków: Krakowskie Towarzystwo Popularyzowania Wiedzy o Komunikacji Językowej „Tertium

Author(s): Grażyna Sawicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1&2/2016

Translating Nonce Words (A Corpus Study Based on a Novel)

Author(s): Svetlana Nedelcheva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Translators face different challenges in their everyday work. They have to deal with lexico-semantic, syntactic, pragmatic and cultural problems. This article focuses on John Harding’s novel Florence & Giles where the narrator is the 12-year-old Florence. She has created her own language by distorting words, e.g. nouns and adjectives are turned into verbs, nouns into adjectives, adverbs and prepositions into verbs, etc. These nonce words constitute Florence’s fairly unusual style. Based on a parallel corpus of the original English novel and its Bulgarian translation, this research uses the contrastive method to analyze the intensely concentrated nonce words in the text and their equivalents in Bulgarian

Опыт преподавания устного перевода магистрантам-лингвистам в режиме дистанционного обучения

Author(s): Irina Tivyaeva,Albina Vodyanitskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2021

The goal of the paper is an attempt to offer a systematic description of the authors’ experience in distance teaching of a consecutive and simultaneous interpreting course to graduate students of linguistics within the concept of transitioning to online instruction. The paper provides a review of distance interpreting programs available online and focuses on a particular case of adjusting an on-campus course in consecutive and simultaneous interpreting to online instruction. Preliminary results highlight technical and didactic specifics of teaching an online course in consecutive and simultaneous interpreting and make prominent pros and cons of online student teamwork. Drawing from the case study, the authors discuss possible solutions for online interpreter training.

Mетодът „Глобални симулации” при преподаване на испански в сферата на ихтиологията

Author(s): Mihal Pavlov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The purpose of this article is to present the contemporary application of global simulations in the teaching of specialized Spanish in the field of ichthyology. The methods of linguodidactic archeology and linguodidactological analysis are used. The perspectives and concrete results of the application of the “Global Simulations” method in teaching ichthyological terminology to Bulgarian students studying Spanish are studied. The different phases of the application of this method are presented and conclusions are made about its effectiveness in the conditions of the Bulgarian educational system.

Diachronic Analysis and Deictic Means of French Benevolences and Curses

Author(s): Nargiz Seidova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Benevolences and curses, integral and authentic part of the discourse, most clearly reflect the culture of people. The use of these expressions in the communication space of different languages indicates the need for their study from the standpoint of linguistics, folklore, stylistics, rhetoric, psychology, cultural studies and other sciences. This article provides diachronic analysis and examines the deictic means of French benevolences and curses in the French language. The material for the study was the texts of the Bible, French epic poems, medieval legends, ballads, tales, and fiction. When considering this topic, the author used both general and special scientific methods and techniques: a historical-etymological method, a descriptive method that includes methods for observing, comparing, interpreting and classifying the material being studied; semantic identification method; distribution method. Comparing the medieval French discourse with the modern French language, the author examined the grammatical and semantic evolution, which underwent benevolences and curses.

Обучението по словашки език в Италия в контекста на словашко-италианските културни взаимоотношения

Author(s): Dagmar Kročanová / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The initial part of the paper describes the history of Slovak language and culture teaching in Italy, namely, Slovak lectorates at University of Naples L´Orientale, University of Rome Sapienza, and University of Bologna in Forlì. The central part of the paper discusses the foundation, development and activities of the most recent lectorate, founded in 2006, and currently affiliated with the Department of Interpreting and Translating at University of Bologna in Forlì. The paper mentions the circumstances related to the foundation of the lectorate, especially the message of Alexander Dubček (1921 – 1992) upon whom University of Bologna conferred the honorary doctorate in 1988. The paper discusses various activities of the lectorate (language teaching, research and publishing, promoting Slovakia and Slovak culture). It mentions the collaboration with Slovak and Italian institutions, including the Embassy of Slovak Republic in Rome, Slovak Institute in Rome and Honorary Consulate of Slovak Republic in Forlì. The final part of the paper mentions the current situation and perspectives of Slovak studies in Italy.