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Raport o stanie edukacji 2010. Społeczeństwo w drodze do wiedzy

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Głównym celem raportu jest wzmocnienie szerokiej publicznej debaty zarówno na temat samej edukacji, jak i jej znaczenia w działaniach rozwojowych. W Raporcie o stanie edukacji 2010 zebrano informacje dotyczące zmian, jakie zaszły w edukacji, w ciągu ostatnich 15 lat, ze szczególnym naciskiem na edukację ogólną. W poszczególnych rozdziałach poruszono kwestie dot. wykształcenia społeczeństwa polskiego, uczestnictwa w edukacji formalnej, finansowania edukacji, demografii, jakości edukacji, nauczaniu matematyki, nauczycielom, spójności społecznej w kontekście edukacji oraz sprawom związanym z powiązaniem edukacji z rynkiem pracy.

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Raport o stanie edukacji 2011. Kontynuacja przemian

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Raport o stanie edukacji 2011 stanowi kontynuację działań podjętych w ramach projektu „Entuzjaści Edukacji” w 2010 r.W raporcie 2011 wskazano najbardziej aktualne informacje dotyczące tendencji zmian w polskiej edukacji (uczestnictwo w edukacji, finansowanie edukacji, jakość i wykształcenie Polaków). Szczególną uwagę poświęcono zagadnieniom szkolnictwa zawodowego oraz szkolnictwa wyższego.

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Raport o stanie edukacji 2013. Liczą się nauczyciele

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Polscy 15-latkowie mają jeden z najwyższych poziomów kompetencji w Europie, na co wskazują wyniki międzynarodowego badania PISA. To w dużym stopniu zasługa nauczycieli i im też w znacznym stopniu poświęcona jest czwarta już edycja raportu o stanie edukacji – „Liczą się nauczyciele”, który opublikował Instytut Badań EdukacyjnychPodobnie jak w poprzednich edycjach raport IBE opisuje kierunki zmian w polskiej edukacji, w tym dotyczące wykształcenia Polaków, ich szans na rynku pracy, ich wyborów edukacyjnych. Stara się też pokazać obraz polskich nauczycieli: dostarcza odpowiedzi m.in. na pytania: co nauczyciele myślą o sobie i swojej pracy?, co inni myślą o nauczycielach?, ile pracują?, jak podnoszą swoje kompetencje? Obszerną cześć raportu stanowią portrety nauczycieli języka polskiego, matematyki, historii, języków obcych oraz nauczycieli przedmiotów przyrodniczych.

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Raport o stanie edukacji 2014. Egzaminy zewnętrzne w polityce i praktyce edukacyjnej

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

W dyskusjach o edukacji coraz częściej mówi się o jakości i coraz ważniejszą rolę odgrywają różne sposoby jej mierzenia. Jeszcze kilkadziesiąt lat temu porównania systemów oświatowych ograniczały się do zestawiania odsetków absolwentów kończących poszczególne etapy edukacji czy wskaźników upowszechnienia edukacji, np. w przedszkolach czy w szkolnictwie wyższym. W nadzorze nad szkołami dominował model tradycyjnej, hierarchicznej kontroli, polegającej na sprawdzaniu, czy przestrzegane są przepisy i inne zewnętrznie zdefiniowane normy. W ostatnich dekadach zwiększyły się oczekiwania stawiane przed edukacją. W większym stopniu zaczęto też postrzegać edukację przez pryzmat poziomu wiedzy i umiejętności absolwentów. W nadzorze nad szkołami zaczęto zwracać uwagę nie tylko na procesy, ale też i efekty, w tym zwłaszcza efekty uczenia się. Międzynarodowe badania osiągnięć edukacyjnych pokazały problem zróżnicowania poziomu umiejętności uczniów, w tym istnienia sporej grupy uczniów, którzy kończą szkoły z zasobem umiejętności nieodpowiadającym wyzwaniom współczesnego społeczeństwa i potrzebom rynku pracy.

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Hidden Economy in Southeast Europe: Building Regional Momentum to Mitigate its Negative Effects

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

According to the authors of the policy brief, not declaring in full or partially economic activities in SEE remains widespread in virtually all areas of government – permissions and licenses, labour contracts, social security, taxes and custom duties. It signals a persistent gap between formal and informal institutions and lack of coherent enforcement of rules. Corruption pressure is higher towards those engaged in the hidden economy. At the same time their susceptibility to corruption is also higher, confirming the institutional incongruence. The immense diversity of the scale (from 19 % in Croatia to 81 % in Kosovo), prevailing patterns (no written contracts in Turkey, non-payment of health care contributions in Kosovo, envelope wages in FYR of Macedonia and Bulgaria, non-formalised business in Albania), formal vs informal wage average (higher formal wages in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania and Turkey and lower in Kosovo and Bulgaria) requires country specific tailor-made policies and sequencing of reforms.

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СКРИЕНАТА ЕКОНОМИЈА ВО ЈУГОИСТОЧНА ЕВРОПА: КРЕИРАЊЕ НА РЕГИОНАЛЕН ИМПУЛС ЗА УБЛАЖУВАЊЕ НА НЕЈЗИНИТЕ НЕГАТИВНИ ЕФЕКТИ

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Macedonian

According to the authors of the policy brief, not declaring in full or partially economic activities in SEE remains widespread in virtually all areas of government – permissions and licenses, labour contracts, social security, taxes and custom duties. It signals a persistent gap between formal and informal institutions and lack of coherent enforcement of rules. Corruption pressure is higher towards those engaged in the hidden economy. At the same time their susceptibility to corruption is also higher, confirming the institutional incongruence. The immense diversity of the scale (from 19 % in Croatia to 81 % in Kosovo), prevailing patterns (no written contracts in Turkey, non-payment of health care contributions in Kosovo, envelope wages in FYR of Macedonia and Bulgaria, non-formalised business in Albania), formal vs informal wage average (higher formal wages in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania and Turkey and lower in Kosovo and Bulgaria) requires country specific tailor-made policies and sequencing of reforms.

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SKRIVENA EKONOMIJA U JUGOISTOČNOJ EVROPI: IMPLIKACIJE NA MONITORING I JAVNE POLITIKE ZA DOBRO UPRAVLJANJE

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian

According to the authors of the policy brief, not declaring in full or partially economic activities in SEE remains widespread in virtually all areas of government – permissions and licenses, labour contracts, social security, taxes and custom duties. It signals a persistent gap between formal and informal institutions and lack of coherent enforcement of rules. Corruption pressure is higher towards those engaged in the hidden economy. At the same time their susceptibility to corruption is also higher, confirming the institutional incongruence. The immense diversity of the scale (from 19 % in Croatia to 81 % in Kosovo), prevailing patterns (no written contracts in Turkey, non-payment of health care contributions in Kosovo, envelope wages in FYR of Macedonia and Bulgaria, non-formalised business in Albania), formal vs informal wage average (higher formal wages in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania and Turkey and lower in Kosovo and Bulgaria) requires country specific tailor-made policies and sequencing of reforms.

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CSD Policy Brief No. 68: Monitoring Radicalisation and Extremism

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Over the last decade, radicalisation and extremism have become issues of particular concern for Europe. New risks of Islamist and far-right radicalisation have impelled the introduction of policies, the effects of which are only now being evaluated. As radicalisation that risks escalating into violence is more amenable to prevention than repression, having the capacity to detect early warning signs and trace the spread of extremist activity over time is critical. This brief outlines a set of methodologies for monitoring the risk of radicalisation and the trends in extremism based on an integrated approach to the indicators being monitored and the institutional mechanism doing the monitoring. These methodologies are designed to equip stakeholders – both governmental and non-governmental – with a tool which fuses a broad range of informational inputs; it will enable informed formulation of prevention and counter-radicalisation policies.

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Policy and Legal Environment for the Growth of the SME Sector in Bulgaria

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

The Policy Forum aims to identify those factors that will improve the economic and legal environment for the growth of the small and medium sized enterprise("SME") sector in Bulgaria. The forum has brought together some of the country's most influential individuals, representing various institutional and independent bodies, to discuss the constraints that are hindering the development of the SME sector and to propose and review various recommendations to overcome these obstacles.

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Migration - Europe's Integration and the Labour Force Brain-Drain

Author(s): Daniela Bobeva,Ivan Chalakov,Jordan Markov / Language(s): English

The report is aiming to answer the questions: What was going on in the science of Bulgaria in the years of transition and the related to it mass emigration of scientists abroad? Was that an occurrence of 'freedom euphoria', or 'a natural process of science internationalization'? What are the results from that process? What are the 'losses' and the 'benefits'? Who was the one 'to lose' and who - 'to win'? What are the perspectives?

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Debt-Equity Swaps In the Context of Privatization: the Case of Bulgaria

Author(s): Sophia Kassidova / Language(s): English

Bulgaria is continuing transformation towards market-driven economy in a rather strained environment - huge foreign debt burden, sustained losses due to the Gulf War and the UN embargo against Serbia and Montenegro. The establishment of private property and market-oriented legislation, and the ongoing law reform aim at promoting private sector expansion and removing restrictions to foreign capital inflow.

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БЪЛГАРИЯ: ИНДИКАТОРИ ЗА ЕНЕРГИЙНА СИГУРНОСТ И ПРЕДИЗВИКАТЕЛСТВА ПРЕД ПОЛИТИКИТЕ

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

National bulletins present a critical analysis of energy security management in Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine, and highlight the major challenges faced by countries in their transition to more transparent and data-driven policy-making processes. The management of state energy enterprises in CEE is strongly influenced by political interference, violating their investment independence and regulatory oversight. This is particularly noticeable in Bulgaria and Ukraine. The political pressure to reduce electricity and gas prices in Bulgaria, Romania and Serbia further increases the vulnerability of their energy sectors.Strong dependence on a single source and route for gas supply is the most serious risk to energy security in all countries. In Bulgaria and Ukraine, this risk is exacerbated by their dependence on imported oil from the same source - Russia. While Romania, Bulgaria and Ukraine have made efforts for energy diversification, Serbia seems to support the current status quo, although it pays some of Europe's highest natural gas prices.

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РУМЪНИЯ: ИНДИКАТОРИ ЗА НАЦИОНАЛНА ЕНЕРГИЙНА СИГУРНОСТ И ПРЕДИЗВИКАТЕЛСТВА ПРЕД ПОЛИТИКАТА

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

National bulletins present a critical analysis of energy security management in Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine, and highlight the major challenges faced by countries in their transition to more transparent and data-driven policy-making processes. The management of state energy enterprises in CEE is strongly influenced by political interference, violating their investment independence and regulatory oversight. This is particularly noticeable in Bulgaria and Ukraine. The political pressure to reduce electricity and gas prices in Bulgaria, Romania and Serbia further increases the vulnerability of their energy sectors.Strong dependence on a single source and route for gas supply is the most serious risk to energy security in all countries. In Bulgaria and Ukraine, this risk is exacerbated by their dependence on imported oil from the same source - Russia. While Romania, Bulgaria and Ukraine have made efforts for energy diversification, Serbia seems to support the current status quo, although it pays some of Europe's highest natural gas prices.

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SERBIA: NATIONAL ENERGY SECURITY INDICATORS AND POLICY CHALLENGES. Country factsheet

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

National bulletins present a critical analysis of energy security management in Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine, and highlight the major challenges faced by countries in their transition to more transparent and data-driven policy-making processes. The management of state energy enterprises in CEE is strongly influenced by political interference, violating their investment independence and regulatory oversight. This is particularly noticeable in Bulgaria and Ukraine. The political pressure to reduce electricity and gas prices in Bulgaria, Romania and Serbia further increases the vulnerability of their energy sectors.Strong dependence on a single source and route for gas supply is the most serious risk to energy security in all countries. In Bulgaria and Ukraine, this risk is exacerbated by their dependence on imported oil from the same source - Russia. While Romania, Bulgaria and Ukraine have made efforts for energy diversification, Serbia seems to support the current status quo, although it pays some of Europe's highest natural gas prices.

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UKRAINE: NATIONAL ENERGY SECURITY INDICATORS AND POLICY CHALLENGES. Country factsheet

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

National bulletins present a critical analysis of energy security management in Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine, and highlight the major challenges faced by countries in their transition to more transparent and data-driven policy-making processes. The management of state energy enterprises in CEE is strongly influenced by political interference, violating their investment independence and regulatory oversight. This is particularly noticeable in Bulgaria and Ukraine. The political pressure to reduce electricity and gas prices in Bulgaria, Romania and Serbia further increases the vulnerability of their energy sectors.Strong dependence on a single source and route for gas supply is the most serious risk to energy security in all countries. In Bulgaria and Ukraine, this risk is exacerbated by their dependence on imported oil from the same source - Russia. While Romania, Bulgaria and Ukraine have made efforts for energy diversification, Serbia seems to support the current status quo, although it pays some of Europe's highest natural gas prices.

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CSD Policy Brief No. 58: ПРОЗРАЧНОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ И ЭНЕРГОБЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ И ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЕВРОПЕ

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Russian

The national and regional energy security of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries has become a hot topic of discussion in the EU recently, focusing the attention of experts, policy makers, and the general public on ongoing and future energy projects but also on the features of energy governance in these countries. The interruption of gas supplies to Europe as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian pricing dispute in 2009, the continuing Russian-Ukrainian crisis after the annexation of Crimea, and the EU-Russia controversies regarding the South Stream pipeline project, as well as Gazprom’s non-compliance with the EU regulations in several anti-trust cases in the past few years are the major cornerstones that shape the CEE energy security framework and policy options as the region remains heavily dependent on Russian oil, gas, and nuclear technology. At the same time, the fragile democratic traditions in the CEE countries, the existing networks of political protectionism and economic oligarchy, and the opaque business practices nurtured by corruption and links with organized crime, have been reinforced by the negative implications of Russian economic and geo-political influence. Russia has exploited its dominant position in the energy market and its long-term links with certain political and economic groups to shape political decisions across the region according to its own interests, but often to the detriment of the home country consumers. The current review of energy security risks in four selected CEE countries, two energy poor – Bulgaria and Serbia, and two energy-resourced– Romania and Ukraine, assesses the factual situation per se and the transparency and accountability of energy policy governance in the region.

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Корупционни индекси. Регионален мониторинг на корупцията в Албания, Босна и Херцеговина, България, Македония, Румъния, Хърватска, СР Югославия Март 2001

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

The present report outlines the key findings of the Regional Corruption Monitoring carried out in seven countries of South Eastern Europe – Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Romania, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), and Croatia. The surveys conducted in these countries were based on the methodology of the Corruption Monitoring System of Coalition 2000 and marked the beginning of the implementation of a Regional Corruption Monitoring System. The main goal of this comparative analysis of the seven countries from the Balkan region is to show the public significance of the problem of corruption and the extent to which corruption has penetrated into the various elements of society.

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Корупционни индекси. Регионален мониторинг на корупцията в Албания, Босна и Херцеговина, България, Македония, Румъния, Хърватия и Югославия Април 2002

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

The report presents key findings about the level of corruption and corruption related perceptions in a cross country perspective. The analysis is based on national sample (n=1000) surveys of the population aged 18 and over in seven countries of Southeast Europe. It also includes comparative data from the 2001 survey conducted using the same methodology.

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PARTICULARITĂȚILE APLICĂRII TEHNICII POLIGRAF LA ASIGURAREA ORDINII ȘI SIGURANȚEI PUBLICE

Author(s): Andrei Lungu,Iurie Odagiu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

In this article we propose to analyze and evaluate some aspects related to the use of the polygraph technique in the process of ensuring public order and security. Attention will be given to the professional skills and competencies of a polygraph examiner, as well as the need to know the special procedures that may be applied during a polygraph test. We will focus on the need to use memorial traces from a forensic point of view. We will focus on the method and methodology of conducting a polygraph test and provide recommendations for further research in the field of polygraph application.

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On the Use of Semantic Frames in Law Enforcement English Methodology

Author(s): Ileana Chersan / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The methodology of English for specific purposes has long been employed and developed, capitalizing on the latest language research and linguistic traits. Using semantic analysis and more specifically semantic frames (in the sense of Fillmore ) to deconstruct the meanings of a lexical unit or word is a complex and rewarding methodological approach; this can facilitate the comprehension of cultural and social concepts behind the lexical units, contrasting concepts and situations and contextualizing them with more semantic precision. Law enforcement concepts favour this approach due to the social and historical complexity of law enforcement systems and their impact on cross-cultural communication. This paper explores two semantic frames of law enforcement concepts – ‘Criminal attempts’ and the ‘Power to stop and search’ - to demonstrate the rationale and applicability of frame semantics to English law enforcement vocabulary teaching.

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