Wydrukowanie tekstu — wydrukowanie literatury. O konsekwencjach tekstualizacji przekazów oralnych

Author(s): Agnieszka Karpowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article concerns the impact of language textualization processes on the origin of literary and artistic categories. I argue that the creation of typographic, visual forms of works which previously functioned rather as performances is one of the basic practices of print culture. By analyzing selected Polish works, which are treated as „literary monuments”, I demonstrate the role and significance of these visual transformations.

Tradycja ustna versus pisana. Ustalanie obrzędowości i (re)konstruowanie tradycji w klasztorach żeńskich na przykładzie działalności s. Domiceli Barbary Fox, klaryski starosądeckiej

Author(s): Igor Borkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

In the context of chronicle records, personal documents and monasterial practice, the paper reconstructs the manner of transferring the content of oral tradition connected with historical and ceremonial customs of the monasterial community into written form. The documented process of writing down oral accounts of the foundation of the monastery, its architecture, the purpose of its different rooms as well as their function and its evolution throughout centuries, can be observed in the self-reflection of a Poor Clare nun from Stary Sacz, who is very passionate about history. A similar process applies to the realm of tradition, customs and habits formed in the community, which have been successfully captured in the process of transforming from the oral to the written tradition. Verifying the oral tradition, assessing oral and written accounts, as well as writing down and verifying the content of written records as analysed in this paper relate to archival resources that have not yet been published. They remain at the disposal of the Poor Clares Monastery in Stary Sacz and date back to the mid-19th century.

Residuum oralności a wizja świata w romansie staropolskim — casus „Fortunata”

Author(s): Aleksandra Bobrowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article discusses the issue of the co-existence and correlation of different traditions – orality and literacy – in the 16th century old-Polish romance. The deliberations are based on the case study of Fortunat, which is a translation of a popular German novel. One of the key assumptions made in the article is the fairy-tale character of Fortunat, indicating this work’s connections with primarily oral forms of narration. The study of romance, including among others the analysis of composition, narration and characterization, shows that at the beginning of print culture the marks of oral poetics are interwoven with features of literacy. The ultimate question raised by the article is, however, what are the consequences of shifting from orality to literacy to the vision of the world as depicted in the romance.

Techniki inkorporacji literatury oralnej w literaturze popularnej

Author(s): Bogdan Trocha / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The author in this article presents and discusses the techniques of introducing elements of oral literature by authors of popular literature. The starting point of this article is a discussion of the technique of using a magic fairy in fantasy. Starting from a very wide range of treatments, various motifs are in operation which are derived from magic fairies, before we move on to the analysis of the mechanisms used in stylistic re-narrations of content. We then discuss the techniques used in introducing archaic myths to fantasy literature . Here we present simple re-narration, ornamental operations, and interesting proposals related to mythopoeic literary speculation. Another type of reference to oral literature is the archaic epic, largely used in the context of aesthetic appeal, but there are also re-narrative and speculative novels in which the amount of information needed to understand the story forces the recipient of popular literature to return to the sources. The final mechanism discussed shows the functions of oral literature in science fiction.

Rigels Halili, „Naród i jego pieśni. Rzecz o oralności, piśmienności i epice ludowej wśród Albańczyków i Serbów”, Warszawa 2012 (ss. 506)

Author(s): Jędrzej Soliński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Voice and Letter: The First Made Last?

Author(s): John Zemke / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The author argues that while all narratives, traditional or otherwise, are verbal, their strategies are mental. Oral traditions are neither more nor less than a particular hyponymy of language.

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHALLENGES AT THE LEVEL OF ROMANIA - THE TRANSITION FROM THE PRESENT TO THE FUTURE

Author(s): Alina Georgeta Ailincă / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2025

In addition to stability and sustainability, the development of a country is certainly a priority. To support development, the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of Romania (NRRP) is a fundamental element of supporting the development and modernization of our country. For Romania, the NRRP can bring substantial funds from grants and loans. The total allocated budget of the NRRP is 28.53 billion euros, of which less than 10 billion euros have already been absorbed by Romania to date. In this context, it is also important to see the current state of the main economic and social parameters of Romania and what steps need to be taken in order for our country's development objectives to be achieved.

ASPECTS OF BILATERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN ROMANIA AND SUDAN IN 1972 AND 1973

Author(s): Bogdan Iulian Ranteş / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 40/2025

The present paper aims to analyze the relations between Romania and Sudan between 1972-1973. These years are important because, we can say, that is when the relations between them truly began. At the beginning, a brief history of Sudan until independence and the first echoes of them in the Romanian press in the 19th century will be made. Then, the way in which relations between the two countries developed from the moment Sudan gained independence from 1956 to 1972 will be presented. Next, Ceaușescu's visit to Sudan in 1972 and Nimeiry's visit to Romania in 1973 will be analyzed. We will also present the main objectives of cooperation between the two countries established during the two visits, the most important being the participation of the Romanian state in the construction of the Parliament building in Sudan, which began in 1973 and ended in 1978.

GLOBALIZATION IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Author(s): Nicolae Moroșan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 40/2025

It is widely recognized that globalization is not a new concept; on the contrary, the ancient world was much more interconnected than we often imagine. Throughout history, numerous empires sought territorial expansion and domination on a global scale. D. Lehmann identifies religion as the "original globalizer" in his article "Religion and Globalization". In the past, Sufi orders, Catholic missionaries and Buddhist monks carried the message and practice of the faith across vast regions before these territories became defined nation-states. Today, however, globalization is taking new and more intense forms, affecting religion in unprecedented ways. Regardless of where we are, most of us feel a connection to a global whole, living in universes of inclusion or exclusion, with desires or resentments of the global pace and flux. The article proposes a multilateral approach to globalization, based on the perspectives of contemporary sociologists who offer guidelines for a deeper understanding of this complex phenomenon. These perspectives emphasize the interactions between religion and globalization, highlighting how religious beliefs adapt and transform in this dynamic context where religious values and practices intersect with global influences.

THE SOCIOLOGY OF MUSIC REFLECTED IN THE SUBJECTS OF ACTORS AND LISTENERS

Author(s): Sebastian-Claudiu Ștefani,Vasile R. Todoran,Daniel-Ioan Birla / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 40/2025

This article explores music from a sociological perspective, analyzing the interactions between artists and listeners and their role in shaping the phenomenon of music as social expression. In the first part, the sociological perspective on music examines how music reflects social structures and cultural identities, serving as a mirror of societal relationships and norms. In the second section, the practical perspective of music is discussed, highlighting the role of artists in creation and listeners in influencing music production through feedback and active participation. The third section explores the symbiotic relationship between the psychosociology of music and artistic-musical practice, highlighting how music contributes to social cohesion and the expression of collective identities. Finally, the sociopsychology of music is analyzed as a tool for influencing thought and behavior, showing how music shapes the emotions and social behaviors of individuals. These reflections reveal a complex relationship between music, thought and behavior in social context

THE EFFECTS OF PERSONALITY TRAITS ON MANIPULATIVE BEHAVIORS

Author(s): Laura Hânză / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2025

The paper theoretically addresses the concept of manipulation, the different manipulation techniques used both in everyday life in different fields and especially in banking, by banking staff, depending on their role in the organization, depending on gender, in depending on his abilities.In the research part, the paper aims to identify manipulative behaviors according to the personality traits held by a person and to observe the manipulative behaviors adopted by him. Standardized, high-psychometric instruments such as the Rosenberg questionnaire, the empathic emotional maturity questionnaire, the FFPI inventory, and an own manipulation questionnaire that passed the validation and calibration phase on a sample of 30 people prior to the research were used in the paper.The group of participants consists of 60 people divided into two equal samples, women and men with different positions in different fields of activity. Banking manipulation, as well as manipulation in everyday life, exists everywhere, without being influenced by the field of activity. However, the question arises, in the banking field, in whose interest it is made: manipulation only in the interest of the one who exercises it (negative manipulation), manipulation in the interest of the manipulated person (positive manipulation), or manipulation that aims to satisfy both persons (double manipulation positive). Given the professional environment, ethics, the code of conduct regulated by the bank, both external and internal customers of the bank and internal (colleagues, bosses, subordinates) manipulation can only be a double positive, but there are significant differences depending on gender , the role played in the organization and the skills and personality traits held by the participants.

Ризата и смъртта

Author(s): Zdravko Dechev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2025

A good starting point for considering the connection between the shirt/clothing and the public presence of the human body is the pre-funeral care of the dead in Bulgarian folk culture. As an attribute of ritualized activity, the shirt can be perceived not only as a boundary, but also as a connection between the world of the living and the world of the dead. Research interests lie in how in death a person remains a person precisely through the shirt/clothing. The care put into the shirt/clothing is particularly indicative of the current context. For our people, the shirt becomes symbolic when it gleams white with purity. In this case, “whiteness” and “purity” transcend physical laws and become a moral and spiritual guide to the connection between the shirt and the human body – both living and dead. The peculiar fusion of the shirt with the body and its perception by our people as a “second skin” also stands out. This notion is tied to the violence against the slave body and the removal of its natural protective barrier. And this unimaginable nakedness of the dead slave's body is an example that the slave's body, even in its death, is deprived of any protection.

Към въпроса за инвариантното значение на преизказните глаголни форми в обучението по български език в средното училище

Author(s): Vasil Stamenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2025

The main purpose of the study is to check whether the invariant meaning of the renarrative verb forms is represented in the same way in the contemporary Bulgarian language textbooks, used in secondary schools. The paper thoroughly analyses the lesson materials focused on the subject of renarration in the 7th grade Bulgarian language textbooks. The observations, which have been made, indicate that some author panels assume that the non-evidential uses of the renarrative are its primary meaning. In some cases the renarrative grammar forms are included in the lessons discussing grammatical mood, without any account for the fact that the ranarrative expresses the speaker’s attitude towards the utterance, not towards the action. The study comments on the main causes for the differences in the examined textbooks and more specifically on the diversity of standpoints regarding the semantics and the categorial status of the renarrative verb forms, as well as the observed overlooks in the curriculum, etc. Some suggestions have also been made, which aim to assist the development of equal criteria, which can be used as a foundation for teaching renarraive verbs forms in secondary schools.

Privacy, personal data protection and the digital age – a (criminal) law “omnibus”

Author(s): Jovana M. Banović,Ivana M. Radisavljević / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2025

The Constitution of the Republic of Serbia safeguards the right to privacy through several aspects, as does the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The cornerstone in this area is the Law on Personal Data Protection from 2018. In line with the ultima ratio principle of criminal law, the Criminal Code protects these data when the most severe violations occur, pursuant to the Criminal Procedure Code. However, with the daily expansion of science, technology, and innovative means of communication and recording, this takes on a different, “digital” dimension. Naturally, this trend calls for certain adjustments in regulations, as well as in their interpretation and application. In this paper, the authors aim to highlight key provisions of the aforementioned regulations and their current and future interpretation within the context of digital society, with a particular focus on criminal law aspects. This complexity is further amplified by the development of artificial intelligence, which inherently relies on the use of vast amounts of data. The aim of this paper is to identify some of the critical elements in the protection of privacy rights, particularly those related to personal data most closely linked to individuals, and to raise the question of potential legislative amendments.

Security and privacy within smart cities

Author(s): Nenad R. Putnik,Jana M. Marković / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2025

The global trend of increasing urbanization and expansion of cities in recent decades has caused numerous problems in their functioning. The rapid development of information and communication technologies has emerged as a solution to these problems and led to the emergence of so-called smart cities. A smart city is conceived as a new model of a city that generates and processes enormous amounts of digital data with the aim of optimizing urban infrastructure and improving living conditions. However, the use of new technologies has raised many questions and caused concerns about the way these technologies are used and the possibilities of misuse of collected data. The paper describes the key characteristics of the smart city architecture and analyzes the issues of threats to the security and privacy of citizens opened up by it. The sources and forms of threats to security and privacy in smart cities are numerous, interconnected and require a detailed analysis from a technical-technological, sociological and legal perspective.

Global governance in the age of digital risks: Chinese initiative for artificial intelligence

Author(s): Nenad Z. Stekić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2025

The paper analyzes China’s newly-proposed initiatives in the sphere of artificial intelligence (AI) governance and the development of digital infrastructure, with a focus on the Global AI Governance Initiative and Digital Silk Road Initiative. Through the analysis of political documents, government statements and existing literature, the paper examines manners in which China positions itself as a leader in AI governance, while simultaneously spreading its digital impact at the global level. China’s dual approach – promoting the AI governance framework and construction of digital infrastructure abroad – is claimed to enable China to form international norms and standards related to new technologies. However, this strategy causes concerns in terms of digital authoritarianism, technological dependence and privacy issues. By examining the interaction between Chinese national and international digital policies, this research contributes to understanding AI geopolitical implications and digital technologies.

Artificial intelligence in the politics of great powers: potential consequences to civil control of the military

Author(s): Dušan S. Spasojević / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2025

Today artificial intelligence permeates all the pores of social life, including international relations and security, where the attention of the professional public is primarily drawn in the context of armed conflicts and rivalry of great powers. Scientific research has not sufficiently considered the consequences of its use to civilian-military relations, although it is a key institutional component of defense policy and an important aspect of national security. This study uses the qualitative analysis of available data to monitor the process of the interaction of inherent characteristics of artificial intelligence and great powers politics, and by testing the existing theories, it explores why great powers uncritically place artificial intelligence in the function of security and how it will affect civilian-military relations. Moreover, this paper, in line with the already presented research question, analyzes some of the new security dilemmas, such as: military security of society turned outwards vs. internal values, ideologies and institutions. A brief historical context of the phenomenon and its definition determination prove to be indispensable in this example as well in the academic completion of the paper.

Breaking boundaries: traditional unions in Serbia and the fight for gig worker rights

Author(s): Tatjana B. Jakobi / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2025

This paper highlights the barriers faced by Serbian trade unions in organizing platform workers and adapting to new forms of work. Using qualitative methods, it explores the normative, regulatory, and cultural-cognitive challenges in defining the status of platform workers in the absence of a clear legislative framework regulating platform work. The results empirically support Kathleen Thelen’s thesis on the impact of socio-economic factors and the potential for coalition-building on institutional change. The paper emphasizes the need for legislative reforms to clearly define the status of platform workers and create space for unions to adapt to technology-driven changes in the nature of work.

Communicating Dissatisfaction over International Norms: Unpacking Chinese International Discursive Strategy to Oppose the US in the South China Sea

Author(s): Matthieu Grandpierron,Eric Pomès / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2025

This paper investigates these questions from the perspective of official Chinese discourses related to the South China Sea dispute. Beginning with the key assumption that what matters more to understanding how the Chinese view the international order is not what they say but how they say it, this article uses a mixed-method approach to critical discourse analysis in order to unpack the implicit meanings of official Chinese narratives. The quantitative analysis of these speeches reveals that emotions (humiliation, anger, and feelings of superiority) are important, along with the political use of history to create narratives aiming to legitimize China’s desire to remove the United States from the management of Asia-Pacific issues. The paper will also show that while the Chinese discourse remains the same under all US administrations, the Chinese legal discourse has fluctuated as the dispute has evolved. Such findings provide a better understanding of Chinese political communication on international law and on the present international order.

Always contemporary messages of Archibald Reiss

Author(s): Aleksandar P. Rastović / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2025

Uroš V. Šuvaković, R. A. Reiss: Neutrality is not possible in the face of crime. Novi Sad: Matica srpska, Archives of Vojvodina: Faculty of Education of the University of Belgrade, 2024, 145 pp.