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ЖАНРОВА СТРУКТУРА НА ТЕКСТОВО БАЗИРАНАТА КОМПЮТЪРНО ОПОСРЕДСТВАНА КОМУНИКАЦИЯ

Author(s): Bilyana Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The aim of the paper is to present the problem of genre structure of texts, which are parts of the computer-mediated communication. At the beginning of the article some characteristics of the concept of genre are discussed. Nowadays most of the traditional genres have existed in Internet as well. However, text-based Computer-mediated Communication (CMC) also has its own genre structure. Genres in CMC may be synchronous or asynchronous; monological or dialogical; topic-centred or person-centred; personal or public, etc. These days the so called social networks become very popular, integrating many other genres. At the same time the specifics of genres are preserved.

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КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНА МЕТАФОРА «ЛЮДИНА ТА СУСПІЛЬСТВО» В ТЕКСТАХ ЗМІ НА МАТЕРІАЛІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ТА АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВ

Author(s): Oksana Nazarenko,Nadia Kabantseva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2024

The article provides a comparative analysis of the conceptual metaphor "Person and Society" in mass media texts on the material of the Ukrainian and English languages. A metaphor is a tool for thinking and knowing the world, it reflects fundamental cultural values. The cognitive-semantic content of the conceptual metaphor "Person and Society" makes it possible to divide it into four frames that are common to both studied languages: "War and Crime", "Medicine", "Sports and Games", and "Culture and Art". The conceptual metaphors of the "War and Crime" frame refer to war and its varieties, military actions, weapons, criminals and their victims, and places of imprisonment. The frame "Medicine" includes metaphors depicting various diseases, their treatment, names of drugs, as well as nominations of patients and staff and names of medical institutions. The frame "Sports and Games" combines metaphorical expressions indicating sports and its terminology, athletes and their qualifications, the results of sports competitions, as well as the names of games and their rules. The frame "Culture and Art" is the basis of metaphors, focused on the elements of creative artistic activity, education and science, which depict theater, visual arts, literature, as well as music and cinema. It should be noted that the frame "Economics and Finance" is frequently used in the English mass media texts and is almost never found in the Ukrainian mass media. The framework "Economics and Finance" includes the concepts of financial and economic activity, which are based on the appropriate terminology during verbalization.

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DEIXISUL ÎN LIMBA ROMÂNĂ ȘI ÎN LITERATURA PENTRU COPII

Author(s): Teodora LEON / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2022

Deixis constitutes a captivating system of terms which do not have a “fixed” point of reference, since they rely on the conversational context of two or more speakers and their subsequent body language. Such words constantly occur in our day-to-day talks and they can denote various elements, from time and space to other people known by all the parties engaged in the respective discussion. Since we are dealing with a spoken dialogue, one may end up wondering whether deictic terms can be easily detected in written texts, as well. The situation does get trickier, but simultaneously more intriguing, and we are to reach the conclusion that deictic items are most effective when they are accompanied by visual aids. The following article will explore deixis starting from the mentioned premise and resorting to examples from contemporary picture books for children, written either by Romanian authors or foreign ones. The main purpose is to trace how illustrations provide a favourable medium for deictic expressions to arise, filling certain “gaps” inside the texts, so as to ensure that the story’s message and intentions are passed on successfully to the readers. The selection of examples will cover three types of usage of deictic words, specifically the symbolic one (which requires the speakers to be aware of the temporal and spatial framework of their conversation), the gestural one (which includes, as the name already suggests, the speakers’ gestures, in order to indicate the referent) and the mixed one (which is simply a combination of the first two types).

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Између Србије, Америке и Британије: социолингвистички поглед на записе Мејбел Стобарт и Јелене Лозанић

Author(s): Svetlana Velimirac / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2024

Between Serbia, America and Britain: a Sociolinguistic View of the Writings of Mabel St. Clair Stobart and Jelena Lozanić This paper deals with the construction of a complex sociolinguistic narrative network of meaning that includes intricate interaction of societies and individuals, local and global, based on narratives written by two female authors about personal experiences from the First World War: Mission for Serbia: Letters from America and Canada 1915-1920 (1970) by Jelena Lozanić Frothingham and The Flaming Sword in Serbia and Elsewhere (1916) by Mabel St. Clair Stobart. The authors presented their own experience of the war and the complexity of a woman’s identity, while they were relocated to a different environment –Jelena Lozanić from Serbia to the United States of America and Canada, and Mabel Stobart from England to Serbia. Through the sociolinguistic narrative network of these works, we discover new positions of power that women won by actively participating in the First World War, regardless of geographical distance, the diversity of their positions, roles, and environments. The messages of humanism and pacifism are addressed to the readers of both works, while concrete examples show how much an individual can achieve for the community through active social engagement. Reading these works and searching for the texts related to them, we ourselves become part of the same sociolinguistic narrative network (Filipović, 2018a: 219) as interpreters of social relations shown from the particular positions of the authors.

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METALIMBAJUL LITERAR ŞI LEXICOGRAFIA LA PROFESORUL ION MANOLI

Author(s): Victor Untila / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

Dictionary of Literary Terms: Etymology. Definition. Exemplification. Theory. Chisinau: ULIM (Print - Caro), 2022 – 608 pages, elaborated with much dedication and commitment by Professor Dr. hab. ULIM, Ion Manoli, a dictionary that marks the dimensions and importance of this part of the so-called 'literary' metalanguage. The title of the afterword is eloquent: 'Rhetoric is dead, long live rhetoric.' Mentioning the great names of researchers who have conducted studies in the field: Gérard Genette, Jean Cohen, Jean-Marie Klinkenberg, Roland Barthes, etc., we thus arrive at the relationships between rhetoric and literature. These two microstudies by Mr. Dorel Fînaru constitute a theoretical and laudatory contribution to this great lexicographical work.

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За преходното и устойчивото в българската разговорна реч през последните 30 години (в края на XX и началото на XXI в.) и за някои наподобяващи дублети паралелни употреби в устната комуникация

Author(s): Marieta Tsvetkova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

Main features of Bulgarian colloquial speech are presented in 3 groups – stable trends, doublet variants and transitional lexemes and expressions. The first group includes: verb saturation, the interference from English and neglecting of the use of the polite form and the second one – the ending -me instead of -m for one category of verbs, the polite form with agreed by gender past active participle and some uses of prepositions. In the third group are presented intensifiers and response-clichés for expressing approval, disapproval and astonishment/surprise. A survey carried out by the author illustrates how, out of the existing multitude of cliché response options, only 25% to 33% are in active use in colloquial speech. It’s demonstrated also the opposite connotation of some phrases with meaning depending on the intonation, the implicit background or some extra-linguistic factors – an indicator that oral interaction needs more comprehensive observations including a complex of factors.

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За конкуренцията между разговорните съчинителни конектори

Author(s): Radoslav Tsonev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The subject of the study is the rivalry between the colloquial connectives assigned to the same or different groups of coordinating conjunctions – copulative, adversative (comparative), corrrelative (disjunctive), which express the same or similar syntactic relations, making it possible to replace them in oral communication.

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Въпросителните изказвания в медийната реч

Author(s): Marina Dzhonova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

This study treats the formal types of interrogative utterances in media speech. Conclusions are based on data from the Corpus of Spoken Bulgarian BgSpeech as well as on media interview recordings from 2023. The data show that journalists use interrogative sentences with wh-word or with question particle in their speech, and none of these formal types prevails. It is much more frequent that both formal types are used within one and the same utterance. Interrogative utterances without a question word were also found, and they are marked as interrogative only by the intonation. Interrogative utterances are predominantly direct speech acts. Only unconventional indirect speech acts with particle li are characteristic for the communicative situation in media interview.

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Аспекти на диалога при виртуалното общуване (диалогът в коментарните рубрики)

Author(s): Vanya Zidarova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

Dialogue as a form of communication is part of virtual communication on the Internet. Comments are a type of dialogue that is characterized by distance between communicators, indirectness and one-way communication. Linguistically, commentary is a written form of spoken speech, in which almost all communicative practices inherent in oral speech are observed. In this study, comments on the Facebook pages of four entertainment television shows are analyzed. The speech strategies and linguistic devices used in the comments as a dialogic form are analyzed.

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Лингвистичен профил на израза имам предвид в българския парламент

Author(s): Petya Osenova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The article presents a linguistic profile of the multiword expression “imam predvid (to have in mind)” together with its close variants “vzemam / vzema predvid (to take into account)” and “nyamam predvid” (not to have in mind). For the survey the Bulgarian part of the ParlaMint 4.0 corpus of parliamentary sessions has been used. The observations have been gathered through various corpus methods among which concordance, colocation estimation, frequency estimation of the expressions. The specifics have been shown in the usage of the most frequent wordforms of the expression “imam predvid (to have in mind)” as well the characteristics of the usage of the other two expressions. Illustrative comparisons have been made among the expressions with respect to the speech of two members of Parliament, within the parameter coalition – opposition as well as within the male and female speaking.

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Лингвистични характеристики на устния дискурс в политическата сатира (наблюдения върху видеоблог във Фейсбук)

Author(s): Silvena Stavreva-Dorostolska / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The processes of transformation and affirmation of new forms in oral communication have been very intense in the last decade. Social networks have provided a platform for sharing not only written but also audio-visual outputs. The popularity of the vlogs quickly grew, and some of their creators acquired the status of influencers. A current phenomenon on Facebook is the political satire video blog of the Bulgarian journalist, public figure and inspirer of various volunteer initiatives, Tatiana Christy. The present article analyzes some modern linguistic features of oral discourse that appear in Christy’s clips. The paths through which political satire moves from press, stage and cinema to the social network in the form of short videos are traced, exploring the establishment of new genre boundaries. The audience’s perceptual transformations are also an object of analysis.

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Wiralowość jako praktyka komunikacyjna we współczesnym dyskursie młodzieżowym (na przykładzie języka polskiego)

Author(s): Anna Wileczek / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 1/2024

The article analyzes the phenomenon of (verbal) virality in the unofficial online discourse of young people. Multi-word structures, with the status of minimal text or quotation and an indeterminate (contextual) genological status (sayings, retorts, comments), gain popularity through numerous shares, humorous transformations, and ironic parodies. Therefore, it is essential to discover the mechanisms contributing to the popularity of these analyzed structures. The text employs methods from cultural cartography and semantic-pragmatic analysis to identify and discuss exemplary functions as ways in which these contents impact recipients (playful function, reinforcement of individual identity, phatic, educational, creative, emotional, and inspiring-motivational functions).

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Езикова употреба и идентичност при ромите мюсюлмани на Балканите

Author(s): Hristo Kyuchukov,Łukasz Kwadrans / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The paper presents results from a survey with Muslim Roma from North Macedonia and Cyprus. Both language groups are multilingual: the North Macedonian Roma speak 4 languages and the Cypriot Roma – 3 languages in their everyday communication. The aim of the study is to find out which the dominant language among the two groups is and how they identify themselves. The authors’ hypothesis is that there will be a linguicism to the speakers of Romani in both countries, however this hypothesis was not confirmed. Most of the respondents in the study identify as Roma although some of them have Turkish as a mother tongue.

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Перцепция на глаголни форми с окончание -ме вм. -м в 1 л., мн. ч., сег. вр. от съвременните българи

Author(s): Krasimira Aleksova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

In the present study, I comment on the results of 3 surveys – 1 nationally representative and 2 non-representative. The main goal is to study the perception of forms for 1st person, plural, present and future tense, 1st and 2nd conjugations ending in -me instead of -m. Three perceptual styles are used: a list of 3-4 words, a simple sentence, a short text. The hypotheses are tested that muttering is more often not recognized as an error, that it leads to positive evaluations of the speaker’s personal and social characteristics, that the degree of recognizability of muttering depends on the perceptual style and socio-demographic characteristics of the speaker.

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Трансформация на безлична предикативна конструкция в речта на жители на Ямболско

Author(s): Niya Radeva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The analysis focuses on a regional variant of an impersonal-predicative construction of the type strah me e (beshe) (I am/was afraid in English). The citizens from the region of Yambol use the variant stra(h)sheme. It is a contamination of the noun and the 3rd person singular form of the auxiliary verb sam (to be in English) most often in the imperfective aspect. The phenomenon occurs only in the literary model with a short form of a personal pronoun in the accusative case. The semantically corresponding personal verbs are always reflexive – strahuvam se (I’m afraid in English). The phenomenon was noticed by I. Kochev in the 1960s in Sliven and in three villages to the east and southeast of Yambol. It is defined as a hypostasis. I add examples from the speech of people born in two other villages to the south and southwest of the town of Yambol. They confirm the examples found so far and show diversity with respect to some grammatical categories. I draw some conclusions about the nature of the transformation, its territorial distribution and sustainability.

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Заемане на славянски лексикални елементи в езиците от балканския езиков съюз. Лексемата кост

Author(s): Anastasia Petrova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The article analyzes the process of borrowing, integrating and adapting the Slavic word кост and its derivatives in the Balkan Sprachbund. The conditions and areas of borrowing, contexts of functioning, dynamics and variability in the formal-semantic appearance of the borrowed lexical item are examined. The development of the somatism кост, established with different meanings in the host languages, is traced against the background of its synonyms, derivatives and somatic phraseology. The systematization and reflection of the collected material are subordinated to the main goal of manifesting the dialectal network of common Balkan meanings of the Slavic lexemes.

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Езикова игра във „Вселена“ от сборника „Уж“ на Д. Воденичаров

Author(s): Radina Ivanova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The present article is devoted to the phraseological language play found in Vselena from Uzh – a collection of Dimitar Vodenicharov’s literary works (Vodenicharov is also the author of several other books, including Phraseological Novel). By using language play in the text, the author interprets the Biblical themes of creation and Adam and Eve, intertwining the logic of the modern world (with an emphasis on the stereotypes of women) with the logic of the holy book. As a result, there is a clash between the language of today’s popular culture and our preconceived notions about the high style characteristic of texts like the Bible. The analysis focuses on various types of lexical-level language play (i.e. lexical, phraseological and other playful transformations). The article concludes that, on the one hand, language play is a feature specifically used in the construction of the text under analysis (Vselena), on the other hand, it is related to the cognitive mechanisms used by the modern person for its interpretation and his/her abilities to encode and decode a multi-layered text through making associative links based on extensive background knowledge.

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Разговорното ЧЕ в художествената реч

Author(s): Verka Sasheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The object of research is the polyfunctional colloquial „that“ in the stylized colloquial speech of a literary text. The significance of the problem arises from the fact that in the studies devoted to oral communication, attention is paid to a number of coordinating connective and oppositional conjunctions (та, па, ама, ами), par ticles (абе, нали) as pragmatic markers, of their competition, but the functional-semantic value of че (that) has never been closely reviewed. Therefore, the purpose of the report is to present the functional-semantic implementation of че (that) in the stylized colloquial speech as a colloquial coordinating conjunction, a colloquial expressive intensifier, a grammatical particle, a pragmatic particle, including in joint use with other conjunctions (polysyndetonism), particles, interjections. Attention is paid to the joint use of че (that) with other pragmatic markers.

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Отклонения при изписването на атрибутивни съчетания с първи компонент дума от чужд произход в неофициалната интернет комуникация

Author(s): Elitsa Topalova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The paper is devoted to the attributive combinations of two nouns in which the first component is a word of foreign origin that gives some extra information about the second component of the combination. The instances of usage are observed in informal Internet communication viewed as written form of spoken language. The emphasis is placed on the different spelling variants of these combinations that are observed in the examined examples, excerpted mainly from social media. The difference in spelling is presented as a result of an existing argument about the current linguistic essence of these combinations – whether they are a lexical unit (lexeme) or a syntactic structure.

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Правописът в българската разговорна реч в интернет

Author(s): Velin Petrov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The article examines the issue of orthography in Bulgarian colloquial speech on the internet. We discuss the most common errors in the use of upper-case and lower-case letters, in the spelling of open, closed, or hyphenated complex or compound words, in article suffixation, in the use of the ordinal form of masculine nouns, etc. Cases are also analysed where internet users make spelling mistakes on purpose for a variety of reasons.

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