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Comparative Analysis Of The Flow Activity Of The Homoljska Potajnica Intermittent Spring

Author(s): Nikola Igračev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

Homoljska Potajnica belongs to the type of a very rare, intermittent or rhythmic springs which appear exclusively in karst areas. It is one of the three known springs of this type in Serbia, while it is believed to be only about fifty of these in the rest of the world. As a rare karst and natural phenomenon, Homoljska Potajnica was a subject of interest for numerous researchers and geomorphologists in Serbia. Due to a very complex problem of occurence and the principle of functioning, to get the reliable data of how intemittent springs work, it is neccesarry to provide a continious observations, ussually in a long term period. This paper presents the results of the measurements of spring's flow activity and water discharge, taken in 2012. and 2013. These were carried out for comparison with the results of previous research, with an aim to determine possible changes in dynamics and mechanisms of spring's functioning in the past. One of the goals is to relate the annual precipitation regime with the intensity and frequency of spring activity, to try to determine the specific model of the spring's functioning. Another goal is to emphasize the need for continious observation in order to obtain the relevant data about the evolution of this rare natural phenomenon.

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The Life And Work Of Tomislav Rakićević

Author(s): Ana Tasić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

After the Second World War begins the rapid development of the scientific geography and climatology, the discipline whose pioneer was in the first half of XX century Pavle Vujević, attracts a number of researchers. Tomislav Rakićević, professor at the Faculty of Geography, University of Belgrade, has dedicated its researches to this discipline of physical geography throughout his career, giving it special focus since the 70’s with only occasional researches in his primarily field of hydrogeography. This paper concerns with the life and work of Tomislav Rakićević, his scientific development, professional engagement, researches, fields of interest, influences of his work, participation in various conventions but also with his pedagogical activities, devotion to bring science closer to the public and his work on the popularization of science. Among the honours he received, the “Jovan Cvijić” medal is of the special importance. The paper includes the comprehensive bibliography of published works after 1990, the first of its kind.

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Volcanism Of Hot Spots On The Réunion As The Example

Author(s): Aleksandar Valjarević,Danica Srećković-Batoćanin,Dragan Radovanović / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

Réunion (French.: La Réunion, formerly: Īle Bourbon) is beside the Mauritius the largest and the youngest island on the Mascarene Plateau in the Indian Ocean. The island is of volcanic origin, formed through volcanic activity initiated by deeply settled “hot spot” inside the Earth’s mantle. It was formed within the last 2,000,000 years from lava effusions whose volume is up to now nearly 75,000 km3 . Only 3% of its volume is emergent and the total height from the sea floor is 6,500 m. The island is about 40 km in width with about 800,000 inhabitants. The capital city is St Denis. The nature of the island is impressive: active volcano, mountains above 3,000 m in height and deep canyon, frequently exceeding 2,000 m in depth. Since 2010, about 40% of its area is announced a National park and a UNESCO World Heritage site.

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IMPACT OF POPULATION ON THE KARST OF EAST SARAJEVO (BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA)

Author(s): Mariana Lukić-Tanović,Jelena Golijanin,Sanda Šušnjar / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Research of human settlements on the karst area of East Sarajevo starts with a brief overview of the City's characteristic traits and the influence of relief on the distribution of the population. The karst terrain was mapped using GIS tools, after which the percentage of the population and its concentration on the karst area of the East Sarajevo was determined. Karst areas have a low population density caused by difficult living conditions due to the vertical and horizontal dissection of relief, lack of mineral resources, geodynamic disasters, water shortages, specific climate conditions, degraded land, and vegetation. The consequences are the fragmentation of property, migration and aging of the population, lack of labor, weakening of the economy, etc. The research focus is to determine the degree of the anthropogenic impact on the karst environment and to apply the suitable methodology in the determination of the settlements categories according to the degree of karst environment vulnerability.

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CRIMINAL CLIMATOLOGY AS A TOOL FOR IDENTIFYING CIVILIZATIONAL THREATS OF PATHOLOGICAL ORIGIN - FOR EXAMPLE, “WARS FOR WATER”

Author(s): Wiesław Pływaczewski,Joanna Narodowska,Maciej Duda / Language(s): English Issue: 5-6/2018

The present study is devoted to the problems of climate change forensics. Within its framework, the issue of the so-called wars for water, i.e. various types of problems related to the claims of states, social groups and individuals for access to water intakes, was taken up. This is undoubtedly one of the innovative issues analysed within the framework of ecocriminology. The title issue is analysed from national, regional and global perspectives. The authors of the study analyse and synthesize the existing scientific achievements of ecocriminology, with particular emphasis on criminal problems related to various claims for water. It should be emphasized that research in this area has so far been undertaken almost exclusively within the circle of Anglo-Saxon criminology. The gap in Polish criminological literature is filled by representatives of the Olsztyn School of Ecocriminology. At the same time, the authors of the article try to answer the question of whether there are relations between climatic and weather phenomena and criminal and pathological behaviour.

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Analiza promjene uporabe zemljišta na primjeru Panonskih brda u Sloveniji

Author(s): Rok Ciglič,Jennifer Deriaz,Matija Zorn,Mateja Ferk,Dénes Lóczy / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 15/2019

In several Central European countries, land use changes can be analysed on the basis of the Franciscan Cadastre. The main aim of the paper was to analyse land use dynamics with the Franciscan Cadastre and modern land use data. The study was carried out by calculating land use structure and landscape metrics for a part of Slovenske Gorice region in Slovenia. The analysis showed that the forest area expanded, and fields and vineyards areas diminished. In general, today’s landscape is made of less patches, but they are larger and of more irregular shapes.

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Ivo Lučić, Presvlačenje krša. Povijest poznavanja dinarskog krša na primjeru Popovog polja

Author(s): Hrvoje Petrić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 15/2019

The review of: Ivo Lučić, Presvlačenje krša. Povijest poznavanja dinarskog krša na primjeru Popovog polja., Synopsis, Zagreb – Sarajevo, 2019., 680 str.

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Some of the bioclimatic peculiarities of thermal water resorts located in western Romania

Author(s): Dumitru Mihăilă,Andrei-Emil Briciu,Petruț-Ionel Bistricean,Adriana-Augustina Șușu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The paper captures some of the spatial differences and similarities, as well as the temporal peculiarities of the bioclimate of the Băile Felix, Moneasa, Geoagiu and Băile Herculane thermal water resorts, which were monitored during field observations between November 2015 and July 2017, within the project PN-II-RU-TE-2014-4-2900. To outline the temporal succession of different bioclimatic conditions in the studied resorts, we were able to calculate the thermohygrometric index (THI) and the DI Arakawa Discomfort Index (DIA) based on temperature and humidity data measured with field iButton sensors. The collected field data allowed us to calculate only these two bioclimatic indices, since they can be obtained using only the air temperature and humidity measured values. In this study, we preferred to use at least two bioclimatic indices, which would allow for a comparison between their bioclimatic values and ratings, rather than to employ a single index without having benchmark data for assessing its values. The values and temporal variability of the indices showed contradictory results for the four thermal water resorts. The annual and diurnal intervals of bioclimatic comfort and discomfort indicated by the two indices are not identical in terms of timing and duration. Taking into account both these findings and the results obtained in a series of previous studies, we consider the THI values more reliable compared to DIA, which visibly contradicts the bioclimatic conditions of the four Romanian tourist resorts. Therefore, based on the data provided by THI only, we highlighted the favorability of these locations for general and health tourism and the high degree to which the bioclimate with sedative characteristics complements and supports the balneary cure and treatment provided in the specialized treatment centers of the respective resorts.

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The conceptual - methodological evolution of the research on the föehn with special reference to the Cotnari area

Author(s): Lidia-Maria Apopei,Dumitru Mihăilă,Petruț-Ionel Bistricean / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Given the increasing vulnerability of environmental components to the variability of weather and climate elements, studies of the föehn manifestations are a topical issue both internally and externally. This article aims to highlight the main advances in geographical studies and especially climate dynamics that have marked steps in the knowledge of the föehn, specific wind in parameters that must be quantified in more detail for the climate subregion of Cotnarilor. The clearest possible capture of the dynamic peculiarities of the Cotnari subregion will allow us to detail aspects from its topoclimatic context.

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Špilja Samograd u Perušiću

Author(s): Vlado Božić / Language(s): English,Croatian Issue: 1/2015

In Lika-Senj County there are but a few natural underground places that tourists can visit, and they are the Samograd Cave in Perušić and the Šupljara Cave at Plitvice Lakes. Samograd Cave is mentioned for the first time in literature back in 1835. At that time it was visited only by curious people.In 1886 a committee was established in Perušić, who in 1889 organised the cave so it was easier to visit, particularly for 1903 when the Croatian ban was to visit the cave. The first drawing of the cave, with an illustrated tourist path, was made in 1911. In that period there were many articles about visits to the cave. Between the two world wars the cave was abandoned, and so the restoration began only after the Second World War, however it was not systematic. The cave only experienced a real revival after 2005 when the Cave Park Grabovača Public Institution opened in Perušić, which made the cave more accessible in an organisational and physical way not only to the local people but to foreign tourists too. In the spring and autumn of 2014, upon the 125th anniversary of the first organisation of the cave, the Cave Park Grabovača Public Institution organised two concerts in the cave for visitors.

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SOCIJALNA REZILIJENTOST KAO TEORIJSKI PRISTUP SOCIJALNOJ ODRŽIVOSTI

Author(s): Tanja Trkulja / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 36/2015

Svedoci smo problema izazvanih klimatskim promenama i dramatičnim rastom urbanih sistema, koji se sve više razmatraju i analiziraju u političkim i akademskim krugovima. Pitanje koje se nameće jeste kako da se društvene zajednice nose sa ovim problemima, prevaziđu ih i nastave da se razvijaju bez psiho-fizičkih posledica. Socijalna održivost je važan koncept koji nudi odgovore na postavljeno pitanje. Takođe, teorija socijalne rezilijentnosti nudi modele za kreiranje socijalno održivih i zdravih zajednica. U radu će se istražiti koncept socijalne održivosti i teorija socijalne rezilijentnosti u cilju definisanja karakteristika rezilijentnih zajednica, koje su jedino spremne da odgovore na velike društvene promene i prirodne katastrofe, kada ih zadese, i prevaziđu ih.

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SOCIAL RESILIENCE AS A THEORETICAL APPROACH TO SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

Author(s): Tanja Trkulja / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2015

We are witnesses of problems caused by climate change and dramatic growth of urban systems, which are increasingly being discussed and analyzed in political and academic circles. This rises the question of how social communities should deal with these problems, how they should overcome them and continue growing without suffering from psychophysical consequences. Social sustainability is an important concept that offers answers to this question. Besides that, the social resilience theory offers models for creation of socially sustainable and healthy communities. In this paper the concept of social sustainability and the social resilience theory will be explored for the purpose of defining characteristics of resilient communities, for resilient communities are the only ones capable of responding and overcoming great social changes and natural disasters when faced with them.

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STUDY ON BOULDERS OF MEGALITH 3 AT THE WIETRZYCHOWICE SITE (CENTRAL POLAND)

Author(s): Maciej Pawlikowski,Maciej Jaranowski,Piotr Papiernik / Language(s): English Issue: 110/2020

Boulders from Wietrzychowice megaliths underwent geological, mineralogical and petrographic study. Pink and grey granitoids were more numerous than other types of erratic stones. Boulders used in building the stone walls of the mega-lith’s construction had been processed by means of “flaking” technique, rock-cutting technology, mixed “flaking” and rock-cutting technologies, and by drilling. Initial research has revealed the presence of Cretaceous and Jurassic flint stones in glaciofluvial gravel in the vicinity of the site. They underwent preliminary technological, mineralogical and geochemical analysis. The research was conducted by means of modern mineralogical methods, including polarised and scanning micros-copy and atomic absorption spectroscopy.

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GEOCHEMISTRY OF A SEDIMENTARY SECTION AT THE WĄWELNICA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE, SZCZECIN HILLS (WESTERN POMERANIA)

Author(s): Daniel Okupny,Ryszard Krzysztof Borówka,Bernard Cedro,Joanna Sławińska,Julita Tomkowiak,Adam Michczyński,Dorota Kozłowska,Krzysztof Kowalski,Krzysztof Siedlik / Language(s): English Issue: 110/2020

The results of geochemical assays on biogenic sediments filling a fossil lacustrine basin at Wąwelnica, in the Szczecin Hills, within the left-bank part of the Oder River catchment are presented. The data reveal a natural Holocene sedimentation se-quence similar to that found for other sites in central Europe. The geochemical record of palaeo-environmental changes, which may be a consequence of human activities in the proximity of the site, is distinctly bipartite. The part of the profile corresponding to the lacustrine sediment accumulation during the Greenlandian occasionally shows an increased mineral content and an elevated catchment erosion index. An incidental presence of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic communities is confirmed by archaeological evi-dence from a few sites in the Szczecin Hills. More distinct episodes of mineral matter supply and more pronounced changes in geochemical indicators can be inferred as occurring from the onset of the older part of the Atlantic until the Older Subboreal. Most of the flint artefacts discovered along with a collection of vessel fragments in the Mierzyn-Dołuje area are associated with the Neolithic occupation. However, changes in the deposits’ geochemistry do not reflect all the settlement stages associated with the consecutive human groups identified by archaeological evidence. Possible reasons include a low sediment accumulation rate hav-ing restricted peat mass accretion and prevented the storing of any higher amounts of water. This, along with the climate-change-caused lowering of the water table, could have periodically stopped the accumulation of autochthonous organic matter. In addition, intensified human activities coincided with periods of stable and low water level in the basin. On the other hand, breaks in human activity correspond with moist Holocene stages and local flooding events.

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РЕЗУЛЬТАТ 60-ЛЕТНЕГО ОПЫТА УНИКАЛЬНЫХ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ПОСАДОК ЛИСТВЕННИЦЫ

Author(s): Yuri B. Glazunov,Mihail D. Merzlenko,Svetlana L. Lobova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 8 (169)/2017

The results of the comparative study on the growth of the four larch proveniences in geographic cultures of 60 years old on the territory of the Forest Experimental Garden of the Russian State Agrarian University (Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy), including Scottish form of Larix decidua, Polish subspecies of L. decidua, L. sibirica and L. broad-scaly (L. decidua and L. kaempferi hybrid) are presented. The range of coverage of the geographical location of the most distanced provenience is more than 5.5 thousand km. It is established that the Polish larch takes a leading place in growth according to the complex growth indicators. The larch is somewhat inferior to it;it is a broad and scaly hybrid. The Siberian larch is significantly slower in its growth. The Scottish form of European larch slightly exceeds the Siberian larch by the height and stem diameter, though it has a noticeably higher density of the stand. At the same time, the presence of the large proportion (27 %) of shrinking trees in Scottish larch provenience, which is significantly higher than in other provinces, suggests that the thinning process might occur in this population in the nearest future, thus bringing it closer to the aggregate growth indicators of Siberian larch. The Polish larch, which gives high rates of growth and productivity when planted in the middle belt of European Russia, is a promising breed for artificial reforestation. The range of the natural spread of the Polish larch species enters the region of the optimum in the area of the genus Larix.

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ПРОМЫСЛОВЫЕ УЛОВЫ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПО- КАЗАТЕЛИ КОРЮШКИ (ОSMERUS EPERLANUS (L.)) ОНЕЖСКОГО ОЗЕРА В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

Author(s): Aleksandra V. Barsova,T. I. Sergeeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 8 (169)/2017

The 5 years (2012–2016) data on fishery catches of smelt from Lake Onega and their biological indicators are presented in the article. The catches in focus contained fish of 2–6 years old. The weight of the studied fish ranged from 4 to 8 gr. Its length varied from 8 to 11 cm, with the modal group of four years old. The spawning part of the smelt population was dominated by males. The highest cumulative gain (linear and weight indexes) in the females of Onega smelt was observed during the third and fourth year of their life; in males the highest growth gain was registered in their third year of life.

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К МЕТОДИКЕ СБОРА ЭТНОБОТАНИЧЕСКИХ ДАННЫХ

Author(s): Tatiana Lebedeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 8 (169)/2017

In our country, the role of plants in different areas of traditional culture is usually studied by the folklore specialists and, to some extent, by the experts in Ethnography. The plant biologists, who usually don’t employ methods of ethnographic research in their studies, rarely pay attention to this issue. In this paper we present our method of ethnobotanical materials’ collection. The methods were tested and discussed with the representatives of the Baltic-Finnish peoples of the European part of Russia (Karelians, Veps, VOD, Izhora and Russian Seth). The meetings were held during the following periods: from 1996 to 2001 and from 2010 to 2015. A set of possible questions to be asked within the framework of data collection method and a scheme of tables for data processing and analysis are provided.

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СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ЛИПИДНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ У МОЛОДИ КУМЖИ SALMO TRUTTA L. ИЗ РЕКИ ОРЗЕГА (БАССЕЙН ОНЕЖСКОГО ОЗЕРА): II. ДИНАМИКА УРОВНЯ ЛИПИДОВ В МАЛЬКОВОМ ПЕРИОДЕ РАЗВИТИЯ

Author(s): Svetlana A. Murzina,Zinaida A. Nefedova,Svetlana N. Pekkoeva,T. R. Ruokolainen,Nina N. Nemova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

During the summer period, the lipid status in juveniles of brown trout (at 1+, 2+, 3+ years old) from the Orzega River (Onega Lake Basin) was studied. The high growth of the content of reserve lipids – TAG and ECHOL, and the increased level of cholesterol and indices of TAG/FL and TAG+ ECHOL/FL+CHOL in juveniles of brown trout at the age of 2+ and 3+ years old was registered. The obtained results indicate the increase in the intensity of food consumption and, consequently, the increase in the energy potential of the fish in focus. The positive correlation of the lipid content with the size and weight characteristics was registered. Thus, the weight of the studied youngsters at the age of 2+ and 3+ years old increased by 3,6 and 6,8 times when compared with correlations for juveniles at the age of 1+. The growth of the lipid levels in juveniles of brown trout (2+, 3+) is one of the biochemical indicators associated with changes in metabolic processes due to the influence of the growth and trophic and ecological factors. Such changes determine the level of adaptive possibilities of the growth and development in the studied fish. The results of the research on the lipid content in juveniles of brown trout can be considered biochemical indicators in monitoring the growth and early development of brown trout from the Orzega River.

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ВЛИЯНИЕ СУБСТРАТА НА МОРФОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ И МИКОРИЗООБРАЗОВАНИЕ PLANTAGO MEDIA L. И ERIGERON ACRIS L. В ТЕХНОГЕННО ТРАНСФОРМИРОВАННЫХ МЕСТООБИТАНИЯХ

Author(s): Nadezhda V. Chukina,Natalia V. Lukina,Margarita A. Glazyrina,Galina G. Borisova,K. V. Butyrin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

The purpose of this work is to study structural and functional characteristics of two plant species: Plantago media L. and Erigeron acris L., which grow on different technogenic substrates (ash and clay soil) in transformed habitats (ash dump of Verkhnetagilskaya State District Power Plant). We studied: the distribution of biomass, the parameters of the mesostructure of the leaf (the area and thickness of the leaf blade, the thickness of the mesophyll and epidermis, the volume and number of cells, the cell volume of the chloroplast, the cell membrane index, the percentage of mesophyll in the leaf), the total nitrogen content in the leaves, as well as arbuscular mycorrhiza. Species-specific changes in the studied biometric (distribution of biomass) and morphophysiological parameters (the size of the assimilating surface) have been revealed. On the ash substrate in Erigeron acris plants, a decrease in the size of the cells of the palisade mesophyll and, consequently, a decrease in the internal assimilating surface of the leaf were observed. At the same time, the properties of the substrate did not have a significant effect on this parameter in plants of Plantago media. The intensity of mycorrhiza formation in both species was higher on ash than on clay substrate.

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BOTRYCHIUM MULTIFIDUM (S. G. GMEL.) RUPR В ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫХ И ТЕХНОГЕННЫХ МЕСТООБИТАНИЯХ НА СРЕДНЕМ УРАЛЕ

Author(s): Margarita A. Glazyrina,Elena I. Filimonova,Natalia V. Lukina,Svetlana S. Fateeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

The purpose of this work is to study the spatial and age structures of cenopopulations, as well the morphological parameters of individuals and mycorrhizas of the roots of Botrychium multifidum (S. G. Gmel.) Rupr, (Botrychiaceae Horan.) growing on the industrial lands of the Middle Urals (the ash dump of Verkhnetagilskaya power station, the dam of the Shuralino-Yagodnoye gold deposit) and in the natural forest community (the forest park “Yugo-Zapadny”, Yekaterinburg). B. multifidum – a relic fern, meadow circumboreal species, is listed in the Red Books of many regions and republics of the Russian Federation. This species is rare in the Urals; it disappears due to the disturbance of natural habitats. It is shown that cenopopulations of B. multifidum in plant communities that are formed on industrial dumps are normal, incomplete (sprouts, middle age sporophagous and aging sporophytes are not found); virginyl sporophytes prevail at the ash dump of VTGRES and at the dam of Shuralino-Yagodnoye deposit of gold, and in the forest park – species of immature age. The analysis of age indices, effectiveness and recovery showed that on all sites the cenopopulations in focus were young. It is shown that in the studied communities, B. multifidum grows in groups. Morphological parameters of sporophore sporophytes depend on cenotic and edaphic factors. In the roots of B. multifidum, mycorrhizas of Paris-type, represented by intracellular coils of hyphae, hyphae and vesicles, was found in all of the investigated cenopopulations.

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