RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN UNEMPLOYMENT AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY: EVIDENCE FOUND AMONG VISEGRAD COUNTRIES

Author(s): Ondřej Dvouletý,Jan Mareš / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The following study is focused on the relationship between the registered business activity and unemployment rate in Visegrad countries over period of years 1998-2014. The aim of there search was to investigate whether in the periods of higher unemployment rate, individuals engage into entrepreneurial activity, no matter if they are opportunity or necessity driven entrepreneurs. Our data set consists of data collected from national statistical offices, World Bank, Eurostat and other sources. Panel regressions were employed and econometric models with dependent variable registered businesses per economically active inhabitant were estimated. Econometric models estimated with fixed effects and lagged variables confirmed positive relationship between the entrepreneurial activity and unemployment rate. The increase of unemployment rate led to increase of overall entrepreneurial activity. The positive impact on registered business activity was also found for GDP per capita, growth of share of population with tertiary education, growth of business freedom and growth of R&D expenditures. Negative relationship was confirmed for the amount of days required to set up business. Finally, the increase of registered business activity led to decrease of unemployment rate.

Effectsof Public Subsidies on Productivity of Firms in the Czech Food Industry

Author(s): Ondřej Dvouletý,Ivana Blažková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Purpose:The previous studies report ambiguous effects of public subsidies on firm productivity. The aim of the paper was to assess the effects of public subsidies on the productivityof firms that were supported by the Czech Operational Programme Enterprise and Innovation(OPEI) in the EU programming period 2007-2013. Design/methodology/approach:We used the data for 147 supported companies in the Czech food processing industry (72.4% of all beneficiaries within the industry) to calculate four indicators related to the firm productivity, i.e. value added, personnel costs, value added per personnelcosts and production efficiency. We analysed the level and development of selected productivity indicators and then we applied the paired t-test to compare the productivity in the period before the intervention (2005-2007) with the post-programme period (2014-2015). Findings: The obtained results suggest that participation of the Czech food processing companies in the OPEI did not lead to the higher productivity of the supported enterprises, both in terms of labour productivity and production efficiency two years after the end of the intervention. Research/practical implications:The presented findings, therefore, suggest that there is no significant impact of the public support from the OPEI on the productivity of supported enterprises in the Czech food industry. However, it is worth mentioning, that the results must be taken as a preliminarysince we have not accounted for the firm-level characteristics such as firm size. The changes in the productivity indicators might also take more time, and therefore it would be very relevant to investigate the effects also in the long run. Originality/value:The presented study empirically contributes to the knowledge on the relationship between the allocationof the public subsidies and firm productivity from the perspective of the Czech agribusiness sector.

Левски: канонизацията

Author(s): Lyudmil Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The text attempts to reconstruct the beginning of the Bulgarian heroic epic. The author believes that the structure of the author‘s epic was invented by Hristo Botev and was later extended by Ivan Vazov. Vasil Levski‘s figure is met in both poets, but while Vazov writes the live of the Deacon like a saint, Botev carries out his literary canonization according to all ritual procedures and turns it into the Bulgarian Jesus.

Рапсодия vs. ода – „вносните“ модели за литературна иконизация

Author(s): Lyubka Lipcheva-Prandzheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper discusses the models of memory, which the cycle of odes “Epopee of the Forgotten” by the Bulgarian poet Ivan Vazov and the cycle “Rhapsodies of the Bulgarian Gusle-player” by the Slovenian poet Anton Ashkertz offer to the respective national audiences. The analysis bounces off the provocation of the mutual “dislike” of Ashkertz and Vazov so as to project through the textual juxtaposition of the shared by the two poets literary icon of “Vasil Levski” the different functionality of their means of expression

Национализмът на Васил Левски

Author(s): Todor Radev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

e need to segregate the true historic personality of Vasil Levski in his undisputed role and pivotal mission of Bulgarian national hero, from the mythical images created by the idiosyncratic viewpoints in different sociopolitical layers of time. The text duly justifies the need to rediscover the real personality of the Bulgarian Apostle of Freedom. The academic study follows the ideological transition of Vasil Levski from conservative nationalism, towards the liberating revolutionary nationalism of the Bulgarian Revival period. The study takes into consideration the indirect ideological impact of Giuseppe Mazzini over Vasil Levski, and follows up the unique application of the Mazzinist concepts of revolutionary nationalism in the specific Bulgarian conditions.

Възторзи по името (или за две съвременни антологии, посветени на Апостола, и отвъд тях)

Author(s): Gergina Krasteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present paper entitled “Exaltaions about Name: or, Two Contemporary Anthologies Dedicated to the Apostle and Beyond Them” comments the existence/non-existence of interest about the historical figure and life's work of Vasil Levski as a thematic field in Bulgarian poetry in the last few years. The observations, made on the basis of separate works of art, books and virtual sites, are a scientific attempt to outline the profile of current trends. These trends are combining aesthetic and socio-political attitudes towards the figure of the Bulgarian national hero.

Символизации на образа на Васил Левски в самосъзнанието на бесарабските българи

Author(s): Elena Ratseeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article at hand deals with projections of Vasil Levski’s image in the self-consciousness of Bessarabian Bulgarians. The resettlement to Bessarabia took place long before the formation of Bulgarian semiological system and significantly prior to the appearance of the Vasil Levski culturologem as its substantial construct. Even though historically the diaspora has come a long way full of assimilation threats with public education in Bulgarian only becoming possible by the end of 1980’s, and the cultural processes together with the interethnic environment being very different from those in the metropolis, still the ethnocultural coordinate system of the young generation of Bessarabian Bulgarians (revealed by means of a directed associative experiment) holds the image of Vasil Levski as a key culturologem for the Bulgarian segment of personosphere of the 10th generation of Bulgarian immigrants in Bessarabia.

Съдържание

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Public relations versus marketing - casus zarządzania relacjami z klientami

Author(s): Bartosz Deszczyński / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Rozdział zawiera porównanie marketingu klasycznego, public relations oraz marketingu relacji pod względem realizowanych celów i stosowanych narzędzi. Wskazuje na synergiczne powiązania marketingu relacji oraz public relations w szczególności z zakresie budowania emocjonalnego zaangażowania klientów z wykorzystaniem mediów społecznościowych. Zależności te zilustrowano szeregiem przykładów działań marketingowych mających na celu zarówno budowanie rozgłosu, jak i nawiązywanie dialogu z odbiorcami. Zdefiniowano korzyści płynące z zastosowania narzędzi komunikacji poprzez media społecznościowe w kontekście zarządzania relacjami z klientami (CRM) w postaci: możliwości prowadzenia dialogu z szerokimi grupami klientów, wzbogacania każdej relacji 1:1, możliwości prowadzenia indywidualnych relacji z klientami trudno „namierzalnymi”, a także integracji z procesem handlowym.

Energia i klimat – współczesne trendy i wyzwania bezpieczeństwa energetycznego

Author(s): Kamila Pronińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article offers an analysis of the most important energy market trends from theperspective of their importance for energy security and climate change. The energyand climate systems are two areas of human activity strongly influencing each other.On the one hand, the way energy is produced and consumed influences the globalclimate system, on the other hand, climate policy impacts energy security. The articletherefore focuses on the directions and dynamics of changes taking place in theenergy sector and which are of particular importance for global reductions of CO2emissions. It gives an insight into the policies of the world’s largest consumers offossil fuels and into the extent to which their activities favour energy transformation.This analysis critically assesses the feasibility of achieving the global climate policytargets set in 2015 in Paris. Especially importantly for the Strategic Yearbook, the2018 events and current trends serve as points of reference: the article outlines theconditions and results of climate negotiations of COP24 held in Poland and thenewest IPCC report on Global Warming of 1.5°C. An analysis of demand-supplytrends, recent trends in the area of CO2 emissions as well as current events leads toconclusions concerning some long-term challenges for energy and climate security.

Foreign market entry and growth in emerging markets: The case of Guinness in Nigeria

Author(s): Barbara Jankowska,Małgorzata Bartosik‑Purgat,Peter Victor / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

1. Conceptual remarks. 1.1. Internationalisation—what is it? 1.2. External determinants of firm’s internationalization (social / cultural environment, legal environment, economic environment, political environment, technological environment). 1.3. Modes of foreign market entry. 1.4. The Uppsala model of internationalization. 2. The Guinness brand: Historical evolution and entry strategy into Nigeria. 3. Guinness Nigeria: Market share, portfolio and brand values. 4. Guinness Nigeria: Survival in Nigeria based on the chosen mode of entry and business sustainability strategy. 4.1. Foreign market entry mode and business survival of Guinness Nigeria. 4.2. Guinness Nigeria business sustainability strategy: A critical element for survival within the Nigerian business environment (product innovation and diversification strategy, leadership in alcohol in society, building striving communities, reducing our environmental impact). 4.3. Challenges to Guinness Nigeria’s continued survival in Nigeria.

Telling The Troubles We‘Ve Seen: Effects & Methods Of Intercultural Multilingual Writing In “Migration Society”

Author(s): Sarah Rehm / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Telling, talking about and writing on experiences of migration, war and flight, means in processto create a space of protection. Also in an inner sense, influencing emotions and feeling of life, or fromthe perspective from outside, watching, what is happening to others: with empathy, migration isunderstood as life changing happening. It is internal sense an from the perspective from outside withempathy a changing event and, communicated with one another, harbors the chance of belonging,placeless and free. When the telling of the others begins, we change and with our imagination reality ischanging.

Динамичните промени в световно стопанство – мястото на България и пътят напред

Author(s): Eduard Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper aims at summarizing the main trends and based on that to draw recommendations on the opportunities for the future development of Bulgarian international trade. It fi rstly discusses some of the main transformations and trends in the current global system of international economic relations which affect Bulgarian international trade. Then it summarizes the general trends in the dynamics of the country’s trade fl ows, assesses the economy’s openness and dependence on international trade and discusses the changes in the commodity structure of trade. To conclude the analysis an index of the terms of trade is calculated and Bulgaria’s results are compared to the results for EU-28. The paper ends with a summary of the main conclusions and recommendations.

Подобрява ли се конкурентоспособността на българската икономика?

Author(s): Elena Spasova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of this report is to analyze and assess the post-crisis trends in Bulgaria’s foreign trade and to outline their impact on its improving competitiveness. The aim is achieved by analysis on the current account of the country resulting in the outline of the structural changes and the positive trends in the foreign trade, both in product and in geographic terms. Improving Bulgarian competitiveness is also confi rmed by the analysis of the country‘s positions in the World Economic Forum‘s Global Competitiveness Report. Based on it, the main competitive advantages and disadvantages of the Bulgarian economy are examined.

Условията на труд – фактор за задържане и привличане на висококвалифициран човешки капитал

Author(s): Mariana Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the dynamically changing modern world, work and employment call for a new approach on the behalf of the employers and society, as well as for rethinking of the meaning we put into the concept of job quality and job wellbeing. Competition for highly qualifi ed professionals on an European and on a global scale transforms working conditions into one of the key aspects that make an position attractive. It is also one of the key factors for developing and retaining talented professionals. The paper contains an analysis of data and guidelines for the development of the concept of working conditions in the Republic of Bulgaria as a model for improving workplaces and making them desired by Bulgarian citizens, by the Bulgarians emigrants abroad and by the foreigners seeking employment in the Bulgarian economy.

Новата дигитална грамотност и човешкият капитал – парадигма зауспешна адаптация и конкурнтоспособност в условията на четвъртата индустриална революция

Author(s): Mariya Aleksandrova Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Basic features of the digital age and their impact on human capital are presented. The paradigms of the contemporary business environment and the opposite perspectives on the future are summarized: fear – abundance. The analysis of the different opinions of the authors surveyed on digital literacy leads to the identifi cation of 5 key complementary perspectives. A model is presented by which organizations can evaluate their overall digital literacy status.

Индивидуални ценности инагласи за развитие

Author(s): Alexander Pojarliev,Nikola Yordanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Typically, dreams refl ect the achievement of a better and desirable state that can be considered as a form of development. One possible typology of different views of a desirable state is through the prism of values as criteria for choice and motivating factors of behavior. The present study aims to reveal the specifi cs of the value orientations of Bulgarian respondents with the help of Schwarz’s internationally approved structural model of the basic values .The research seeks to address the question of how individual values relate to perceiving the importance of personal development and resources as time and money that people are willing to devote to it. The study covers 417 respondents and its methodology is based on a survey that includes the Schwarz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ).

Политическата култура и предприемаческата активност като предпоставки за позитивно развитие в България

Author(s): Daniela Pastarmadzhieva,Mina Angelova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Thirty years ago, Bulgaria made a shift towards democratic development, but the social environment has the potential to strengthen or undermine the selected direction. The aim of the current work is to identify the state of Bulgarian political culture and entrepreneurial activity and make a forecast about their future development. The object of the study is Bulgaria since 1989. The focus are a selection of indicators, regarding the political culture and entrepreneurial activity. In order to achieve our goal we make review of the studies, regarding the topic and use quantitative data in order to evaluate the political culture and entrepreneurial activity. Among the sources are European values study, World values survey, Eurostat and Global Entrepreneurship Index.

Устойчиво развитие на националната икономика – приоритети, параметри и управленски инструменти

Author(s): Kiril Radev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The report outlines the current characteristics and priorities of the management of sustainable development. Presented is an administrative regulatory framework for sustainable development. Defined are arguments on actual results of the implementation of the objectives of sustainable development in EU. An analysis of the priorities, policies and goals of the sustainable development of the Republic of Bulgaria has been made. Emphasis is placed on global insecurity, digitalisation and cybersecurity

Пратктико-приложни аспекти на интегрираното управление на жизнения цикъл (ILCM) по примера на компания ALSTOM

Author(s): George Drensky / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The author conducted an internal investigation in order to determine the level of maturity in regards to ILCM within the company. In parallel, an external investigation on selected companies’ best practices research was also initiated by the author in the area of ILCM. Various organizations in the power plant / energy industry and similar industries segments having product or business profi les similar to ALSTOM Thermal Power were researched and documented, including internet, own public information and selected company interviews. All of this work was complemented by an additional investigation of academia, scientifi c conferences and management literatures.