(Bio)grafia textului literar

Author(s): Roxana-Elena Oniga / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 6/2017

This study presents the analysis of compositional elements and language of the poem „I do not crush the corolla of wonders of the world” by Lucian Blaga. This poem is based on a philosophical theme – knowledge. „The corolla of wonders” is the universal balance, the measure of beauty, the mystery of life and of death. The following metaphors flowers, eyes, lips, graves capture the poetic creation themes – life/ transitoriness, knowledge, love and death. These metaphors are immagined as the petals of corolla which are intended to shelter the mystery.

1898. 25 години от обесването на Левски: юбилей и преса

Author(s): Elena Getova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The year 1898 marked the first jubilee of Vasil Levski – 25 years since his hanging. The dynamics of political processes in liberated Bulgaria at the time present a rather interesting and particularly complex picture against the background of which this event unfolded. The stereotype of jubilee celebrations was yet to consolidate and this particular occasion – the anniversary since the death of the Apostle of freedom – makes visible the deep political contradictions inherited from previous historical realities. The manifestations of these contradictions can be seen in the press in 1898.

1926–1940

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 02/2016

The journal Korunk (“Our Age”) celebrates the 90th anniversary of its founding in February this year. One of the oldest Hungarian-language social-scientific/cultural/literary journals of the Carpathian Basin still published today has played an essential role not only within Transylvanian Hungarian literary, scientific and cultural life, but also in the integration of European values into Transylvanian culture. Its founder and editor until 1931 was Dienes László, who, from January 1929, co-edits the journal with Gábor Gaál. The Korunk establishes a new type of journal, aimed at encompassing the whole of modernly differentiated spiritual life, hitherto lacking from Romanian Hungarian culture, which, as “a journal of four countries”, enlists its authors from more countries for almost every issue, even in the issues of the first series, from February 1926 to August 1940. The second series of the Korunk commences in February 1957, under editor-in-chief Ernõ Gáll and managing editor Edgár Balogh. The thematic centre of the journal is defined as the modernisation of its profile and themes and as the rendering of national and ethnic characteristics “between universal coordinates”. However, the ever-increasing censorship sees to it that the initiatives of this second start soon turn grey, and that the journal limits itself to the preservation of forms and to the mere presentation of worldwide cultural life, tolerated by the censors. The second part of the 1960s, with the easing up of the political climate, brings about a new change. This is the beginning of the truly “good period” of the Korunk, due to experimenting with new forms, new editorial conceptions, and, not least, to the exploitation of the possibilities inherent in thematic editing. By this time, the journal has become not only a much needed forum for Transylvanian Hungarian intellectuals, but also an institution of consciousness formation and ethnic self-cognizance. Again, after 1984, the year when the repressive characteristics of the political regime start to become increasingly dominant, the possibilities are narrowed down once more. In fact, from now on, the life of the journal limits itself to isolated editorial work. The third series, launched in January 1990, will have Lajos Kántor as editor-in-chief, followed by Imre József Balázs, and then by Gyöngy Kovács Kiss. In its present form, Korunk remains a forum for intellectuals and a mediator of scientific results. On the one hand, it is a blend of Transylvanism and Europeanism – due to the discussion of global and local themes –, on the other hand, it also fulfils the function of a bridge between the segments of Transylvanian and universal Hungarian spiritual life. The fragmentary corpus of this issue presents the virtual, longitudinal, or rather latitudinal, section of a textual archive, its horizontal and vertical approach. And, in this reading, it is also an attempt at a self-reflection of the Korunk at its jubilee.

1957-1989

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 02/2016

The journal Korunk (“Our Age”) celebrates the 90th anniversary of its founding in February this year. One of the oldest Hungarian-language social-scientific/cultural/literary journals of the Carpathian Basin still published today has played an essential role not only within Transylvanian Hungarian literary, scientific and cultural life, but also in the integration of European values into Transylvanian culture. Its founder and editor until 1931 was Dienes László, who, from January 1929, co-edits the journal with Gábor Gaál. The Korunk establishes a new type of journal, aimed at encompassing the whole of modernly differentiated spiritual life, hitherto lacking from Romanian Hungarian culture, which, as “a journal of four countries”, enlists its authors from more countries for almost every issue, even in the issues of the first series, from February 1926 to August 1940. The second series of the Korunk commences in February 1957, under editor-in-chief Ernõ Gáll and managing editor Edgár Balogh. The thematic centre of the journal is defined as the modernisation of its profile and themes and as the rendering of national and ethnic characteristics “between universal coordinates”. However, the ever-increasing censorship sees to it that the initiatives of this second start soon turn grey, and that the journal limits itself to the preservation of forms and to the mere presentation of worldwide cultural life, tolerated by the censors. The second part of the 1960s, with the easing up of the political climate, brings about a new change. This is the beginning of the truly “good period” of the Korunk, due to experimenting with new forms, new editorial conceptions, and, not least, to the exploitation of the possibilities inherent in thematic editing. By this time, the journal has become not only a much needed forum for Transylvanian Hungarian intellectuals, but also an institution of consciousness formation and ethnic self-cognizance. Again, after 1984, the year when the repressive characteristics of the political regime start to become increasingly dominant, the possibilities are narrowed down once more. In fact, from now on, the life of the journal limits itself to isolated editorial work. The third series, launched in January 1990, will have Lajos Kántor as editor-in-chief, followed by Imre József Balázs, and then by Gyöngy Kovács Kiss. In its present form, Korunk remains a forum for intellectuals and a mediator of scientific results. On the one hand, it is a blend of Transylvanism and Europeanism – due to the discussion of global and local themes –, on the other hand, it also fulfils the function of a bridge between the segments of Transylvanian and universal Hungarian spiritual life. The fragmentary corpus of this issue presents the virtual, longitudinal, or rather latitudinal, section of a textual archive, its horizontal and vertical approach. And, in this reading, it is also an attempt at a self-reflection of the Korunk at its jubilee.

1990–2015

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 02/2016

The journal Korunk (“Our Age”) celebrates the 90th anniversary of its founding in February this year. One of the oldest Hungarian-language social-scientific/cultural/literary journals of the Carpathian Basin still published today has played an essential role not only within Transylvanian Hungarian literary, scientific and cultural life, but also in the integration of European values into Transylvanian culture. Its founder and editor until 1931 was Dienes László, who, from January 1929, co-edits the journal with Gábor Gaál. The Korunk establishes a new type of journal, aimed at encompassing the whole of modernly differentiated spiritual life, hitherto lacking from Romanian Hungarian culture, which, as “a journal of four countries”, enlists its authors from more countries for almost every issue, even in the issues of the first series, from February 1926 to August 1940. The second series of the Korunk commences in February 1957, under editor-in-chief Ernõ Gáll and managing editor Edgár Balogh. The thematic centre of the journal is defined as the modernisation of its profile and themes and as the rendering of national and ethnic characteristics “between universal coordinates”. However, the ever-increasing censorship sees to it that the initiatives of this second start soon turn grey, and that the journal limits itself to the preservation of forms and to the mere presentation of worldwide cultural life, tolerated by the censors. The second part of the 1960s, with the easing up of the political climate, brings about a new change. This is the beginning of the truly “good period” of the Korunk, due to experimenting with new forms, new editorial conceptions, and, not least, to the exploitation of the possibilities inherent in thematic editing. By this time, the journal has become not only a much needed forum for Transylvanian Hungarian intellectuals, but also an institution of consciousness formation and ethnic self-cognizance. Again, after 1984, the year when the repressive characteristics of the political regime start to become increasingly dominant, the possibilities are narrowed down once more. In fact, from now on, the life of the journal limits itself to isolated editorial work. The third series, launched in January 1990, will have Lajos Kántor as editor-in-chief, followed by Imre József Balázs, and then by Gyöngy Kovács Kiss. In its present form, Korunk remains a forum for intellectuals and a mediator of scientific results. On the one hand, it is a blend of Transylvanism and Europeanism – due to the discussion of global and local themes –, on the other hand, it also fulfils the function of a bridge between the segments of Transylvanian and universal Hungarian spiritual life. The fragmentary corpus of this issue presents the virtual, longitudinal, or rather latitudinal, section of a textual archive, its horizontal and vertical approach. And, in this reading, it is also an attempt at a self-reflection of the Korunk at its jubilee.

Adolf Schullerus şi folclorul românesc

Author(s): Gudrun-Liane Ittu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 21/2007

Adolf Schullerus (1864–1928), einer der bedeutendsten sächsischen Gelehrten – Professor, Pfarrer, Lexikograf, Ethnologe und erfolgreicher Politiker – hat sich nicht nur mit der Volkskunde seiner ethnischen Gruppe befasst, sondern auch mit der der Völkerschaften, mit denen die Sachsen zusammenlebten.Gegen Ende seiner Karriere, zum Zeitpunkt als er Senator im rumänischen Parlament war (1919–1926), hat sich Schullerus der Erfassung und Klassifizierung der rumänischen Volksmärchen aus dem gesamten Gebiet Großrumäniens gewidmet, wobei er das vom finnischen Ethnologen Antti Aarne erarbeitete System anwandte (Aarnes Werk war 1910 in Helsinki erschienen). Schullerus Werk erschien erst 1928, nach dem Tod des Verfassers, in Helsinki, unter der Nummer 78 der bekannten Reihe FF Communications, die die Finnische Akademie herausgab, und trägt den Titel „Verzeichnis der rumänischen Märchen und Märchenvarianten. Nach dem System der Märchentypen Antti Aarnes, zusammengestellt von Adolf Schullerus“. Etwa die Hälfte der untersuchten rumänischen Märchen und Märchenvarianten ließen sich den Kategorien des finnischen Systems nicht einordnen, eine Tatsache, die auf den Reichtum und die Vielfalt dieses Genres bei den Rumänen zurückzuführen ist. Aarnes Methode und demnach auch Schullerus´ Werk fanden sowohl Anerkennung bei der Fachwelt, sind jedoch auch wiederholt kritisiert worden. Im Laufe der Zeit mehrfach verbessert, hat die Methode bis zum heutigen Tage überlebt, während das Verzeichnis des Siebenbürgers ein interessantes bibliophiles Werk bleibt. 2006, 78 Jahre nach der Erstausgabe des „Verzeichnisses“, hat I. Oprişan eine rumänische Übersetzung herausgegeben und im Anhang kritische Beiträge der bedeutenden rumänischen Forscher Corneliu Bărbulescu, I. C. Chiţimia und Ovidiu Papadima abgedruckt. Dank dieser Initiative wird Schullerus’ mit viel Mühe verfasstes Werk nicht nur gewürdigt, sondern auch den rumänischen Ethnologen zugänglich gemacht.

Aneksja kolektywu czy dyktat wybiórcy? Z zagadnień antologii tłumaczeń (na przykładzie nowych wyborów poezji rosyjskiej)

Author(s): Ewa Goczał / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 157/2017

The article attempts to present the comparison of two translator’s achievements: Zbigniew Dmitroca’s Radio Swoboda and Jerzy Czech’s Wdrapałem się na piedestał. The anthologist’s work is considered here as both the act of translation and revelation — joining the translation of literary texts and their compilation in anthologies with scrutinizing the particular writers and literary phenomena as well as the process of translation itself, and introducing a new, transforming quality to the native poetry. A translator-anthologist can be perceived in that perspective as a link between two literary cultures, and also as an initiator of changes and an independent creator who develops, in his own language and on his own conditions, a certain new Polish canon of Russian poetry

Artur Rega: „Omul în lumea simbolurilor. Antropologia filozofică a lui Mircea Eliade”

Author(s): Magdalena FILARY / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2018

The Polish exegesis of Mircea Eliade's work has grown after 1989 through monographs and studies devoted entirely to hermeneutics that the historian and phenomenologist of religions imposes on the sciences dealing with the study of sacredness, of religious phenomena and related symbolism. The book Man in the Symbol World. Philosophical Anthropology of Mircea Eliade by Artur Rega is among them.

BEYOND THE HISTORY OF A LITERARY GENRE: THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ROMANAIN MEMORY WRITING

Author(s): Doris Mironescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Beyond the History of a Literary Genre: The Encyclopedia of Romanian Memory Writing. The paper presents the theoretical frame of the research project The Encyclopedia of Romanian Memory Writing, currently being developed at the “A. Philippide” Institute for Romanian Philology. This encyclopedia joins other recent projects, such as literary dictionaries, in an effort to construct an alternative approach to the (national) literary history by subverting the (legitimizing) causal narration. It will include canonical texts, memoirists, various categories of title-articles, but also a set of operative concepts that allow for a definition of memoir-writing starting from the psychological, philosophical and anthropological implications of memory. By indexing literary phenomena in an encyclopedic manner, the textual corpora of Romanian literature may be described and analyzed in a transnational, comparative and interdisciplinary manner.

Cartea în era digitală

Author(s): Ștefan Vasile / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 6/2017

Books have been around for millennia, playing a vital role inhuman civilization as a practical way to code and safeguard knowledge acquired by people who lived long before us. Not only that, but prior to TV and modern-day electronic devices books were a source of entertainment for literate individuals. We as civilized specie owe a lot to books and it would be pity to abandon them in the wake of the digitally interactive world that is shaping before our eyes. Although paper books have a certain appeal for the purist who enjoys the pleasure of turning pages with the tip of the fingers, one must not be afraid of digital books such as e-books or audio books. Ever since transitioning from writing and drawing on cave walls and rocks to writing on leaves and animal skins, books have evolved as well. The same way as ancient Egyptian books written on papyrus or Western European medieval books hand written on lamb skins bear little resemblance to current books printed on paper, modern e-books or digital audio books are just different avatars of knowledge safekeeping through books.Just think that a humble PC or laptop can shelter millions digital books,while it would take a monumental building to shelter and make available that many books in printed version.

Confesiunile literaților bărbați: Liana Cozea, Patru critici literari. Jurnale și memorii

Author(s): Florica Bodistean / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2019

Crossing the Borders of the East: Petya Tsoneva Ivanova, Negotiating Borderlines in Four Contemporary Migrant Writers from the Middle East

Author(s): Ayham Abu Orouq / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Cultura tradiţională imaterială românească din Bistriţa-Năsăud, vo. II, Sărbătorile ciclului social şi calendaristic sau Munci şi zile în Ţinutul Bistriţei şi Năsăudului

Author(s): Dana-Maria RUS / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2016

Alcătuit dintr-un număr consistent de pagini, volumul de faţă prezintă, într-o manieră amănunţită, aspecte din cultura imaterială a populaţiei din judeţul BistriţaNăsăud de-a lungul secolului XX. Aşa după cum bine remarca profesorul Vasile Dâncu în prezentarea de pe coperta 2 a cărţii, volumul se diferenţiază de alte lucrări de gen prin scopul pentru care a fost scris, şi anume acela de ,,a oferi societăţii şi omului modern o alternativă la pierderea sensului, la uitarea de sine sau la crizele identitare’’. Spaţiul investigat de cei doi autori este bine delimitat chiar din titlu: Ţinutul Bistriţei şi Ţinutul Năsăudului, locuri familiare autorilor care au copilărit şi au crescut în zonă.

Debuturile individuale ale reprezentanților generației '80 (I)

Author(s): Vlad Gheorghe Alui / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2020

Individual identity crisis became an obsessive theme of the Central-European literature, lived intensively in this space. From this point of view, the generations and literary promotions of the 1960 and 1970's Romania benefited from a specific openness due to a complex of social, political and historical factors. The 80s generation appeared in a full process of strengthening the ideological vigilance after the famous July Theses introduced by Nicolae Ceausescu following the North Korean model. Although there were the same rules and the same barriers for beginners of the era, the issue was treated and felt differently. While some suffer from the delay of the debut, others are patient because they trust their chance, others give up. Even if the overall context was an oppressive one and the institution of censorship was the one that controlled the literature during the communist period, authors managed to adapt and write no matter what, they found accepted ways that did not alter their message and they published under conditions that today we can hardly call without doubt honourable. The published authors had visibility and were united around some literary circles, forming what Allen Ginsberg called in The Best Minds of My Generation: A Literary History of the Beats, "circles of liberation".

Din C. spre Ch

IMAGINARUL LITEREI

Author(s): Grigore Chiper / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2019

Dominik Chechelski, Cycerona i Jana Pawła II myślenie o starości, seria: Horyzonty dogmatu, Kraków: wyd. Scriptum 2017, ss. 221. Print. ISBN 978-83-65432-48-3

Author(s): Dariusz Piasecki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 12/2017

Etnologia europeană în jurul anului 1800. Culegeri cu ajutorul corespondenților și al chestionarelor

Author(s): Ion Taloş / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 30/2016

Um 1800 richteten Regierungen und wissenschaftliche Gesellschaften ihren Blick auf die Volkskultur (Bräuche, Aberglauben, Lieder, Sagen, Märchen usw.). Es entstand eine neue Wissenschaft - die Ethnologie -, für deren Entwicklung die Korrespondenten viel beigetragen haben, denn sie konnten auf Grund der vom Zentrum verschickten Fragebögen, die notwendigen Informationen aufnehmen und sie den Wissenschaftlern zur Verfügung stellen. Die Anfänge der europäischen Ethnologie stehen also unter dem Zeichen des Sammelns mit Hilfe von Korrespondenten. Vorläufer dieser Methode waren die in die Neue Welt gesandten spanischen Priester (z. B. Bernardino de Sahagún im 16. Jh.), die Informationen aller Art über die eroberten Völker sammeln sollten, und der schwedische König Gustavus Adolphus, der 1630 Antiquaren und Historiker damit beauftragte, Märchen und Sagen sowie Kenntnisse der Volksmedizin und der Wetterkunde der einfachen Menschen aufzunehmen. Auf ähnlicher Weise verfuhren 1798 Napoleon und 1805-1810 Erzherzog Johann von Österreich, die „zum Zwecke einer besseren Regierungstätigkeit”, ein Inventar aller Feld-, Industrie- und Kunstarbeiten, und nicht zuletzt der Bräuche, Aberglauben sowie der Ruinen alter Monumente haben wollten. Société des Observateurs de l’Homme (1799-1804), Académie Celtique (1805) sowie das Grimmsche Projekt Aufsammlung der Volkspoesie (1808, 1810) stellten Fragebögen zusammen, die die Verbesserung der Forschung von Exploratoren im Übersee, bzw. das Kennenlernen der Vergangenheit der Kelten und Deutschen durch die Gegenwart bezweckten.

FOLKLORE ARCHIVES – WITNESSES OF THE HISTORY OF ETHNOLOGICAL STUDIES

Author(s): Eleonora Sava / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Folklore archives – witnesses of the history of ethnological studies. This study proposes a rereading of the documents kept in a folklore archive from Romania, with a focus on the methods used by those who drafted and archived these documents. The research demonstrates that, in the absence of testimonies regarding the manner in which fieldwork was conducted, the documents of the archive can provide valuable information on the field research and the vision on folklore of several generations of researchers. Thus, archives of folklore are seen as witnesses of the history of ethnology.

FROM CLOSE TO DISTANT READING OF 100 ROMANIAN NOVELS FROM 1850 TO 1920

Author(s): Luiza Marinescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

From Close to Distant Reading of 100 Romanian Novels from 1850 to 1920. In Romania, among the academic personalities, Solomon Marcus (b. the 1st of March 1925, Bacău – d. the 17th of March 2016, Bucharest) was perhaps the only one who happily combined linguistics and mathematics, being known in the Romanian philological environment especially for Lingvistica matematică [Mathematical Linguistic], Modele matematice în lingvistică [Mathematical Models in Linguistics], 1963, 1966, and Poetica matematică [Mathematical Poetics], in 1970, and in the international scientific field for numerous translation and also for numerous papers published in prestigious publishing houses in Paris, New York and Bologna. Grounded in the Distant reading paradigm (i.e. using digital humanities in analyzing large collection of literary texts) the paper, From close and to distant reading of Romanian novels from 1850 to 1920 provides a historical classification of texts in order to be included in a multilingual European Literary text Collection (ELTeC), permitting to test methods and compare results across national traditions and consider the consequences of such resources and methods for rethinking fundamental concepts in literary history. The paper is following main ideas in relation with the consequences of an absent research field in Romanian academic studies, digital humanities: Close and distant reading in digital humanities: Romanian literature case from 1850 to 1920; Romanian literary history and ways of transnational knowledge through Distant Reading of literary facts: 100 Romanian novels from 1850 to 1920; Transnational redefinition of periods in national history through a literary species: the novel; The problem of "translation / export" of national literary histories.

Globalisierung und Identität. Philosophische Auseinandersetzung mit literarischen Texten über Rumänien

Author(s): Cornelia Eșianu / Language(s): German / Issue: 20/2020

Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, anhand literarischer Texte über Rumänien das nicht leicht zu durchschauende Wechselspiel von Globalisierung und Identität allgemein und skizzenhaft darzustellen und zu veranschaulichen. Mit auffallender Häufigkeit spricht man von der Identität der Frau. Rumänische Frauen, so betitelt Dana Grigorcea, die in der Schweiz lebende rumänische und auf Deutsch schreibende Autorin, ihren Text , in dem sie sich der literarischen Beschreibung des Profils von drei unterschiedlichen Frauen widmet und die Freiheit zu deuten sucht, die sie nach 1989 erfahren haben. Bezug wird primär auf die von Michaela Nowotnick und Florian Kührer-Wielach 2018 in Berlin herausgegebene Anthologie Wohnblockblues mit Hirtenflöte. Rumänien neu erzählen genommen.