1926–1940

Author(s): Historical Future Editors / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 02/2016

The journal Korunk (“Our Age”) celebrates the 90th anniversary of its founding in February this year. One of the oldest Hungarian-language social-scientific/cultural/literary journals of the Carpathian Basin still published today has played an essential role not only within Transylvanian Hungarian literary, scientific and cultural life, but also in the integration of European values into Transylvanian culture. Its founder and editor until 1931 was Dienes László, who, from January 1929, co-edits the journal with Gábor Gaál. The Korunk establishes a new type of journal, aimed at encompassing the whole of modernly differentiated spiritual life, hitherto lacking from Romanian Hungarian culture, which, as “a journal of four countries”, enlists its authors from more countries for almost every issue, even in the issues of the first series, from February 1926 to August 1940. The second series of the Korunk commences in February 1957, under editor-in-chief Ernõ Gáll and managing editor Edgár Balogh. The thematic centre of the journal is defined as the modernisation of its profile and themes and as the rendering of national and ethnic characteristics “between universal coordinates”. However, the ever-increasing censorship sees to it that the initiatives of this second start soon turn grey, and that the journal limits itself to the preservation of forms and to the mere presentation of worldwide cultural life, tolerated by the censors. The second part of the 1960s, with the easing up of the political climate, brings about a new change. This is the beginning of the truly “good period” of the Korunk, due to experimenting with new forms, new editorial conceptions, and, not least, to the exploitation of the possibilities inherent in thematic editing. By this time, the journal has become not only a much needed forum for Transylvanian Hungarian intellectuals, but also an institution of consciousness formation and ethnic self-cognizance. Again, after 1984, the year when the repressive characteristics of the political regime start to become increasingly dominant, the possibilities are narrowed down once more. In fact, from now on, the life of the journal limits itself to isolated editorial work. The third series, launched in January 1990, will have Lajos Kántor as editor-in-chief, followed by Imre József Balázs, and then by Gyöngy Kovács Kiss. In its present form, Korunk remains a forum for intellectuals and a mediator of scientific results. On the one hand, it is a blend of Transylvanism and Europeanism – due to the discussion of global and local themes –, on the other hand, it also fulfils the function of a bridge between the segments of Transylvanian and universal Hungarian spiritual life. The fragmentary corpus of this issue presents the virtual, longitudinal, or rather latitudinal, section of a textual archive, its horizontal and vertical approach. And, in this reading, it is also an attempt at a self-reflection of the Korunk at its jubilee.

1957-1989

Author(s): Historical Future Editors / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 02/2016

The journal Korunk (“Our Age”) celebrates the 90th anniversary of its founding in February this year. One of the oldest Hungarian-language social-scientific/cultural/literary journals of the Carpathian Basin still published today has played an essential role not only within Transylvanian Hungarian literary, scientific and cultural life, but also in the integration of European values into Transylvanian culture. Its founder and editor until 1931 was Dienes László, who, from January 1929, co-edits the journal with Gábor Gaál. The Korunk establishes a new type of journal, aimed at encompassing the whole of modernly differentiated spiritual life, hitherto lacking from Romanian Hungarian culture, which, as “a journal of four countries”, enlists its authors from more countries for almost every issue, even in the issues of the first series, from February 1926 to August 1940. The second series of the Korunk commences in February 1957, under editor-in-chief Ernõ Gáll and managing editor Edgár Balogh. The thematic centre of the journal is defined as the modernisation of its profile and themes and as the rendering of national and ethnic characteristics “between universal coordinates”. However, the ever-increasing censorship sees to it that the initiatives of this second start soon turn grey, and that the journal limits itself to the preservation of forms and to the mere presentation of worldwide cultural life, tolerated by the censors. The second part of the 1960s, with the easing up of the political climate, brings about a new change. This is the beginning of the truly “good period” of the Korunk, due to experimenting with new forms, new editorial conceptions, and, not least, to the exploitation of the possibilities inherent in thematic editing. By this time, the journal has become not only a much needed forum for Transylvanian Hungarian intellectuals, but also an institution of consciousness formation and ethnic self-cognizance. Again, after 1984, the year when the repressive characteristics of the political regime start to become increasingly dominant, the possibilities are narrowed down once more. In fact, from now on, the life of the journal limits itself to isolated editorial work. The third series, launched in January 1990, will have Lajos Kántor as editor-in-chief, followed by Imre József Balázs, and then by Gyöngy Kovács Kiss. In its present form, Korunk remains a forum for intellectuals and a mediator of scientific results. On the one hand, it is a blend of Transylvanism and Europeanism – due to the discussion of global and local themes –, on the other hand, it also fulfils the function of a bridge between the segments of Transylvanian and universal Hungarian spiritual life. The fragmentary corpus of this issue presents the virtual, longitudinal, or rather latitudinal, section of a textual archive, its horizontal and vertical approach. And, in this reading, it is also an attempt at a self-reflection of the Korunk at its jubilee.

1990–2015

Author(s): Historical Future Editors / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 02/2016

The journal Korunk (“Our Age”) celebrates the 90th anniversary of its founding in February this year. One of the oldest Hungarian-language social-scientific/cultural/literary journals of the Carpathian Basin still published today has played an essential role not only within Transylvanian Hungarian literary, scientific and cultural life, but also in the integration of European values into Transylvanian culture. Its founder and editor until 1931 was Dienes László, who, from January 1929, co-edits the journal with Gábor Gaál. The Korunk establishes a new type of journal, aimed at encompassing the whole of modernly differentiated spiritual life, hitherto lacking from Romanian Hungarian culture, which, as “a journal of four countries”, enlists its authors from more countries for almost every issue, even in the issues of the first series, from February 1926 to August 1940. The second series of the Korunk commences in February 1957, under editor-in-chief Ernõ Gáll and managing editor Edgár Balogh. The thematic centre of the journal is defined as the modernisation of its profile and themes and as the rendering of national and ethnic characteristics “between universal coordinates”. However, the ever-increasing censorship sees to it that the initiatives of this second start soon turn grey, and that the journal limits itself to the preservation of forms and to the mere presentation of worldwide cultural life, tolerated by the censors. The second part of the 1960s, with the easing up of the political climate, brings about a new change. This is the beginning of the truly “good period” of the Korunk, due to experimenting with new forms, new editorial conceptions, and, not least, to the exploitation of the possibilities inherent in thematic editing. By this time, the journal has become not only a much needed forum for Transylvanian Hungarian intellectuals, but also an institution of consciousness formation and ethnic self-cognizance. Again, after 1984, the year when the repressive characteristics of the political regime start to become increasingly dominant, the possibilities are narrowed down once more. In fact, from now on, the life of the journal limits itself to isolated editorial work. The third series, launched in January 1990, will have Lajos Kántor as editor-in-chief, followed by Imre József Balázs, and then by Gyöngy Kovács Kiss. In its present form, Korunk remains a forum for intellectuals and a mediator of scientific results. On the one hand, it is a blend of Transylvanism and Europeanism – due to the discussion of global and local themes –, on the other hand, it also fulfils the function of a bridge between the segments of Transylvanian and universal Hungarian spiritual life. The fragmentary corpus of this issue presents the virtual, longitudinal, or rather latitudinal, section of a textual archive, its horizontal and vertical approach. And, in this reading, it is also an attempt at a self-reflection of the Korunk at its jubilee.

Aneksja kolektywu czy dyktat wybiórcy? Z zagadnień antologii tłumaczeń (na przykładzie nowych wyborów poezji rosyjskiej)

Author(s): Ewa Goczal / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 157/2017

The article attempts to present the comparison of two translator’s achievements: Zbigniew Dmitroca’s Radio Swoboda and Jerzy Czech’s Wdrapałem się na piedestał. The anthologist’s work is considered here as both the act of translation and revelation — joining the translation of literary texts and their compilation in anthologies with scrutinizing the particular writers and literary phenomena as well as the process of translation itself, and introducing a new, transforming quality to the native poetry. A translator-anthologist can be perceived in that perspective as a link between two literary cultures, and also as an initiator of changes and an independent creator who develops, in his own language and on his own conditions, a certain new Polish canon of Russian poetry

Etnologia europeană în jurul anului 1800. Culegeri cu ajutorul corespondenților și al chestionarelor

Author(s): Ion Talos / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 30/2016

Um 1800 richteten Regierungen und wissenschaftliche Gesellschaften ihren Blick auf die Volkskultur (Bräuche, Aberglauben, Lieder, Sagen, Märchen usw.). Es entstand eine neue Wissenschaft - die Ethnologie -, für deren Entwicklung die Korrespondenten viel beigetragen haben, denn sie konnten auf Grund der vom Zentrum verschickten Fragebögen, die notwendigen Informationen aufnehmen und sie den Wissenschaftlern zur Verfügung stellen. Die Anfänge der europäischen Ethnologie stehen also unter dem Zeichen des Sammelns mit Hilfe von Korrespondenten. Vorläufer dieser Methode waren die in die Neue Welt gesandten spanischen Priester (z. B. Bernardino de Sahagún im 16. Jh.), die Informationen aller Art über die eroberten Völker sammeln sollten, und der schwedische König Gustavus Adolphus, der 1630 Antiquaren und Historiker damit beauftragte, Märchen und Sagen sowie Kenntnisse der Volksmedizin und der Wetterkunde der einfachen Menschen aufzunehmen. Auf ähnlicher Weise verfuhren 1798 Napoleon und 1805-1810 Erzherzog Johann von Österreich, die „zum Zwecke einer besseren Regierungstätigkeit”, ein Inventar aller Feld-, Industrie- und Kunstarbeiten, und nicht zuletzt der Bräuche, Aberglauben sowie der Ruinen alter Monumente haben wollten. Société des Observateurs de l’Homme (1799-1804), Académie Celtique (1805) sowie das Grimmsche Projekt Aufsammlung der Volkspoesie (1808, 1810) stellten Fragebögen zusammen, die die Verbesserung der Forschung von Exploratoren im Übersee, bzw. das Kennenlernen der Vergangenheit der Kelten und Deutschen durch die Gegenwart bezweckten.

HOMERSKE HIMNE

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 450/2008

Osim Ilijade i Odiseje, pod Homerovim imenom sačuvan je i zbornik Himni. Najstarije, nama u celini poznate, grčke himne pisane su u heksametrima. Obeležene su, zajedno sa mnogo mlađim pesmama, kao: ΄Ομηρικοι υμνοι – homerske himne i sačuvane su u zborniku koji je, verovatno, nastao tek u doba helenizma.

Karczmy i zajazdy. Literackie opisy przestrzeni wielokulturowej

Author(s): Andrzej Fabianowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2010

In dem Artikel wird eines der wichtigsten Elemente des (reise)literarischen Nachlasses im XIX. Jahrhundert, nämlich das Wirtshaus, dargestellt. Charakteristisch für die damalige kulturelle Wirklichkeit war die Tatsache, dass diese Gasthäuser von den Vertretern der jüdischen Gemeinde geführt wurden. Diese Situation war ein Ergebnis der im XIX Jahrhundert herrschenden Gesetzgebung, die die Ausübung von anderen Berufen als den des Gastwirtes für Juden verbot. Gasthäuser wurden im multikulturellem Polen und später nach dem Verlust der Unabhängigkeit eine Schnittstelle von Interessen folgender drei ökonomischer Instanzen: der polnischen Gutsbesitzer, der jüdischen Pächter und polnischer Bauern. Bei einer Gelegenheit der ökonomischen Verhältnisse kam es auch zu einem spezifischen kulturellen Austausch. Für den polnischen Bauer war ein Wirtshaus nicht nur eine Anlaufstelle, an der er sich nach aktuellen Informationen erkundigen konnte, sondern auch ein Forum, in dem Wissen über die weite Welt ausgetauscht wurde. Die Bilder der ländlichen, von Juden geführten Wirtshäuser, wurde ein Thema vieler Werke der polnischen Literatur. Folgende Autoren sind zu erwähnen: F. Kowalski, S. K. Potocki, W. Wiącek, E. A. Odyniec, J. I. Kraszewski. Das ländliche Wirtshaus in einer typischen Beschreibung ist meistens ein Ort, an dem die Juden die polnischen Bauern ans Trinken gewöhnen und mit Krediten oder anderen Verpflichtungen abhängig machen. In einem kleineren Ausmaß wird auch eine gute Seite des Charakters und nationaler Eigenschaften der Juden gezeigt. Es wird aber darüber geschwiegen, dass die Juden zur Ausübung von Funktion des Pächters von dem damaligen Recht und polnischen Gutsbesitzern gezwungen wurden.

La Judit Guillaume’a du Bartasa (1574) oraz jej parafraza autorstwa Rafała Leszczyńskiego (po 1620): kształt gatunkowy i konteksty ideologiczne

Author(s): Barbara Marczuk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2 (35)/2015

The objective of the article is a comparative analysis of the biblical epic La Judit (1574) by Calvinistic poet Guillaume Salluste Du Bartas and the Polish paraphrase written by Rafał Leszczyński (1620), who was the leader of Polish Protestants in Greater Poland. The current state of research on both poems is very modest: the works were discussed exclusively in introductions to the critical editions cited above. In the present article, the two versions have been compared on three aspects: epic poetics, confessional tinge and references to regicide, which was a contemporary issue in both countries in those times. The French poem is composed of six books and comprises 2,837 lines of 12 syllables each, rhyming AABB. The biblical narration was enriched with numerous allusions to contemporary events as well as digressions on both moral and political issues. It is written in a high style enriched with Homeric comparisons, characters’ speeches, descriptions and erudite catalogues. Leszczyński’s adaptation is shorter than the French original: it is composed of five books comprising 1,640 lines of 13 syllables each, rhyming AABB. This reduction owes to the removal of the digressions and contemporary allusions, without touching the qualities of the epic style.

Puraniveshtiskw rromisimi

Author(s): Yordan Yovkov / Language(s): Romany / Publication Year: 2017

This is the first translation into Romany of Jordan Yovkov's "Stara Planina Legends".

Арии. Веди. Санкхя и Йога

Сборник студии и статии

Author(s): T. Y. Elizarenkova,V. Toporov,Boris L. Smirnov,A. Ashirbadi Lal,M. A. Mamta Shukla,Vladimir Kalyanov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Romany / Publication Year: 2016

Collection of papers and articles on ancient Indian literature and culture

Вклад в будущее палеославистики

Свети Климент Охридски. Слова и служби. София, 2008. 592 с.

Author(s): Emilia Gergova,William Veder / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2014

Говори се за нещо

Опити върху повестта „Чичовци“

Author(s): Stiliyan Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2017

The paper focuses on the novel “Uncles” in the context of Vazov‘s poetry and prose of the 80s of the nineteenth century. Emphasis is placed on speaking in the story. It argues that through the words the characters say their claims of self-importance. They can talk about everything, because their words did not originate anything. Another commented thesis is the metamorphosis of uncles, traced in “Uncles” and the novel “Under the Yoke” and Vazov concept of philosophy of history.

НОВА ЛИТЕРАТУРНА АНТОЛОГИЯ

Author(s): Cvetana Staykova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2016

От култа към разума и знанието към робството на страстта и чувствата

(Проект за урок върху романа „Страданията на младия Вертер“ от Й. В. Гьоте)

Author(s): Vladimir Ignatov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2017