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The present study explores the political journalistic activity conducted by Rector Fr. Dumitru Stăniloae in the confessional journal from Sibiu Telegraful Român (Romanian Telegraph), between the years 1940-1941. Amid particularly tumultuous events, but also of maximum historical resonance occurring in Romania, the Transylvanian theologian builds a passionate journalistic discourse, which designs his own theo-political ideas for the Romanian nation and Orthodoxy. Vehemently protesting against the Communist ideology and Soviet Russia, torn spiritually because of the abusive territorial losses in those years, the Christian journalist Dumitru Stăniloae adheres, at first, the enticing “Christian totalitarianism” manifested by the Legionary Movement, and, then, becomes a fervent supporter of the expansionist policy of Nazi Germany and its ally, the much contested General Ion Antonescu.
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Bulgarian lawmakers ban women from wearing the burqa and niqab in public; those who do will be fined and lose their social benefits.
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Understanding Church-state relations in Serbia as an idea carried over from the Byzantine understanding of the doctrine of the relationship between the secular and ecclesiastical authorities. While the ruler carrier secular power, spiritual patriarch, the nation's indivisible and belongs to the state and the church, so that the question of relations between church and state resolved uniquely. On that basis set and relationship harmony and mutuality of church and state, as in Byzantium, and later in Serbia. Archimandrite Sava using Studenica typicon -the first constitution of the Serbian Church -managed in the best way to highlight all that contain terms: church autonomy, self statehood, independence, identity
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The need for legal protection and chance equality between men and women is an essential element of harmonious human development. In the legal protection of one's rights aspect, the human being exposes the deepest and most personal features, tendencies, one accomplishes one's deepest wishes, all of them enlightening one's true personality. Legal protection thus ensures a total of rights and obligations, expresses a number of features and qualities of human personality, has an influence on a person's health and sanity and therefore it is the reason for which the majority of states have included this value amongst the ones that must be taken into consideration even by instrumental implementation of criminal law
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Since 2007, as Romania joined the great European family, the influence EU law over the domestic law has been constant and extremely auspicious. This influence has produced a series of changes in the legal system, as Romania took over the European legal rules contained in the EU treaties which it has signed, and some Compulsory sources –such as directives, recommendations –, and acknowledged and enforced the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice and of the European Court of Human Rights
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Short History of legal profession in Romania presents several personalities of national legal culture
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New museum reacts to criticism from religious groups and others, removing offending part and calling this a learning experience.
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The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between occupational professionalism and organizational alienation levels of teachers. The study is designed as a survey model. The sample of the study consists of 303 teachers working in the Mugla province of Turkey. Participants were selected by using the disproportionate cluster sampling technique. Data was collected through the application of the Teachers’ Occupational Professionalism Scale and the Work Alienation Scale.Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and correlation analyses were used to analyze the data. Based on the findings, the participant teachers’ level of occupational professionalism is high. Among the occupational professionalism dimensions, teachers consider they have professional awareness the most. This is followed by emotional labor, contribution to organization, and personal development. Teachers’ occupational professionalism differ according to gender and school type variables, while it does not differ according to seniority and time in service at the current school. The participant teachers’ organizational alienation is low. Among the alienation dimensions, teachers consider alienating the school the most, even if its level is low. This is followed respectively by powerlessness, isolation and meaninglessness dimensions. Teachers’ organizational alienation differs according to gender, school type, seniority and time in service at the current school variables. There are significant relationships between alienation and occupational professionalism levels of teachers.
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The phenomena of continuity and discontinuity have a great importance for any science and by default to the science of law in the sense that a legal system is proving effective or ineffective depending on how it handles issues of continuity and discontinuity at the level of legislation. Regarding continuity in matters of law, the Romans knew very well to create a very efficient legal system, on which a large part of modern law relies. A series of important legal institutions of today have their origins in the Roman law, jurists establishing ever since some rules which have acquired undeniable continuity even to the present. A thorough study of continuity-discontinuity relationship as a general rule for the evolution of law is justified by the actuality of the topic, both from the point of view of post-totalitarian evolution of the Central and Eastern European countries as well as from the perspective of their European integration. As for the second aspect, we should start from the premise that the European Union once extended does not cope for the first time with the difficulties of continuity - discontinuity alternation because of this expansion. Throughout history, Europe was confronted with such alternation in legal terms as well and the experience that it has acquired can be used in the continuous process of European Union’s expansion.
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This paper addresses the topic of citizenship, considered an issue of internal law, on the grounds that the state, based on the principle of national sovereignty, is the one that sets, on the one hand, the criteria and methods for obtaining or losing its citizenship, and, on the other hand, the rights and obligations of the persons who have/acquire its citizenship based on these. The emergence of the cases of dual/triple citizenship or of statelessness may be regarded as the result of concepts and regulations of the states, which are sovereign in the case of granting and withdrawing citizenship.
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Nowadays, the boundary between virtual and real security is diminished, organized attacks in cyberspace can cause serious consequences in physical reality. Cyber threats have a significant international component, which determines the approach of cyber security in terms of foreign policy.This analytical approach pays particular attention to the factors determining the need for developing diplomatic instruments specific to cyber space, as a component of foreign policy. The paper focuses moreover on the operationalization of the cyber diplomacy concept and on the analysis of cyber diplomacy mechanisms developed by the European Union.
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By association with other legislation, where the economic and social considerations are more important than other legal factors, the main objective consists in saving the debtor and the research for viable solutions to the detriment of payment of liabilities, in our insolvency legislation, trying to satisfy the interests of both creditors and debtors, covering the debt with reorganization of the debtor.The paper analyzes the circumstances in which creditors are entitled to make application but also the legal consequences of non-compliance with these conditions.
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Law-making involves a complex process conditioned by complex realities, in which two aspects prove equally important and also interdependent - the aspect pertaining to social realities and the technical and formal aspect, pertaining to the elements on the structure of the enactment style and language of corporate and specific procedure for adoption. In this process, an essential role is played by documentation that allows the issue of value judgments in choosing the best solutions to be incorporated in the proposed regulation. Documentation, as an activity is not considered an end in itself, rather it creates prerequisites for a thorough understanding of social phenomena and relations which are to be subject to legal regulation.
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Adopted in January, the ban, which prohibits any kind of religiously affiliated clothing, has not deterred students from wearing hijabs until now.
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A few hundred protesters vow not to let up the pressure until the peninsula is back in Ukrainian hands.
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UK government denies any role in NatWest’s unexplained move to close the Kremlin’s English-language mouthpiece.
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The paper discusses a method of working with local communities labelled “community organizing”. It intends to describe its features and to present the case of a Silesia-based local community activated with this tool. The work done with the local community from Katowice-Szopienice urban district may be used as an example of a good practice in community organizing.
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What are the issues faced by families of men who serve long-term prison sentences? Does the man’s absence negatively affect the quality of life of the family? How do such families coexist in local communities? Does their social standing remain unchanged? The aim of this study is to provide answers to these questions based on the analysis of the existing research literature. This article critically evaluates the existing studies into how wives and partners cope when their husbands serve long term prison sentences. It also identifies some gaps in the literature and makes recommendations for future research. The authors argue that more research is needed to understand the plight of the families of inmates, especially in the case of long term imprisonment
More...Bogdana Nawroczyńskiego bilans walki o państwowość, ziemie i język: na podstawie opracowania Nasza walka o szkołę polską 1901-1917
The following text is an analysis of the struggle for the independence of the Polish nation between the 19th and 20th centuries. This analysis takes an educational perspective and is based on a largely forgotten work of Bogdan Nawroczyński, Nasza walka o szkołę polską 1901-1917. When speaking about the freedom struggle one can distinguish between a more common meaning connected with military conflict, and a less common meaning connected with organic, cultural-based work. The second meaning is especially interesting due to the important role played by education therein. The organization of secret and official schooling in that period not only served to promote the spread of knowledge, but was also used for the rebuilding of the state. Nawroczyński's piece is also important from the point of view of contemporary problems and conflicts.
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