Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea în lectura postbelică din România

Author(s): Cristian Preda / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2002

Les lectures de l’oeuvre du marxiste roumain C. Dobrogeanu-Gherea ont été plus critiques dans sa propre famille idéologique que sous toute autre perspective. L’article décrit les différentes visions de cette oeuvre très riche produites après 1945; la contestation idéologique et la contestation scientifique sont suivies par une tentative de récupérer les textes de Gherea, soit dans une perspective sociologique, soit dans une lecture philosophique. C’est ainsi que Gherea devient d’un ennemi de la doctrine officielle, anti-marxiste et anti-prolétaire, le premier sociologue marxiste au monde ou bien le Père fondateur du socialisme international. Lue autrement, ‘histoire des interprétations de Gherea décrit la carte intellectuelle du marxisme roumain d’après 1945.

„Făr’de treabă în politie”.Cerșetorii în secolul al XVIII-lea românesc

Author(s): Ligia Livadă-Cadeschi / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2003

La naissance de I’État moderne en Europe occidentale s’est accompagnée de l’émergence de la pauvreté en tant que thème de Ia réflexion politique et des efforts pratiques du pouvoir politique d’écarter, même d’une façon violente, les mendiants de I’espace public. Au XVIe siècle sont énoncés les principes modernes de la réforme de I’assistance aux pauvres: interdire la quéte publique des aumônes, obliger tous les pauvres à travailler (même ceux atteints Par une infirmité moins grave), sécuriser exclusivement les invalides, les enfants et les vieillards, en raison de leur incapacité de travail. Les mendiants valides commencent à être considérés comme source de tous les désordres publics et sont voués à la répression (faite au nom même de Ia charité). Le grand enfermement du XVIIe siècle européen se propose d’écarter les pauvres de I’espace public et de les faire travailler (même des travaux forcés s‘ils refusent le marché libre). Cette évolution se produit en Valachie et en Moldavie au XVIIIe siècle. Au XVIIe et au début du XVIIIe siècle la mendicité des pauvres invalides et estropiés était tenue pour un métier licite. Dans les villes roumaines ceux-ci étaient organisés en corporations de gueux, autorisées par les princes régnants à vivre des aumônes. À Ia fin du XVIIIe siècle, ce sont les mêmes princes qu’interdisent la mendicité et ordonnent I’enfermement des pauvres malades aux monastères ou aux hôpitaux des pauvres malades (parus dès le début du XVIIIe siècle). Parallèlement, la merdicité des pauvres valides commence à être considérée un délit; on leurs ordonne de se faire embaucher sous peine de fouet. Parfois ils sont utilisés, toujours par ordre du prince, aux travaux publics. Toute mendicité publique est interdite en raison des dangers qui sont susceptibles de menacer la communauté envahie par les pauvres: maladies contagieuses, bagarres et désordres publiques, séditions populaires.

Norberto Bobbio, filosofo del dubbio e delle domande radicali

Author(s): Michele Prospero / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2004

A eulogy of Norberto Bobbio, spotlighting the solitude of his liberalism in the Italian intellectual setting, tipically enticed by transformism and authori­tarianism.

Notes de lecture sur Errare humanum est... Revue Internationale d’Étudee en Langues Modernes Appliquées International Review of Studies in Applied Moderne Languages Numéro spécial 2018, Cluj-Napoca, 106 pp.

Author(s): Răzvan ROGOZ / Language(s): French Issue: 40/2023

Sprawozdanie z 7. Międzynarodowego Sympozjum Familiologicznego w Elblągu

Author(s): Mariusz Ostaszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2023

Intertwining and Boundaries of Realities

Author(s): Ioana Micluția / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Dreams, nightmares, and other peculiar interferences of conscient states fascinated and still intrigue humankind. Besides the mystery and misbeliefs attached to these physiological phenomena, huge explanations were developed especially by psychoanalytic or philosophical theories, providing the interpretations of the content of the oneiric states. There is a tremendous corpus of scientific testing and explorations, which enables the adequate and subtle identification, diagnoses, and remedies of the variety of parasomnias. The multidisciplinary approach is coined as somnology and the oneiric are framed within the phases of sleep. Even if there are noticeable advances regarding the formal aspects of dreams, parasomnias, the content of oneiric states still relies on self-reports, if the remembrance is kept vivid and untainted. A clarification of the differences between nightmares and night terrors seems to be suitable. The nightmare is recognized as an independent diagnosis by the DSM-5. To pick up a nightmarish sequence in filmography would be too easy, choosing an opposite: the Morenian perspective of a surplus reality during a trance scene of the outlaw prostitute Cabiria while being subject of a hypnosis show led by a charlatan, which feeds all desires, phantasms of love, marriage, romance (Nights of Cabiria, F. Fellini, 1957). But the later reality experience, that seems to reenact the former trance, turns into a living reality nightmare. The final Fellinian escape from this scene is strange and surprising, but not as the frightening awakening from a nightmare. Nevertheless, the oneiric phenomena remain fascinating probably due to their partly unveiled mystery.

A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Brand Journalism Ethics: User Perceptions in Serbia and Pakistan

Author(s): Ivana Stojanović Prelević,Zareesh Zehra / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Given that there are different views on what brand journalism is, this article studies the ethics of brand journalism to provide a more thorough and accurate description. Not all cultures have adopted this phrase, including Serbia and Pakistan. The lack of research on user perceptions of and trust in brand journalism (Koch, Riehl & Viererbl, 2021) led scholars to poll young people, including 60 students from Pakistan and 50 from Serbia. According to Serbian and Pakistani student surveys, brand journalism is expected to grow in popularity as a career in these cultures. Additionally, it is not utilized; instead, terms like public relations or content marketing are used. The ethical aspects of brand journalism are the primary subject of the study. The findings demonstrate that brand journalism upholds ethical principles, while also occasionally violating them, including impartiality, objectivism, and independence.

„Мащаби в локалното“: Витгенщайн, Лиотар и постмодерното, преоткрити в концептуално изкуство. (Част първа)

Author(s): Rossen Roussev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

This text takes up various aspects of a conceptual art project titled “Scales in the Local” in relation to key ideas of postmodern philosophical thought. More particularly, the conceptual focus of the authors of the project on the local, elemental, and uniquely singular is juxtaposed with the shifting focus of postmodern culture from the universalist metanarratives of the Enlightenment to the particularity of the singular. The project, which was implemented by a team of artists with different approaches to it, is seen as addressing and inducing reflections about major issues and concerns of our time. The work of the different artists is analyzed, drawing upon thinkers who left highly significant marks on postmodern philosophical thinking, including Wittgenstein, Heidegger, Nietzsche, Lyotard, and Foucault, among others. While the discussion of the participating works of art is inevitably arbitrary, its main purpose is to be a source of further reflections.

Развитие цивилизации, мировоззрения, философии, рационализма, науки как целостный процесс

Author(s): Viacheslav Voitsekhovich / Language(s): English,Russian Issue: 2/2023

Civilization gave birth to a new type of worldview and philosophy, and then to rationalism and science. Ancient Greece saw the emergence of the paradigms of Parmenides (existence is fixed and integrated in essence) and Heraclitus (existence is motion in essence), On the basis of the former paradigm, rationalism and science were formed, while the latter was used in philosophy, humanities and art. In the first century, synergy and other theories were combined with dialectics, giving rise to rationalism and the “moving concepts.” The development of mathematics and logic also went underway. This article shows the unity of and the internal relationship between civilization, knowledge, rational thinking and science in the process of their evolution.

Петър Берон: Елементи от митичното начало на българската философия

Author(s): Kosta Benchev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

This article interprets the concepts of the origin of the world and of two kinds of darkness – one that is visible due to the presence light, and one that is invisible due to the absence of light. It also examines the relations between these philosophemes and some mythical narratives dating back to Thracian-Hellenic antiquity.

За някои идеи и закономерности в развитието на българската философия в един ръкопис от архива на В. Свинтила. Методологически и евристични аспекти

Author(s): Kosta Benchev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article discusses general issues of methodological interest related to the investigations on the history of Bulgarian philosophy. It is based on the analysis of a yet unpublished manuscript written by the Bulgarian writer Vladimir Svintila during the 1970s. The influence of the Enlightenment and of some supposedly Cartesian themes at the time of the Bulgarian National Revival is traced through concepts like polarity and duality. Some problems and approaches are identified that have a relatively invariant (or nationally- conditioned) character in the work of Bulgarian philosophers.

Dans l’ombilic du cauchemar

Author(s): Javier Jiménez León / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

In our field, we tend to hear and read about, and even to devote entire books, articles, and testimonies to the oneiric experience – generally associated with what Freud meant by the dream work – but how much analysis and reflection do we devote to the nightmare? Isn’t it, perhaps, another form of what we call the oneiric experience? What place for the nightmare – beyond Freud and Lacan, but not without them – in the clinical experience? This paper is accompanied by the fragmentary saying – is there another one? – of authors such as Walter Benjamin, Pascal Quignard, Artemidorus, Jorge Luis Borges, as well as the saying of some analysands who have passed through my office. By these means, I will articulate what in some cases has been interpreted as a failure and which constitutes, from my point of view, the triumph of all those parlêtres who let themselves be inhabited by what we would qualify as the demonic – thus recognizing themselves. In other words, I will approach what incubates, in the navel of the nightmare, through sex and death as figures of the real.

Nightmares and Jokes

Author(s): Sara Rodowicz-Ślusarczyk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The theme of the nightmare is not a very easy one to approach. Quiteobviously, we are dealing with something highly unpleasant, but what contributesto the challenge is also the aspect of experience – the experience of the nightmare,and this is implies something that is lived. Thinking about experience, trying to getsome knowledge out of it – some kind of knowledge about the worst – is already ameans of distancing oneself from it. I suppose one of the ways in which we coulddefine the distress proper to the nightmare is precisely that one cannot get out of it.And it is also what makes the vital need of a separation so urgent, the need expressedin awakening.

Ingmar Bergman et Véronique Vogler : Lit de parade, oiseaux maladifs et cauchemar

Author(s): Noemina Câmpean / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

The present article represents a psychoanalytic reading not only ofIngmar Bergmanʼs film The Hour of the Wolf/ Vargtimmen (1968), but also ofBergmanʼs personal hour of the wolf, related to an inner pain, to an atmosphericsilence and to the irreducible scar of anxiety. On the other hand, the article presentsthe expressionistic influences of the German school on the creation of the Swedishdirector, regarding the terror of the artist, the adventure of light and whiteness, thesomnambulism, the soul and its double – the shadow, and so on. The nightmare ofthe main character Johan Borg starts with his visit to the von Merkens family: themembers of this strange family can represent projections of his own psychoticreactions – cannibals, ghosts, vampires, living dead, parasites, spiders. In thiscontext, the bed where Johan meets his “perfect” lover, Veronica Vogler, integratesa binary topos of agony and raw sexuality, a pietà and also a lying-in state of thecorpse which allows the ovation and the consumption of the breath of the deceasedby the participants. Ultimately, the bed hides the dramatization and the voyeurismof the self.

Un instant d’innocence ou les instances du non-sens

Author(s): Ioana Ciovârnache / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

The impossibility of comprehension concerns not only the subject’s relation to the other, but it also extends between the subject and his past. Just likeFreud’s navel of the dream, in Mohssen Makhmalbaf’s film A Moment of Innocence(1996) the unravelling of the characters’ lives and the spinning of their phantasmaticperspectives start from the same point of radical lack of sense. The movie’s playbetween reality and fiction renders possible a shift from the violence of the past intrusion of real into the subject’s life to the temporized acknowledgement of the inconsistencies in his own discourse.

Incubus: The Nightmare Materialized. When Aggressiveness becomes Violence

Author(s): Cristian Bodea / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The paper explores the tension between aggressiveness and violence regarding the intentional pressure (Lacan). It gives an account on thephenomenological take on intentionality in favor of the idea that the subject-objectrelation is indispensable for the conscious being. Psychoanalysis goes further andshows that such a relation has also an unconscious element which is essentiallyaggressive and structural. In order that the aggressiveness does not become violence,a process of sublimation is needed. This paper demonstrates that in nightmare sucha process is deficient, having to do with the forbidden object. Consequently, thequestion of incest arises. The movie The Incubus (1982) is a good example of what happens when the limit between subject and object is pushed, and it shows what would happen if that limit was removed.

Effect of Audio-Visual Appeal on Game Enjoyment: Sample from Turkey

Author(s): Naz Almaç / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

A player’s subjective interaction with a digital game is referred to as player experience. The consequence of playing a game affects a player’s thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and behaviours. To measure player experience there are various qualitative and quantitative methods. Iterative game development and play testing sessions enhance and optimize game designs, to determine the impact of functional and psychosocial consequences of gaming in various cultures, a credible scale is required. To be able to measure and analyse player experience, this study aimed at adapting the ‘Player Experience Inventory’ (PXI) scale developed by V. V. Abeele1 to Turkish. The results of test-retest analysis and back-and-forth translation demonstrate that linguistic equivalence is not applicable for the Turkish variant. Only one item for functional – audio-visual appeal – and two items from psychosocial – immersion and autonomy – consequence of gaming have a proper factor structure. In this way an adaption study was carried out by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and explanatory factor analysis (EFA) with three items from the scale. The validity and reliability of the scale and relationship of audio-visual appeal of gaming on game enjoyment were tested and this article proposes a model for the functional and psychosocial consequences of gaming.

Women in the World of Digital Games: The Case of Slovakia

Author(s): Anna Hurajová,Alexej Slezák,Vladimíra Hladíková / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This research paper aims to provide a picture of women’s participation in various positions in the field of digital games in Slovakia, such as creators of game content, women involved in eSports, the gaming industry, casual gamers as well as women working in the field of digital game education. Based on theoretical knowledge and qualitative in-depth interviews with seven women working in various positions in the gaming industry, the women’s positive and negative work experiences, and the problems and obstacles linked to their gender were identified. The research is specifically focused on the situation of women in the gaming industry in Slovakia. The results show that female gamers and streamers face negative behaviour from their fellow players and viewers which may result in an array of negative consequences. Findings also indicate that the low representation of women insome areas of the gaming industry is a consequence of prevailing gender roles in society. Furthermore, women’s participation in eSports and competitive gaming is limited due to toxic meritocracy, prevailing masculinity and sexism.

Is There a Memory Crisis in Europe?

Author(s): Daniela Koleva / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2023

Crisis and Renaissance: The Historian, the Painter and the Priest in the “Great upheaval” of the Age

Author(s): Vladimir Nikolaev Gradev / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2023