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BULGARIAN SOCIOLOGY: INSTITUTIONAL AND EXISTENTIAL PROBLEMS (DEBATES AT THE ANNUAL MEETING OF BSA)
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The article considers Weber’s move from history to sociology and from cultural science to verstehende sociology. While these issues are not new, this article scrutinizes them in terms of the complete history of the works of Max Weber, which are now available through the publications of the Max Weber-Gesamtausgabe. Also considered is the relation between Weber’s early use of stages theory of historical development and the individualism imputed to him. At root is the changing relation of methodology to his substantive studies in social economics, law, domination, religion and universal history.
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The Past: Interpretations and Rewritings
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In this paper an attempt will be made to describe a part of an ordinary day in the city centres in Western Thrace during the Bulgarian administration of the district between 1913 and 1919. Based on an episode from an unknown and unarchived autobiography, the life of one main actor will be projected. He is a boy from a local Bulgarian family. His parents sent him to become apprentice in Şapçı (Σάπες) and Gümülcine (Κομοτηνή). In the big city the boy built new relationships – with the members of a Jewish family and with the “people from the market” who were connected with it. The biographical episode commented is simultaneously part of an “exotic exception” from the collective memory of the group: the Bulgarians from Western Thrace.
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The article presents the development of the international chain Starbucks as a projection of the roles and significance of corporate citizenship. It also outlines leading aspects in the company policy, corresponding to the social trends and consumer demands under the conditions of hyper-competition and hyper-consumption. The study is based on Douglas Halt’s conception about brands – icons and Gilles Lipovetsky’s theory about hyper-consumer society.
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The political analysis does not describe; it transforms and rearranges the meaning of the world. The political analysis is a practice of thinking, concerned about the current state and prosperity of communities and their relations. Within the framework of this understanding, the article analyses time and space as political categories since every political system can be completely defined through them. Time and space are variables and can be in a condition of crisis, urgency, importance or necessity. They could be disarranged, and could affect positively or negatively the collective existence and action in the political communities.To interpret time and space as political categories, first, we explore the temporal-spatial frames of political analysis. Second, we study the history of political time and space as ideas and facts. Third, we analyze the metaphorical use of the concepts in a political context, and we draw analogy to the physical notions of time and space. Finally, we present the various manifestations and understandings of the political time and space nowadays.
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The paper explores the relation strategic thinking – metacognition –reflection in the context of the professional training programs of education majors.It revisits the idea of strategic thinking championed by an array of philosophersfrom Immanuel Kant through John Dewy to Martin Covington, who foregroundsthe issue from the point of view of education and student success. The latter is feasible only if clear criteria are available to the student as regards his/her capabilities, the complexity of the task and the resources employed in its resolution.In principle, this is a process of metacognition inasmuch as the student evaluates his/her own reasoning and professional reflection developed in the shape of self observation and self-cognition. Our assumption is that the most important condition for the utilization and realization of this relation is the language behavior of the student wherein language and idea, reasoning and questioning, doubt and argument validation coincide. The analysis is developed within the framework of Donald Davidson’s conception of reiterating the relation between language and act and that between language and mental processes as a network of convictions, attitudes and expectations.
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The aim of this paper is to make an inquiry into the structure of Introduction to Bulgarian author and diplomat Simeon Radev’s book of history Builders of Modern-day Bulgaria (1910). The inquiry conceives a certain problematization of the supposedly self-evident meaning of the text by showing its irreducible ambiguity. The paper tries to propose a new theoretical framework for future analyses on nationalist discourse in Bulgarian context.
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The article presents the results from the study of one of the most famous festivals of masquerade games in Bulgaria – the International festival of masquerade games – Surva – Pernik. The first edition of the festival was in 1966 and since then (until today), there have been many changes in its organization, conceptions and periodization over the years. The focus of the present article is put on the policies of the ruling communist party of preserving cultural heritage in the People’s Republic of Bulgaria in the period between 1945 and 1989. „People’s culture and the heritage of oppressed people“ was among the main ideological formulas in the official documents, which focussed the party members officials’ efforts in the sphere of culture. Under this ideological phrase there have been implanted a lot of changes in the traditional way of life in the country, which reflected over the cultural customs and rituals. The questions of traditions, heritage, and the old and new forms of inherited rituals are analysed in the light of the new ideology enforced in the social life after 1944. The documents from different administrative centres – both government’s offices, party’s committee and municipality’s bureaus – are studied in order the hidden sides of the decisions, concerning cultural policy in the country, to be shown in their complexity.
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In this article I look at the specifics of an ever more popular model for raising children in central Sofia. In this model the everyday life of the family focuses on the extracurricular activities of the children and the engagement of the parents with their organization and realization. In the Sofia version of “concerted cultivation” (Lareau, 2011) children attend at least two after class activities which burdens them with additional work, while their parents face substantial time and financial engagements. In comparison to practices of “concerted cultivation” in other cultural contexts where extracurricular classes are seen as enrichment activities, institutionalized forms of play and children’s socialization, my contention is that among the studied families in central Sofia the engagement of children with multiple educational after school classes can be seen as a major strategy for increasing their social capital and gaining advantage in uncertain times. Parents invest in their children’s academic development to compensate for insecurities of the present and worries about the future. The instability of their own economic position, as well as their personal experiences and will to provide better alternatives for their children are the main factors which contribute to the creation of a new image of childhood by these parents – that of a work environment and preparation stage for successful future.
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In the paper we tried to follow the prehistory and the history of the first in the Muslim world on Caucasus secular school for Muslim girls in the context of the colonial Russian policy by that time. After continuous wars of Russia against the local Tatar khans, Iran and Ottoman empire the North Azerbaijan was annexed by Russia. The Turkmenchay peace treaty (1828) led to the division of Azerbaijan between Russia and Iran. In this context it is interesting to research how and where from the idea of educating Muslim girls originated; who, why and how realized in practice this idea. The founder, donor and trustee of the school was the prominent citizen of Baku the petrol industrialist Gadzhi Zejnal Tagiev (1838 – 1924) who by the school granted the Azerbaijan people with female intelligentsia and initiated the female education in the country. To analyze the history of the school we used published archive documents, materials from the press and the memoirs of contemporaries. We research the period from 1896 when the idea of opening of the school originated to 1918 when the Bolsheviks’ atrocities in Baku led to instability and closing of the school. After 1920 when the Bolshevik power was established in Azerbaijan the name and the charity activities of Tagiev were falsified and doomed to oblivion since he was considered “capitalist” and ‘enemy of people’ by the new Soviet ideology. We analyzed the difficulties and the obstacles which were to be overcome by the founders of the school during its opening and functioning and commented the fact that still in the independent Azerbaijan Tagiev’s contribution to the Azerbaijan nation are not fully acknowledged.
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How politics was swallowed up by policies, both conceptually and as an orientation of practical social action, how policies in turn appeared to be just another name for administrative governance: Sofi a’s general public had the rare chance to learn that by experience. On 14 June 2013, several thousand people fl ooded the “Independence” square, named “Lenin” before 1989, to recapture it from what public spaces turn into under the predominance of everyday modality of social being together: that is, veins of traffi c. Totalization of everydayness renders traffi c and garbage to be the chief references of shared social living. Since 14 June 2013, however, a scandalous appointment of a suspicious person on a high-ranking state offi cial’s position subsumed the fractured role performances of a signifi cant number of Sofi a dwellers under the totalizing force of their civic identifi cation and threw them into protests against the current governance. This interrupted the totalization of everydayness and allowed for the re-appropriation of the public character of the obscured public spaces. This ecstatic mode of re-appropriation however cannot resist the forces of mundanization for long. The everydayness unavoidably strikes back.
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The text deals with the idea of conducting a lesson based on a real novel as an opportunity for active participation of students. Shown is the ability for students to build hypotheses, organize their discussion, create logical reasoning, seek argument from the literary text and find their graphical image. The research done, the new vision of learning material, enhances the lesson learning. The production of aesthetic material leads to emotional satisfaction in children.A practical development of lesson, based on the novel “Tartuffe”, is shown.
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The civil structures stand closer to the social groups in local communities, they are better aware of their real needs and can help to find a more adequate and acceptable solutions. They are able to define the problem (of the target group or community) and involve citizens in solving it. In civil society and its structures there isa resourcefor participation in the development and implementation of local policies and solving problems of the local community, but this resource is not completely and efficiently utilized.
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"SHOULD" OR "CAN": THE ROLE OF IDEAL THEORY INPOLITICAL THEORY
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A variant of interpretation of the folklore biography of the place Zhelyovi kamani near the village of Orizari in the region of Tvarditsa is submitted with a view to the opinion about the folklore biography of the place as a main topos with centre-organizing functions in the settlement space and an active participant in the construction of the settlement biography. The affair in question is the attitude to this biography, motivated through myths, legends, traditional ritualism in the local knowledge. It is expressed in the active appreciation towards the inherited knowledge and its own interpretation of its aspects even “faking” of the contents through the view of a local resident.
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In „Tobacco“ is outlined the scheme of collision father – sons, but also between sons. The novel reflects not only the end of the occupancy in the home (doubt even the former good in the generic space), but also the decay of the world in its physical and spiritual dimensions, presented as the end of a political and economic system and the beginning of another. Dimitar Dimov presents a world where children have sinned because they refuse to obey the established framework for life. In the novel, children don’t simply share the values of their parents, but also value conduct that has been denounced so far as immoral. In another case, young people come to a fanatical end in affirming and „preaching“ the new order. The paradox in the novel of Dimov is revealed in the awareness of the fall, but also in the hero‘s refusal to walk back to repentance.
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