The Positive Mind

Its Development and Impact on Modernity and Postmodernity

Author(s): Evaldas Nekrašas / Language(s): English

This book is an intellectual adventure story, a history of ideas, and a rigorous reappraisal of a major movement in philosophy, science, and culture that many have been pronounced irrelevant, passé, even dead. Yet upon closer consideration, we may find that what we have come to call positivism has profoundly influenced our thought and practice in numerous ways. It would be difficult to find another philosophy that has been more influential, and at least by that measure, we may say that positivism not only survives, but thrives. In this book the origins, problems, and dilemmas of the positive mind are discussed, its challenges are revealed, and the entire drama of its development is presented.

Likvidácia Tábora a vznik sídliska Luník IX

Author(s): Anna Jurová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2015

The paper deals with complex problems in addressing the adverse housing situation of the Roma population in Košice. After World War II, part of the city known as the gypsy camp under Moldavská way found itself in an extremely exposed position at the entrance to the city. Arrival the amount of working class from rural areas with extensive construction and urbanization ratios further deepen. Numerous Roma growth was evident. Housing problems are addressed through an allocation of older apartments, phasing out the huts in the camp and fi nally focusing on specifi c Roma settlement. The idea of a separate settlement originated in the mid-60s, in 1970, the planned housing units was not built. Another intention of anticipated settlement was in the area Myslava with lower standard family houses. Because of the high costs the concept of prefabricated houses gallery type was born. The government in 1976 refused to deal with Roma housing in specifi c neighbourhoods. Council city national committee nevertheless approved the construction of Luník IX without a specifi c focus. The construction was carried out in late 1970s, several policies were processed recall procedure Roma families from the camp as well as the old city, according to various streets. In 1981 began the history of Luník IX, its ethnic ghettoization with disastrous consequences to the present.

Próbakövek

Van-e aranyszabály ércnél maradandóbb?

Author(s): Ottó Hévizi / Language(s): Hungarian

„This book born from that not at all today's, but sometimes forgotten distreation that the nobel gent's and the „jungle's” correlation rules are very different – hard man can rather talk about the latter one.” Hévizi Ottó's Próbakövek titled book lead us in an enjoyably road to the moral systems and dilemmas jugle.

Az identitás alakzatai

Author(s): / Language(s): Hungarian

A tribute of our philosophical life's most outstanding man and woman (for example Angyalosi Gergely, Hévizi Ottó, Heller Ágnes, Losoncz Alpár, Vajda Mihály) to the excellent philosopher of Debrecen, Bíró-Kaszás Éva.

An Orderly Mess

Author(s): Helga Nowotny / Language(s): English

This book was triggered by the recent geopolitical shifts and the turn towards an allegedly post-factual era.An Orderly Mess is a timely diagnosis of the current dissolution of the modern order, while highlighting the opportunities of messiness. The essay focuses on the temporal and spatial dimensions in which messiness becomes apparent today: broken time lines and fragmented spaces. Messiness is framed by a blurring of the world orderings inherited from modernity. Against the backdrop of rapid digitalization, we may find ourselves again in a phase of transition toward new ways of world ordering. The focus on messiness reveals the different patterns of order and disorder that underpin the current process of transition.In the second half of the volume the author revisits her 1989 book on Eigenzeit, which explored how moderns experience time, or are exposed to it. A quarter century later she finds that the new inventions of technology have challenged the traditional meaning of time (and also of space) even more, increasing the non-simultaneity of human existence. Today, small devices channel into one’s fingertips medial eigenzeit: the time that one has to oneself in order to spend it with those who are absent. The past has shrunk and the present extends to the future: “there is no pre¬determined future, only a future that is as radically open as it is inherently uncertain.”

Vybrané kapitoly z fyziky a filosofie

Author(s): Michal Černý / Language(s): Czech

The book offers a comprehensive and intertwined view of the key philosophical questions that appear in contemporary physics. It combines a historiographic approach to describing the development of individual phenomena with a deeper analysis of selected problems, with an emphasis on their relationship to specific historical contexts. It reflects the themes of the methodology of physics, space-time and anthropic principle, drawing attention to both classical problems, and also to the thought shift in science after 1905, which are associated with quantum physics and general theory of relativity, but also with the expansion of space or the process of solutions to paradoxes in science. It is not only an excursion into the history of human thinking in the field of physics, but it deals with a number of contemporary problems. The publication can find an original discussion of the relation between dark matter and energy and the anthropic principle, a critical analysis of the final anthropic principle or its own definition. The text is the most comprehensive discussion of philosophical questions of physics available in Czech.

Dzieła. Tom 7. Inedita

Author(s): Marek J. Siemek / Language(s): Polish

The volume shows the diversity and richness of intellectual potential, which Marek J. Siemek used in his original idea of “social transcendence”. The idea can be compared with the transcendence of the discourse socially “placed” by Habermas and with the post-metaphysical rationality models from McCarthy to Brandom. It allows to answer such questions as: what reason and rationality is needed for the process of modern socialization to take place, and if it possible today for the “givers” and the “takers” to approve the rules of self-government having the same autonomy and within the same law which is expressed by the Kantian “transcendental unity of apperception”.

Filozofie skończoności

Author(s): Włodzimierz Lorenc / Language(s): Polish

The author considers the consequences of the departure from philosophies that refer to the concept of the absolute, i.e. metaphysical philosophies, and the turn towards formulating a philosophy that is only concerned with the sphere of finitude. The author portrays the development of the modern understanding of philosophy in the works of Feuerbach, Kierkegaard, James, and Dewey. He discusses the different forms of the philosophy of finitude from the perspective of hermeneutics, the Frankfurt School, as well as post-structuralist and postmodern philosophy. The author surveys the accomplishments of Derrida and Deleuze.

Научен отзив за Кръглата маса на тема: Образи на прехода: кино, театър и визуални изкуства

Author(s): Elena Fuchedzhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 10/2021

How do different arts - cinema, theater, literature, music - tell the story of the transition to democratization? This was the main topic discussed at a Round Table, held in the end of September at G8 Cinema by researchers for the project ‘The Transition after 1989 - Interpretations of Historical Change, Social Experience and Cultural Memory in Contemporary Bulgarian Literature’. The cultural heritage of Transition was at the center of discussions about the memory, the clash between the image of freedom and the market mechanisms of governing culture and art and the role of the media.

Политическите послания в турските сериали по българските телевизии и "Нетфликс"

Author(s): Zhana Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 10/2021

The text presents the main conclusions based on the study of the political messages in the Turkish series broadcasted on Bulgarian television and on Netflix. The main political messages in the series, showed on Bulgarian television, are the responsibility for decisions, connect with the life of a woman and a child. Among the important political topics are: migration, education abroad and returning home, conflicts between rich and poor.

Re-reading the Bulgarian Folklore Journal

Author(s): Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

This article is dedicated to the fortieth anniversary of the founding of the Bulgarian Folklore Journal. The reflections on the Journal which are discussed here are made in the context of the political and sociocultural development of Bulgaria, as well as in the context of national and international traditions in the study of folklore. At the same time, these reflections address changes in scientific paradigms and theoretical approaches, the problems of the existing boundaries between disciplines, the re-definition of scientific scope and newly defined fields of research. The interdisciplinary nature of the Journal, the development of its scientific profile, and its transformation into a journal for scholarly research in the field of folklore studies, ethnology and anthropology in the 1990s are given special attention. Editorial politics and practices, as well as different aspects of its theoretical sensibility and applied aims are traced. The place of the Journal among Bulgarian humanities periodicals and its international visibility are also highlighted.

ЛЪВСКОТО ДРУЖЕСТВО В РИМСКОТО ПРАВО

Author(s): Stoyan Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The article discusses the origin and meaning of the notion and the term leonine partnership, as well as the problems associated with the distribution of profits and losses between the partners in the consensual contract for partnership in Roman law. The fragment from the Digests of Justinian where actually is the unique mention of the expression societas leonina and this form of partnership is defined by the Romal classical jurist Cassius is subjected to a legal-dogmatic and linguistic analysis. The fable of Phaedrus for the partnership between a lion, a goat, a cow and a patient sheep which is considered to be the original source, used for forming the concept of the leonine partnership in Roman legal thought is completely analysed and interpreted. The author paid special attention to the magna questio (the great discussion) among Roman jurisprudence, dating from the period of the end of the Roman Republic with some projections and in the classical period in connection with the distribution of profits and losses in the consensual contract of partnership as a result of the partnership`s activity. And on the other hand the article examines the problem about the existence of privileges or restrictions for certain partners regarding the profits and analysis of the two leading opinions on the subject through the exegesis of a fragment of the Institutions of Gaius.

Spotkania. Tom 3

Teksty wybrane

Author(s): Krzysztof Maurin / Language(s): Polish

The last volume of the three-part series comprising works of professor Krzysztof Maurin – an eminent mathematician, the founder of the Polish School of Mathematical Physics, a philosopher and thinker – contains texts taken from the Author’s notes. It includes, among others, such chapters as:The Thinkers of the Eranos’ circle: Pauli, Jung, CorbinMeeting Lars GardingMeeting Hans Count LehndorffCarl Friedrich von WeizsäckerThe Mystery of A Meeting. The chapters discuss the figures who were of utmost importance for Krzysztof Maurin. Why did he write about his meetings with them? The Professor used to say that a disciple does not have to search for the master, because when he matures, the master will appear. One cannnot help but wonder that the Author met these, not other, outstanding people.

Човекът - изваден наново

Author(s): Enyo Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 12/2022

The text offers a review of Prof. Miglena Nikolchina's monumental study "God with Machine: Subtracting the Human", dedicated to fundamental theoretical conceptualizations around anthropological issues. The review dwells in particular on the central conceptual paradox outlined in Prof. Nikolchina's book, namely the double determination of man as "a being who wants to be human" and “being who does not want to be human”

LEGAL REGIME OF PROPERTY OF LAND IN ROMAN PROVINCES

Author(s): Stoyan Ivanov / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The paper considers the specific problem of the land property outside Italy in the Roman provinces during the period of the late Roman Republic and the early Principate. The author studies how the Roman government faced the new problems that the conquest created and what Rome actually did when first met the Hellenistic concepts of the land property in the conquered territories and how they were applied or modified according to the traditional Roman law principles and regulations. It is emphasized that the need to organize the territory and to define the property of the people who lived on that territory or the rights which they had to the land for a very first time occurred in Sicily which the Romans organized as the first Roman provincia. The article examines the organization of Sicily according to Lex Hieronica, it considers the exemptions and immunities of some cities from the general legal regime of the province, and studies the collection of public revenues and the payments for the taxes for the exploitation of the land – vectigal et vectigalia publica. Key notions and terms like possessio, dominium, mancipatio, vectigal, vectigalia, tributum, stipendium are cleared and special attention is paid to the correct use of the Latin legal terminology. Some of the most important fragments from the Institutes of Gaius about the provincial property are examined and is made a carefully study of his language and the legal aspects of his consideration of the rights that the individuals had over the provincial lands. The research presents in details the organization of other provinces in the late Roman Republic and the early Principate and deals with the richest Roman province – Asia, which brings huge revenues to the Roman budget. Central part of the study is dedicated to the legal regime of the provincial land and the author considers the main opinions on this topic in the recent Roman legal doctrine and translates and analyzes the relevant classical Latin texts in the sources and provides an important bibliography on the problem, he tries also to define the Roman concept for „provincial property“ which for sure was not identical with the dominium ex iure Quiritium in Italy.

Управленската и съдебната практика на Милош Обренович – от историята до народната история

Author(s): Branko R. Zlatković / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

A large number of oral stories about Prince Miloš Obrenović (1780–1860) are preserved as an integral part of wider biographical, autobiographical, memoir, diary, historiographical, epistolary, travel and documentary sources. By identifying and separating anecdotes, historical legends, life stories and proverbs from the tissues of more elaborate narrative units, an extensive corpus is formed in which, through a series of narratives and variants, the narrated biography of Prince Miloš develops in the spheres of his military, political, diplomatic, social and private life. Given the fact that Prince Miloš appears as a very attractive and stimulating person for narrative shaping, the examples of his special administrative and judicial practice, which are characterized by elements of humorous, unusual, witty, but also arbitrary, unscrupulous and cruel treatment emerge as particularly interesting topics. He becomes a type to which are connected themes and motifs well known not only in the domestic tradition but also in the international narrative fund.

Разказите за пророчески сънища: към изследването на фолклорната култура на сънуване

Author(s): Smiljana Đorđević Belić / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

After a theoretical review of the studies of dreams in anthropologically oriented research, the author especially considers folkloristic studies of the dreams symbolism, as well as the dream stories as a genre. The second part of the paper is dedicated to the analysis of field narratives – the stories of prophetic dreams. The focus is on the problems of the interpretation logic, the way of fitting into the autobiographical experience, and the relationship between the individual conceptions of dreams symbolism and the traditional matrices.

Прогноза за времето: от епичния „край на света“ до апокалипсиса днес

Author(s): Lidija D. Delić / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

The paper examines the folklore understanding of weather conditions, archaic conceptualization of cataclysms and contemporary newspaper/internet articles on similar topics in a comparative context. It turns out that modern civilization inherits part of the rhetorical repository and imaginary of traditional cultures when it comes to meteorological phenomena, employing them in a new context in the already recognized global “discourse of fear/intimidation” (F. Furedi, D. Altheide, P. Cap). At the same time, this rhetorical identification is seductive insofar as all its parameters (the planet has warmed since pre-industrial times, glaciers are melting, sea levels have risen, a large percentage of forests emitting oxygen have been cut down, the ozone layer and ecosystem-regulating animal species vanish, humanity has increased enormously) speak that on a global level something dramatic is happening and that we are not just witnessing another of the great resurrections of history and its (mis)use.

Разомагьосване, повторно омагьосване и фолклорни жанрове

Disenchantment, Re-enchantment and Folklore Genres. Ed by Nemanja Radulović, Smiljana Đorđević Belić. Belgrade: Institute for Literature and Arts, 2021. 286 стр. ISBN 978-86-7095-286-7

Author(s): Ana Vukmanović / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Book Review: Disenchantment, Re-enchantment and Folklore Genres. Ed. by Nemanja Radulović, Smiljana Đorđević Belić. Belgrade: Institute for Literature and Arts, 2021. 286 pp. ISBN 978-86-7095-286-7

Празникът „Кюстендилска пролет“ и социалистическата празничност: Идеология и политики (Част 2)

Author(s): Svetla I. Kazalarska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2022

The article analyzes the local holiday “Kyustendil Spring Day”, invented in the late 1960s, in the context of the socialist festivity policies by examining the ideological content inscribed in its semantics, symbols and rituals. The overarching research questions refer to the instrumentalization of the holiday by the socialist authorities and its functions in the local festive calendar. The analysis rests upon archival material, articles in the local press, photographs, and discussions and comments in the social media networks, as well as upon a limited number of interviews conducted by the author.