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Modele de competenţe ale personalului din instituţiile infodocumentare

Author(s): Lilia Povestca / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Depending on the success of humanity, in the use of the technologies of theinformation and communication era, the roles of the infodocumentary specialist areessentially changing and the spectrum of mandatory skills is expanding. These representthe knowledge of information sources, the provision of quality services, the knowledge ofinformation and communication technologies, the multi-aspect study of the user. Basedon the proposed methodology, the author identifies a set of professional skills, necessary forspecialized library staff, to successfully provide library products and services. Emphasis isplaced on continuing education opportunities in skill development. It highlights the momentof obtaining new skills to face challenges and create a positive image in society

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ANALYSIS AND ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ROOT CAUSES OF INCIDENTS WHEN WORKING WITH CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Author(s): Radostin Dolchinkov,Radoslav Simionov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper investigates the analysis and determination of the root causes of incidents occurring when dealing with critical infrastructure. Through detailed examination of cause-and-effect factors, including human errors and organizational issues, the paper emphasizes the importance of fully understanding and addressing these causes. Utilizing tools such as the Root Cause Tree®, the paper demonstrates how these incidents can be analyzed down to their most basic causes. For instance, the analysis identified four root causes for a high temperature problem in one incident: the need for improvements in vigilance monitoring, shift planning, choice of a tired worker, and implementation of a "no-sleeping at workplace" policy. The results from this analysis underline the significance of human factors management, specifically in terms of training, procedures, and engineering solutions when dealing with critical infrastructure.

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MODERN METHODS OF DESIGNING AND BUILDING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Author(s): Radoslav Simionov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The current global landscape has accentuated the need for a shift in the design and construction of critical infrastructure. Changes in the environment, advancements in technology, and evolving societal needs demand a novel approach. This paper explores modern methods of designing and building critical infrastructure, from innovative design philosophies to cutting-edge construction technologies.

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SAFETY IN HIGH-VOLTAGE MARINE SYSTEMS: CHALLENGES, SOLUTIONS AND MODERNISATION

Author(s): Radostin Dolchinkov,Kamen Seymenliyski,Kolyo Oreshkov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The report examines the safety of high-voltage ship systems, focusing on the associated challenges, possible solutions, and modernization. High-voltage systems on ships are crucial for their operation but also pose potential hazards to the crew and equipment. The report analyzes key safety challenges such as high voltage, shocks and electrical hazards, fires, and other emergency situations. It also discusses existing safety standards and recommendations, as well as modernization measures that can be implemented to enhance the safety of high-voltage ship systems. The report is useful for engineers, designers, and maintainers of ship systems who aim to improve the safety of their installations.

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La sociologie rurale française : de la spécialisation à une « sociologie transversale »

Author(s): Josette Debroux / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

After the Second World War, in the context of expansion of social sciences and along with a construction of a ‘social demand’, French rural sociology emerged as a specialization based on an opposition between the urban and the rural, and a presupposition that the latter is highly specific and distinct. The theory of peasant societies has accompanied a transformation of the peasantry and a redefinition of its place in the French society. This theory does not make it possible to understand the changes that have taken place since the year 1975, in particular an increased mobility between urban and rural areas, a decline of the farming population which has evidently become a minority in most rural areas, and transformations in agriculture. Disappearance of rural sociology at the institutional level, which took place at the end of the 1970s, did not mean the end of research on the rural world. While some projects followed in the wake of rural sociology of the 1960s and 1970s, others were conducted by a new generation of sociologists who had not been trained in 'rural sociology', with its presuppositions and specific concepts. Their approach to rural areas fit in the fields of sociology in which they work (political sociology, economic sociology, sociology of gender, sociology of socialization...), although this does not rule out the view that 'rural areas', despite their diversity, maintain certain specific features.

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Changements de la structure sociale de la Pologne rurale entre 1991 et 2015

Author(s): Maria Halamska / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The article presents changes in the socio-occupational structure of rural Poland over the period of 25 years (1990‒2015), which includes the post-communist transformation and the first decade of its membership in the European Union. During this period, major changes took place in the rural social structure, predominantly as a result of the following three processes: 1. depeasantization / desagrarianization, due to which the share of farmers decreased from 46% to 26%, which means they lost their dominant position in the social structure of Polish villages, 2. proletarianization, as a result to which the share of laborers increased from 33% to 45%, which means that they became the dominant socio-occupational group in rural areas, 3. bourgeoization, i.e. an increase in the share of representatives of occupational groups representing the middle class from 15% to 28%, due to which it became a significant social actor in rural areas. Those processes occurred with divergent dynamics; what is noteworthy here is the pace of bourgeoization/gentrification and depeasantization/desagrarianization. The pace of change was faster during the post-communist transformation. It was territorially diversified which resulted in creation of various local types of social structure. Changes in the social structure in this period took place in line with the universal pattern of developed Western countries, and their specificity lies in simultaneous rather than successive occurrence of these processes. The empirical base is data from representative sociological studies (grouping of occupations according to ISCO-08 classification): Polish General Social Survey for 1992 and Social Diagnosis for 2003 and 2015.

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Le « choix » d’une localisation résidentielle en zone périurbaine : une analyse par les trajectoires sociales

Author(s): Josette Debroux / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

In the 1970s, peri-urban areas became the preferred location of the ‘new middle classes’. Those were the new professions, particularly in the fields of health and education, which appeared with the development of the welfare state. In peri-urban areas they could put into practice a ‘cultural model’ based on the living environment, sociability and involvement in local life. In the 1990s, in a transformed economic context, the image of the burgeoning 'middle classes' gave way to that of the downgraded, 'inward-looking' and 'weakened' 'middle classes'. The residential environment appears to constitute a point of stability to offset work uncertainty. Biographical interviews conducted with about forty individuals employed in two peri-urban communes in the Grenoble region which they do not originally come from, show that as a result of their life trajectory they share an ambivalent relationship with the group they belong to, despite diversity of their social positions. Broadly speaking, moving to a peri-urban area can consolidate a 'fragile' social position following upward social mobility that makes a new position uncertain or compensate for an unsatisfactory professional identity in case of a downgrade or interrupted upward mobility.

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Les stratégies de la vie quotidienne des agriculteurs polonais

Author(s): Zbigniew Drąg / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The article raises the issue of the quality of life of Polish farmers in the context of ongoing globalization processes. Globalization brings with it new phenomena and processes that reorganize human lives and may be perceived as threats and challenges. Does the increased sense of threats and challenges of globalization worsen the quality of one’s live, defined in subjective terms as mental well-being? The author analyzes the above issue, referring to the results of a study conducted in 2017 on a representative sample of 3,551 family farmers. Mental well-being is analyzed with reference to general life satisfaction, sense of optimism, social support, and internal harmony; in turn, the threats and challenges of globalization are studied in the context of one’s work, finances, cultural life and other spheres. It turns out that an increase of threats and challenges as perceived by farmers was accompanied by enhanced mental well-being. The decisive factors here were the strategies adopted by farmers to control globalization changes: active v passive (avoidance). Assuming that knowledge about globalization threats and challenges is an important way to control them, adaptive activism (related to the disposition of actively obtaining information about new situations) was adopted as an indicator of an active strategy. In turn, recognition of emotional religiosity as an indicator of an avoidance strategy resulted from an assumption that the consequence of the inability to control changes based on a rational factor may be turning to a transcendent factor as providing hope for protection against something new and incomprehensible. Both types of responses could be used by farmers simultaneously, depending on the situation. Thanks to this, their psychological well-being has not decreased in the conditions of globalization changes.

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Le village et la culture folklorique en Pologne centrale (étude empirique)

Author(s): Anna Matuchniak-Mystkowska / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The text is dedicated to folk culture in the regions of Sieradz and Piotrków Trybunalski, located in central Poland. It presents an empirical research study on lifestyles, customs, art and their intergenerational transmission in multigenerational families through the cultural system I – the familial one and II – local institutions (ethnographic museums, schools).

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La participation citoyenne dans les zones rurales de Pologne et de France

Author(s): Paweł Starosta / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Civic participation, otherwise called civic engagement (Pattie et al., 2003), is a subcategory of a broader concept of social participation (Misztal, 1977) and constitutes one of fundamental notions used in social sciences with regard to civil society. The objective of this article is to attempt to answer three main questions: 1. What was the general level of civic participation of the population living in rural areas in Poland and France at the end of the second decade of the 21st century and what was the extent of variations in participation between these two countries in that period? 2. What models of civic participation dominate among populations of rural areas in Poland and France? 3. Which of the following models: the socio-economic status model, the social capital model, or the attachment model is best suited to explaining variations in civic participation of Polish and French rural population? The empirical basis for answering those research questions is the database of the ninth edition of the European Social Survey conducted in 29 European countries in 2018, with 49, 519 participants. Our analysis was restricted to data with reference the population of rural areas in Poland (N = 664) and France (N = 688), with the total being 1352 respondents.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROMANIAN SMEs AND BANKING UNITS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author(s): Răzvan-Ionuţ Drugă / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most difficult periods faced by many Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Romania, but also around the world. Some of them were no longer able to carry out their activity, due to the restrictions imposed. This was supported either by the specifics of the sector of activity or by the financial problems faced by the organizations. In response to the challenges, the authorities carried out social responsibility actions to reduce the negative impact of the pandemic. Certain measures concerned the relationship that SMEs have with banking units. Thus, the paper aims to analyze, through a survey, how the relationship between SMEs in Romania and the banking units with which they collaborate was affected, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the behavioural intentions of the representatives of SMEs regarding the previously mentioned collaboration were analyzed. The conclusions of the paper highlight that the relationships between most SMEs, included in this study, and the banking units with which they collaborate were not affected.

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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR THE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION OF ROMANIAN HIGHER EDUCATION IN A EUROPEAN CONTEXT

Author(s): Diana Vicol / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Higher education plays a key role in achieving the objectives of the European Strategy 2014 - 2020, as it is presented at the level of strategic directions and indicators. The principles considered with regards to the development strategy of higher education have, as a main idea, the increase of long-term economic competitiveness. This is possible through the gradual transition to a knowledge-based economy and a growing demand for highly skilled jobs. In order to accomplish the central objective, there must be a highly qualified workforce of tertiary education graduates who can guarantee in all areas an increase in efficiency processes as well as quality of the resulting products. So as to achieve the focal purpose, the Europe 2020 strategy proposes to improve three support requirements: the funding model, governance and public accountability and the institutionalization of the evidence-based policy-making process.Based on the recommendations, the National Research, Development and Innovation Strategy 2014- 2020 for Romania, as an integral part of the Europe 2020 strategy, sets its general objectives helped by the experience of the previous strategic cycle which showed that the program results depend on building and maintaining a wide partnership for innovation. With innovation as its central theme, a pillar of the RDI Strategy 2014 - 2020, we want the analysis proposed in this document, even if not exhaustive, to capture various relevant aspects regarding the stimulation of research/ innovation in Romania and boost the visibility of our country in a European context. A study on the evolution of the number of PhD students and researchers in the last 10 years, as well as the level of funding, can provide useful information on the phenomenon studied. This type of analysis can help the organization and exploration of higher education decision-makers in choosing the best research development strategy at European level.

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DOES USING CRYPTOCURRENCY AND BLOCKCHAIN POSE NEW RISK TO GLOBAL ORGANIZATIONS REGARD SENOR MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING

Author(s): Levi Guy,Alexandru Țugui / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate and confront whether information security managers are aware of all the dangers of using blockchain technology and cryptocurrency, what methods of thinking and decision-making they use, regulation issues, and whether these models address the cryptocurrency and blockchain technology threats. Design: Based on the systematic review of a total of 60 papers that were selected, our paper will discuss the managers decision making in global companies, regard the old and new methodologies confronting the technological progress, regards the blockchain technology and cryptocurrency. Findings: We found that senior management in global organizations partially aware of the risk that blockchain and cryptocurrency poses to their organizations, and still operate in different and uneven methods supporting decision making regard the blockchain and cryptocurrency technology. Farther and more deeply research need to be performed on management decision making regard the new risks poses from the use of blockchain and cryptocurrency technology. Originality: Unlike many other systematic reviews we have managed to debate the posed risks that exist by using blockchain and cryptocurrency in global companies identifying the gap in knowledge and therefore the Uneven in decision making facing blockchain and cryptocurrency technology

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THE REPUTATIONAL RISK - A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH OF THE BANKING SECTOR IN ROMANIA

Author(s): Răzvan-Ionuţ Drugă / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper presents the reputational risk concept, at the level of the first two banks from Romania, according to the value of their assets, in 2018. In the introduction of the paper will be made an analysis of the specialized literature regarding the reputation concept, the reputational risk concept, respectively. Will be presented the factors that influence the level of the reputational risk, as well as the measures that may diminish it. The research technique used is the content analysis. The results of the research show us that the position of the first two banking institutions can be also determined by the level of the reputational risk.

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ANALIZA PRACTICILOR SECTORULUI PUBLIC ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA PRIN PRISMA PRINCIPIILOR GUVERNANȚEI CORPORATIVE

Author(s): Domnița Grițco,Lenuta Cojocariu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The current international situation strongly influences several processes, including both globalization and regionalism, as an effect of left-wing government. Regarding the public sector in Republic of Moldova, there could be remarked a trend toward the development of digitalization and toward the knowledge-based society, in general. Along whith these trends, the main target of the public authorities is the reformation of the legal framework on corporate governance. On this background, where the corporate governance represents a modern and dynamic objective of legal sciences, we analisyed the actions in matter of the public authorities in the Republic of Moldova and their compliance to the Corporate Governance Code. Our paper reveals an analitycal vision of the the achievements and perspectives of the Republic of Moldova government in implementing the principles of good governance and useful landmarks for the public authorities and other specialists in the field.

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STUDIUL INFLUENȚEI FENOMENULUI SUSTENABILITĂȚII ASUPRA RAPORTĂRII ENTITĂȚILOR ECONOMICE – STUDIUL LITERATURII ȘI ANALIZA COMPARATIVĂ A RAPOARTELOR DE SUSTENABILITATE DIN DOMENIUL BANCAR

Author(s): Mihai-Florentin Herciu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Odată cu creșterea eforturilor pentru o dezvoltare sustenabilă, adică preocuparea pentru conservarea resurselor naturale și a desfășurării de diferite acțiuni cu caracter social, s-a remarcat o schimbare a necesităților de informare ale utilizatorilor de informații contabile, în sensul că aceștia doresc să fie la curent cu toate eforturile depuse de o entitate economică în scopul dezvoltării sustenabile. Pentru a răspunde acestei necesități noi de informare, a apărut conceptul de raportare nefinanciară, respectiv conceptul de raportare integrată. Astfel, pe lângă informațiile financiare clasice, prin intermediul raportării nefinanciare, utilizatorii informațiilor publicate sunt informați asupra activităților efectuate în scopul unei dezvoltări durabile. Problema care apare este aceea că nu există un cadru standardizat pentru raportarea nefinanciară, remarcându-se faptul că informațiile nu sunt comparabile între entități economice diferite și sunt ridicate semne de întrebare asupra calității acestor informații, întrucât fiecare entitate economică adoptă un cadru de raportare diferit sau își dezvoltă ele însele un cadru de raportare. Totodată, se ridică întrebarea dacă activitatea nefinanciară are influență asupra performanței financiare, remarcându-se o influență pozitivă a performanței nefinanciare asupra ratei rentabilității economice. Realizând o analiză comparativă a rapoartelor de sustenabilitate publicate de 8 bănci de pe piața românească, se poate observa lipsa de unitate și de normalizare din domeniul raportării nefinanciare, fiind scoasă în evidență necesitatea unei legislații unitare care să reglementeze întocmirea rapoartelor CSR.

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SINTEZĂ A LITERATURII DE SPECIALITATE ÎN DOMENIUL FRAUDEI ECONOMICE

Author(s): Mădălin-Mihai Moțoc / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to make a brief review of the main bibliographical references that refer to economic fraud, which appeared either as an effect of an inefficient managerial policy, or for obtaining undue benefits through tools such as embezzlement, money laundering or illegal contracts. Design/methodology/approach: This paper uses content analysis to determine, through research or the literature, the scientific references that refers to economic fraud and its effects.The research is based on the review of the literature in the field of fraud by searching for keywords (fraud risk, insolvency, bankrupcty, z-score insolvency risk indicator). The number of articles that are the subject of the study is 268. Findings: Through the content analysis on the main bibliographical landmarks in the subject of fraud, we found the main causes underlying the need of fraud, with reference to both exogenous and endogenous causes. Originality/value added: This research synthesizes in a constructive way but also criticisez the opinions of the most representative researchers and fraud experts, compressing the essence of the aspects related to economic fraud in the entities aimed to obtain profit.

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VOLUNTEERISM PRACTICES - A SUSTAINABILITY FACTOR IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS

Author(s): Magdalena Cămănaru / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Our research proposes to evaluate the role of volunteerism as a practice that contributes to the sustainable development of communities, including in the underdeveloped ones. An overview on studies performed on volunteering practices and programs in other countries (USA, Australia, Kenya, Mozambique, Nepal, and Philippines), along with key findings that apply to the European context was made. The premises of the main discussion theme started from The National Strategy regarding Social Inclusion and Reduction of Poverty (2014 – 2020) of the Romanian Government, which talks about the understaffed social services existent at the rural community level. The research focused on the contribution that volunteers from Community Consultative Councils have in the child protection sector and promotion of children’s rights, as preventive strategies for social services, by analysing program reports from a community development program, over a 10 years period. These structures are described in Law 272/ 2004, as having a consultative role nearby the Local Councils and Mayor’s Offices, a non-juridical status, being non-governmental, and implementing social activities at the local level, based on volunteerism. Relevant literature review and a case study on the work done by a Romanian NGO in relation with Community Consultative Councils have been the major elements of the research methodology used. The findings of our case study were consistent with others: the dialogue and partnership with local authorities and social work public services, specialized training and increased awareness on the benefits of volunteerism are the main variables involved and constitute the basis of a functional identification, reporting and referring mechanism for child protection cases. On a longer term, this contributes to the development of sustainable commu

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DOCTORAL GRADUATES IN THE LABOR MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY

Author(s): Alexandru Anichiti / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The future of jobs is characterized by insecurity. As jobs become more complex, more individuals will not have adequate education and training as required by the labor market. During the last decades, the labor markets around the world have been subject to a perpetual transition from blue-collar jobs to white-collar jobs. This generated the necessity of more educated and better-trained individuals to face the new technological changes. The key component of this new economy, also called the knowledge economy is a dependence on intellectual capabilities than on physical inputs. This article is a literature review on the employment trends and perspectives of doctoral graduates. The aim of this study is the examination of doctoral employment opportunities. The choice of the topic was given by the insufficient systematization of the specialized literature (lack in the Romanian space, but and in the international research of an approach to such a study). The research methodology consists of statistical indicators regarding the situation of doctoral graduates on the labor market and the qualitative analysis of the results. The results of the literature review were that doctoral graduates are more desirable by employers due to the set of skills that they developed, and therefore have a much lower unemployment rate and higher earnings.

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LINK BETWEEN EMPLOYEES EMPOWERMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL LOYALTY: LITERATURE REVIEW

Author(s): Simina-Nicoleta Bohălțeanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

One of the main issues faced by companies is finding out how to win employee loyalty, because a loyal employee tends to have a greater motivation and implicitly a certain psychological well-being. The aim of the study is to analyze the existing link between employees’ empowerment and organizational loyalty, in the light of empirical evidence in the literature. A qualitative, content-based analysis of 23 articles was made, following an inductive approach - grouping the data through an emerging framework, and then looking for the existing relationships between the concepts under consideration. The results indicate that both psychological and structural empowerment have a positive, statistically significant influence on organizational loyalty. The most important aspects of empowerment are meaning, access to information, organizational support. Psychological empowerment is most often associated with affective employee loyalty, but this positive relationship disappears when the organizational context is unfavorable (conflicts occur).

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