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Colloquial Vocabulary for Parts of the Human Body in Bulgarian and Polish

Author(s): Petar Sotirov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2020

The object of research is the colloquial vocabulary in Bulgarian and Polish from the thematic area 'parts of the human body'. The aim is to consider in a comparative plan the main nomination techniques for the formation of language units in both languages. The language material consists of colloquial tokens, extracted from Bulgarian and Polish lexicographical sources, catalogs and from the real language practice. It turns out that the main means of nomination in both languages is the secondary nomination. There are also quite a few borrowings from foreign languages. Word formation is also used, primarily as an aid. The analysis reveals significant similarities, but also interesting differences between the two languages in the study area.

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Урок-сказка в обучении русскому языку как иностранному

Author(s): Galina Shamonina,Maya Muratova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2020

The article is focused on the use of fairy tales material in classes with foreign students who speak Russian in the volume of basic and intermediate levels (B1). The model of a non–standard fairy tale lesson is described and designed, methodological recommendations for organizing work with the material of the Russian fairy tale, a system of tasks and exercises aimed at developing lexical and grammatical skills, as well as the development of socio-cultural and intercultural competence of students are proposed.Teaching materials are intended for students of the International Qualification School “Modern Pedagogical Technologies in Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language” (Varna, Republic of Bulgaria).

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Preface

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The Preface provides an overview of the topics covered in the issue.

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Preface

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The preface summarises the content of the issue.

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Стрийминг и запознанства: любов по време на Netflix

Author(s): Aneliya Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2020

In a world in which the internet not only dictates the dynamics of everyday life but also leads people into new, previously impossible experiences, we can now see a significant change in the way we consume entertainment on our screens. Streaming services are fast becoming a meaningful part of our social interactions. They can alter us, not just our consumer habits, but through popular programming, our perceptions too. As part of my broader area of study on online dating, which in itself is another phenomenon of the digital era, I was interested in examining possible connections, influences and further interpretations. What image of love do we get through media? How do dating looks like on screen nowadays? Through analyzing some dating shows on Netflix, I have attempted to contour a portrait of a modern-day search for love.

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Статутът на собствените имена от гледна точка на етнофразеологията

Author(s): Maria Dobrikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

In the introductory part of the article the author analyzes phraseological units with toponymic and ethnonymic components, explicitly connected with a specific historical event, which is part of consciousness of a certain society established as a negative experience. The second part focuses on chosen phraseological units in Slavic languages containing onymic components in their structure that have the character of an a semantic linguistic sign, do not significantly contribute to the emotiveness and imagery of the unit, i. e. they do not influence its phraseological character to a large extent. Lastly, the author deals with the process of phraseologization and motivation of the Slovak phraseme byť (bývať) v Tramtárii (tramtárii) having its origin in mythology or, more specifically, fairy-tales, and its Bulgarian equivalent “гори Тилилейски (тилилейски)”.

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Разбираме“ ли езика? Защо трябва да членуваме?

Author(s): Mariana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

Knowledge of the norm is not a claim, but a fundamental communicative intention of the linguistic personality. Our ability to express ourselves and to be understood, to understand others as they express themselves is a function of language proficiency and its norms and stays as a proof of this. The culture of our linguistic consciousness means mastering literary norms. Definitiveness is a grammatical phenomenon that requires a profound and categorical analysis which to become a methodology of linguistic consciousness. The science of language should here most of all answer the question “why?” Answers to the questions “what” and “how” we are using noun determiner are not sufficient for the linguistic personality

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Българските ЕДИ-местоимения и техните съответствия на руски език

Author(s): Elena Yu. Ivanova,Petya Osenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

In Bulgarian a specific type of indefinite pronouns (formed with ЕДИ-) has been observed. Their role is not only to substitute the original information in the reported speech, but also to reduce it and make it “unspecific”. In Russian the same role is undertaken by the demonstrative pronouns of the type такой-то, тот-то, тогда-то. Very often these pronouns are semantically ambiguous. The current paper presents a contrastive corpus study of Bulgarian and Russian forms of the pronouns in question. The Bulgarian-Russian equivalents are described in their nominal, adjectival and adverbial usages. The similarities and differences are outlined in the structure of the “unspecifying” nominal phrases, in the position of the elements as well as in their functions

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Русский филологический роман ХХI века: традиция, новаторство

Author(s): Alexey Manchev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2020

The article considers the genesis of the phenomenon of “philological novel” in Russian literature and the current state of the issue. The vectors of the development of the philological novel in Russian prose of the 21st century are identified. The interpretation of the novels “Roman s yazykom” and “Brisbane” in the context of the diffusion of literary theory into a literary text is given.

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ELEMENTE DE LIMBAJ SEXIST ÎN LIMBILE ROMÂNĂ, ENGLEZĂ ȘI SPANIOLĂ – STUDIU CONTRASTIV

Author(s): Raluca Ghenţulescu,Florina-Cristina Herling / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

Due to an unfortunate past, in which women, as well as people of different origins were regarded as inferior beings by the majority of the male population, in many languages, both Latin and Germanic, there are a lot of idiomatic expressions with negative connotations about these “minorities”. The Other – seen as any person belonging to another gender, race, nationality or sexual orientation – is perceived as strange, wicked or misfit. This negative attitude towards women is usually reflected at the lexical level, in the idioms used in the conversations with or about them. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide a contrastive study in three languages – Romanian, English and Spanish – of the expressions with sexist connotations, in order to identify the similarities and the differences between them and to get a clear picture of what lies beneath them, at the level of collective mentalities in various societies.

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САДРЖАЈИ ИЗ ПРАВОПИСА У УЏБЕНИЦИМА СРПСКОГ КАО СТРАНОГ ЈЕЗИКА НА НАПРЕДНОМ НИВОУ

Author(s): Marija Isailović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 71/2020

In the teaching of Serbian as foreign language, spelling is taught at the elementary and middle level of knowledge, so that a student at an advanced level is able to use all spelling rules. The topic of this work is spelling materials in printed textbooks of Serbian as foreign language at an advanced level. Textbooks used in this work are printed during the 21st century, so later ones. The goal is to check and present spelling contents in textbooks for the students who study Serbian as a foreign language at an advanced level, as well as to get recommendations for the authors of future textbooks. It can be expected that: a) in university textbooks for advanced level there are activities to systematize knowledge acquired at an elementary and intermediate level, as well as compound tasks which combine more spelling rules; b) spelling contents in the textbooks for special courses are methodologically constructed in order to contribute undertoning and expanding of particular parts of knowledge. The analysis has shown that the latest textbook production pays attention to spell- ing and gives direction for the future authors. It can be inferred that: a) due to the lack of spelling instructions for foreigners only, it is necessary to introduce spelling exercises in textbooks (in accordance with textbook conception); b) in activities intended for improving ortography competence, spelling rules should be related to other competences.

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КОМПОНЕНЦИЈАЛНА АНАЛИЗА ГРУПЕ СИНОНИМА ГЛАГОЛА "ЗУРИТИ" И ЊИХОВИ ЕНГЛЕСКИ ПРЕВОДНИ ЕКВИВАЛЕНТИ

Author(s): Katarina Subanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 71/2020

In this paper, the componential analysis of the English and Serbian groups of synonyms of the verb stare has been conducted. The main aims of the research are the representation of the groups of synonyms of the verb stare, as well as the emphasis of the diagnostic characteristics on which the examined verbs differ. Eventually, the suggested translations of the verbs have been studied. The main conclusion is that the Serbian language contains fewer verbs belonging to this semantic field. For that reason, most of the synonyms have been defined by a semantically neutral verb (e.g. look) modified by an appropriate adverb or a compound adjective. What is more, the results show that the consulted dictionaries and corpora provide detailed and complete information on this subject.

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УТИЦАЈ НОВИНАРСКОГ ЖАНРА НА ПРЕНОШЕЊЕ ТУЂЕГ ГОВОРА У НОВИНСКИ МЕДИЈ

Author(s): Katarina Mijaljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 71/2020

Inclusion of others’ words into authorial discourse is actually the trans- mission of someone else’s speech. Forms of the journalistic style of writing are used in order for transmission of other people’s speech to have the same expressive value as to readers of newspaper media. In the introductory part we present the impor- tance and role of journalistic style of writing in transferring someone else’s speech into newspapers. The paper also discusses two grammaticalized types of conveying another’s speech - direct and indirect - from daily newspapers published in the Re- public of Serbia. We will pay attention to the examples taken from the texts that are an integral part of the daily newspapers which we have divided into two large groups, depending on whether they belong to the model of direct or indirect speech and what their fuction is in a given context.

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South Slavic-Ukrainian Phonetic and Graphic Variability in Religious Monuments of the 14th–15th Century

Author(s): Inna Tsaralunga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

As a result of the analysis of liturgical texts of the 14th–15th centuries created in the territory of Ukraine, expressive signs of interaction between the Old Bulgarian graphic and spelling system and the Ukrainian folk speech are recorded. Manifestations of the phonetic and graphic South Slavic-Ukrainian variability are associated with the following linguistic phenomena in the vocalism and consonantism of religious monuments: continuity of the former*ę,*’а and *Q; change of the initial *jе into о; transition of e into o after hushings and ц; reduction of и > ь before iotated vowels; confusion of unstressed и and е; development of sound combinations *tоrt, *tоlt, *tеrt, *tеlt; reflexes of sound combinations ър, ъл, ьр, ьл; hardening of р'; hardness/softness of hushing consonants; dissimilation and simplification of consonants; change of sound combinations *dj, *zdj and *tj, *kt . In the phonetic system of the studied monuments, the interaction of the traditional writing of that time and the local vernacular is observed, in particular, the phonetic features of the North Ukrainian and the South-West Ukrainian dialects are revealed. The study of the language of religious monuments taking into account the results of other research in the field of philology, paleography, theology has undeniable prospects for linguistic interpretation of church books with the definition of local language traditions of the time, their localization as elements of the Slavic written culture, resolving debatable issues regarding the formation, chronology and systematization of the church-written corpus.

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Писането на есе като компетентност. Какво и как оценяваме

Author(s): Alexandar Panov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

This article analyzes the problems that arise in the measurement and grading of writing skills in one of the main genres of school-level texts – the essay. After analyzing the current grading criteria according to the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science (MES), the author reaches the conclusion that an adequate and objective grading scale is possible only after we have clearly defined the criteria that constitute the competence of essay writing. The author’s main proposition is that this competence is dual in its nature – on the one hand, it is content-related, and on the other – communication-related. Neither of these two competences is defined clearly enough in the current educational criteria. The article describes in detail all aspects of the essay writing competence and offers a clear working algorithm. Hence the author offers the idea that an adequate grading scale can only be created if one follows the classic rhetorical scheme which describes the three main components of any discourse formation – inventio, dispositio, and elocutio. A practical measurement and grading scale is proposed. Its usage would grant two major advantages: it would allow the authorities to assess the students’ results adequately and objectively, and it would frame a clear and systematic working algorithm for the acquisition of essay writing skills. According to Bulgarian school programs, this competence is supposed to be taught for four entire years within the two high-school stages of the secondary education.

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Мотивационен и етнокултурен потенциал на концепта вода в славянската езикова картина на света

Author(s): Maria Dobrikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The first part of the article is focused on theoretical side of the process of idiom creation and on defining terms word motivation and idiom motivation. In the second part of the article the concept water is analyzed within the Slavic linguistic area from the aspect of imagery, mythology and ethnolinguistics. Special attention is paid to the motivation of creation and cultural-idiomatic information carried by non-verbal idioms with the structure of determinative syntagma, which contain the component water. Based on the analysis of the idioms, whose constant structural element is in addition to the noun water an attribute, it is pointed out that in several of them the function of the attribute is crucial, because the connotational-pragmatic constituent of an idiom binds precisely to that attribute, as for example in the case of жива вода or тиха вода units.

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Глаголы и дополнения как модель описания содержания метапредметных компетенций в ожиданиях и представлениях участников рынка труда

Author(s): Sergey Vesmanov,Natalya Jadko,Dmitriy Vesmanov,Gurgen Akopyan / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The article presents results of studying how the labor market participants formulate the perspectives and expectations about the contents of metasubject competencies. The research was carried out in 2019-2020 by the Project Management Laboratory of the Moscow City University and was based on the methodology of the activity approach and qualitative research, using the methods of in-depth interviews and content analysis. Metasubject competencies were considered as a set of purposeful actions expressed in the speech of respondents by verbs (actions) and propositional phrases (goals/subjects). A six-step content analysis of data obtained during an in-depth interview shows that the expectations and perspectives of various categories of labor market participants about the contents of meta-subject competencies can be described by nine enlarged sets of goal-oriented actions denoted by verbs: 1) to adapt, 2) to interact, 3) to speak and write, 4) to achieve, 5) to compete, 6) to present, 7) to design, 8) to manage, 9) to learn. Within each set were defined verbal descriptions of actions, decomposed by adding a goal/object to each action. The results of the study allowed us to identify and present a verb-target model for describing the content of “metasubject competencies” at the conceptual level. At the practical level, the description of the content of metasubject competencies in the form of a verb (action) and propositional phrase (goal/subject of action) allowed us to show them as cross-cutting structural components of educational programs in the education system.

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„Чёрные дыры“ в понимании – к вопросу об осложнении текста перевода в детском восприятии

Author(s): Edyta Manasterska-Wiącek / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The aim of the article is to investigate the effect of vocabulary items that are difficult in reception on comprehension and evaluation of the whole literary text by children. Apart from focusing on ambiguous lexis complicating reception, the paper reflects upon the benefits of investigating such vocabulary in terms of translator education at the graduate level. The analysis was made on the basis of the Polish translation of the poem Мороз и морозец by S.V. Mikhalkov translated by L. Lewin. In order to compare the relationship between the text’s reception and the density of ambiguous vocabulary the author confronts the reactions of actual readers to the two translations – Lewin’s and her own. While the former is dense in ambiguous items, the latter is, on purpose, lexically simple. The participants of the study, children, were asked questions and involved in a discussion focusing on meanings of selected words and their impressions from the reception of the two translations. The interview led to conclusions on the influence of potentially ambiguous vocabulary on the actual reception of the whole text.

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К вопросу о русскоязычной литературе как фактор сохранения витальности русского языка

Author(s): Ivelina Todorova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The article is devoted to the preservation of survival (vitality) of the Russian language through the prism of translational literature, which is created by ethnically non-Russian authors. The author of the article is trying to prove that the survival of the Russian language depends not only on territorial and demographic factors, but also on translingual (Russian-language literature). In the fiction of Russian-speaking authors, the Russian language is a translator of a worldview that is not inherent in native speakers of the Russian language and culture.

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Христаки Павлович и неговите уроци по писмописание в „Писменник общеполезен“ (1835)

Author(s): Diana Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The object of the research is one of the first two modern Bulgarian textbooks on letter writing – „Pismennik obshtepolezen“ („A Letter Writing Handbook of General Use“), 1835, by the prominent Revival pedagogue Hristaki Pavlovich. The book on letters is presented in the context of the cultural and historical situation in the second quarter of the 19th century, and from the point of view of the changes in the Bulgarian school, where new teaching methods and “modern sciences” were introduced. The article analyzes the theoretical part of „Pismennik obshtepolezen“, which contains instructions and rules for writing letters, and groups the types of letters and their components. Based on some statements by the author, conclusions are drawn about his views on ethical, social and pedagogical issues.

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